Housing Typology (6 of 7)...6 7 6 PH 14 9 t o 1 3 2 1 1 4 2 1 1 3 5 1 6 45 to 1 Chy 7 65 1 2 Central...
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Housing Typology (6 of 7): Topographic and Climatic Responses
Transcript of Housing Typology (6 of 7)...6 7 6 PH 14 9 t o 1 3 2 1 1 4 2 1 1 3 5 1 6 45 to 1 Chy 7 65 1 2 Central...
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Housing Typology (6 of 7): Topographic and Climatic Responses
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IntroductionThis piece explores a sample of housing responding to site-specific local conditions such as topography, flooding or micro-climate. This sixth of seven in our typologies series illustrates responses to steep topography, high rainfall and sunlight. Illustrated by mapping, photography and scale drawings, our aim is to show the linkage between design of the house and the place of which it forms a part.
Sloping land, wind, rainfall and a precious low winter sun, are just a few of the distinctive characteristics influencing the siting and design of housing in Scotland.
Here we illustrate built examples where architects and urban designers have sought to reconcile contemporary living with the wider roles and functions of the individual house that are integral to placemaking.
Roles of topographic and climatic responsesThe success of this form can be attributed to some of the useful roles it plays:
1. Economic Value• conserving energy• harvesting energy• minimizing compensatory engineering costs
2. Townscape Value• developing a contemporary Scottish vernacular• creating built form in harmony with the natural landscape• linking to indigenous architecture
3. Cultural Value• creating attractive and comfortable living conditions – indoors• creating attractive and comfortable living conditions – outdoors
4. Environmental Value• mitigating adverse impacts such as flooding• achieving energy-efficiency
Viewing this dataDrawing and mapping were prepared by Architecture and Design Scotland in 2013, based on material supplied by the architects involved.
^ Negotiating height differences - Victoria Street, Edinburgh(image: nomadpete, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
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Responses to rainfall and SUDS
Balvonie Street, InvernessA swale, designed to attenuate surface water through the use of a series of dams, is designed as an integral part of the streetscape of the EXPO site. Houses are accessed via bridges formed from recycled rail sleepers and the particular house types respond imaginatively to this setting leading to a site-specific solution but one that has wider relevance for the integration of blue infrastructure.
These houses form part of Scotland’s Housing Expo site at Balvonie, Inverness.
CreditsDesign (swale): AREADesign (building): Malcolm Fraser ArchitectsImage: AREA
Issues
Issues
Gas Governor
11
21
2
1
7
3
PLACE
12
5
1
15
20
PINEWOOD
9
9
7
GREEN
2
BALV
ONIE ST
REET
6 T
O 1
1
Balvonie Braes
BALVONIE
SQUARE
1
3
BALVONIE
BALVONIE
TERRA
CE
1
5
1
5
8
21
15
23
BALVONIE BRAE 19
Playg
roun
d
8
2
5
13
1
11
17
Ps
37
47
57
39
3
33
5
4
4
59
19
45
8
El Sub Sta
25
15
21
11PINEWOOD
DRIVE
35
27
61
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
BUILDING WITH WATERTypology
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B6.2_ EXPO PLOT 22 & 27DRAFT
17_12_12 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
^ Location plan
^ Swale integrated into the streetscape.
^ Site plan
˅ Detail plan and section
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Mains Estate, BearsdenA good example of the way in which drainage infrastructure, in the form of two retention basins, can create a very attractive focus for new housing. This relies on imaginative planting and landscaping. Completed during the 1990’s this shows the longterm value of maturing landscape over time.
CreditsDesign: Various ArchitectsImage: A&DS
DUNELLAN ROAD
23
38a
6
4
Pond
10
El
DOUGLAS M
UIR
32
39
AULD
MURR
OCH
Sub Sta
39
1
27
11
16
El Sub Sta
1
CRAIGHEAD DRIVE
37
Pond
DRIV
E
25 to 33
DUNCOLM P
LACE
31
Weir
35
6
1
CA
STLE M
AIN
S R
OA
D
Pond
DOUGLAS MUIR
14
8
15
32
2
24
38
e
24
ROAD
23
7
5
27
41
Weir
22
17
10
26
1
13
1 to 9
2
21
29
1
39
19
37
19
2
8
CRAIG
HIRST R
OAD
47
DRIV
E
to
14
DRUMBEG TERRACE
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© Crown copyright and database rights 2013 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 6.1 _ DOUGLAS MUIR ROADDRAFT
04_02_13 1:1250@A4
BUILDING WITH WATER
0 10m 50m
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
Typology
^ Location plan
^ View over one of the retention basins
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Responses to Topography
Botany, MaryhillThese terraced houses negotiate a steep site from lower street front to higher back gardens. Whilst lower level rooms open south towards the front garden and the street, upper level kitchens open onto an elevated private garden.
CreditsDesign: Elder&Cannon ArchitectsImages: Elder&Cannon Architects
25
33
1885
1865
1879
1831
Primary
RC School
ll
1873
1834
1869
17
PH
1675
1836
1794
1850
1859
1796
St Mary
's (M
aryhill)
1798
1843
MARYHIL
L R
OAD
15
1829
1871
1861
1857
1842
LO
CH
GIL
P S
TREET
Lock Lock
GLENCLOY STREET
1863
1883
1835
Path
1909a
4
STREET
PH
Lock
1840
29
35
Path
1839
1844
WHIT
ELA
W S
TREET
27
Forth and Clyde Canal
El Sub Sta
COWAL STREET
PH
19l9
Slo
pin
g m
aso
nry
LENNOX
GLENCLOY STREET
1909b
1915
1877
1887
BANTASKIN STREET
1903
1881
Playground
1907
1905
1911
1901
Path
30
52
64
Posts
Posts
42
1851
1853
LEVEL SHIFT
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
Typology
© Crown copyright and database rights 2013 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 5.1 _BOTANYDRAFT
17_01_13 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
^ Location plan
^ View showing private elevated gardens
^ Site plan
^ South facing entrances on the lower level
˅ Detail plan and section
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Da Vadill, LerwickIndividual houses facet and step to respond simultaneously to local street patterns and steep topography, leading to a form that is both contemporary and seemingly rooted in the site and local architecture.
The front to back section, with its well-integrated retaining wall, allows a responsive street front to be reconciled with parking infrastructure to the rear.
CreditsDesign: Richard Gibson ArchitectsImages: www.phatsheep.co.uk
59
Hall
1
Sub Sta
PC
NORT
H RO
AD
30
70
2
2a
10
37
3.1m
75
15
Pp Ho
RO
AD
El
80
11
7
4.4m
3
BloomfieldPlace
2
Garage
12
7
31
Slipway
4
MHW
S
23
9
74
10
17
72
71
20
1
12
A 9
70
MLW
S
A 969
BRUCE C
RESCENT
TCB
61
LB
Store
1
51
7
Burg
ess
Str
eet
69
40
9
HO
LM
SG
ARTH
50
5
9.1m
4
A 9
70
Posts
6
El
Place
Bloomfield
Store
A 9
70
82 Sub Sta
L TwrGarage
5
79
Quay
MHW
S
26
MH & MLWS
Slipway
GARTHSPOOL
PO
A 969
Posts
El Sub Sta
Bollards
L Twr
Tank
Shelters
21
16
15
DA VADILL
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 1.1 _ DA VADILLDRAFT
18_12_12 1:1250@A4
THE TERRACE
0 10m 50m
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
Typology
^ Location plan
^ View of entrances
^ Site plan
^ Frontage to Holmsgarth Road
˅ Detail plan and section
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Lanark Street, Glasgow GreenThese terraced houses reconcile significant level differences between front and back whilst maintaining urban roles for the architecture on both sides. Each side has a significant role, one frontage overlooking a common garden space, the other providing a street frontage.
Bridges provide access for living rooms to the common garden at the upper level. External stair structures towards Dyer’s lane and the slope towards the common garden help define a threshold of defensible space alongside bedrooms at the lower level.
This terrace forms part of Homes For The Future 1999
CreditsDesign: Mckeown Alexander ArchitectsImage: jmarchitects
I7
3
38
43
92
52
72
29
ST
Station
12
2 t
o 6
76
PH
149
to
13
21
14
21
135
16
45 to 51
44
Chy
7
65
12
Central
ST ANDREW
'S STREET
Shelter
1
129
90
89
37
18
GALLOWGATE
8
16
20 to
24
25
El Sub Sta
25
46
LONDO
N LANE
32
El Sub Sta
22
133
El Sub Sta
103
28
10
Car Park
16
Church
Air Shaft
11
8
STRE
ET
JAMES
MORR
ISON
Graveyard
Playground
42
95
2
13
Parish
139
72
18
39
104
21
20
21
24
30
10
12
20
8
6
19
Tunnel
PH
15
98
34
Court
31
16
PH
29
48
MOIR
STREET
143
20
86
Car Park
31
26
7
District
33
11
57 to 61
St Andrew's
Car Park
ST A
NDREW
'S S
QUA
RE
LA
NA
RK S
TREET
TURNBULL S
TREET
DYER'S LANE
44
39
Police
GREENDYKE STREET
LONDO
N RO
AD
CHA
RLO
TTE S
TREET
LB
to
86
78
82
10
25
21
30
5
15
9
20
23
130
90
92
31
3 to
11
24
LEVEL SHIFT
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
Typology
© Crown copyright and database rights 2013 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 5.2 _HOMES FOR THE FUTUREDRAFT
17_01_13 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
^ Location plan
^ Frontage overlooking the common garden space
^ Site plan
˅ Detail plan and section
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Responses to Solar Orientation
Muirhouses Square, Bo’nessThese 3 detached houses collectively front south over an urban square, responding to solar orientation with south, east and west facing frontages.
Kitchen and family room face east towards the morning sun whilst dining and living rooms face west towards the afternoon sun. The dining room on the narrow south-facing elevation overlooks the entrance yard and parking area. Facing the street are a walled parking court and a high hedge, the house set back within a surrounding garden providing privacy and shelter.
CreditsDesign: Malcolm Fraser ArchitectsImages: A&DS
S inks
Cot t ageHolland
MUIRHOUS ES AVENUE
64
2
15
1
9
3
15 11
1 to 11
18
1511
17
2 to 1214
24
ES S
10
16
31
2
9
23
2
7
1
25
16
4
10
15
4
27
3
35
3
17
14
MUIRHOUS ES CRESCENT
29
21
6
37
19
33
5
6
8
1
14
12
11
8
5
7
9
3
5
9
7
1
43
30
292
4
6
8
41 39
29
17
44
18
26
41
10
2711
19
17
15
52
50
38
26
14
21
2
46
44
42
48
2
14
1
5
2
18
10
7
45
1
8
26
2
14
19
1115
1
28
51
49
53
36
229
16
Path
MUIRHOUS ES SQUARE
46
8
40
MA RYFIEL D DRIVE
CARRIDEN VIEW
CA
RR
IDEN
PLACE
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
T itleA3 _SIT E PLANINFORMAT ION
2 8 _0 1 _1 3 1:1250@A3
A 3 _T H E D R UM, BO 'N E SS
H O USIN G V A L UE ST UD Y _C A T E GO R Y A
* all area calculations are subject to confi rmation of allocated parking locat ion s .
Key
Stud y bo unda ry / gross area*
nett area*
Crown copyright 2012. All rights reserved.
0 50m
Licence number 0100053303.
* all area calculations are subject to confirmation of allocated parking locations.
0 50m N
Study boundary/ gross area*Key
* all area calculations are subject to confirmation of allocated parking locations.
Key
Nett area*
^ Location plan
^ South facing elevation
^ Site plan
^ Dining room window onto entrance yard
˅ Detail plan and section
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Balvonie Brae, InvernessBuilt to Passivhaus standard, these houses exploit southern orientation to rear garden elevations and a simple stepping per house addresses changing topography at the street front.
This terrace forms part of Scotland’s Housing Expo site at Balvonie, Inverness.
CreditsDesign: HLM ArchitectsImage: HLM Architects
Issues
Issues
Gas Governor
11
21
2
1
7
3
PLACE
12
5
1
15
20
PINEWOOD
9
9
7
GREEN
2
BALV
ONIE ST
REET
6 T
O 1
1
Balvonie Braes
BALVONIE
SQUARE
1
3
BALVONIE
BALVONIE
TERRA
CE
1
5
1
5
8
21
15
23
BALVONIE BRAE 19
Playg
roun
d
8
2
5
13
1
11
17
Ps
37
47
57
39
3
33
5
4
4
59
19
45
8
El Sub Sta
25
15
21
11PINEWOOD
DRIVE
35
27
61
HOUSING VALUE STUDY_CATEGORY B
THE TERRACETypology
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100053303
Scale/ Format
Status
Date
Title
N
B 1.4 _ EXPO PLOT 9DRAFT
17_12_12 1:1250@A4
0 10m 50m
^ Location plan
^ Stepped terrace elevation facing Balvonie Brae
^ Site plan
˅ Detail plan and section
10
Find out more about Architecture & Design Scotland:
www.ads.org.uk @ArcDesScoT: 0131 556 6699E: [email protected]
Bakehouse Close, 146 Canongate, Edinburgh EH8 8DD
Level 2, The Lighthouse, 11 Mitchell Lane,Glasgow, G1 3NU
1
Housing Typology (1 of 7): The Terrace
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Housing Typology (2 of 7): Clusters, Groupings and Courtyards
1
Housing Typology (3 of 7): Closes, Wynds and Mews
1
Housing Typology (4 of 7): Edge
1
Housing Typology (5 of 7): Towers, Corners and Markers
1
Housing Typology (7 of 7): Adaptables
Other documents in this series:
