Hostless : Simple Connectivity For WiMax Devices

Abstract

4G wireless nomadic devices in the form of USB dongles and Pocket modems are fast becoming

the preferred devices for wireless broadband access amongst 4G operators. Due to benefits of lower

cost and smaller form factor, 4G wireless nomadic devices now account for 39%* of total WiMAX

devices shipped in 2010, and this tendency is set to continuously increase in the coming years as

4G becomes pervasive.

Generally, 4G wireless USB dongles cannot function alone and require an external host controller in

the form of a terminal (example: personal computer, netbook, tablet) to process the data packets,

which normally runs on a specific protocol governed by the host operating system (e.g: Windows,

Linux, Mac). Therefore, conventional installation of a 3rd party application is required to manage the

remote access connections. Commonly known as a “Connection Utility (CU)”, this 3rd party

application manages all data flows in the background and provides status of the

administrator-defined connection.

Alternatively, technology for 4G chipsets has advanced significantly and now there exist a simple way

for 4G wireless USB dongles to be connect to the internet. Greenpacket 4G nomadic devices now

provides an option to allow the use of generic Virtual Ethernet link protocol (USB CDC or RNDIS) to

connect with these external host controllers running on any operating systems as an alternative to

the traditional CU approach. We call this feature “Hostless” connectivity. Very similar to how an

end-user would connect a USB memory stick, this new Hostless feature can be visualized as a

generic version of a CU, borrowing the native USB Ethernet driver and management features from

the host operating system.

This paper explains the implementation scenarios of both the CU approach and Hostless approach

to match specific needs. We will then dive in detail to understand the concept background of

Hostless by looking at the system architecture and describing the step-by-step of how Hostless

works within the host terminal from an end user perspective.

* Maravedis – 4GCounts Quaterly report – issue 14 (April 2011)

Knowing your 4G Wireless USB dongles

4G wireless USB dongles can be categories as a simple 4G wireless device. The basic system architecture of a typical

4G wireless USB dongle consists of a baseband processor, a radio front-end, memory, and an USB interface.

To minimize the size and cost of the 4G wireless USB dongle, device manufacturer tend to rely on the processing power

of an additional host controller outside the 4G wireless USB dongles via a standard physical data protocol link. Figure 1

show the standard USB interface between the USB dongle and an additional host controller (generally a personal

computer) required to process the dataflow. In addition to the physical data protocol link, device drivers is required to

allow the host controller to interact with the 4G wireless USB dongles.

What is a Connection Utility (CU) and how it worksConsumers nowadays generally assume that drivers and managing programs for all the commonly used USB devices

exist and supported by the operating systems. In fact, most USB hard drives, cameras, mouse, keyboards, flash

memories, headsets and other mass market and matured consumer electronic devices do already exist and is pretty

much a plug-and-play. On the other hand, with 4G nomadic wireless devices being relatively new, compatible device

drivers are not yet installed in the common operating system.

The conventional implementation is to have the chipset or device vendors to develop a specific application program

which contains the drivers and device/data management features which is installed as a driver to enable management

function in the host controller. This application is commonly known as a “Connection Utility” (CU). Figure 2 shows the

architecture relationship between a CU and host computer.

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

Simple Connectivity for WiMAX Devices

Introduction RNDIS / USB CDC drivers andthe concept of HostlessUniversal Serial Bus (USB) is a specification meant to establish a generic communication link between devices and a host

controller. To extend this concept even further, USB communication device class (USB CDC) is a composite USB device

class primarily used for modems. USB CDC supports computer networking features, providing an interface for

transmitting Ethernet or ATM frames onto a physical format. Therefore, to assist the connection of wireless USB devices,

all modern operating systems now supports this built-in generic Virtual Ethernet link protocol for USB devices.

Microsoft Windows versions prior to Windows Vista do not support the networking parts of the USB CDC, instead it

promotes Microsoft's own derivative named Microsoft RNDIS, a serialized version of the Microsoft NDIS (Network Driver

Interface Specification). The remote NDIS is an application programming interface (API) that is specifically designed for

the use in USBs and other plug and play devices. With a well defined network driver interface specification, chipset and

device vendors no longer need to define a message set that is independent from I/O buses when writing NDIS device

drivers. Due to the commonality of the name RNDIS, we will generalize USB CDC and RNDIS as “RNDIS” for

convenience within the context of this paper.

Figure 7 show a series of the auto installation process of a Hostless device when attached to a host controller for the

first time.

One of the main functions of a remote NDIS is to convert a slave USB interface into a LAN interface, similar to a

broadband gateway implementation. The host controller which is typically a Window-based PC is connected to the

gateway, where the Ethernet traffic can be passed between the Host controller to and from the USB device. For systems

using the legacy TCP/IP interfaces, the remote network driver interface can also be used to allow USB connectivity. This

means that no changes is required in the older host drivers or additional invest required for new firmware within the USB

network device.

What is “Hostless” and how it worksArchitecture

RNDIS is a convenient protocol that allows a compliant USB dongle to appear as a simple Ethernet link to the operating

system, removing the dependency and responsibility of connectivity management from the CU, a client on the host

controller to the device (firmware) or otherwise known as a “Hostless” device. This new Hostless feature can be visualized

as though it is a universal CU as it functions by borrowing the native RNDIS driver and management features from the

host operating system. Similar to the CU’s approach in connectivity management, instead of installing a client on the host

controller Hostless enabled 4G USB dongles also have the ability to store, process and display device status,

but through a web browser interface.

Contents

Knowing your 4G Wireless USB dongles 01

What is a Connection Utility (CU) and how it works 02

- Limitations of CU implementation

Introduction RNDIS/ USB CDC drivers and the concept of Hostless 04

What is Hostless and how it works 06

- Architecture

- Hostless installation process

- Integrating advance utility features in a Hostless environment

Why go Hostless 10

- Hostless for chipset/device manufacturer

- Hostless for Operator

- Advantage of Hostless for Subscriber

Conclusion 13

Greenpacket, Bringing You Total HOSTLESS Freedom 14

References 15

Figure 2: Conventional architecture and relationship of a connection utility and host controller.

Figure 3: Installation steps for a typical Connection Utility program.

Figure 4: Conventional architecture and relationship of a Hostless device and host controller.

Figure 5: Applying RNDIS/CDC protocol on WiMAX USB devices.

Figure 7: Automatic installation process of a Hostless device

Limitations of WiMAX CU implementation

Functioning as a client installed within the host terminal, CU has consistent dependencies and requirements that vary

widely according to host software system (OS), protocols and interfaces. WiMAX emerging as a new 4G standard fast

being adopted also means that constant innovation and new chipsets and devices from various vendors are constantly

being rolled out with improved features and functionalities. Over 198 device variations are certified with WiMAX Forum

with hundreds more being compliant and constantly adding to the list. This means that interoperability to the host

terminal and customization is required leading to a longer service commercialization timeline to be implemented.

This inherent drawback might be a hassle to certain operators looking for an instantly deployable 4G USB device to

bring service offerings as fast as possible to the market due to dependencies on the remote access connection utility.

Hostless installation process

Upon attaching the Hostless USB dongle to the notebook/PC for the first time, an error message will

automatically prompt the user, neglecting this message allows the operating system to move forward with the

installation process.

A USB mass storage device will be displayed while the RNDIS driver automatically installs, upon completion, a

recognizable drive will be created which indicates a successful installation.

Checking the available network connections shows that the connection has been successfully established where

the user can now access the internet services via the WiMAX network.

To the end users, the Hostless approach means an actual full plug-and-play (zero-installation) experience. Once the

device is plugged in, it connects to the network immediately via an embedded Connectivity client within the device

firmware. The whole experience and behavior is similar to how a user would connect to a fixed modem today.

Intel® WiMAX Connection2400 Baseband ChipHost

Intel Solution

Intel® WiMAX Connection2320R Dual-Band Radio

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

4G USB Dongle(with CU)

TCP/IP

USB Cable

TCP/IPRNDIS Windows series platform

Green packet WiMAXHostless USB device

CDC on linux/MAC-OS platform

API (Bus-Slave Interface)

API (RNDIS-USB Interface)

USB Bus Driver USB Driver

USB Controller Driver

USB Controller (HW) USB Slave Driver

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

Remote NDISto Ethernet Driver

Remote NDISCore Driver

Remote NDISUSB Transport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

Data Flow Management

Connetion Status Management & Display

(Value-added Service)

Browser(Value-added Service)

RF Frontend

Baseband

Storage of CUInstallation Files

Figure 6: Conventional architecture and relationship of a HOSTLESS device and host controller.

COMPUTER

4G USB Dongle(with CM)

USB Data Power

RNDIS/CDCDevice Driver

Browser

Connection Status Display

RNDIS Support

Connection StatusManagement

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Traditionally, a CU is an application program that runs in the background of the OS while managing data flows and status

of the 4G wireless USB dongle. The CU application is commonly embedded within the memory of the device with all the

OS associated installation and execution files included. Upon plugged for the first time, the associated installation files

will be detected and installed. A typical installation procedure for a CU is illustrated in Figure 3.

Once the device is connected to the laptop/PC, the Auto-Installation program will start running.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

A computer reboot might be required.

Step 5Read the License Agreement message prompted. Select “I accept the terms in the license agreement”, click “Next” to continue.

Step 2

Read the License Agreement message prompted. Select “I accept the terms in the license agreement”, click “Next” to continue.

Step 3

Installation will take several minutes to complete with a message prompt (e.g: InstallShield Wizard Complete). Click Finish to complete the process.

Step 4

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Software architecture of USB network devices using RNDIS Protocol

Figure 1: Example of an Intel 4G solution which represents a basic architecture of 4G USB dongles, we can see that an additional host processor, device driver, and USB link is generally required.

APPLICATION NOTE

About Green PacketGreenpacket is the international arm of the Green Packet Berhad group of companies which is listed on the Main Board

of the Malaysian Bourse. Founded in San Francisco’s Silicon Valley in 2000 and now headquartered in Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia, Greenpacket has a presence in 9 countries and is continuously expanding to be near its customers and in

readiness for new markets.

We are a leading developer of Next Generation Mobile Broadband and Networking Solutions for Telecommunications

Operators across the globe. Our mission is to provide seamless and unified platforms for the delivery of user-centric

multimedia communications services regardless of the nature and availability of backbone infrastructures.

At Greenpacket, we pride ourselves on being constantly at the forefront of technology. Our leading carrier-grade

solutions and award-winning consumer devices help Telecommunications Operators open new avenues, meet new

demands, and enrich the lifestyles of their subscribers, while forging new relationships. We see a future of limitless

freedom in wireless communications and continuously commit to meeting the needs of our customers with leading

edge solutions.

With product development centers in USA, Shanghai, and Taiwan, we are on the cutting edge of new developments in

4G (particularly WiMAX and LTE), as well as in software advancement. Our leadership position in the Telco industry is

further enhanced by our strategic alliances with leading industry players.

Additionally, our award-winning WiMAX modems have successfully completed interoperability tests with major WiMAX

players and are being used by the world’s largest WiMAX Operators. We are also the leading carrier solutions provider

in APAC catering to both 4G and 3G networks.

For more information, visit: www.greenpacket.com.

Copyright © 2001-2011 Green Packet Berhad. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language, in any form by any means, without the written permission of Green Packet Berhad. Green Packet Berhad reserves the right to modify or discontinue any product or piece of literature at anytime without prior notice.

San Francisco · Kuala Lumpur · S ingapore · Shanghai · Taiwan · Sydney · Bahrain · Bangkok · Hong Kong

AssociateMember

Greenpacket, Bringing You Total Hostless Freedom Operators around the world have successfully leveraged on WiMAX to start realizing the dream of true Wireless

Broadband Freedom. At Greenpacket, we have helped many WiMAX Operators achieve this through our best-in-class

and award-winning USB modems.

Let us show you new perspectives on how to effectively extend the new age in Hostless connectivity and meet the

demands of your subscribers.

With Greenpacket, limitless freedom begins now!

Free Consultation

If you would like a free consultation on empowering your subscribers with seamless mobility and extending a better

connectivity experience, contact us at [email protected] (kindly quote the reference code DWP0820

when you contact us).

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ConclusionOperators, chipset and device manufacturers now have the flexibility and choice of approach when it comes to access

network connectivity management with the addition of Hostless now supported in all Greenpacket 4G Wireless Nomadic

Devices that includes the UH high-gain USB dongle, UT USB dongle and Pocket modem.

Table 1 shows the generic feature supported by both the CU and Hostless implementation with each having its unique

value proposition.

Figure 10: Hostless customizable Web based user interface

Advantage of Hostless for Subscriber

Benefits to subscriber are most significant with the change in usage trends. Speed of access, flexibility of portability, cost

of the device and simplicity in configuration are key aspect that user look for when selecting a device. The device has to

truly transform itself to be as simple as possible as a user regard the USB dongle as just a device to allow them in

accessing the internet and not a device that they expect to interact directly with.

To the end user, installation of a HOSTLESS device is almost instant on any host controller running on any OS that is

configured on any language through a common universal USB interface, a true plug-and-play experience.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Processed by USB dongle anddisplayed through browser

Limited

Additional application required

Can function alone withouthost processor

Value added Service option

Support background service

Device status data

Required Hard drive Space

USB Dongle HostlessUSB Dongle with CUFeatures

References1. Maravedis – 4GCounts Quaterly report – issue 14 (April 2011)

2. Intel - Enabling small form factors and energy-efficient performance with an integrated WiMAX chipset solution.

3. http://www.intel.com/technology/wimax/2400.htm

Figure 11: Value proposition of Hostless implementation to end-users

Simple 123 setup for subscribers

Enhanced end-user experience

Compatibility on all OS

Common recognizable interface

Accessibility anytime, anywhere,on any device

• Common trouble-free experience

Hostless for Operator

Operators constantly add, remove and change product strategies as part of marketing campaigns and service packages

plans to continuously stimulate subscriber or average revenue per user (ARPU) growth. The myriad availability of 4G

wireless USB dongles in the market is also an advantage to operators, but truth to fiction for a 4G WiMAX operator

wanting to moving from one device offering to another or implement a variety of device offering requires detail strategies

in place.

Operators taking the path of using native CU provided by the device vendors will need to ensure that customer support

is enhanced with sufficient technical and product training to be able to assist subscribers on device issues resulting from

connectivity.

With Hostless implementation, operators targeting mass consumer market can now significantly bring the

service/device to market almost instantly as the native device in ensured to interwork on the subscriber end with any

host controller as there are no dependency on OS, language, interface and protocol. Delivering something that is

simple and easily accessible.

Integrating advance utility features in a Hostless environment

End users are conventionally familiar with the conventional Connection Manager (CM) (a Software Client that incorporates

both the CU function with a GUI and other advance modular features and funtions) implementation and notification that

comes along with the graphical user interface (GUI). This is critical as part of the whole nomadic and mobile usage of USB

based dongles as there exist a difference in user experience when compared to a fixed access gateway. In the fixed access

gateway scenario, the device is normally placed in a fixed location, thus not requiring an additional client (CM) to perform

management of the connection or provide connectivity status information to the end user. In the case of a USB dongle, this

is critical as the usage environment changes with movement, thus the connectivity status is constantly changing where

connectivity status notification is important as a form of interaction with the user. Similarly, in the scenario of Hostless, this

can also be implemented with the simple approach via the web.

Web-based Feature

The nature of the web and its design allows complete flexibility for the Hostless architecture to utilize web-redirection or

HTML pop-up to provide the end-user with device status display as a form of notification interface similar to the CM

approach which is normally communicated via the graphical user interface (GUI).

Web Redirection

The web redirection feature in Greenpacket’s WiMAX Hostless device redirects all web requests to the “Web based User

Interface (UI)” page (redirection portal) when the WiMAX network is lost or not connected. This page can be customized by

the operator with notification information; for example, when the WiMAX network connection is lost due to poor radio signal,

and upon user trying to access a specific website via the explorer, the web redirection will kick in and automatically redirects

the session to the default URL to allow the operator a channel to informing the users that there is a problem with the network

connections and provide suggestive guideline to the end-user in restoring the connection.

DNS Cached Notification

Web redirection is triggered with the device reporting a private device IP in the DNS response when the WiMAX connection

is not available. A drawback exist as most web browsers automatically caches the DNS lookup request in order to speed

up future request, thus in the scenario that when the WiMAX connection is re-connected, there is no way to refresh the web

browser (domain name) to clear the DNS cache table with redirection still persisting and the user will still be redirected to the

default cached “Web based UI” page. The only approach to clear the DNS cache is to restart the browser application and

how can this be done.

The simple workaround exist as an additional step with DNS Cache Notification, where in the scenario that when the

connection is re-established and upon user trying to access the internet via the web browser, a re-direction happens where

the user is brought to the DNS Cache Notification page that informs the user to restart the web browser and upon a restart,

the user experience will return as usual.

Web Message

Within the Web based UI, the CGI allows flexibility to the operator to insert notification information of upgrades,

guidelines, promotions or announcements.

Auto HTTP/FTP Update

Hostless implementation supports HTTP based update feature and OMA-DM mechanism. This allows the operators who

have deployed HTTP update servers or OMA servers to instantly migrate to Hostless without additional investment or

staff re-training. Similarly, operators implementing TR-069 can perform provisioning and configuration management

through HTTP or FTP protocols.

Why go Hostless

Innovations in 4G USB dongle developments towards a Hostless approach in access network connectivity and

management will create a transformational change for chipset and device manufacturer to fast-track device creation and

proliferation into the market as well as benefit operators and end-users in simplifying service creation and utilization.

Hostless for chipset/device manufacturer

Ever since the development of wireless modem emerged in the form of USB dongles, there has been a significant

demand due to the simplicity and compactness of the form factor, USB dongles has brought about true personal

broadband to wide adoption. It is no surprise that device manufacturers are constantly finding ways to bring

differentiation with the number of vendors having similar category of product offering.

The main transformation that Hostless brings about the chipset and device manufacturer is the significant time-to-market

advantage as it is instantly usable out of the box and a guaranteed trouble free functionality over time. Due to its simple

architecture, developers no longer need to maintain several component suites/versions of CU to ensure compatibility

with different operating systems, interfaces and communication protocols. GUI customization of Hostless is done based

on HTML programming, adding significant convenience to the overall functionality to provide service information not

available through the CU.

Innovations and improvement of RNDIS and CDC driver by OS developers ensure rich features, compatibilities and an

optimized performance is constantly maintained on the host controller

Figure 8: Value proposition of Hostless implementation to Chipset and Device manufacturers

Figure 9: Value proposition of Hostless implementation to Operators

Leverage existing RNDIS/CDC forPlug and play interface

Solution available out of box

Optimized 4G performance enabledby Laptop/PC native driver

Transparent to OS languageCompatibility

Education Free installation

Easy maintenance/managementfor operators

Reduced customer support

Instant compatibility,interoperability and reducedcustomer support

• Lower cost of software maintenance and customer support

• Easy customization onweb GUI

Shorter Time-To-Market

• Reduced development and support time/cost

• Optimized performance ensured by OS developers

QUICKSTART

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Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

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APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Free Consultation

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value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

13APPLICATION NOTE

14APPLICATION NOTE

15APPLICATION NOTE

12APPLICATION NOTE

08APPLICATION NOTE

09APPLICATION NOTE

10APPLICATION NOTE

11APPLICATION NOTE

Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

WHITEPAPER03

APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Free Consultation

WHITEPAPER

value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

13APPLICATION NOTE

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15APPLICATION NOTE

12APPLICATION NOTE

08APPLICATION NOTE

09APPLICATION NOTE

10APPLICATION NOTE

11APPLICATION NOTE

Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

MemoryM

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

WHITEPAPER03

APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Free Consultation

WHITEPAPER

value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

13APPLICATION NOTE

14APPLICATION NOTE

15APPLICATION NOTE

12APPLICATION NOTE

08APPLICATION NOTE

09APPLICATION NOTE

10APPLICATION NOTE

11APPLICATION NOTE

Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

WHITEPAPER03

APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Free Consultation

WHITEPAPER

value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

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12APPLICATION NOTE

08APPLICATION NOTE

09APPLICATION NOTE

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Step 1

Step 2

Click “Next” to accept the default installation folder OR click “Change” to specify a different location, then click “OK” and “Next”.

Step 3

Step 4

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APPLICATION NOTE

Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

WHITEPAPER03

APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Free Consultation

WHITEPAPER

value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

13APPLICATION NOTE

14APPLICATION NOTE

15APPLICATION NOTE

12APPLICATION NOTE

08APPLICATION NOTE

09APPLICATION NOTE

10APPLICATION NOTE

11APPLICATION NOTE

Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

WHITEPAPER03

APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Free Consultation

WHITEPAPER

value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

13APPLICATION NOTE

14APPLICATION NOTE

15APPLICATION NOTE

12APPLICATION NOTE

08APPLICATION NOTE

09APPLICATION NOTE

10APPLICATION NOTE

11APPLICATION NOTE

Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

WHITEPAPER03

APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Free Consultation

WHITEPAPER

value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

13APPLICATION NOTE

14APPLICATION NOTE

15APPLICATION NOTE

12APPLICATION NOTE

08APPLICATION NOTE

09APPLICATION NOTE

10APPLICATION NOTE

11APPLICATION NOTE

Abstract

www.greenpacket.com

Hostless:

first time.

network device.

Contents

- Architecture

Why go Hostless 10

Conclusion 13

References 15

Intel Solution

System-in-Package

FrontEnd

Driver

Control

Memory

CTRL SynthUSB/SDIO

COMPUTER

TCP/IP

USB Cable

USB Slave (HW)

Remote NDISMiniport

USB Data Power

CU application

Device Driver

RF Frontend

Baseband

COMPUTER

USB Data Power

Browser

RNDIS Support

Data Flow

Management

RF Frontend

Baseband

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

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APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

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Free Consultation

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value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

in place.

connectivity.

Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

Web Message

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

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Web-based Feature

Web Redirection

08APPLICATION NOTE

Web Message

09APPLICATION NOTE

Why go Hostless

QUICKSTART

10APPLICATION NOTE

in place.

connectivity.

11APPLICATION NOTE

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value proposition.

Limited

YES and flexible

<500kB

Limited

Device status data

13APPLICATION NOTE

Free Consultation

WHITEPAPER14

APPLICATION NOTE

15APPLICATION NOTE

edge solutions.

AssociateMember

Hostless : Simple Connectivity For WiMax Devices

Technology

Transcript of Hostless : Simple Connectivity For WiMax Devices