"How Do [They] Even Do That?": How Today's Technology is Shaping Tomorrow's Students
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"How Do [They] Even Do That?": How Today's Technology is Shaping Tomorrow's Students
Amanda Lenhart | Pew Research CenterDartmouth College
April 9, 2013
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• Part of the Pew Research Center, a nonpartisan “fact tank” based in Washington, DC
• PRC’s mission is to provide high quality, objective data to thought leaders and policymakers
• Pew data included in this talk is from nationally representative telephone surveys of U.S. adults and teens (on landlines and cell phones)
• Presentation slides and all data are available at pewinternet.org
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I. WHAT IS THE TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT OF TODAY’S TEENS?
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This is Elizabeth. She will be a first year college student in the Fall of 2013.
What kind of technology did she grow up with?
What kinds of technology does she use now?
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WHAT ARE THE DISRUPTIONS SPURRED BY EACH OF THESE INNOVATIONS?
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January 9, 2009 6
Elizabeth – Born 1995
PCs are 20 years old Email is 27 years old
Today:67% of teens use
Today:
93% of teens access a desktop/laptop @ home
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January 9, 2009 7
Elizabeth – Born 1995
Commercial cell phones were 17 years old
Today:
78% of teens have a cell phone
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Elizabeth – Born 1995
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World Wide Web is 5 years old.
Today: 95% of teens use the internet
First great browser – 1993Netscape IPO – Aug. 9,
1995
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January 9, 2009 9
Elizabeth – Toddler years
Palm Pilot – 1996
Today:37% of teens own a
smartphone
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January 9, 2009 10
Elizabeth – Toddler Years & Pre-school
Blogs – 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003
14% of online teens keep blogs (down from 30% at peak
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January 9, 2009 11
Elizabeth – First Grade
Wikipedia - 2001
Today:70% of online youth use Wikipedia
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Elizabeth – Mid-Elementary School
MySpace - 2003 Facebook - 2004
Today:82% of online teens use social network sites
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January 9, 2009 13
Elizabeth – Fourth Grade
YouTube – 2005
Today:27% have recorded and then uploaded videos 13% stream live video to the internet37% of teens use video chat
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January 9, 2009 14
Elizabeth is in 5th grade | Twitter – 2006
Today:24% of teens use Twitter
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Elizabeth is in 6th Grade. Tumblr is founded in 2007.
Today, 5% of teens use Tumblr.
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• T
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Elisabeth – 8th Grade – age 14
Foursquare – 2009Today, 6%
of teens “check-in” with their location
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Instagram – 2010
Elizabeth is 14 – 9th grade.
11% of teens use Instagram; 3% say they use it “most often” of social network sites.
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Snapchat- Sept. 2011
Too new to have youth data.
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46% of US adults used the internet
5% had home broadband connections
53% owned a cell phone
0% connected to internet wirelessly
0% used social network sites
_________________________
Information flowed mainly one way
Information consumption was a stationary activity
Internet Use in the U.S. in 2000
Slow, stationary connections built around a desktop
computer
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82% of US adults use the internet
2/3 have broadband at home
88% have a cell phone; 46% are smartphone users
19% have a tablet computer
19% have an e-reader
2/3 are wireless internet users
65% of online adults use SNS
The Internet in 2012
Mobile devices have fundamentally changed the
relationship between information, time and space
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II. CHANGES TO CAMPUS LIFE AND CULTURE
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SOCIAL MEDIA CHANGES FORMATION OF RELATIONSHIPS ON
CAMPUS
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“Although headed off to different schools, they had a similar experience of learning their roommate assignment and immediately turning to Facebook to investigate that person. Some had already begun developing deep, mediated friendships while others had already asked for roommate transfers. Beyond roommates, all had used Facebook to find other newly minted freshman, building relationships long before they set foot on campus.” – danah boyd
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When pre-frosh turn to Facebook before arriving on campus, they do so to find other people who share their interests, values, and background. As such, they begin a self-segregation process that results in increased “homophily” on campuses. Homophily is a sociological concept that refers to the notion that birds of a feather stick together. In other words, teens inadvertently undermine the collegiate social engineering project of creating diverse connections through common experiences.-danah boyd
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SOCIAL MEDIA CHANGES INVESTMENT IN CAMPUS
COMMUNITY
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Easier to maintain connections with home
• 82% of teens 12-17 use social media sites
• 78% of teens have a cell phone, 37% have a smartphone
• 37% of teens use video chat
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TECHNOLOGY CHANGES OUR RELATIONSHIP TO PLACES
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Augmented reality changes relationship to physical places
Merges data with physical place
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III. CHANGES TO EXPECTATIONS AROUND LEARNING AND LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
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TECHNOLOGY IS THE CLASSROOM
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Technology IS the classroom
• MOOCs?
• 3% of K-12 students have experience with distance learning
• 270,000 youth go to virtual schools (out of 55.2 million K-12 students in US)
• Blended learning
• Self-directed learning
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“When we interview young people, they will talk about how the Internet makes it easy for them to look around and surf for information in low risk and unstructured ways. Some kids immerse themselves in online tutorials, forums, and expert communities where they dive deep into topics and areas of interest, whether it is fandom, creative writing, making online videos, or gaming communities.” – Mimi Ito
“Young people are desperate for learning that is relevant and part of the fabric of their social lives, where they are making choices about how, when, and what to learn, without it all being mapped for them in advance.”
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TECHNOLOGY IN THE CLASSROOM
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Bring Your Own DeviceBring Your Own Device
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What do students do with cell phones in the classroom?
• 42% use the phone to look up information in class
• 38% take pictures or record a video for a class assignment
• 18% upload school related content to the internet• 11% text in class with teacher or other student as
a part of a class assignment• 2% use an online cell phone platform like CELLY
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The “Flipped Classroom”
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K-12 teachers are not impressed
• 87% of AP & NWP teachers say these technologies are creating an “easily distracted generation with short attention spans”
• 83% say amount of available information is overwhelming
• 76% of teachers “strongly agree” that internet search engines have condition students to expect to find information quickly & easily
• 67% say technologies “do more to distract students than help them academically.”
• Discourages wide use of resources and makes it harder to find credible materials
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But teachers also find positives
• 99% of AP & NWP teachers say it gives students access to wider range of resources
• 77% of teachers say internet & digital search tools have “a mostly positive” impact on HS student research habits
• 65% say it makes students more self-sufficient in their research
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Final thoughts & questions
• Technology changes our relationship to place, but the fundamental lure of the elite residential college will remain.
• Continue to engage in practices that put people with different experiences together, to counteract the pull of technology of like towards like
• The learners walking through your doors will continue to be shaped by an ever-changing technological milieu – how much will you move to meet them and how much will you hold on to the value and efficiencies of the current teaching models?
• Are MOOCs the new textbook? Will we flip our classrooms with MOOCs?
• How will colleges manage the challenges of distraction while harnessing the promise and opportunities of bringing devices into the classroom?
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Katherine is 8 months old
What will it be like to be a college student when she attends, 17 years from now?
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Title of presentation 04/21/23 43
Amanda LenhartPew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Projecthttp://www.pewinternet.org@amanda_lenhart
photo by arcticpenguin