Hospital and Surgical Insurance Coverage
55
Data from the ~ NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY Hospital and Surgical Insurance Coverage United States–1974 Statistics are presented on the number of persons in the civilian noninstitutionalized population with hospitzd and surgical insurance coverage. Private hospital and surgical insurance coverage of persons under 65 years of age is distributed by selected demographic characteristics. Statistics on the number of hospitaI insurance pkms per person, how the pkms were obtained, and type of insurance organization are shown for this age group. Reasons for not having hospital insurance also are given for persons under 65 years. Based on data collected in health interviews during 1974. DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 77-1545 Series 10 Number 117 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Health Resources Administration National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville, Md, August 1977
Transcript of Hospital and Surgical Insurance Coverage
Data from the~ NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY
Hospital and SurgicalInsurance CoverageUnited States–1974
Statistics are presented on the number of persons in the civiliannoninstitutionalized population with hospitzd and surgical insurancecoverage. Private hospital and surgical insurance coverage of personsunder 65 years of age is distributed by selected demographiccharacteristics. Statistics on the number of hospitaI insurance pkmsper person, how the pkms were obtained, and type of insuranceorganization are shown for this age group. Reasons for not havinghospital insurance also are given for persons under 65 years. Basedon data collected in health interviews during 1974.
DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 77-1545
Series 10Number 117
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFAREPublic Health Service
Health Resources AdministrationNational Center for Health StatisticsHyattsville, Md, August 1977
. ,
I
For sale by the Superintendent of Dwxments, U.S. Ciovemment Printii OfficeWashington, D.C. 20402
/
Wilder, Charles S.Hospital and surgical insurance coverage, United States 1974.
(Vital and health statistics: Series 10, Data from the National Health Survey; No. 117)(DHEW publication; (HRA) 77-1545)
1. Insurance, Hospitalization-United States–Statistics. I. Title. II. Series: United States.National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and health statistics: Series 10, Data from theNational Health Survey, Data from the health interview survey; no. 117.111. Series: UnitedStates. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare. DHEW publication; (HRA) 77-1545.[DNLM: 1. Insurance, Hospitalization-United States–Statistics. W2 A N148vj no. 117]RA407.3.A346 no. 117 [HG9396] 312’.0973sISBN 0-8406-0109-3 [368.3’827’00973] 77-12489
Stock No. 017-022-00670-1
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS
DOROTHY P. RICE, Director
ROBERT A. lSRAEL, Deputy Director
JACOB J. FELDMAN, Ph.D., Associate Director for Analysis
GAIL F. FISHER, Associate Director for the Cooperative Health Statistics System
ELIJAH L. WHITE, Associate Director for Data Systems
JAMES T. BAIRD, JR., Associate Director for International Statistics
ROBERT C. HUBER, Associate Director for Management
MONROE G. SIRKEN, Ph.D., Associate Director for Mathematical Statistics
PETER L. HURLEY, Associate Director for Operations
JAMES M. ROBEY, Ph.D., Associate Director for Program Development
PAUL E. LEAVERTON, Ph.D., Associate Director for Research
ALICE HAYWOOD, Information Officer
DIVISION OF HEALTH INTERVIEW STATISTICS
ROBERT R. FUCHSBERG, Director
PETER RIES, PhD., Chiej Illness and Disability Statistics Branch
ROBERT A. WRIGHT, Acting Chiej Utilization and Expenditure Statistics Branch
CLINTON E. BURNHAM, Chiej Survey Pkznning and Development Branch
COOPERATION OF THE U.S. BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
Under the legislation establishing the National Health Survey, the Public Health Service isauthorized to use, insofa as possible, the services or facilities of other Federal, State, or,privateagencies.
In accordance with specifications established by the National Center for Health Statistics,the Bureau of the Census, under a contractual arrangement, participated in planning the surveyand collecting the data.
Vital and Health Statistics-Series 10-No. 117
DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 77-1545Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 77-12489
CONTENTS
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
SourceandIimitations oftheData . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Health Insurance Coverage of the Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Insurance Covemge of Persons Under 65 Years of Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Demographic Characteristics . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5HospitalizationofInsuredandNot-Insured Persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Multiple Coverage, How Obtained, and Type of Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8ReasonsforNotHavingHospitalInsurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
I-istofDetailedTabIes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
AppendixesI. Technical Notes on Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32II. Definitions of Certain Terms Used in This Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441HI. Insurance Pages snd Card N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
FIGURE .
1. Percent of~momrepofig hospiti im-cecovem&, bya&:Utited States, selectedye~ . . 5
LIST OF TEXT TABLES
A. Number andpcrcent d~tribution of persons byhospital in.wsrancecoverage,acc ordingtosex andage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
B. Number and percent distribution of persons by surgical insurance coverage, according to sex andage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
C. Hospital insurance coverage of persons 65 years and over, by source of insurance: Unitedstates,1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
D. Percent of persons under 65 years of age with private hospital insurance, by selectedclqra@eristics: United States, selected years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
...IN
SYMBOLS
Data not available --------------------------------------- ---
Category
Quantity
Quantity
not applicable ------------------------------ . . .
zero --------------------------------------------- -
more than Obut less than 0.05---- 0.0
Figure does not meet standards ofreliabilityy or precision ---------------------------- *
HOSPITAL AND SURGICAL INSURANCE COVERAGE
Charles S. Wilder, Division of Health Interview Statistics
INTRODUCTION
In 1974 the questionnaire for the HealthInterview Survey (HIS) included an inquiry intothe private health insurance coverage of allpersons in the civilian noninstitutionalized pop-ulation of the United States. Also included werequestions about Medicare (as administered bythe Social Security Administration) coverage ofpersons 65 years and over in the population.Information was obtained about the number ofprivate health insurance plans carried, the typeof insuring organization, and how the plan wasobtained (whether through a group or an indi-vidual policy). Persons reporting no hospitalinsurance were asked why they had no healthinsurance coverage.
An estimated 79.7 percent of persons of allages reported hospital insurance coverage and78.1 percent reported surgical insurance cov-erage in 1974 (tables A and B). About 77.8percent of persons under 65 years of age hadprivate hospital insurance and 76.3 percent hadsurgicaI insurance. (Health insurance status wasnot reported for 2.1 percent of persons under 65years of age.) Among persons 65 years and over,96.7 percent had hospital insurance and 94.2percent had surgicaI insurance. An estimated39.0 percent of persons 65 years and over hadMedicare hospital insurance alone, 53.8 percenthad both Medicare and private hospital insur-ance, and 3.8 percent had private insurancealone (table C).
Because almost all persons aged 65 years andover are covered by health insurance throughMedicare or a private health insurance plan, the
primary emphasis of this report is on the privatehealth insurance status of persons under 65years of age. Tables 1-12 show variations inhealth insurance coverage by demographic char-acteristics of persons under 65 years of age. Forinstance, as fa.n-dy income or education of thehead of the family increases, the percent withhealth insurance coverage also increases. Tables13 and 14 show the use of short-stay hospital byinsurance coverage.
An estimated 13.0 percent of persons under65 years of age had more than one hospitalinsurance plan (table 15). About 90.4 percentof persons with hospital insurance obtainedinsurance through a group enrollment (table 16).About 44.5 percent of persons under 65 yearswith hospital insurance were covered under aBlue Cross or Blue Shield plan (tables 17 and18). An estimated 2.7 percent of persons cov-ered by private hospital insurance belonged toprepaid group practice plans.’
Of the 37.5 million persons under age 65years who had no private hospital insurancecoverage (20. 1 percent of this population),about 40.2 percent reported that they could notafford insurance and 31.9 percent said that someother type of aid was available to pay forhospitalization (table 19).
Earlier reports presenting estimates of healthinsurance coverage from the Health Interview
‘In 1975 a supplement to the Health InterviewSurvey questionnaire was used to obtain information onhealth insurance coverage under health maintenanceorganizations (HMO) or prepaid group practice. Anestimated 6,124,000 persons under 65 years of age werereported to belong to either type of plan.
1
Table A. Number and percent distribution of persons bv hospital insurance coverage,l according to sex and age: United States, 1974
Sex and age
Both sexes
All ages . ... . .. .... .. . .. ... . .... . . ..... . .. .. .. .. ... .. . .... . .. ..
Under 65 Vears . .. .. ... .. .. ... .. . .... . . .. .. .. . .... .. .. .. .. . ... .. . ... .. .. ..65 years and over .... . ... .... .. .... . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... . ... .. . .. ... . ...
Male
All ages ... . ... .. .. .. ... . .. .... . . .... .. .. ... .. . .... .. . .. ... .... . . ...
Under 65 years .. ... ... . ... ... . .. .... . .. ... .. . .... . .. .. ... ..... . . .... .. ...65 years and over .... . ... .... . .. ... . .. ... . ... ... . .. ... . . .... . .. .... .. . ..
Female
All ages ... .. . ... . .... ... . .. .... . . .. .. .. ..... . .. ... . .. ... . .. .... . . ..
Under 65years ... .. ... . ... .... .. .... . .. ... . .. ... ... . ... .. .. .. .. . ... ... . ..65 years and over .. .. .. .. .... .. . ... . ... .. .. . .... .. . ... .. . ... .. . ... ... . ..
Number of persons in thousands Percent distribution
207,344
7T
165,209
186,603 145,15920,741 20,049
37,936
37,498438
17,728
17,556173
20,208
4,199
3,945254
1,928
100.0
~
100.0100.0
100.0
79.7~
77.896.7
80.3
18.3 I 2.0
~
17.7 1.9
19.2 2.02.0 1.1
18.8 2.1
T100,030 80,373
91,452 72,0638,578 8,310
1,83396
2,271
100.0100.0
100.0
78.896.9
79.1107,31411 84,836
19,943265
2,112158
100.0100.0
76.896.5
21.0 2.22.2 1.3
llnc]udes private insurance fOr persons Of a]l ages and Social Security Medicare coverage Of Persons 65 Yea~ and Over.
Table B. Number and percent distribution of persons by surgical insurance coverage,l according to sex and age: United States, 1974
TotalSex and age Not in- U n-popula- Insured
tionsured known
Both sexes I Number of persons in thousands Percent distribution
100.0 78.1
76.394.2 (
78.7
19.7 2.2All ages .. .. .... .. .. ... . .. .... . . ... . .. . ... .. . .... ... .. .. .. ... .. 207,344 161,880 40,889 4,575
40,308581
19,174
2.13.0
Under 65 years .. .. .. . . ..... . . ... . .. ... .. . .... . ... ... . .. .... .. ... . .. .. .. ..65 years and over ... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .... .. ... ... .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .
186,60320,741
142,35019,530
78,765
3,945630
2,090
100.0100.0
100.0
21.62.8
Male
All ages .. .. ... . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... . .... .. . ... .. . ... .. .. .. ... . .... . 100,030 19.2 2.1
Under 65 years ... .... .. ... . .. . ... . .. .... . .. .. .. .. ... . .. .... . . ... .. .. ... . . 91,45265 years and over ... .. .. . .. .. ... .. .. ... . . .... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. .. .. ... . . 8,578
70,667
8,099
83,115
18,952222
21,714
1,833257
2,485
100.0100.0
100.0
77.394.4
77.5
20.7
2.62.0
3.0
Female I2.3All ages .. .. .. ... . ... .. . ... . ... ... .. . ... ... .... .. .... .. . ... .. .. .. .. . I 107,314 20.2
Under 65 years .. .... .. .... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .... .. .. .... .. ... .. . ... .. . .... . . 95,15165 years and over . .. . .... .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. . ... .. .... .. .. ... .. 12,163
71,68311,432
21,356358
2,112373
100.0100.0
75.394.0
22.4 2.22.9 3.1
lIncludes ~rjvate insurance for persons of al] ages and Social Security Medicare-Part B coverage of Persons 65 Years and over.
2
Table C. Hospital insurance coverage of persons 65 years andover, by source of insurance: United States, 1974
NumberPer-
of per-[nsurance status sons in
cent
thou-Of
sandstotal
Persons 65 years and over . . .. ... . .
With hospital insurance . .. . ... . .. ... . . .... .. . ... . .. .Medicare . ... .. . .... . . .... . .. ... ... ... . .. .... . . ... .. .. .Private hospital insurance .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Medicare alone .. .... . . ... .. . ... .. . .... .. . ... . .. ...Medicare and private hospital
insurance ... .. .. ... .. . ... .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Private hospital insurance alone ... . .. ... . .
Not covered by hospital insurance . ... . ... .. . .
Unknown if covered .... . . .... .. .. .. .. . ... .. . .. ... .. .
I 20,741 I 100.0
20,049 96.719,251 92.8
11,960 57.7
8,089 39.0
11,161 53.8798 3.8
438 2.1
b-b
Survey are Series 10, Numbers 11, 16, 42, and66. Supplements to the Monthly Vital StatisticsReport presented insurance data for July-December 1967, 1968, 1970, and 1974 (Vol.18, NOS. 3 and 11; Vol. 21, No. 9; T701, 25, No.2).
SOURCE AND LIMITATIONSOF TH E DATA
The estimates presented in this report werederived from responses to household interviewsconducted each week in a continuing nationwidesurvey of the civilian noninstitutionalized pop-ulation. Each week a probability sample ofhouseholds was interviewed by trained personnelof the U.S. Bureau of the Census to obtaininformation about the health and other charac-teristics of the target population. During 1974the sample was composed of approximately40,000 households containing about 116,000persons living at the time of the interview.
A description of the design of the survey,the methods used in estimation, and generalqualifications of the data obtained from thissurvey is presented in appendix I. Since theestimates show in this report are based on asample of the population, they are subject tosampling error. Therefore, particular attention
should be paid to the section entitled “Reliabil-ity of Estimates.” $ampling errors for most ofthe estimates are of relatively low magnitude.Ho\vever, where an estimated number or thenumerator or denominator of a rate or per-centage is small, the sampling error may be high.Charts of relative sampling errors and instruc-tions for their use are shown in appendix I.
Certain terms used in this publication aredefined in appendix II. For purposes of thisreport, health insurance is defined as any planspecifically designed to pay all or part of themedical or hospital expenses of the insuredindividual. The following types of programs arespecifically excluded from the health insurancedata presented: (1) plans limited to the “dreaddiseases” such as cancer and polio; (2) free caresuch as public assistance or public welfare,Medicaid, care given under the uniformed serv-ices dependents medical care program, care givenunder the Crippled Children Program or similarprograms, and care of persons admitted t~ ahospital for research purposes; (3) insurance thatpays bills only for accidental injury, such asliability insurance held by a property owner,insurance that covers children for accidents atcamp or shcool, and insurance for a worker thatcovers him only for job-related injuries ordiseases; and (4) insurance that pays only forloss of income.
The portions of the questimmairc used in1974 to obtain information about health insur-ance coverage or reasons for not ha~’ing in-surance are illustrated in appendix III. Theentire questionnaire is ihtrated in the CurrentEstimates report for 1974 (Series 10, No. 100).
HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGEOF THE POPULATION
In 1974 an estimated 165,209,000 personsin the civilian, noninstitutionali zed population,or 79.7 percent of the population, ~vercinsuredby some form of hospital insurance (table A).About 157,119,000 persons had prhate hospitalinsurance. This number TVaSobtained by addingthe 145,159,000 persons under 65 years of agewith private hospital insurance (table A) and the
3
11,960,000 persons aged 65 years and over withprivate hospital insurance (table C). Thus about75.8 percent of the population reported beingcovered by private hospital insurance in 1974.About 19,251,000 persons aged 65 years andover reported having hospital insurance underMedicare. The extent of duplication of coveragefor this age group is shown in table C–11,161,000 persons had both Medicare andprivate hospital insurance.
About 4,199,000 persons, or 2.0 percent ofthe population, did not report whether they hadany hospital insurance coverage. If it is assumedthat these persons have coverage to the sameextent as the persons with known coverage, thepercentage with coverage would rise from 79.7percent to 81.3 percent. Similarly, the estimateof 75.8 percent covered by a private hospitalinsurance plan wotdd rise to 77.4 percent. If thepersons with unknown coverage were distributedin this manner, the number of persons withprivate hospital insurance may have been about160,462,000.b
The question may be asked: “How does thisestimate compare with that from othersources?” The primary source of comparabledata on private hospital insurance is that fromthe Health Insurance Association of America(HIAA). For 1974 the number of personsprotected by hospital insurance was estimated tobe 171,760,000 persons of all ages–160,483,000 persons under 65 and 11,277,000persons aged 65 years and over.c
Using the estimate from the Health Inter-view Survey data of 160,462,000 protectedpersons, after distributing the unknowns, it isseen that the Health Interview Survey estimate is11,298,000 under that of the HIAA. If un-knowns for the two age groups are distributed
bThe report, “Private Health Insurance in 1974: AReview of Coverage, Enrollment, and Financial Expe-rience,” by M. S. Mueller and P. A. Piro in the SocialSecurity Bulletin, March 1976, pp. 3-20 uses provisionalestimates from the Health Interview Survey as one of itssources of data. Differences between percentages shownon page 20 of that paper and of those presented in thisreport result from changes made in the provisionalestimates after complete editing and processing of thehealth insurance records.
cSource Book of Health Insurance Data 1975-76,Health Insurance Institute, New York, p. 22.
for the Health Interview Survey data, the esti-mate for persons under 65 years of age is148,349,000 (79.5 percent of this population)and for those 65 years and over 12,113,000(58.4 percent). Thus the difference for personsunder 65 rises to 12,134,000. However, forpersons 65 years and over the HIS estimate is836,000 over that from HIAA.
The differences in these estimates from thetwo sources may be accounted for in severalways. HIAA makes an adjustment for multiplecoverage to arrive at the net coverage of personswith health insurance. It is possible that anunderestimate of multiple coverage may result inthe large discrepancy. For instance, in HIS data13.0 percent of the population under age 65 hadmultiple coverage. (Table 15 shows an estimateof 17,726,000 persons with two plans and1,096,000 with three plans or more.) Also, theremay be underreporting of coverage in. HIS,especially among persons under 65 years of age.It is quite possible for a household respcmdentto fail to report an insurance plan or to specifyincorrectly the persons covered under a plan.The reversal in estimates for persons aged 65years and over may result from an overreportingof private hospital insurance or an improperdistribution of unknowns. For instance, if noneof the unknowns were covered it would beimproper to assume that 58.4 percent hadprivate hospital insurance, and that the propor-tion should have been 57.7 percent as shown intable C.
Information on health insurance coverage(either private insurance or Medicare) wascollected in 1968, 1970, 1972, and 1974. :Figure1 shows the percent of persons reporting hospitalinsurance coverage for all ages, under age 65years, and age 65 years and over. Because dataon Medicare coverage was not collected forpersons under 65 years of age, the percents inthis age group represent private insurance alone.The figure shows that estimates from the foursurvey periods are quite similar. The lowerproportions for 1972 may have resulted from achange in collection procedure for that year thatwas more difficult for interviewers to follow andthat made it more difficult to process the data.It should be noted that the percents ofunknowns for all ages for the four time periodswere 1.3 percent for 1968, 1.1 for 1970, 0.6 for
4
—100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
lot —
o
79.8 79.578.5
All ages
79.7—
&
94,6
78,2
❑✎✌✌✌✎✎✎✎✎✎✎☞✌✌✚✎✎✌✎✚✎✎✎✌❞
Izz❑,.,,,.........,.,.~m
955
1968
1970
1972
1974
Under 65 wars
AGE
65 years and we,
—
Figure 1. Percent of persons reporting hospital insurance coverage, by age: United States, selected years
1972, and 2.0 for 1974. Thus if the unknownswere distributed in the same manner as were theknown cases, the estimates for the four timeperiods would be 80.8 percent for 1968, 80.3for 1970, 79.0 for 1972, and 81.3 for 1974.
INSURANCE COVERAGE OF PERSONSUNDER 65 YEARS OF AGE
Demographic Characteristics
In 1974 among persons under 65 years ofage, about 77.8 percent reported hospital insur-ance coverage, 20.1 percent reported no such
coverage, and 2.1 percent did not reportwhether or not they were covered (table 1).Persons under 25 years of age repo~ed low&percents of coverage than did older persons. Thesame pattern was present for hospital insurancecoverage in each of the 3 earlier yew-s whenhealth insurance information was collected inthe Health Interview Survey (table D). Malesreported a higher rate of hospital insurancecoverage than females had.
As family income rose, so did the percent ofpersons protected by hospital and surgical in-surance (table 2). When examining trends ofhospital insurance coverage shown in table D,the reader should keep in mind the effects of
5
*abte D. Percent of persons under 65 years of age with private hospital insurance, by selectad characteristics: L
Characteristic
All persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SeJ
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Femal e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Age—
Under17years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17.24vears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25.44Vears . . . . . . . . . . . .. <....8.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45-84vears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Color
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ .Another . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Family income
La$sthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .W,oti,w,w . . . .. d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$5,000-$6,968. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$7;000-!s9,899 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......,..........*$~Q,oo~$14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$15,0000r”mote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education of head of family
1.es*tfian9vears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .g-llveara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .412veats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13vearsormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marital status
Married . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .V’Jidowad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Separated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Divorced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nevermarried . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Usual activitv status
Usuallvworking (17-64vears). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Usuall$ keepinghouse (17.64vaara) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Retired M6.64vems) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Otherec/iity(17.64vaars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Currentemplovment status
Curremlvemploved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Currentfvunemplovad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notinlabotforce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Geographic region
Noike*t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...1.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NorthCeiitral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Swat h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .west . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Place of residence
AIISMSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .OuteidaSI#kA-nonfarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .OutsideSMSA-farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
:ed States, selected vears
1974 I 1972 I 197CI I 1966
77.8
78.876.6
73.872.481,982.3
80.957.7
37.241.059,876,287.891.8
62.470.181.387,9
64.769.149.163.572.2
84.773.366.170.5
85.364.070.1
81.883.672.573.0
19.374.375.0
Percant of persons
76.7
77.376.1
73.170.381.281.2
79.756.4
34.246.365.781.789.491.8
60.070.381.487.3
S3.569.147.762.270.0
83.673.558.267.2
83.960.970.0
81.182.171.371.9
78.673.867.4
77.8
78.776.g,
74.472.9181.981.6
80.459.9
39,353.174,5184.390.190.2
62.373.383.887.3
84.069.550.867.571.2
63.675.751.770.7
84.363.572.3
81.784.071.673.6
80.373.566.8
78.2
78.777.8
75.0744082.681.1
81.456.0
36.356.678.569.391.993.0
63.774.364.289,6
83.769.948.167.874.0
64.275.756.071.5
64.463.973.0
83.964.270.374.7
81.374.461.9
inflation on income groups and remember thatthe composition of the income groups haschanged radically since 1968. Changes in thepopulation probably account for the apparentdecline in proportions covered by insurance.
White persons had substantially higher ratesof insurance coverage than other persons had(table 3). When family income was also con-sidered, the differential between the colorgroups was relatively small for family incomes of$10,000 or more.
There is a direct relationship betweeneducational attainment of the head of the familyand health insurance coverage. As educationlevel rose, the percent of persons with healthinsurance rose correspondingly (table 4).Families headed by a college graduate, that is,one with 16 years or more of formal education,reported 91.2 percent of persons with hospitalinsurance contrasted with 62.4 percent forfamilies whose head had less than 9 years ofschooling.
Among persons 17-64 years of age, healthinsurance coverage was highest among marriedpersons and lowest among separated persons(table 5). Only about half (49.1 percent) of the2.8 miIlion separated persons in this age grouphad hospitzd insurance.
As might be expected, persons 17-64 yearsof age who were usually working reported highproportions of hospital and surgical in-surance-84. 7 percent and 83.0 percent, respec-tively (table 6). Among the usual activity statusgroups, persons who were not working, keepinghouse, or going to school reported the lowercoverage (46.6 percent). It is of great interestthat of persons aged 45-64 years who retired forhealth reasons only about half (50.3 percent)were covered by hospital insurance.
Persons living in the Northeast and NorthCentral Regions reported considerably higherpercents of health insurance coverage than didpersons residing in the South and West Regions(table 7). The proportion of persons carryinghealth insurance was somewhat higher for resi-dents of standard metropolitan statisticzd areas(SMSA’S) than that for persons living outsidethese axes (table 8). It is of interest that farmand nonfarm residents outside metropolitan
areas reported about the same level of insurancecoverage. Within SMSA’S, residents of centralcities had considerably less insurance coverage(72.7 percent) than residents outside centralcities had (84.2 percent).
A notable change occurred over time in theproportion of the farm population rep or@ghospital insurance coverage. In 1968 61.9 per-cent had this coverage; the proportion increasedto 75.0 percent in 1974 (tabIe D).
The currently empIoyed population hadsubstantially higher percents of health insurancecoverage than the unemployed group or personsnot in the labor force had (table 9). It is ofinterest that this pattern remained stable duringthe four time periods shown in table D eventhough unemployed rates began climbing in thelatter part of 1974.
Private paid workers and employees ofFederal, State, and local governments had higherrates of insurance coverage than self-employedand other workers had (table 10). There wassome variation in insurance coverage accordingto occupation and industry groups as shown intable 11. Farm laborers and farm foremenreported the lowest rate of coverage-abouthalf of 936,000 workers. Farmers and farmmanagers had much higher coverage than otherfarm labor had.
Table 12 shows that persons who wereunable to carry on the major activity of work-ing, keeping house, or going to school wererelatively less likely to be covered by healthinsurance. Persons limited in activity hadsomewhat lower proportions of insurance cov-erage than the not-limited group had.
Hospitalization of Insured andNot-Insured Persons
Information about hospitalization is col-lected in the Health Inten’iew Survey during theyear prior to interview. During 1974 about I.Q.Opercent of all persons under 65 years of ageexperienced at least one hospital episode ofinpatient care of one night or more in ashort-stay hospitaI during the year prior tointerview. The percent of persons with :ohe ormore short-stay hospital episodes during the
7
year prior to interview in 1974 was about thesame for persons with or without hospitalinsurance coverage at the time of interview(table 13). There was also relatively little var-iation in this finding by age and family incomelevel.
Although the rate of usage of short-stayhospitals for the insured and not-insured pop-ulations was about the same, the average numberof days of hospitalization during the year priorto interview was somewhat greater for thenot-insured population (table 14). For instance,among persons with annual family income under$3,000, the not-insured persons reported 14.6days of hospitalization compared to 8.5 daysreported by the insured group.
Multiple Coverage, How Obtained,and Type of Plan
During 1974 about 87.0 percent of personswith private hospital insurance reported carryingonly one plan (table 15). An estimated 12.2percent reported coverage under two plans, andabout 0.8 percent (about 1 million persons)were covered by three or more plans.Persons with an annual family income of$15,000 or more tended to have more multiplecoverage than persons with lower income had.There was some variation in multiple coverageby geographic region. Persons residing in theNorth Central and West Regions had lesserproportions of multiple coverage than residentsof the Northeast and South Regions had.
Respondents in the interview who reported ahealth insurance plan were asked: “Was this
plan obtained through an employer,union, or some other group?” Each affirmativeresponse was classified as a group plan and eachnegative response was classified as an individualplan, that is obtained directly by some familymember from an agent to insure that personhimself or the family.
An estimated 87.1 percent of persons withprivate hospital insurance had policies obtainedunder group coverage only, and 3.3 percent hadpolicies obtained under both group and indi-vidual plans (table 16). About 9.1 percent ofpersons carried individual plan only. There wasconsiderable variation by family income as tohow plans were obtained. Lower income groups
had a higher proportion of individual plans tliatIpersons with more income had. Persons living inthe South Region showed the lowest proportionof group coverage.
Tables 17 and 18 present information on thetype of hospital insurance carried in 1974. Anestimated 44.5 percent of persons under 65years of age with private hospital insurarice, hadBlue plans sponsored by the Blue Cross and BlueShield organizations. About 2.7 percent (about3,977,000 persons) reported a prepaid plan, thatis membership in a prepaid group practice plan.d
Blue Cross and Blue Shield coverage wasmuch more pronounced in the Northeast Region(about 62.9 percent of persons had a Blue Crossand Blue Shield plan) than elsewhere. BlueCross-Blue Shield coverage was lowest in theWest Region where about 28.4 percent ofpersons were covered.
An estimated 2.6 million persons in the! WestRegion had memberhip in a prepaid grouppractice. Thus about two-thirds (65. 1 percent] ofall persons reporting a prepaid plan resided inthe West Region.
Reasons for Not HavingHospital Insurance
Respondents in the health interview whowere not covered by health insuranc~ wereshown Card N (see appendix 111), and thefollowing statement was read to them: “Manypeople do not carry health insurance for variousreasons. Which of these statements describeswhy is not covered by any health insur-
‘AS mentioned in footnote a an estimated6,124,000 persons under 65 years of age belonged to ahealth maintenance organization (HMO) or a prepaidgroup practice in 1975. The article on private healthinsurance in 1974 in the Social Security Bulleti~ referiedto in footnote b showed that coverage under inde-pendent group practice prepayment plans in 1974 variedconsiderably by type of care provided. Hospital care wasprovided for 4,976,000 persons and physicians’ serviceswere provided in offices, clinics, or health centeis for6,174,000 persons. If this same relationship held for theapproximately 4 million persons with hospital insurance,about 4.9 million people in 1974 would have beencovered for physicians’ services. The information onHMO or prepaid plans collected in 1975 did not specifytype of care provided and are in line with the SocialSecurity Administration data for 1974.
8
ante plan? Any other reasons? What is the mainreason is not covered by any healthinsurance plan?” Table 19 shows the mainreason for not having private hospital insurancefor persons under 65 years of age. The primaryreason given by about two of each five personswas that they could not afford insurance. Whenthis segment of the population was examined byannual family income, a steady decline in theproportion giving this reason was noted asincome rose—about 47.8 percent of persons withan income less than $3,000 and about 20.6percent of persons with an income of $15,000
or more. The second leadkg reason for nothaving private hospital insurance was that someother type of aid was available-for example,Medicare available to certain persons under 65.Other public programs providing care are Med-icaid or welfae, Veterans Administration, andthe care provided dependents of uniformed serv-ices personnel. An estimated 10.5 percent ofpersons did not believe in insurance or reportedgood health as the reason for not havingcoverage. The proportion increased with rise infamily income so that 15.7 percent of persons inthe highest income group gave these reasons.
000
9
LIST OF DETAILED TABLES
1. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,
according tosexandage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,according to family income and age: United States, 1974.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,according tocolor, family income, andage: United Statesr 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,according coeducation of headof family andage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Number and percent distribution of persons 17-64 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, accordingtomarital status andage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,
according tousual activity status andage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,according togeographic region and age: United States, 1974..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,according toplace of residence and age: United States, 1974..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Number and percent distribution of persons 17-64 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, accordingtocurrant employ merit status and age: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. Number and percent distribution of currently employed persons 17-64 yeare of age by private hospital and surgical insurance
coverage, according toclass of worker andage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. Number and percent distribution of currently employed persons 17-64 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance
coverage, according to occupation and industry: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage,according to chronic activity limitation status and age: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . .
13. Number and percent of persons under 65 years of age with short-stay hospital episodes in past year, by private hospitalinsurance status, family income, andage: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14. Number of persons under 65 years of age with one or more short-stay hospital episodes in past year, number of short-stayhospital days associated with these episodes, and average number of days per person with an episode, by private hospitalinsurance status, family income, andage: United States, 1974.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of ;ge with private hospital insurance by number of insuranceplans, according to geographic region and family income: United Statesr 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age with private hospital insurance by how pIan was obtained,according to geographic region and family income: United States, 1974. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17. Number of persons under 65 years of aga with private hospital insurance, by type of plan, geographic region, and familyincome: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
10
18. Percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age with private hospital insurance by type of plan, according togeographic region and femily income: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
19. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age with no private hospital insurance by reason for having no
coverage, according to family income and age: United States, 1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Table 1. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, according to sex and age: United States, 1974
[ Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalimd population. The survey deare given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are
:n, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimatesven in appendix 111]
TotalHospital insurance Surgical insurance
pOpula- Not in-tion Insured
un- Not in-Insured
Un-sured known wred known
Number of persons in thousands
45,159186,603 37,498 3,945 142,350 40,308 3,945
62,95729,56451,21842,864
91,452
46,48221,41541,66735,295
72,063
15,0457,4208,2816,752
17,556
1,431729969817
1,833
45,81420,84041,23034,466
70,667
15,7127,9959,0197,581
18,952
1,431729969817
1,833
32,08014,25424,69920,420
95,151
23,S3710,42020,71117,096
73,086
7,5263,4673,5603,002
19,943
716367428322
2,112
23,51010,10420,33616,716
71,683
7,6533,7833,9353,362
21,356
716367428322
2,112
30,87815,31026,51922,444
100.0
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
22,64510,89521,25718,199
7,5193,9534,7213,749
715362641495
22,30410,73620,69317,749
7,8594,2125,0854,200
715362541495
Percent distribution
2.1_
2.32,51.91.9
2,0
2.1
T77.8 20.1
73.8 23.972.4 25.181.9 16.282.3 15,8
76.3 I 21.13
72.870.580.580.4
25,027,017.617,7
2.32,51.91.9
78.6 I 19.2 77.3 20.7 2.0
2.22.61.71.6
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100<0100.0100.0100.0
74.373.163.983.7
23.524.314.414.7
2.22,61.71.6
2.2
2.32.42.02.2
73.370.982.381.9
24,526.615.916.6
* *
2.2
2.32.42.02.2
71.880.281.1
25.817.616.7
70.178.879.1
27,!i19;218,7
NOTE: For official pop”lrdio” estimates for m ore general use, see U.S. B“rea” of the Census reports ““ the civilian pqwlati”” of the United Spates i“ currenf PopulationReports, Series P.20, P.2s, and P.60.
The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates shown i“ this table are found cmpages38 md 39.
12
Table 2. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, according to family lncmne and age: United States,1974
[ Data ze based on household interviews of the civilian, mminstitutionaliz.edare given in appendix
relation. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimatesdefinitions of terms are given in appendix 111]
=
Family income and age
,. All incomez2. .
All ages under 65 years ........... ...... .. ..... ... ... .. ... ...... .. ...... .. ... ... ........ ..
II I I I
Number of persons in thousands Percent distribution
5%IE3?.498
15,0457,4208,2816,752
6,435
142,3511
45,81420,84041,23034,466
3,725
40,3fx=
15,71:7,99!9,01:7,58<
6,66$
100.C
100.CIOo.c100.0100,C
100.0
77,8-
73.672.481.982.3
37.2
20.1=
23,925,116.215.8
60.5
76,3=
72.870.580.580.4
35,0
21,6
=
25.027.017.617.7
62,7
29;564 21;41561,218 41,96742,864 35,295
10,643 l) 3,958
3,1403,0461,7252,731
7171,693
5101,038
2,3491,2461,1851,666
7,422
6841,603
486971
5,056
2,38:1,3361,22E1,72:
7,67C
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100,0
22.855.629.636.o
41,0
74.640,968.760.6
57.3
21.852.627.o35,6
39.1
75.943.971.263.1
59,312,842 6,304
4,603 1,2662,592 1,1742,570 1,0143,177 1,850
17,071 10,213
3,2537,3781,5131,277
6,479
1,2161,108
9661,766
9,889
3,3041,4m1,5611,361
6,824
26.442.737.655.6
57.8.
48.257.859.571.2
74.7
100.010Q.O100.0100.0
100.0
27,545.339.558.2
59,8—
49,660.361.573.6
76.2—
71.073.278,583.9
8?.8
70.753.258.940,2
38.0
71.855.760.742.8
40.0
49,240,438.326.8
23.5
27.927,021.216,8
11.9
—6,084 3,0293,240 1,9543,899 2,3973,S49 2,833
2.8961,2271,418
938
5,500
2,2921,0841,365
779
5,115
2,9341,8742,3202.741
18,695
5,9683,0C45,3264397
42,544
2,9911,30e1,4951,03C
5.881
2,3731,1351,467
9C6
5,865
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
47.637.936.424,4
22.025,037
8,5194,2056,9185,394
19,077
6.046 100.0100.0100.010Q.O
100,0
26.925,319.714.4
10,4
70.171.477,081.5
86,3
3;0765,4284,524
49,293 II 43,294
17,512 15,3366,590 5,38615,29613,774
9,796 8,796
1,9561,cEi71,264
827
3,617
2,1921,1661,5031,003
4,4S4— .—
1,4291,0451,152
858
15,1025,287
13,5348,621
55,c130
100,0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
87.181.780.088.8
91.8
11.1
16.28.38.4
6.3
85,7f$J.288,588.0
90.7
12.417.79.8
10.2
7.460,696 II 55,727
L19,621 17,922
8,315 7,18018,228 16,98314,533 13,643
1,266923964584
17,7597,058
16,79413,449
100,010+2.0100.0100.0
91.386.393.293.9
6,511.1
5.34.6
90.584.992.192.5
7.312.66.35.9
llncl”des persons of m>k”cwn insurance statm.‘Includes unknown income.
NOTE: For official population estimates for more gemral use, see U,S. Bureau of the Cemm reports o“ the civilian population of the United States i“ Current PopulationReports, Series P.20, P-25, and P-60.
The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates shown in this table are found m pa~es 38 and 39.
13
Table 3, Number and percent dist nb.?ion of permm under 65 years of age bv prwate hc.spilal and surgical insurance coverage, according to color, family income, and age: Unixed States, 1974,
lDBta me bawl on Iw.seh.ld inwrvwvs of the civi!iu., “x,ninstit.tionalized populali.”. The survey design. general qualifications. and information O. the reliability of the estimates are given inamxndix !. I)efiniti”m of terms are Riven in acmmdix 11[ I
Color, (am4y ,.cmw, and age
WHITE
All t“come,2
Number of persons in thousands
All ages u”de<65 years ,,...,,,,..,, . 161,65$ 30,89E 27,788 128.566
40,94218,73137,09031,803
6,907
30,1 1;
10,891
6,1 5!7,06C6,01[
8,977
100,0
100.0100,0100,0100.0
100,0
80.9
=
78.375.583.884.4
17.2
=
19.622.214.413.8
53,5
79,4
=
77.373,582,582,6
42.7
18.6
=
20.624.215.715.6
55.5
52,94:25,46f44,93f38,51 !
16,18E
41 ,48C19,22S37,67C32.516
7,21E
10,3535,6566,4805,298
8,667
Less rhan S5,000
All aySu”der65”ears ,,,...,.,,,,,.,,,...,,..,,, ..,,, ., ,,, ,,, .,, .,..,,,., ,,, ,.,
4,416
4,345
2.931
1,3382,4421,104
2,334
26,231
2,884
1,7911,764
2,m8
9,336
1,300
2,3091,0632,235
24,632
3,0311,9241,8242,197
8,936
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
30.356.237.7
51.9
71,7
67,841,2
60.946.7
26.5
29.4
53.136.349.7
70.0
68.644,362,248,9
28.2
$5,000, S8,989
All ages under 65 y’,.,, . . . . . . . . 35,193
11,683
6,2929,0688,151
101,562
7,5864,409
6,6226,615
91,923
3,8461,8022,2941,396
7,876
7,4524,265
6,4646,421
90,662
3,9791,9362,4321,589
9,146
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100,0
64.970.173.081.2
90.6
32.928.625,317.1
7.8
63.867.971.578.8
89,3.—
88.883.8
90.691.1
55.7=
48.6
51.565,9161.2
25,3
34.130.826.818.5
9.0
9.314.1
7,77.3
41.2
-
48.144.931.236.1
72.5
$10,000 ormoreAll ages ““de, 65 “ears .,,..,,,,,,,,,..,.,.,.,,...,.,..,.,.,,,.,,,, ,.,,,.,..,...,, . . .
— —34,23613,6fX30,81022,811
24.744
30,75311,58928,355
21,225
14.265
2,8331,719
1,9801,334
9,710=
4,692
1.7641,8o11,454
5,190
30,39911,39827,97820,S79
13,783
4,872
z,lm4,1402,662
1,873
3,1681,912
2,3671,679
10,192.
4,821
1,8401,9591,571
5,362
100,0100.0100.0100,0
100.0
100.0100.0100,0100,0
100,0
89.8
85.292.092,6
57.7=
48,9
53.368.463.8
27.6
8.3
12,6
6.55.8
39.3=
46.843,028.733.4
70.2
10,015
4,0986,2824,349
7,387
5,0022,1864,2982,779
2,045
3,3281,2931,364
1,412
6,915
646426
420
554
4,059
2,609
E
836
2,642
600402
369
502
3,832
2,655856
965886
2,769
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
19.432.9
30.6
39.2
58.7
78.464.367.0
59.1
38.2
18.o31.1
27.135.6
56.9
79.866.2
70.7
62.7
40.0
2,9201,1531,7481.092
8,428
1,491
6211,203
743
7,098
1,343489489322
1,056
1,4EU603
1,163717
6S152
1,384507530346
1,202
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
51.153.968.868.0
84.2
46.042.428.029.5
12.5
49.752.366.665.7
82,5
47.444.030.331.9
14.3
2,9971,2892,7151.418
2,506977
2,4011,214
388271238168
2,462949
2,3601,191
433299269181
100,0100.0100.0100.0
62.675.2B8.4B5.6
13.020.9
8.811.1
82.173.166.684.0
14.433.010.612.8
NOTL: l;cx Official p.pu!atkm estimates f.r more general .s.., see U.S. B.rea” of the Cemw reports 0“ the civilti” pop.l, tie” of the United States in Cum.nY Popul.tlon Report., Series P.20,1].25, and 1>.60,
The apprwiirnute relative standard errors of [h. estimates shown in this t.hk .re found on pages 3B and 39.
14
Table 4. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, accord,ng to education of head of family and age:United States, 1974
[Data me based Qn household interviews of the civilian, noninstitutiondizcd population. The sutvey design, general qualifications, and in furrmttion cm the reliability of the estimateswe given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms me xiven in auoendix 1111
I Hospital insurance Surgical insurance II Hospital
I
Surg,cal
Tot?tinsurance Insurance
POPI
“ion’ ]] s~;d ) ~~& I wr
Education of head of family and age
It I I 1
Number of persons in thousands Percent distributmnAll education groups2
Allages under 65vears .... .. .. .. .. ...... .. ...... ..... ...... .. ...... .. ...... .. ...... .. ... .. 37,498 ===P=- 100.0 77.8
100.0 73.8100.0 72.4100.0 81.9100.0 82.3
100.0 62.4
100.0 54.1100.0 54.2100.0 65.4100.0 71.2
100.0 70,1
100.0 62.7100.0 63.4100.0 74.2100.0 82.3
100.0 81,3
103.0 78.2100.0 75.7100.0 83.910Q,O S7 .6
100.0 84,2
1C4).O 84,1100,0 79.1100.0 66.3100,0 85.7
100.0 91.2
100.0 90.9100.0 87,810Q.O 91.9lW,O 92.5
186,603 145,159 20.1 76.3 21.6. __23.925.116.215,8
35.4
72.870.580.580.4
60.7—
53.052.563.568.9
68.8—
61,862.o72.880.4
79,8
25,027,017.617.7
37.1
44,944.534.529.0
26.7
35.235.524.917.9
18,3
62,95729,55457,21842,864
33,775
46,48221,41541,96735,295
21.092
15,0457.4208,2816,752
11,944
45,814 15,71220,840 7,99541,230 9,01934.466 7.581
Less than 9 years
Allage$ under 65vears .... ........ ... .. ... .. ... ...... .. ... ... .. ... .. ... ... ... .. ..... ...... 20,499 ] 12,536
10,6224,4576,598
12,098
31,769
5,7512,4154,3158,611
22,283
4,6481,9092,1543,233
8,708
5.631 I 4.768 43.842.832.626.7
27.4
34.334.023,616,0
16.8
2;341 1.8834,192 2,2778,336 3,509
9-11 vears
Allages under 65vears .... .. ...... ... .. ...... .. ..... ... ... ........ ..... ... ........ .. ... ...
11,6405,0807,6727,376
63,194
21,98610,42317.88412,901
26,258
8,2865,5017,9884,485
29.578
7,3013,2235,6906,059
51,393
17,1977,895
15,00411,297
22.106
3,8971,7261,8051,179
10,604
4,3552,3072,5691,373
3,666
1,1721.010
961623
2,o26
7,197 4,1003,148 1.8015,583 1,9125.931 1.317
12 vearz
Allages under 65vears ... ...... .. ...... .. ..... ... ...... .. ...... ..... ... ... ..... ........ ...
T50,443 11,554
16.945 4,6087,664 2.537
14,755 2.81811,079 1,590
19.822.114.410,6
14.0—
14.118.412.011.7
6.8
77.173.582.585.9
82,8—
83.376,985,2S4.8
89.7
21.024.315,612.3
15,3
15.020.613.113,6
8.3
13-75 years
All agesunder 65 years ... .. ......... ..... ... .. ..... ........ ... ...... .. ... .. ......... ..... . 21.7451 4,027
6,9714,3536,8953.887
26,971
6,904 1,2394,231 1,1326,806 1,0483,802 606
16 years or more
All ages under 65 years ....... ... ..... ... ...... .. .... .... ...... .. ...... .. ... .. ... ...... .. .. 26,540 2,457
9.7173,825
10,6185,419
8,8343,3599,7635,015
540396677313
8.720 t 753 6.610.46.45.8
89.785.190,690.6
7,712,1
7,87.7
3;293 4619,615 8264,911 417
Ilncludes persons of ““known insurance status.21ncl”des unknown education.
NOTE: Far officittl population estimates for more general use, see u.S. Bureau of the Census reports(m the civilian papulatiun ,!f the Unittd St!tes in CIIrrcII: P~,pulutiouReports, Series P.20, P.2S, md P-60.
TheapprOximate relative standard crrorsof theestimates shown intllis tnhle are found o“psges38md 39.
15
Table 5, Number and percent distribution of persons 17-64 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, according to marital status and age: United States, 1974
Data we based on household interviews of the civilian, noninstituticmalizedpoare given in appendix I. !
aticm. Thesuw.ay design, general Qualification%.nnd information on therelinbilityof tlhe estimatesinlticms ofterms are E{ven-in appehdix III] .
a
Hospital Surgical
Totalinsurance insurance
pOpu- Not Notation 1 In. ln-
in- in-sured surcd sured sured
Marital status and age
All marital statuses
AH ages 17.64 years .......... .. ..... ... ...... ... .. ........ ... ... ...... ... .. ... .. ......... .. ..... 123.64S 38.676 22.453 98,636
20,84041,23034,466
70,892
24,596_
7,9958,0197,581
12,613
100,0-
100,0100.0100,0
100.0
79.6=
72.481.982.3
64.7
18.2 78.1
25.1 702516.2 80.!515.8 80.4
13.5 83.2
24.7 71.912.2 64.711.8 64.5
36.1 59.8
53.5 42.338.8 57.631.8 63.7
28.7 68.2
. .
35.5 60.327.6 67.2
49.3 47,0
60.2 35.746.2 47.746.4 50.4
34.8 61.7
46,3 48.534,6 62.032,3 63.8
24.8 70.1
24.0 71.026.4 68.028.3 68.5
19.9
27.017.617.7
29,66451,21842,864
85,228
21,415)1,96715,295
?2,198
7,4208,2816,752
11,508
Married
Allages17-64 years ..... .. .... .. ..... ... ..... ... ...... ..... ... ..... ...... ... ........ .. ... ... .... 15.0
9,83141,31634,o81
12.427
7,24115,554?9,403
7,706
2,4245,0514,033
4,490
7,06935,01028,812
7,428
2,5965,5944,623
4,768
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
73.786.186.3
62.0
26.413.513.6
Formerlv married
AH ages 17.64 years ..... ..... ......... ... ... ........ .. .... ..... ... ........ ... .. ...... ... .. ...... 38.4
54.940,534.6
—858
4,9436,627
3,s54
3742,8264,406
2,734
459T,9202,110
1,134
3632,8454,220
2,617
4712,0022,286
1,251
100,0100.0100.0
100!0
43.659.266.5
69.1
Widowed
Allages17.64 years .. ........ ... ... ...... ... ... .. ...... .. ...... ... ..... ......... .. ... ...... ... .. ..... 31.6
.
37.330.8 .
—.
4593,467
2,809
.285
2,438
1,378
.163958
1,3b5
.277
2,329
1,319
.171
1,067
1,444
100,0100.0100.0
100.0
.62.170.3
49,1
Separated
Allages17-64 years ......... ... ... ........ .. ...... .. ... ... ...... .. ... ..... .... .. .... .. .. ...... ...... . 51.4
3921,479
937
5,664
146742489
3,584
236713435
1,971
140706472
3,492
242749453
2,074
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
37.250.252.2
63.5
61.750.648.3
Divorced
Allages17-S4 years .... .. .... ..... ... .. ...... .. .... .. ...... ... ... .. ........ ... ... ...... .. ......... .. . 36,6
49.436.034.9
4373,0042,223
26,990
2171,6891.478
8,773
2111,044
717
6,456
2121,S611,419
18,215
2161,081
776
7,014
49.763.26+3.6
72.2
Never married
All ages 17-64 years ........ ... .. ...... .. ......... ... .. ... ......... .. ......... ... .. ... .. .... .. ... 27.0—
18,S754,9592.155
3,6003,4871.467
4,5361211
609
13,4083,3741,434
4,9291,424
662
100.0100,0100,0
73,170.369.0
26.126.730.7-
llncludes persons ofu”k”own insurance status,
NOTE: FcJr official population estimates fwm.we general use, see U.S. t)ureau of the Ccn$.usreports on the civilian population of the United Statwi” CwrentPopulof ionReporrs, Series P.20, P.2S, and P.60.
The approximate relative skmdmd errors of the estimates shown in this table are found m pages38 and 39.
e16
Table6. Numbwand !aercent dktribution of!aersons under 65vearsof rnebvprivate howital and surgical insurance coverage. =ording tousual activiw status andage:llnitedSlates, 1974
I DnPa are based wt household interviews of the civilian, noninstimtionallmd Iare sivm in appendix 1
mlati.an. Thenxvey design, general qualifications, andinfwmaticm cm theretiabtlity of the estimatesDefinitions M terms are Siven i“ appendix 111]
= *
Lhual activity status and ●go
All 6ctivities
Alla~stmder66 years .. ... ....... ...... ... .. ..... ... ... ..... ... ... .. ...... .. ... ...... ....
Under 17years . ... ... ... ... ... .. ...... ... ........ .. ... .. ......... ..... ... .. ... ... ... ..... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ...17-24 years .. ... .. ...... ... .. ... ...... .. ...... .... .... ... ... ........ ..... ... .. ..... ... ...... ........ .. ... .. ... ...2544 years .......... ... ........... .. ... ...... ... ....... ... ..... ......... .. ........ ...... .. ...... .. ...... ... .. .. .45.s4 years ....... .. .... ..... .. ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ... .. ..... ......... ........ .. ...... .. ...... .. ...... .. ... ... .. .
Preschool
Under 6yaars .. .. ............ .. ...... .. ... ...... .. ... ... .. ... ...... .. ... ... .. ..... ........ ..... ... ... .. ...... ..
School-age
S.16 years ......... ... ... ... .. ... ... ...... ... ..... .. ...... .. ... ..... ...... .. ... ... .. ...... .. ..... ... ...... .. ......
Usually working
All 6ges 17-84 years ........ .. ...... .. ... ... .. ..... ......... .. ... ... .. ... ..... ... ... .. .. ... ..
17-24 yearn ... ... .. ... ... ... .. ............ .. ...... .. ...... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ... .. ......... ..... ... .. .. ...2544 years .. ... ......... .......... ... ......... ... .. ... .. ...... .. ........ ...... ....... ... ... ... .. ...... ........ ..4564 vears .. ...... ...... ... .. ...... .. ... ...... .. ... ...... .. ... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ...
Usually keeping house (female)
All 8.J.2S 17.64 years .. .... ..... .. ... ... ... .. ...... .. .. .... ....... ..... ... ...... .. ...... .. ....
17-24 years ... ... ... ..... .... .. ...... .. ...... .. ... ... ... .. ..... ... ...... ....... ........... ... .. ...... .. ... ... ... .25-44 years ... .. ... ...... .. ... ... ... ... ... .. ........ ... ...... .. ... .. ... .. ... ......... .... ... ... ...... .. ...... .. ..45-64 years .. ... ... .. ... ...... .. .... .. ...... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ... ...... ... .. ...... ........ .. ...... .. .....
Retired-health reasons
45.64 years ... ... ...... .. ... ... ...... .. ........ .......... .. .. .. ... ... ...... ........ ........ .. ... ..... ............
Retired-other
45.64 years ....... .... .. ...... ..... ......... .. ...... .. ...... .. ......... ..... .. .... .. ...... .. ...... .. ...... ... ....
Going to school
Number of persons in thousands Percent distribution
1S6.603 37.496 142.350 40.30s 100.0 77.8-
73.872.481.982.3
70.9
20.1=
23.926.116.215.8
27.0
76.3-
72.870.580.5SO.4
69.8
21.8-
25.027.017.617.7
28.1
45.159
62,95729,56451,21842,S64
46.48221,41541.96735,295
14,026
32,455
65,227
10,54030,31724,371
21,554
15,0467.42o82818,752
5,336
9,709
10,281
3,2814,3662,633
7,247
45,81420,s4041,23034,466
13,806
32,006
15,7127.9959,0197,681
5,557
10,1%
100,0100,0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0
19,783
43,174 75.2 22.5 74.1 23.5
77,o29 63,900
10,24729.80223,851
21,0W
11,608
3,5734,8873,153
7,736
100.0
lCQ.O100.0100.0
lW.O
S4,7—74.285.866.7
73.3
13.3—23.112.4
9.6
24.7
83.0
72.1S4.386.8
71.7
15.1
x13.811.6
26.3
14,20335.34827,477
29,392
3.66913,85011,873
1,478
1,S9410,620
8,935
744
1,5(YJ2,9662,6s1
705
1,94810,419
8,695
696
1,64S3,1s72,902
751
100.0‘300.0100.0
100.0
54.376.775.3
50.3—
78.2—
78,0
43.621.622.4
47.7
63.076.273.2
47.2
44.923.024.4
50.8
796 622 160 612
8,634
170
2.460
100.0
100.0
20,1—
19.6
77.0—
76.0
21,4.—
21.611,363 8,S63 2,231
10,482804
77
8,249555
59
1,673
1,9ss224
.
1,S29
8,034543
57
1,831
2,203237
.
1,871
lCO.OlWLO102,0
lW.O
78.759.076.6
46.6
19.027,9
●
51.0
76.667.574.0
45.4
21.029.6
.
52.13.589-
1,2101,2161,164
632476%5
552705573
613
5s3
5717145a6
100.0lW.Olm,o
52.239.146.5
45.6=.049.2
50.738.347.5
4725s.750.3
lInchtdes persons of unknown insmsnce status.
NOTE: For of ficisl population estimates fmmme general use, see U.S. Burea”of the Ccnsusreportscm the civilian pop”lation~f the United SVatesin Current Puplat/orzReports, Series P.20, P-25, and P.60.
Theapproximate retstive standard emorsofthe estimates shown inthktablearefound onpzzes3Sand39.
“17
Table 7. Number andpercent distribution ofpersons under 65vears ofageby private hospital andsurgical insurance coverage, according togeographic region and age: United States.1974
lData me bawd on household intewiews of thecivilinn. noninstitutionalized nuPulation. Thesumey design. zeneral uualifications, andinf()rmation onthereliubility of the estimatesareciven in ar)oendix 1; ~cfinitionsof term; arc e&-in aooendixllll,,
Hosoital insurance Surqical insurance
Geographic region and age
All regions
Allages under 65 years .. .. . . .. . . . .. . . . . . ..... . . . ..
N“mberof persomin thousands Percent distribution
186,603 145,159 37,498 142,350 77.8.
73.872.481.982.3
81.8—
78.076,184.687,3
83,6—
80.679,987.086.9
72,5—
67.667.478,476.3
73.0—
69.464.677,478.9—
20,1 76,340,306 100.0 21,6_ _62,85729,56451,21842,864
43.558
46,48221,41541,96735,295
35.636
15,0457,4208,2816,752
7,048
45,81420,84041,23034,466
34.782
15,7127,9959,0197,581
7.903
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100,0
23,925,116,215,8
16,2
72,870.580.580.4
79.9
25,027.017,617,7
18,1
Northeast
Allages under 65 years ... .. .... .. ...... .. ...... ... ... .. ...... .. ......... .. ... ..... ... .....
14,0166,890
11,65610,996
50,616
17,4128,254
13,79111,159
58,878
10,9305,2449,8619,603
42,338
14,0426,596
12,0039,698
42,682
2,7991,4661,5971,186
7,240
2,9541,4771,5411,268
14,771
10,7285,0729,6599,323
41,598
13,8776,401
11,8229,498
41.776
3,0011,6381,7991,465
7,980
3,1181,6721,7231,468
15,677
100.0100.0100,0100,0
100,0
100.0100,0100.0100.0
100.0
20,021,313,710,8
14,3—
17,017,911,211.4
25.1
76,573.682.9S4.8
82.2—
79.777.685,785.1
71,0
21.423,815,4!3,3
15,8
17.920.312.513.2
26.6
North Central
Allages under 65 years . . .... .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . .
South
Allages under 65years ... ..... ... ....... .... ...... ... .. ... ...... .. ...... ... .. ... ... ... .. ..
20,2069,180
16,12813,363
33,551
11,3245,2399,6437,346
13,6536,190
12,S4310,197
24,501
7,8573,3857,4615,798
6,0422,7333,1272,869
8,44o
3,2511,7452,0161,429
13,4256,033
12,3799,939
24,194
7,7S43,3347,3705,705
6,2702,8893,3913,127
8,747
3,3241,7962,1071,522
100.0100,0100,0100,0
100,0
100,0100.0100.0100.0
29.929.819.421.5
25.2
66.465.776,874,/%
72,’1—
68.763.676.477,7
31.031.521.023.4
26.1
29.434.321..920.7
West—
Allagas .nder65 years ... ... .. ...... ...... .. ...... .. ............ .. .... ..... ... .. ... ...... . —28.733.320.919.5
l[ncludes pemo”sof u”k”ow” ins”rancc status.
NOTE: For official pqxlatio” estirnntes for more general uw, sw U.S. 8“rea” of the censw!reports on the civilian population of the United States in Curwnt Poptdorio,jReports, Series P.20, P-25, and P.60.
Thezpproximate relative sta"dard erronof themtimates shown inthistable are found onpagos38and 39.
18
Table 8. Number andpercent distribution of persons under 65yeamof age byprivate hospif@ l andsurgical insurance cwerage, according toplaceof residence ande: United States,1974
[Data are based on household intewiews of the civilian, noninstitutimdized pare given in appendix I.
,ulation.The survey desizn. Eeneral qualifications. and information on the reliability of the estimatesefinitions of tcrms”nre g;en-in nppehdix 1[1 ]
Homital insurance Sumical insurance
*
Plats of residenca and age
II I I iNumber of persons in thousandsAl I areas
Allages under 65year3 .... ........ .. ... ...... ..... .. .... .. ... ... ..... ........ .. ...... .. ...
Percent distribution
1S6,603 46,159 37,498 142,3EJ3 40,3Ck8
T
45,814 15,71220,840 7,99541,230 9,01934,466 7,581
100,0 77.8
100.0 73.8100.0 72,4100.0 81,9100.0 82.3
100,0 79.3
100.0 75.3100.0 73.7100.0 83.2100,0 84.3
100.0 72.7
100,0 65.6100.0 68.1103,0 77.8100.0 30.0
100.0 84.2
100.0 82.2100.0 76.5100.0 86.9100.0 87.7
Ica.o 74.3
100,0 70,4100.0 69.2103,0 m.2100.0 78.1
100.0 750
100.0 73,3100.0 71.0100.0 76,8l(KLO 77,2
20.1 I 76.3 21.6
62,95729,56451,21642,864
129,862
43,08320,90736,27729,595
55,856
18,1229,625
15,04813,072
73,995
46,4S221,41541$6735,295
02,951
32,42115,40930,16624.956
40,616
11,8906.558
11,71010,458
62,335
15,0457,4208,2816,752
24.176
9,7044,8635,4224,0S8
13,976
5,8202,8083,0262,323
10,2QO
23.9 72.825.1 70.516.2 60.515.8 60.4
25.o27.o17.617.7
20.3
23.725.816.515.9
26.6
33.231.121.619,7
15.5
t
100,820 26,308
31,895 10,22914,968 5,40429,611 5,97724,346 4,698
All SMSA
All ases under 65 years ...... .... .. ...... .. ...... .. ........ ... ... .. ...... ........ .. ... ... .. u-l.-=22.5 74.023.7 71.614.9 81.613.8 82.3
Central city
Allages under 65years ...... ... ... ... .. ...... ... ....... ......... .. ..... .... .. ... ..... ... .. .....
T39,753 14,840
11,696 6,0146,369 2,997
11,485 3,25110,203 2,578
+
25.0 71.2
32.1 64.529.2 66.220.1 76.317.8 78.7
Not central city
Alla~sunder65 years .... ...... .. ..... ...... ... ... .... .... .. ... .. ... ...... ..... .. ... ... .. ... .. 61,067 I 11.468 13.6 I 82.5
24,96111,28221,22916,523
50.147
20,5308,851
18,45%14,498
37,265
3,8842,1542,3961,765
11.728
20,199 4,2158,599 2,407
18,126 2,72614,143 2,12U
15,6 80.919.1 76.211.3 85.410.7 85.6
16.921.312.812.8
24.6
27.730,120.021.4
25.4
Outside SMSA-nonfarm
23.4 73.136.665 I 12.328All ages under 65 Vears .... ... ..... ... ... .. ... ...... ... .. ... .. ...... .. ...... .. ... ... .. .....
12.273 4,8755,283 2,351
10,477 2,6898,631 2,413
17,6047,819
13,42911,295
6,595
2,271838
1,5121,974
12,3965,41110,841
8,817
4,943
1,665595
1,1611,523
4,7522,2232,5262,228
1,595
590235334436
27.0 I 69,728.4 67.618.8 78.019,7 76.4
Outside SMSA–farm
All qes under 45 Vears . ...... ...... ....... ... ... .. ........ ... ... ... .. ... ...... .. .. .... .. .. SE.k 24.2 I 73.8
1,647 608589 240
1,141 3541,488 471
26.0 72.5280 70.322.1 75.522.1 75.4
26.828.623.423.9
llncludes persons of ““known insurance status.
NOTE For of ficisl popdatio” estimates For more general use,see fJ.S. BUreJIJ of the Census reports on the cwtli.m pupukttwn of the Llmted States m Curre)zr Popt,lati(>>aReports, Series P-20, P.25, and P.60.
Theapproximate relative standard erroBof theestimates shown inthistahle ~refounJ unpagcs3tlmd 39,
19
Table 9. Number and percent distribution of persons 17.S4years ofageby private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, according tocurrent employ mentstatus and age: UnitedStates, 1974
IData are based on household interview of thecivilian noninstitutionalized population. Thes"wey design, general qualifications, andinformation ontherefiability of the estimatesarezivenin aDDendix I, Definitions of terms aregiven inappendix III]
*Number of Dersons in thousands
123,645
29,564
51,218
42,864
81,306
18,294
35,787
27,226
6,100
2,526
2,196
1379
36,239
8,744
13,235
14,260
=2===21,415 7,420
41,967 8,281
35,295 6,752
69,382 I 10,329
14,257 3,575
30,923 4,196
24,203 2,556
t
3,907 2,o95
1,463 1,006
1,381 786
1 ,C63 303
+
25,389 10,029
5,695 2,840
9,664 3,297
10.030 3.892
20,840 7,995
41,230 9,019
34,466 7,581
67,942 I 11,770
13,862 3,970
30,406 4,714
23,674 3,086
T3,808 2,194
1,414 1,055
1,351 816
1,043 323
%9-%?3
WE100.0
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0
79.6 18.2
T
72.4 25.1
81.9 16,2
62.3 15.8
T85.3 12,7
77.9 19,5
86.4 11,7
88.9 9.4
64.0 I 34.3
57.9 39.8
62.9 35.8
77,1 22.0
t
70.1 27.7
65.1 32.5
73,0 24.9
70,3 27.31
78.1
70.5
80.5
80.4
83.6
75.8
85.0
87.0
62.4
36.0
61.5
75.6
68.4
63.6
71.6
68.4
19.9
27.0
17.6
17,7
14,5
21,7
13.2
11.3
36.0
41.8
37.2
23.4
29.3
34.0
26.4
29.3
llncludes persons of unknown insurance status.
NOTE: For official popdaticm estimates for more genera] use. see U.S. Bureau of the Census reportson the civilian pop”latio”of the United SMes in Current PopulatiOnReporfs, Series P-20, P-25, and P-60:md 8wew of Labor Statistics monthly report, Employment and Earnings.
Theapproximate relative standard errosof lheestimates shown inthistahle are found onpages38and 39.
!.
20
Table 10. Number andpercent distributicm ofcurrently employed persons 17.64 years of age by private hospital andsurgical imurance ccwmage, accordnngtoclassof worker andagw United States, 1974
[Data are based on hcmsehddinterviewsof thecivilian no"institutionatized Modulation. Thesuwey desi~n. zeneral aualificatiOns. a"dinformation onthert~abifity of theestimattsare~ivenin an~endix l. Definitions of tenns”are a~en-inanvendix 1111.,
Class of worker and age mNumber of persons in thousands
II Howital ! Sumicd
‘“’’on”IISuin-
‘0 I .Urd
All classesof workers
All ages 17-64 years ... ... .. ..... .... .. ..... ... ...... ........ .. ...... .. ......... .... ... ...... .. ..
Percent distribution
85.3 12.7 \ 83.681,306 ;9,382 I 10,329 67,942 11,770 100,0 14.5
18,29435,78727,225
59,982
15,27628,19718,509
2,897
14,257 3,57510,923 4,19824,203 2,556
13,86230.4m323.674
50,345
11,64622,4>816,281
2,590
3,9704,7143,085
8,404
3,2533,2701,880
364
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0
100,0
77.986.488.9
85.7—
78.487.089.8
88.2
21.713.211.3
14.0
21.312.510.2
12,1
19.4 87.0
12.2 83.9
Private paid workers2
All ages 17.64 years ... ...... .. .... .. .... ....... .. ...... ........ .. ...... .. ... ..... ...... ..... .. ..
+
51,403 7,345
I 1,973 2,926?2,804 2,88416,626 1,535
19.2 76.211.0 85.6
8.3 88.0
10,4 86.42,642 312
Federal Government workers
All ages 17.64 years .. .. ...... ........ .. ... ... .. ..... ... ..... ...... ..... .. ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ...
3521.3551,290
3,337
277 681,194 1371,172 107
3,040 236
2641,1711,154
2,975
80160124
301
100.0100.0100,0
100.0
78.788.190.9
91.1
19,3 75.010.1 86.4
8.3 89.5
22.711.89.6
9.0
State government workers
Allages17.84 years .. .. ...... .. ....... ...... .. ...... .. ...... .. ...... ..... ... .. ... ... ..... ... ... 7.1 I 89.2
7381,5451,053
8,902
614 1031,422 931,004 40
5981,393
984
6,203
119122
60
576
100.0100.0100.0
100.0
83.292.096.3
91.2
14.0 81.06.0 90.23.8 93.4
7.0 89.9
16.17.95.7
8.3
Local government workers
All ages 17-64 years ..... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ...... .. ...... .. ...... ... ..... .. ...... .. ...... .. .. ... . 6,293 I 486
892 1813,049 1852,352 119
1,1043,2922,507
8.720
8743.0192,310
4,819
2631,8992,556
1,010
216407388
1s9216161
1,818
218827772
307
101118
87
100.0100.0100.0
100,0
80.692.693.8
74.0—
E&z71.478.7
75.4—
67.576.379.9
+
16,4 79.25.6 91.74.7 92.1
24.8 71.7
42,1 53.827.5 70.019,9 75,8
18,06.66.4
27.1
44.628.922.9
22.4
30.121.817.7
Self-employed workers
All ages 17-64 years ... .. ...... .... .... .. ...... .. ..... ... ... .. ... ..... ...... .. ... .... ....... .. ...
T4,9? 1 1.865
275 2C62,040 7242,656 672
-489
2,8573.374
1,368
lIX).O100.0100.0
100.0
100.010CLO1s0.0
Other class of worker
All ages f7-S4 years .. ... ...... ..... .. ... ...... .. ...... ..... .. ...... .. ...... ... .. ..... ... ... .. ...
*
1,032 286
226 91413 112393 82 t
20,8 73.8
27.2 84.520.7 75.216.7 78.9
-335641492
llncludes persom of unknuwn insurance status.21ncludes self.employed persons whose business (other than farm) is incorporated (see appendix 11).
‘
NOTE: For official population estimates fcmmoregwwrd use, sec U.S. Bweau IJf the Census reportsm the civilh populate<,” “f the U“ited Statesi” Curremr PopulationReports, Series P.20, P-25, nnd 1>.60;and Bureau Of Labor Statistics mmtthly report, Employment and Earnin@.
Theapproximate relative stundard errors ulthecstimatcs shuwnin this tahlearefQund 0npsges3Sand 39.
21
Table 11. Number and percent distribution of currently employed persons 17.84 years of age by private hospital and surgical insurance coverage, according to occupation andmdusrrv: UnwdStates, 1974
[Data me based o“ household intemiews of[hccivitian, noninstit"tio"alizedpo
* are given in appendix 1, I
Occupation and indusrry
ation. The survey desizn. wnwd uudificaticms. und infmmaticm, m the reliability of theestimatw‘initionsof terms me&n”in uxwhdix 1111
Cur. II Hospital Surgicalrently insurance insurance
em.oloyedpopu. In. Not in. In. Not in.
Iatio”lw red w red sured sured
Number of persons in Thousands
81,306-
12,0358,6124,807
14,44111,27310,100
3,1933,5481,360
936945
9,190
2,70594
6155,531
20,1095,578
15,0204,406
21,3925,040
69,362-
11,0877,7074,103
12,9079,6318,7622,6432,6261,034
483569
7,132
1,79569
6424,197
16,4436,036
12,1963,942
17,9044,575
10,329_
723789588
1,2391,4461,119
491847316436353
1,s50
876.
631,2311,279
4402,486
3863,054
386
67,842-
10,6977,5613,999
12,6969,4406,5862,5S42,536
994466539
6,969
1,72566
5404,077
18,1344,961
11,s953,897
17,4874,508
11,770_
914935693
1,4501,6391,294
560936358453383
2,013
946.
651,3511,589
5172,787
4293,470
453
w100,0
_
100,0100,0100,0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0
700.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0
85.3.
92.189.585.489.485.486,882.674.076.051,660.277.6
66.473.468.175.991.790.381.289.583.790.8
12.7
6,09.2
12.28.6
12.811.115.423.923.446.637.420.1
32,4.
10,222.3
6.47.9
16.68.7
14.37.7
83.6
90 ,!587,1383.287S83.785,080.!177 .!573.149.857.075.8
63.[170.287.873.7go.~86,$)
79,:!88,4
81.789.4
14.5
7.610.914.410.014.512.817.226.426.346.440.521.9
35.0.
10,624.4
7.99.3
18.69.7
16.29.0
NOTE: For official pop”latio” estimates for more gmerd use, see U.S. Bwea” of the Cem”s reports o“ the civilian population of the United Stutes in Currcnr PopulationReports, Series P.20, P.25, and P-60; and Bweau of Labor Statistics monthly report, Entploymcnr and Earnin@.
The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates show” in this table are fcmnd on pages 38 and 39.
22
Table 12. Number and percent distribution ofpec$onsunder65 years of age by private hospital andsurgiml insumnce cmemge, Xcording tochronic atiiviW limitation status andage: United States, 1974
IData are based on household interviews of the civitian, ncminstitutianatized pare given in appendix I.
nilaticm. Thesurvev desixn. eeneralaualifications. andinfomatiOn on the reliability of the estimates
Hospital
I
Surgicalinsurance insurance
TotalpOpu-
Iationl I;a I ‘:: I 1“- I ‘::Chronic activity limitation status and age
Number of pecsons in thousands
186,603 145,159 37,498 142,350 40,3.08 77.8100.0 20.1 76.3 21.6
62,95729,56451,21842,864
19,781
K,48221,41541 ,S6735,295
13,327
16,0457,4208,2616,752
6,101
45,81420,84041,23034,466
12,955
15,7127,9959,0197,581
6,473
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
73.872.481.982.3
67.4
23.S25.116.215.8
30.8
72.870.580.580.4
65.5
25.027.017.617.7
32.7
1,5781,2023,4697,058
1,544
77
2:;1,159
7,218
676673
1,6543,o98
1,766
56110408
1,192
3,079
1,5571,1713,4056,822
1.477
7487
2121,105
7,025
100.0100.0lCQ.O100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
68.562.888.768.3
45.9—
57.043.134.648,4
68.8
29.335.231.630.0
52.5—
41,555.863,749.8
29.4
67.561.265.166.1
43.9—
54.844.233.146.2
67.0
30.236.833.232.3
%.4
2,3051,8145,234
10,327
3,367
135197641
2,393
10,484
697704
1,7383,334
1,833
60109418
1,246
3,272
44.455.365.252.1
31.2
1,064817
2,8875,715
5,931
354308
1,511
1,256
682480
1,8883,975
4,452
366315954
1,638
1,368
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
65.259.967.071.8
77.0
33.337.531.526,4
21,2
84.15S.865.469.6
75.1
34.438.633.028.7
23.1
694489
1,9344,102
4,s85
808627
1,3331.797
131,833
1,1C6
1,7062,219
166.822
265258338395
31,397
801604
1,3051,742
128,395
277281364450
33.835
100.01CK7.O100.0100.O
100.0
73.169,778,181,0
78.0
24.028.719.817.8
16.8
72.467.176.578.5
77.6
24.531,221.520.3
m.3
60,65227,65045,98332,536
44,80320,21438,47828,238
14,3696,7476,6273,654
44,25719,67037,82427,844
15,0157.2917,2814,248
100.0100.0100.0100.0
74.073.183.7%.8
23.724.414.411.2
73.071.182.385.0
24.828.415.813.1
llncludes persons of “nk”own insmmme statm.2Major activity refers to ability to work, keep house. Or engage in school or preschool activities.
NOTE: For official ~cmulcitio” estimates for mme Eenerd use. see U.S. Bureau of the Census rclmrt~ cm the civilian nonulatian of the United States in Currcnr PomdanonReport?, Series P-20, P-25,’ a;d P-60.
.
The approximate relative ?.tn”dard errors of the estimates shown in this table are fcmnd on pages 38 and 39.
23
Table 13. Number and percent of permns under 65 years of age with short-stay hospital episodes in past year, bv private hospital insurance status, familv income, and age: UnitedStates, 1974
[ Data are based on household interviews of the civilian, nrminstituticmalized popuiaticm. The WI-WY design, general qualifiare given in appendix [. De finiticms of terms are give” in appendix 1
All incomesl
Allagesunder65years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessthan $3,000
Allagesunder65years ...,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$3,000$4,999
Allagesundor65years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$5.000-86,999
Allagesunder65years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$7,000-89,999
Allagesunder65years .,.,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$10.000.$14.999
Allagesunder65years ..,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$15,000 or more
Allagesunder65Vears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
icms, and information cm the reliability of the estimates
With hospital insurance
II With short-,Otal IbisOde
+_
numberNum-in thou-ber insandsthou-sands
145,159 14,367
+
46,462 2,60021,415 2,26541,967 5,07035,295 4,432
3,958 527
717 931,693 178
510 891,038 168
115,304 617
1,266 521,174 1081,014 1491,650 308
10,213 1,197
i}
3,029 2111,954 2732/397 3432,833 370
19,077 2,152
6,048 4033,076 4495,428 6784,524 623
43,294 4,366
15,336 9105,386 610
13,774 1,7388,796 1,098
55,727 4,771
17,922 8217,180 641
16,983 1,68013,643 1,530
—
Per.cent
9.9=
5.610,612.112.6
13.3—
13.010.517.516.2
11.6
4.19.2
14.716.7
11.7
7.014.014.313.1
11.3—
6.714.612.513.8
10.1
5.911.312.612.5
8.6
4.67.5
11.111.2
Without hospitalinsurance
~h shmt-
Per-cent
Totalstay episode
num-ber in
Num-ber
thou- insands
thou-sands
17.498 3,991=
I5,045 8997,420 1,0188,281 1,1596,752 914
6,435 86ir
2,349 1741,246 2071,185 23CI1,656 275
7,422 862
3,253 2171,378 2031,513 2691,277 173
6,479 662
2,896 1261,227 1811,418 228
938 126
5,500 562
2,292 1301>064 1631,365 162
779 106
5,115 453
1,956 1311,067 1211,264 122
827 78
3,817 315
1,266 61923
E864654 68
10.6-
6.013.714.013.5
13.8
7.416.619.416.6
11.6
6.714.717.813.5
10.2
4.414.616.113.4
10.2
5.715.311.913.6
8.9
6.711.3
9.79.4
8.3
4,68.78.9
13.3
llncludes unknww income.
NOTE: The approximate relative Wmdard errms of the estimates shown in this table are found an pages 38 and 39.
Table 14. Number of persons under 65 years of age wilh one or more short-stay hospflta[ eptsodes in past year, number of short.stay hosp,tal days asscctated with these epwodes, andaverage number of days per person with an eptsode, by pnvme hospttal ,nsurance status, fam,lv income, and age. Unttcd Stales, 1974
I Data me bJsed cm household intewiews (If the civilian noninstiluti(,ntilired popubdtion. The survq design, general uuahfications. and mfurm~tt<,n on the reltahiht> of the estimatesare given in appendix 1. Definitions of terms we given in ,pei~,x 111I
W,th hospmal insurance I W#thout hospital rnsurance
Persons I\veragelumber)f davs
perpersonwtth
!Dmode
wnthshort. Hospital
stay davs m
hosp,tal past
ep,sodeyear for
m past episodes
w,thshor:-stav
hospnaleptscde,n pastyear
Hospnaldavs In
pastvear foreP,sodes
numberof davs
perperson
wmhepisode
Fam,ly income and age
year I
INumber In thousandlumber m thousands
14,367 118,306 45,459 11,4
2,6002,2655,0704.432
527
15,42613,52039.28050,080
4,502
5.9 8996.0 1,0197.7 1,159
11.3 914
8.5 867
7,1077,090
13,67717,5s4
12,979
7.97.0
11.819.2
14.6
Less than $3.000
9317889
166
617
565868753
2,316
7.768
6.1 1744.9 2078.5 230
13.8 275
12.6 662
1,8662,01?3.1125,889
10,219
10,79,7
13.521.8
11.9
52108149309
1.197
366729
1,6255,046
10,778
1,3051,6373,0134,823
16.128
2,6202,1045,8oS7,596
34,125
7.1 2176.8 203
10.9 26916.3 173
1,8011,4603,5303,428
6,826
8041,fY362,4652,490
5,339
823853
1,4542,2Q8
4,977
8,37,2
13.119.8
10.3
6.46.9
10.819.8
9.5
6.35.2
%’
11.0
$5,0@3-$6,999
All ages under 65 years ... ...... ... .. ... .. ... ... ... ..... .. ... .. ..... .... ..... .. ... ..... ...... .. ..... ... ...... .. ...... .. .. .... .. ... ... .. ... .. ..
T9.0 662
6.2 1266.0 1818,8 228
13.0 126
8.4 562
211273343370
2,152
$7,00M9,999
All ages under 65 years ...... .. ... ..... ...... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ...... ... .... ... ........ ...... .. ... ... ... ........ ..... .. ...... .1
403449678623
4,356
6.5 1304.7 1638.6 162
12.2 106
-1-7.8 453
6.2 1317,0 1217,6 122
910610
1,7381,098
4,771
5,6264,26$
13,28010,951
36,107
6731,0031,3931,70s
2,449
6.78.3
11,421.9
7.8k10.0 78
7.6 315
5.2 616.1 807.0 s
10.0 88
$16,000 or more
All ages under 65 years ..... .... .... .... .. ... ........ ........... ..... ... ........ .. ...... .. ... ... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ...... ..... .. ......... .. ....
821541
1,sS01,530
4.3073,306
13,14715,346
478379752S40
7.84.78.79.6
1Includes tmknown income.
NOTE: The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates shown i“ this tab[e are fotmd on p.ges 38 and 39.
Table 15. Number and percent distribution of persons undar 65 years of age with private hospital insurance by number of insurance
plans, according to geographic region and family income: United States, 1974
[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, andinformation on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix III]
~—
Geographic region and family income
Number of plansPersons
withhospital 3
insur- 1 plan 2 plansplans
ante ormore JII
Per- Number of plsnssonswithhos-
3
pital 1 2 plans
insur-plan plans or
antemore
All regions Number of persons in thousands Percent distribution
All incomesl ...... . .. ... . ... . ... . .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. . ... . . .... . .. 145,159 II 126,338 17,726 1,096
71160250585
401
100.0 87.0 12.2 I 0.8
9,263 8,23229,290 26,41443,294 38,26855,727 46,643
Less than $5,000 ..... . .. . .. .. ... . .. .... .. ..... . .. .. . .. ... . .. ..... . . ... ... ... ..
$5,000-$9,999 .. .. .... . . ... .. .. ... . ... .. . ... .... . ..... . . ... . .. .... .. .. . ... .. .. . .$10,000-$14,999 .... . ... . .. ... .. .... .... .. .... . . .... .. . ... . .. .... . . ... .. .. ... .$15,000 or more ..... . .. .... . .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. . .... . .. ... .. . ... .. . ... . .. ... .
9602,7164,7778,498
4,908
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
88.9
90.288.483.7
10.4 0.89.3 0.5
11.0 0.615.2 1.0
Northeast
1135,638 30,329
1,495 1,3666,607 6,014
10,801 9,30714,510 11,642
All incomesl .. .. .. .... .. .... . ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 85.1 I 13.8 ] 1.1
Less than $5,000 ... . .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. ... . ... .
$5,000-$9,999 .. .. .. .. ... .. ... ... . .... .. . ... .. .. ... . . .. . .. .. ... . . ..... .. . ... . . ..$10,000-$14,999 ... . .. .. . . .... .. .. .. ... . .. .. . .... . ... ... .. .... .. .... .. .. .. .. . .$15,000 or more ... . .... .. . .... . . ... ... .... . ... .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. . .... .. .. .. . .. .
North Central
All incomesl .............. ......................................
119564
1,3912,617
4,507
260632
1,1622,313
5,474
4831,1721,5711,971
2,837
**
102250
202
**
38113
357
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
91.491.086.280.2
8.0 *8.5 *
12.9 0.918.0 1.7
10.6 0.5
T42,338 37,629
2,523 2,2538,120 7,456
13,215 12,01416,835 14,410
88.9
Less than $5,000 ... ... .. .. . .. .... . .. ... ... ... . .. ... ... . .. .. . ..... . . ... .. .. .. ..
$5,000-$9,999 .. ... .... . .. ... . ... ... . .. ... . .. .. .. .. .... . .. . . .. . ... .. .. .... .. ... .$10,000-$14,999 ..... .. . .... . . .... .. . ... .. .. .. .. . .... . . ... .. .. .... .. .. .. . .. ...$15,000 or more ..... .. ... ... ... .. .. . ... ... . .. .. ... .. . .. .. ... . .... . .. ... . . ....
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
89.391.890.9
10.37.88.8
13.7
12.8
**
0.30.785.6
86.3
South
All incomesl ..... . ... .. .. .... ... .... . .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .... . . .. .
T42,682 36,852
4,031 3,50210,240 8,98712,044 10,38813,734 11,624
0.8
Less than $5,000 ........................... ...................................$5,000-$9,999 ............................... ..................... ..............$10,000-$14,999 ..... ....... .............................. .... .. ..............$15,000 or more .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. ... .. ... .. .. .... .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
468185
139
136
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0100.0
86.987.886.384.6
12.011.413.014.4
1.10.80.71.0
West
All incomesl .. . ... . . ... . ... ... .. . ... . ... .. . ... ... . ... .. . . .... . .. 24,501 II 21,528 87.9 11.6 0.6
n91.7 8.1 *91.5 8.0 *90.6 9.0 *84.2 15.0 0.8
Less than $5,000 ..... . .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. . ... . . ... .. ... . ... .. .. .. .
$5,000-$9,999 .. .. .... .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .... . .... . ... .. .. .. ... .. ... .. . ..... .
$10,000-$ 14Ss99 ..... . ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. .... .. . ... .. .... .. .... ..
$15,000 or more ..... . .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... ... . .... .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .. .. ..
1,213 1,1124,323 39577,235 6,558
10,647 8,967
98348653
1,597
***
83
lIn~ludes unknown income.
NOTE: The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates shown in this table are found on pages 38 and 39.
26
Table 16. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age with private hospital insurance by how plan was obtained,according to geographic region and family income: United States, 1974
[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, andinformation on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix III]
How plan obtained
II
Both
GroupI ndi- group
vidual andon Iy
only indi-vidual
Per-sonswithhos-pital
insur-ance
How plan obtained
I I BothPersons
withhospital
insur-ancel
Geographic region and family income
All regions Number of persons in thousands Percent distribution
145,159 126,441 13,225 4,824 100.0 87.1 9.1All incomesp ... . . ...... .. ... . .... .. .... .. .... . . .. .. . ... . .. 3.3
67.883.990.690.1
88.9
Less than $5,000 .. ... ... . ... . .. ... . . .... . .. .... .. .. .. . ... .. . .. .. . .... .. .
$5,000-$9,999 ..... . .... . .. ... ... ... ... .. .. . ... .. . .... .. ... . . .. . .. . ... .. ..$10,000-$14,999 .... . . ... .. .. ... . .. ... . .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. ... . . ... .. . .. .
$15,000 or more ... . .. ... .. . ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. ... .. ... . .. .. .. .. ... .. . ...
9,26329,29043,294
55,727
35,638
6#28024,58439,214
50,228
31,666
2,3783,4692,679
3,596
2,930
4061,1451,3401,714
875
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
25.711.8
6.26.5
8.2
4.43.93.13.1
2.5
Northeast
All incomesp .... . . .... . . .. .. . .... .. . .. .. . ... .. .... .. .... ..
Less than $5,000 ... .. ... . .... . .. .. .. . . ... . .. .. . .. ... .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
$5,000-$9,999 .... . ... .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. . .... . ... .. . ... .. . .. .. . . .. .. . .... . . .$10,000-$14,999 .. .... .. ... .. . .. ... . .. . ... . ... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .... .. ..$15,000 or more ... .. . ... .. .. ... .. .. .. . . .... . . ... . .. .... . .. .. . .. .. .. .. ..
1,49568607
10,80114,510
42,338
1,0655,6589*5
13,206
37,188
365803582839
3,831
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
71.285.692.191.0
87.8
24.412.2
5.45.8
9.0
2.52.12.42.7
2.9
3.33.52.72.7
5.0
37141
259394
1,226
North Central
All incomesp .. .. .. . .... . .. .. . .. .. ... .... .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. ..
Less than $5,000 .. ... ... . .... .. . .. . .. ... . . .... .. . ... .. . ... . .. ... .. ... . ..
$5,000-$9,999 .. .. .. . .. ... .. ... .. .... ... .. . . ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . . ... . .. .... ..$10,000-$14,999 . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... .. .. .. . .. ... . . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .... .. .$15,000 or more ... .. .. .... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .... . . .... . . ... .. . ... .. ..
2,5238,120
13,21516,835
42,682
1,8436,796
12,07115,114
35,569
5701,020
7791,229
4,678
82288357457
2,114
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
73.083.791.389.8
83.3
22.612.6
5.97.3
11.0
South
All incomes2 ... ... .. ... . . ... .. ... .. .. ... .. ... .. . .... .. ....
1,2271,260
914898
1,786
217385404
629
kss than $5,000 .. .. .. .. . ... .. ... . .. .. . .. . .. ... . .. ... . .. .. ... . .. .. .. ... .$5,000-$9,999 ..... . .. ... . . ... .. . ... ... .. .. . . ... .. . ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. .. ...$10,000$14,999 . .. ... . . .... . ... . ... . ... . .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. ... .. .$15,000 or more ... . .. ... ... . .. .. .. . ... .. .... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. . . .... .. .
4,03110,24012,(M413,734
24,501
1,2134,3237,235
10,647
2,427S,320
10,54512,150
22,o18
252596557628
609
I(xr.o100.0100.0100.0
100.0
60.281.387.688.5
88.9
30.412.3
7.66.5
7.3
6.35.84.64.6
2.5
West
All incomesp ... .... .. .. . .. ... . . ..... .. ... .. . ... . . .... . . ...
Less than $5,000 ... .. .... .. . ... . .. ... . .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. . ... .. .... .. . ...
$5,000-$9,988 .. ... . ... . ... .. .... .. ..... . .. . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. .. .. .. .$10,000-$14,999 ... . . .... . . .... . .. .... .. .. . . .... .. .. .. . . ... .. . ... . .. ... .$15,000 or more ... .. .. .. . ... . .. ..... . ... .. . ... . .. ... . . ... .. . ... . . ..... .
9463,8106,6539,758
35121166236
100.0100.0100.0100.0
78.08B.192.091.7
17.98.95.65.9
2.92.82.32.2
lhtcludes persons whose type of plan is unknown.21ncludes unkno~ jr-s~ome.
NOTE: The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates shown in this table are found on pages 38 and 39.
27
Table 17. Number of persons under 65 years of age with private hospital insurance, by type of pIan, geographic region, and familyincome: United States, 1974
[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qutilfications, andinformation on the reliabilityy of the estimates are given in appendm L Definitions of terms are given in appendix 111]
Geographic region and family income
All reaions
All incomesl .. .. .. ... .. . .... . ... .. .. . ... .. .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. .... .. ... ... ...
Less than $5,000 .. ... .. .. .. .. . . ... .. .. .. ... . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. . ... ... .... . .. ... . .. ..
$5,000-$9,999 .. .. .... .. . . ... ... .... . . .... .. . ... .. .. .... .. . ... .. . ... . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. ..$10,000-$14,999 ..... . .. .... .. .. ... . . .... . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. .... .. ... .. . .. . .. . .... . .. ..$15,000 or more .. ... .. .. ... . .. ... .. . ..... . .. .... .. .... ... .. .. . .... . .. .. .. ... .. .. . .... . .. ..
Northeast
Ail incomesl .. .. .. ... . .. .. ... . ... .. .. ... .. . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... . .. .... .. . ...
Less than $5,000 .... . ... .. ... .. .. .. . .... .. . ... . .. ... .. .. .. .. . .... . . ... .. .. .... .. .... . . ....
$5.000-$9,999 ... .. .... . .. ... .. .... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ..... . .. .. . ... ... . .. ... .. .. .. . .. ... .. .. ...$10,000-$14,999 ... .. .. ... ... .... . .. ... .. .. ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... . .. ... . .. .... .. ....
$15,000 Or mOre ..... .. .. .. .. .. .... .. ... .. .. .... .. .... .. ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... . .. ... .. . ... .
North Central
All incomesl .. . .. .... . .... .. . ... .. .. .... . . ... . .. .... . . .... .. . ... . . .... .. . ....
Less than $5,000 .... . .. ... .. .. ... . . ... ... . ... .. . .... . .. ... . .. .. .. .. ... . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .
$5,000-$9,999 .. . ..... . . .... . ... ... .. . .. . .. .... . .. ... .. . ... . ... ... . .. ... ... .... . . ... . .. .... .$10,000-$14,999 ..... . . ... .. .. ... .. .... .. . ... .. . .... . .. ... . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... . .. .. ... . ... .$15,000 or more ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. . ... . ... . .. .. .... .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. ... . . .... .
South
All incomesl .. ... .. . .. . ... . . ..... .. .... . . ... .. . .... . . ... .. . .... . .. ... .. .. .. ..
Less than $5,000 ... .. ..... . .. .. ... . ... . .. .... . .. .. .. .. ... .. .... .. . ... . .. ... .. . ... .. .. ... . .
$5,000-$9,999 . .. .... .. .. ... . .... .. .. ... . .. ... . .. .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .... .. . .... . .. .. ... . ... . .$10,000-$14,999 .. . .. .... .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. ... . .. .... . . .... . .. ... . .. ... . .. .... . . ... .. .. ... ..$15,000 or more .. ... . ... .. .. ... .. . ... . ... ... .. .... .. .. .. . .. .... . .. ... . .. ... . . ... .. ... ... ..
All incomesl .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. . ... .. .. ... . .. .. .. .. ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. .... .. .
Less than $5,000 .. . .. ... .. . .... . .. .. . .. ... .. .. ... . .. .... . . .... .. ... .. . .... .. .. . .. .. ... .. ..
$5,000-$9,999 ..... ... .... ... ... .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. ... .. . ... .. .. ... .. ..$10,000-$14,999 .. . .... . .. .... . .. .. . ... .. ... . ... . ... .. ... ... ... . ... .. . .... ... .. . .. .... . .. .$15,000 or more ... .. ... .. . .... . .. .. .. . .... . .. .. ... .. ... . . .... .. . ... . . .... . .. ... . ... ... . . ..
lIncludes unknown income.
withhospital
insur-ance
145,159
9,26329,29043,29455,727
35,638
1,495
6,60710,80114,510
42,338
2,5238,120
13,21516,835
42,682
4,03110,24012,04413,734
24,501
1,2134,3237,235
10,647
81ue plan lnsur-
Pre-ancer
BlueBlue
Other u n-81ue and
paidplan known
only pre-and PI an
othertype
paid only
Number of persons in thousands
54,384
3,26711,24416,37720,461
18,509
8443,7275,6007,080
16,626
1,0023,3345,3566,226
13,399
1,1453,1213,6834,597
5,851
2761,0621,7382,548
412
*
5683
239
257
*4652
136
*
****
*
****
117
***
88
9,728
4231,243 ~2,6035,076
3,667
74363
1,0732,022
2,465
126292599
1,368
2,610
207459738
1,086
987
*
130193
601
3,565
172602
1,1051,493
502
41
60165192
376
*
71123155
214
**
8095
2,474
107443737
1,052
56,859
3,64311,92017,07221,766
8,956
3301,6672,7303,778
17,174
8993,2645,5116,916
20,067
1,8945,1285,6146,321
10,663
5211,8613,2164,752
20,212
1,7374,2246,0546,691
3,747.—
192
7431,1811,293
5,668
4811,1571,6132,157
6,386
7741,500.1,9261,634
4,410
291823
1,3341,608
NOTE: The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates shown in this table are found on pages 38 and 39.
28
Table 18. Percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age with private hospital insurance by type of plan, according to geographicregion, and family income: United States, 1974
[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, andinformation on the reliability of the estimates are given in ap ndix I. Definitions are given in appendix 111]
Geographic region and family income
All regions
All incomesl .. .. .. ... . . ... . .. .. .. . ... .. . .. .. . ... .. . .. . .. ... . . ... .. . .. .. . .... . . .. . .. ... .. . .
Less than $5,000 ... ... . .. .. . .. ... . .. .. .. ... . .. . .. ... . ... .. .... . .. .. . . ... .. . ... .. . .. .. . .... . ... .. . ... .. ..
$5,000-$9,999 ... .. ... .. . ... .. . .. .. . . .. . ... ... . ... .. . ... .. . ... .. .. . .. . ... .. . .. .. . ... ... . .. . .. .. . .. . ... . ..$10,000-$14,999 .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .... . .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. . ... . .. .. .. ...$15,000 or more .... . .. ... . .. .. . ... .. .. . ... .. . ... .. . .. .. . ... .. .. .. . . ... . .. ... .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. ..
Northeast
AH incomesl ..... . . ... .. . .. .. . ... .. .. ... . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. ... . . .... . . ... .. . ... . .. .. . .. ...
Less than $5,000 . ... .. .. . .... . . .... . .. ... .. .... . . .... . . ... . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .... . . .. ... ... .. . .... .. ... . .. .. .$5,000-$9,999 ... ... .. .. .. .... .. . ... . . .... . . ... . .. .... . . ... . . .... . . ... . .. ... .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .$10,000-$14,999 .. .... . .. ... .. .... . .. ... . .. ... . ... ... . ... . . ... .. .. .. . . .... . .. .. .. . ... . .. .. ... . .. .. ... ..$15,000 or more ... ... .. ... .. .. ... .. ... ... . .. .. . .... .. ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. . ... .. .... . . .... .. .. ..
North Central
All incomesl .... ... .. ... . ... .. .. . .. .. .. ... . . .... .. . ... . . ... . .. ... .. . .... . .. .. .. ... . . ... .. .
Less than $5,000 .... . ... ... ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. ... . ... .. . ... . . .... . . ... . .. ... . . ... .. ..... . .... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .
$5,000-$9,988 .. . ..... . . ... .. . .. . .. . ... . .. .... .. .. .. . .... . . ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... . .... . .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. . ..$10,000-$14,999 .. ... . ... .... .. . .. ... .. .... .. ... . ... . .. . ... ... .. . .. . ... .. . .. .. . .... .. ... .. . ... . . ... .. . .$15,000 or more .. .... .. .... .. .... .. ... . .. .. .. . .. ... . ... .. ... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... . . .... . .. ... .. .. .. . .
South
All incomesl .... .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. ... .. . ... .. . ... .. .... . . .. .. .. .... .. .. .. . ... .. . ... .. . ... . .. .
Less than $5,000 ... .. ... .. . ... .. .. .. . . .... ... ... . .. ... . . ... . .. ... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... .. .... . .. .. . ... .
$5,000-$9,999 .. ... .. .. .. .. . ... . ... .. . .. ... . . ... .. . .... . .. .. .. . ... .. .... ... .. .. . ... . .. ... .. .... . .. ... .. ..$10,000-$14,999 .. .. . .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .... . .. .. .. . .... . . ... . .. .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. . ... .. . .. . .. ... .. .. .. . .. ..$15,000 or more ... . .. ... . . .... ... .. .. . ... . .. .... .. ... . . ... . .. ... .. . .. . .. .... ... .. . .. .... . . ... . .. .. .. . ..
West
All incomesl ... .. . .... .. .. .. . .... .. . ... . . .. .. . .... . .. .. . ... ... . . .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . .... . . ... .
Less than $5,000 . .. .. .. .. . .... . . ... . . .... .. .... . . ... .. . .. .. . .... . .. . ... .... . .. ... . . ... . .. .. .. . .... . . ... .
$5,000-$9,999 .... . .. .... .. . ... . . .... . . ... . .. ... . ... ... .. .. .. .... . .. ... . .. .. .. ... . .. .... . .. .. .. . ... . . ... .$10,000-$14,988 ... ... . . ... .. . .... . .. .. ... ... .. . ... .. . ... .. .... . .. .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. ... . . ... ... .. .. .. ... .$15,000 or more .. .. .... . . ... . .. ... . .. ... .. . .. . .. ... . .. .. .. . .... . . ... . .. ... .. ... .. .. .. . . .. .. .. ... . .. .. ..
Per- Blue plansons
lnsur-
with Pre-ancer
hos-Blue Blue
Otherpaid
un-Blue
pitaland
and planplan known
onlyinsur-
pre-other
type
antepaid only
Percent distribution
100.0
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
I 00.0100.0100.0100.0
37.5
35.338.4
37.836.7
51.9
56.556.451.848.9
39.3
39.741.140.537.0
31.4
28.430.530.633.5
23.9
22.824.624.023.9
TT0.3 6.7 2.5
* 4.6 1.90.2 4.2 2.1
0.2 6.0 2.60.4 9.1 2.7
0.7 10.3 1.4I 1
● 4.9 I 2.70.70.50.9
*
**●
●
*
*●
☛
●
0.5
●
☛
☛
0.8
5.5 0.99.9 1.5
13.9 1.3
5.8 0.9
5.0 ●
3.6 0.94.5 0.98.1 0.9
6.1 0.5
5.1 *4.5 ●
6.1 0.77.9 0.7
4.0 10.1
● 8.83.0 10.22.7 10.25.6 9.9
39.2 I 13.9
39.3 18.840.7 14.4
39.4 14.039.1 12.0
25.1 I 10.5
22.1 I 12.825.2 11.225.3 10.926.0 8.9
40.6 13.4
35.6 19.140.2 14.241.7 12.241.1 12.8
47.0 15.0
447.0 19.250.1 14.646.6 16.046.0 11.9
43.5 18.0
43.0 24.043.0 19.044.5 18.444.6 15.1
lIncIudes ~n~own ~co~e.
NOTE: The approximate relative standard errors of the estimates shown in this table are found on pages 38 and 39.
29
Table 19. Number and percent distribution of persons under 65 years of age with no private hospital insurance bv reason for having no coverage, according to family income and age:United States, 1974
r.’ey design, general qualifications, and information un the reliability of the estimatesrms are given in appendix 111I
[ Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutiwmlized pap.laticm. Thearc given in appendix 1. Definitions o!
Persons withno hospitalinsurance II Reason for having no hospital insurance
Othertvpe
of aidavail.able
insur-ancenot
avail-able
or notobtain-
able
Doesnot
believein
insur-ance
or hasgoad
health1Can-Per-
not
centaffordinsur-ance
Dis-satis-fied
withpre-
viousinsur-ance
2.2.
2.01.92.42.6
1.1
1OtherUn-
known
FamilV income and age
ber inthou-sands
17,498
All Incomes 1
All age$ under 65 years .... ... ........ ........ .. ............ .. ...... .. ... ...... ... .. ...... .. ........... ... ...... .
Percent distribution
100.0 40.2 10.5 11,3 1.9-
1.32.32.32.2
1.1
31,9 I 2.0
8,316.813.4
9.5
6.0
I 5,0457,4208,2816,752
6,435
2,3491,2461,1851,656
7,422
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0—100.0100.0100.0100.0
100,0
39.840.340.540.4
47.8
40.123.627.328.3
0.71.11.96.1
7.614.012.310.8
7.0
Less than $3,000
All agesunder 65 Vears .. ............ ........ .. ........ ... ......... .. ...... ... ... .. ...... .. ...... ...... .. ... ... .. 34.9 I 2.2—47.647.147.049.0
44.6
43.0 “24.3 ●
34.5 “31.8 5.6
4.214.3
7.05.5
8.1
.
.
.
.
1.9—
1.5..
2.7
1.9
3.110.6
:::
6.0
3.79.65.87.9
10.0
.
.
.
.
0.9
.
.
.
.
1.2
$3,000-$4,999
36.2 I 2.3All agesunder 65 Vears .... ... .. ... ............ .. ........... ... ...... ... .. ...... .. ......... ... .. ...... ... ... .. ...
3,2531,3781,5131,277
6,479
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
42.046.247.347.6
45.0
46.0 “27.1 ‘32.0 “26.0 7.6
5.612.710.1
7.4
9.2
$5,000-$6,999
30.5 I 2.2All ages undm 65 vears .... ... .. ..... ...... ...... ........... ... .. ......... ..... ...... .. ...... ... ... .. .... .. ..... .
37.3 ‘24.4 “23.8 ●
27.3 6.3
6.511.711.510.7
11.2
1.8.
2.5.
2.6.
2.6●
●
.
2.1
7.912.612.7
8.5
13.5
.“
.
.
1.2
2,8961,2271,418
938
5,500
2,2921,0641,365
779
5,115
1,9561,0571,264
627
3,s1?
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0—100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0
44.647.446.241.4
42.7
$7.000-$9,689
All ages under 65 years ..... ...... .. ............ .. ...... .. .... .. ...... .. ... ... ...... ... .. ... ... ... .......... .... . 27.3 I 1.5—45.236.345.639.0
31.4
30.9 I “ 9.813.512.010.7
13.6
10.620.616.66.9
37.9
●
✎
✎
✎
2.3
I*23.5 “21,432,0 6.0
31.1 1.6
$10,OOOW4,989
All ages under 65 vears .......... .. ..... ... ... ... ...... .. ...... ...... .. ...... ... .. ... ... ... ... .. ......... .. ... ...
8.616.215.117.0
15.7
13.116.917.716.1
2.2...
3.9
15.525.016.713.3
20.3
●
✎
✎
✎
3.3
100.0100.0100.0100.0
100.0—
100.0100.O100.0100.0
.
29.433.831.233.3
20.e
1.41.5 ‘20.0
126.2 “25.4 5.1
34.5 1,8
45.8 “23.6 “26.5 ‘36.7 “
$15,000 or more
All agesunder 65 years ... .. .. .. .. ...... .. ...... ... ... .. ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ..... ... .. ......... .. .... ... ... —15.926.522.716.4
3.0.
3.9.
1,266923664664
17.324.i20.E20.E
3.74.14.4
.—
lIncludes unknc.wn income.
NOTE: The approximate relative Wmdurd errors of the estimates shown in this table arc found on pages38 and 39.
30
APPENDIXES
CONTENTS
I.
IL
III.
L
IL
m.
v.
Technicsd Notes on Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Background of This Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Statistical Design of the HeaIth Interview Survey . . . .GcneraI Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rcliabiity of Estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definitions of Certain Terms Used in This Report . . . . . .Health Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kindof Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Terms Relating to Hospitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘kms Rclatin~ to Disability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Demographic Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Innuance Pages rmd Card N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES
Relative standard errors for population characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relative standard errors of percentages of population characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
States included in tbe four geographic regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wsification ofoccupatiom mdtitircemm codenubem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industry categories andcorresponding census and SICcodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3232323435
404040404142
47
38
39
43
45
45
31
APPENDIX I
TECHNICAL NOTES ON METHODS
Background of This Report
This report is one of a series of statisticalreports prepared by the National Center forHealth Statistics (NCHS). It is based on infor-mation collected in a continuing nationwidesample of households in the Health InterviewSurvey (HIS).
The Health Interview Survey utilizes aquestionnaire which obtains information on per-sonal and demographic characteristics, illnesses,injuries, impairments, chronic conditions, andother health topics. As data relating to each ofthese various broad topics are tabulated andanalyzed, separate reports are issued which coverone or more of the specific topics. The presentreport is based on data collected in householdinterviews during 1974.
The population covered by the sample forthe Health Interview Survey is the civilian, non-institutionalized population of the United Statesliving at the time of the interview. The sampledoes not include members of the Armed Forcesor I_T.S. nationals living in foreign countries. Itshould also be noted that the estimates showndo not represent a complete measure of anygiven topic during the specified calendar periodsince data are not collected in the interview forpersons who died during the reference period.For many types of statistics collected in the sur-vey, the reference period covers the 2 weeksprior to the interview week. For such a shortperiod, the contribution by decedents to a totalinventory of conditions or services should bevery small. However, the contribution by de-cedents during a long reference period (e.g., 1year) might be sizable, especially for olderpersons.
Statistical Design of theHealth Interview Survey
General pkzn.–The sampIing plan of thesurvey follows a multistage probability designwhich permits a continuous sampling of thecivilian, noninstitutionzdized population of theUnited States. The sample is designed in such away that the sample of households interviewedeach week is representative of the target popula-tion and that weekly samples are additive overtime. This feature of the design permits bothcontinuous measurement of characteristics ofsamples and more detailed analysis of less com-mon characteristics and smaller categories ofhealth-related items. The continuous collectionhas administrative and operational advantages aswell as technical assets since it permits fieldworkto be handled with an experienced, stable staff.
The overall sample was designed so thattabulations can be provided for each of the fourmajor geographic regions and for urban and ruraIsectors of the United States.
The first stage of the sample design consistsof drawing a sample of 357 primary samplingunits (PSU’S) from approximately 1,900 geo-graphically defined PSU’S. A PSU consists of acounty, a small group of contiguous counties, ora standard metropolitan statistical area. ThePSU’S collectively cover the 50 States and theDistrict of Columbia.
With no 10SS in general understanding, theremaining stages can be combined and treated inthis discussion as an ultimate stage. WithinPSU’S, then, ultimate stage units called segmentsare defined in such a manner that each segmentcontains an expected four households. Threegeneral types of segments are used:
32
Area segments which are defined geographically.
List segments, using 1960 census registers as theframe.
Permit segments, using updated lists of buildingpermits issued in sample PSU’S since 1970.
Census address listings were used for all areas ofthe country where addresses were well definedand could be used to locate housing units. Ingeneral the list frame included the larger urbanareas of the United States from which abouttwo-thirds of the HIS sample was selected.
The usuaJ HIS sample consists of approxi-mately 12,000 segments containing 50,000assigned households, of which 9,000 were va-cant, demolished, or occupied by persons not inthe scope of the survey. The 41,000 eligibleoccupied households yield a probability sampleof about 116,000 persons in 40,000 interviewedhouseholds in a year.
Descriptive material on data collection,field procedures, and questionnaire developmentin the HIS has been published ~z as well as adetailed description of the sample designs and areport on the estimation procedure and themethod used to calculate sampling errors ofestimates derived from the survey.4
1National Center for Health Statistics: Health sur-vey procedure: concepts, questionnaire development,and definitions in the Health Interview Survey. Vital andHealth Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 1000-Senes l-No. 2.Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, May 1964.
2National Center for Health Statistics: HealthInterview Survey Procedure, 1957-1974. Vital andHealth Statistics. Series l-No. 11. DHEW Pub. No.(H RA) 75-1311. Health Resources Administration.Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Apr.1975.
3U.S. National Health Survey: The statistical designof the health household intemiew survey. Health Statis-tics. PHS Pub. No. 584-A2. Public Health Service. Wash-ington, D. C., July 1958.
4National Center for Health Statistics: Estima-tion and sampling variance in the Health Interview Sur-vey. Vital and Health Statzktics. PHS Pub. No. 1000-Senes 2-No. 38. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S.Government Printing Office, June 1970.
Collection of data. –Field operations forthe survey are performed by the U.S. Bureau ofthe Census under specifications established bythe National Center for Health Statistics. In ac-cordance with these specifications the Bureau ofthe Census participates in survey planning, se-lects the sample, and conducts the field inter-viewing as an agent of NCHS. The data arecoded, edited, and tabuhated by NCHS.
Estimating procedures. –Since the design ofHIS is a complex multistage probability sample,it is necessary to use complex procedures in thederivation of estimates. Four basic operationsare involved:
1.
2.
3.
4.
to
Inflation by the reciprocal of the probabilityof selection. —The probability of selection isthe product of the probabilities of selectionfrom each step of selection in the design(PSU, segment, and household).
iVonresponse adjustment. –The estimates areinflated by a multiplication factor which hasas its numerator the number of sample house-holds in a given segment and as its denomina-tor the number of households interviewed inthat segment.
First-stage ratio adjustment. –Samplingtheory indicates that the use of auxiliary in-formation, which is highly correlated with thevariables being estimated, improves the re-liability of the estimates. To reduce thevariability between PSU’S within a re~on, theestimates are ratio adjusted to the 1970populations with 12 color-residence classes.
Poststratification b? age-sex-color. –The esti-mates are ratio adjusted within each of 60age-sex-color celk to an independent estimateof the population of each cell for the surveyperiod. These independent estimates are pre-pared by the Bureau of the Census. Both thefirst-stage and poststratified ratio adjust-ments take the form of multiplication factorsapplied to the weight of each elementary unit(person, household, condition, andhospitalization).
The effect of the ratio-estim.iting process ismake the samrde more closely representative
A ,.
of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population
33
by age-, sex, color, and residence, which thereby.-reduces sampling variance.
As noted, each week’s sample representsthe population living during that week and char-acteristics of the population. Consolidation ofsamples over a time period, e.g., a calendarquarter, produces estimates of average character-istics of the U.S. population for the calendarquarter. Similarly, population data for a year areaverages of the four quarterly figures.
For prevalence statistics, such as number ofpersons with speech impairments or number ofpersons classified by time interval since lastphysician visit, figures are first calculated foreach calendar quarter by averaging estimates forall weeks of interviewing in the quarter. Prev-alence data for a year are then obtained byaveraging the four quarterly figures.
For other types of statistics–namely thosemeasuring the number of occurrences during aspecified time period—such as incidence of acuteconditions, number of disability days, or num-ber of visits to a doctor or dentist, a similarcomputational procedure is used, but the statis-tics are interpreted differently. For these items,the questionnaire asks for the respondent’s ex-perience over the 2 calendar weeks prior to theweek of interview. In such instances the esti-mated quarterly total for the statistic is 6.5times the average 2-week estimate produced bythe 13 successive samples taken during theperiod. The annual total is the sum of the fourquarters. Thus the experience of persons irzter-viewed during a year–experience which actuallyoccurred for each person in a 2-caIendar-weekinterval prior to week of interview—is treated asthough it measured the total of such experiencedurz”ng the year. Such interpretation leads to nosignificant bias.
General Qualifications
Nonresponse. –Data were adjusted for non-response by a procedure which imputes to per-sons in a household which was not interviewedthe characteristics of persons in households inthe same segment which were interviewed, Thetotal nonintervie w rate was about 3.1 percent—1.5 percent was refusal, and the remainder was
primarily due to the failure to find an eligiblerespondent at home after repeated calls.
The interview process. –The statistics pre-sented in this report are based on replies ob-tained in interviews with persons in the samplehouseholds. Each person 19 years of age andover present at the time~ of interview was inter-viewed individually. For children and fc)r adultsnot present in the home at the time of the inter-view, the information was obtained from a re-lated household member such as a spouse or themother of a child.
There are limitations to the accuracy ofdiagnostic and other information collected inhousehold interviews. For diagnostic infor-mation, the household respondent can usuallypass on to the interviewer only the informationthe physician has given to the family. For condi-tions not medically attended, diagnostic infor-mation is often no more than a description ofsymptoms. However, other facts, such as thenumber of disability days caused by the condi-tion, can be obtained more accurately fromhousehold members than from any other sourcesince only the persons concerned are in a posi-tion to report this information.
Rounding of numbers.–The originaJ. tabula-tions on which the data in this report are basedshow all estimates to the nearest whole unit. Allconsolidations were made from the originaltabulations using the estimates to the nearestunit. In the final published tables, the figures arerounded to the nearest thousand, although theseare not necessarily accurate to that detail. De-vised statistics such as rates and percen~t distri-butions are computed after the estimates onwhich these are based have been rounded to thenearest thousand.
Population figures. -Some of the publishedtables include population figures for specifiedcategories. Except for certain overall totals byage, sex, and color, which are adjusted to in-dependent estimates, these figures are based onthe sample of households in the HIS. These aregiven primarily to provide denominators for ratecomputation, and for this purpose are more ap-propriate for use with the accompanying meas-ures of health characteristics than other popula-tion data that maytion of the overall
be available. With the excep-totals by age, sex, and color
34
mentioned above, the population figures differfrom figures (which are derived from differentsources) published in reports of the Bureau ofthe Census. Official population estimates arepresented in Bureau of the Census reports inSeries P-20, P-25, and P-60.
Reliability of Estimates
Since the statistics presented in this reportare based on a sample, they will differ somewhatfrom the figures that would have been obtainedif a complete census had been taken using thesame schedules, instructions, and interviewingpersonnel and procedures.
As in any survey, the results are also sub-ject to reporting and processing errors and errorsdue to nonresponse. To the extent possible,these types of errors were kept to a minimum bymethods built into survey procedures.s Althoughit is very difficult to measure the extent of biasin the Health Interview Survey, a number ofstudies have been conducted to study this prob-lem. The results have been published in severalreports.6-9
s Nation~ Center for Health Statistics: Qualitycontrol and measurement of nonsampling error in theHealth Interview Survey. Vital and Health Statistics.Series 2-No. 54. DHEW Pub. No. (HSM) 73-1328. HealthServices and Mental Health Administration. Washington.U.S. Government Printing Office, Mar. 1973.
6National Center for Health Statistics: Health in-terview responses compared with medical records. Vitaland Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 1000-Senes 2-No. 7.Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government
‘nntin$off~e’Ju’y ‘965.National Center for Health Statistics: Compari-son of hospitalization reporting in three survey proce-dures. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No.1000-Series 2-No. 8. Public Health Service. Washington.U.S. Government Printing Office, July 1965.
8National Center for Health Statistics: Interviewdata on chronic conditions compared with informationderived from medical records. Vital and HealthStatzktics. PHS Pub. No. 1000-Series 2-No. 23. PublicHealth Service. Washington. U.S. Government PrintingOffice, May 1967.
9Nation~ Center for Heal~ Statistics: The influ-ence of interviewer and respondent psychological andbehavioral variables on the reporting in household inter-views. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No.1000 -Series 2-No. 26. Public Health Service. Washington.U.S. Government Printing Office, Mar. 1968.
The standard error is primarily a measureof sampling variability, that is, the variationsthat might occur by chance because only asample of the population is surveyed. As calcu-lated for this report, the standard error also re-flects part of the variation which arises in themeasurement process. It does not include esti-mates of any biases which might be in the data.The chances are about 68 out of 100 that anestimate from the sample would differ from acomplete census by Iess than the standard error.The chances are about 95 out of 100 that thedifference would be less than twice the standarderror and about 99 out of 100 that it would beless than 2Y2 times as large.
The relative standard error of an estimate isobtained by dividing the standard error of theestimate by the estimate itself and is expressedas a percentage of the estimate. For this report,asterisks are shown for any cell with more than a30-percent relative standard error. Included inthis appendix are charts from which the relativestandard errors can be determined for estimatesshown in the report (figs. I and II). In order toderive relative errors which would be applicableto a wide variety of health statistics and whichcould be prepared at a moderate cost, a numberof approximations were required. As a result,the charts provide an estimate of the approxi-mate relative standard error rather than theprecise error for any specific aggregate or per-centage.
Three classes of statistics for the healthsurvey are identified for purposes of estimating\7ariances.
Ararrow rmzge.-This class consists of ( 1) sta-tistics which estimate a population attribute,e.g., the number of persons in a particular in-come group, and (2) statistics for which themeasure for a single individual during the refer-ence period used in data collection is usuallyeither O or 1 or on occasion may take on thevalue 2 or very rarely 3.
Medium range. –Thk class consists of other sta-tistics for which the measure for a single indi-vidual during the reference period used in datacollection will rarely lie outside the range O to 5.
Wide range. –This class consists of statistics forwhich the measure for a single individual during
35
the reference period used in data collection canrange from O to a number in excess of 5, e.g.,the number of days of bed disability.
In addition to classifying variables accord-ing to whether they are narrow-, medium-, orwide-range, statistics in the survey are furtherclassified as to whether they are based on areference period of 2 weeks, 6 months, or 12months.
Genera 1 rules for determining relutivestandard ermm. -The following rules will enablethe reader to determine approximate relativestandard errors from the charts for estimatespresented in this report. These charts representnew and better approximations of the relativestandard errors of HIS data. They should beused in preference to the charts which haveappeared in all previous Series 10 publications.
Rule 1.
Rule 2.
Rule 3.
Estimates of agpegates: Approximaterelative standard errors for estimates ofaggregates such as the number of per-sons with a given characteristic are ob-tained from the appropriate curve infigure I. The number of persons in thetotal U.S. population or in an age-sex-color class of the total population isadjusted to official Bureau of the Cen-sus figures and is not subject to sam-pling error.Estimates of percentages in a percentdistribution: Relative standard errorsfor percentages in a percent distributionof the total are obtained from theappropriate curve in figure 11. For val-ues which do not fall on one of thecurves presented in the chart, visualinterpolation will provide a satisfactoryapproximation.Estimates of rates where the numeratoris a subclass of the denominator: Thisrule applies for prevalence rates orwhere a unit of the numerator occurs,with few exceptions, only once in theyear for any one unit in the denomi-nator. For example, in computing therate of visual impairments per 1,000population, the numerator consisting ofpersons with the impairment is a sub-class of the denominator, which in-
Rule 4.
Rule 5.
eludes all persons in the population.Such rates if converted to rates per 100may be treated as though they werepercentages and the relative standarderrors obtained from the percentagechart for population estimates. Ratesper 1,000, or on any other base, mustfirst be converted to rates per 100; thenthe percentage chart will provide therelative standard error per 100.Estimates of rates where the numeratoris not a subclass of the denominator:This rule applies where a unit of thenumerator often occurs more than oncefor any one unit in the denominator.For example, in the computation of thenumber of persons injured per 100 cur-rently employed persons per year, it ispossible that a person in the denomi-nator could have sustained more thanone of the injuries included in the nu-merator. Approximate relative standarderrors for rates of this kind may becomputed as follows:
(a)
(b)
Where the denominator is the totalU.S. population or includes all per-sons in one or more of the age-sex-color groups of the total popu-lation, the relative error of the rateis equivalent to the relative error ofthe numerator, which can be ob-tained directly from the appro-priate chart.In other cases the relative standarderror of the numerator and of thedenominator can be obtained fromthe appropriate curve. Square eachof these relative errors, add the re-sulting values, and extract thesquare root of the sum. This pro-c e dure will result in anl upper
bound on the standard error and of-ten will overstate the error.
Estimates of difference between two.statistics (mean, - “rate, total, etc.): Thestandard error of a difference is approx-imately the square root of the sum ofthe squares of each standard error con-sidered separately. A formula for the
36
standard error of a difference,
where X1 is the estimate for class 1~XZ
is the estimate for clas~ 2, and VX~ and
v~* are the relative errors of Xl andX2, respectively. This formula wiII
represent the actual standard error quiteaccurately for the difference betweenseparate and uncorrelated character-istics although it is only a rough approx-imation in most other cases. The rela-tive standard error of each estimateinvolved in such a difference can be de-termined by one of the four rulesabove, whichever is appropriate.
37
Figure 1. Relative standard errors for population Characteristics.1
100908070
60
50
40
30
20
*n
# 1 J+ — —. –— k~ –– --
t ‘-”””- ‘-—
1----“ t— I
6
5
4
3
—:.:- ———--—t~:-+:.:’”~ ~!::w&q. Uuum , , ,-
--- L_+
!--— -- —1U +
L... —.+—:” ~*: Tyfi! ’----------: --’~-- —:... --J+ !-m-h+ !: ’11I
!I, nil”;. .,, ,$ I
1111!, 
Figure 11. Relative standard errors of percentages of population characteristics.l
(Base of percentage shown on curves in millions)100
“ wm’:~~~’[g~~;;;_ ~ .-...,
~fi . ..- . ~.. . ..-~ .7—. --r .-. ..-—
1
.Iltt{tlit+h 1-
‘, 1114.1 L.
I.lll! u-1
1..1. + } +.}.+I
10090807060
50
40
tT’bkltm—i—+’—+~4i --1--.1- -+ t--t-p{+ i t~~t~- -----
—--t-- ~ - -
30’”w$w?F-R!TT: ~ ~ ~ ~ “
L 1 3(3
;-l=M+P+-H-i::; r I I ++++-1uukl-1-l I -
m! :>.!!}.!!!!! 1 1 1 I 1 , I I I 111111 LI -
H&+HwW+ I I I I I I I I !! U-H-IUI”
kl- 1 1 1 ,,: 1 I I I 111111[1
!--t-t-t-’l-- l-lllllwilwil I 200% i -’LIm lNl~i~t 1< h 1, (.,I . I I I I I 1!11
I II 111111~11~
1.9.8,-
.6
.5
.4
! I , I I I I I ,)
I ,, Itf+lllll I I 1 , 1 4
1.9
.8
.7
.61 I 1 ,,;1; [Illli
I1.—*+. :
I !I 1
.4
A 2 3 4567 8 9A 2 3 456789A 2 3 4567891 10 100
ESTIMATED PERCENTAGElThese~uwesre~~esent~stimatesof relative standard emors of percentages of population characteristics based on 4 quarters of
data collection for narrow range estimates.
Example of use of chart: h estimate of 20 percent (on scale at bottom of chart) based on anestimate of 10,000,000 has a relative standard error of 3.6 percent (read from the scale at the left sideof chart), the point at which the curve for a base of 10,000,000 intersects the vertical line for 20percent. The standard error in percentage points is equal to 20 percent X 3.6 percent or 0.72percentage points.
39
DEFINIT
Health Insurance
APPENDIX II
ONS OF CERTAIN TERMS USED IN TH
Health insurance is any plan specifically de-signed to pay all or part of the medical or hospi-tal expenses of the insured individual. The in-surance can be either a group or an individualpolicy with the premiums paid by the individual,his employer, a third party, or a combination ofthese. Benefits received under the plan can be inthe form of payment to the individual or to thehospital or doctor. However, the plan must be aformal one with defined membership and bene-fits rather than an informal one. For example,an employer simply paying the hospital bill foran employee would not constitute a health in-surance plan.
For the Health Interview Survey, health in-surance excludes the following kinds of plans:(1) plans limited to the “dread diseases” such ascancer and polio, (2) free care such as publicassistance, public welfare, and Medicaid, caregiven free of charge to veterans, care given underthe uniformed services dependents medical careprogram, care given under the Uniformed Serv-ices Dependents Medical Care Program, care givenunder the Crippled Children Program or similarprograms, and care of persons admitted to ahospital for research purposes, (3) insurancewhich pays bills only for accidents, such asliability insurance held by a car or propertyowner, insurance that covers children for acci-dents at school or camp, and insurance for aworker that covers him only for accidents,injuries, or diseases incurred on the job, and (4)insurance which pays only for loss of income.
Kind of Coverage
Hospital. –Insurance which pays all or partof the hospital bill for the hospitalized person.
S REPORT
The hospital bill is limited to the bill submittedby the - hospital itself, not the doctor’s orsurgeon’s bill or the bill for special nurses. Sucha bill always includes the cost of room and mealsand may also include the cost of other servicessuch as operating room, laboratory tests, andX-rays.
Surgical. –Insurance which pays in whole orpart the bill of the doctor or surgeon for anoperation whether performed in a hospital or inthe doctor’s office. Insurance that pays the costof visits to a doctor’s office for postoperativecare is included as surgical insurance.
k?o w plan was obtained. –Group plan isdefined as an insurance plain obtained for agroup of persons; that is, a group of employees,a group of union members, or some other typeof group of persons. Individual plan is oneobtained by the person himself soIely for him-self and/or his family or perhaps for some otherperson or persons, such as his parents.
Type of insuring organization. –Blue plansinclude any plan which the respondent said wasBlue Cross, Blue Shield, or which appeared inthe Blue Cross and Blue Shield Directories.Prepaid plans are those issued for a grouppractice prepayment plan, such as the .HealthInsurance Plan of Greater New York or theGroup Health Association of Washington, D.C.
Terms Relating to Hospitalization
Hospital episode.–A hospital episode is anycontinuous period of stay of one night or morea hospital as an inpatient except the period ofstay of a well newborn infant. A hospital epi-
40
sode is recorded for a family member wheneverany part of his hospital stay is included in the12-month period prior to the interview week.
Hospital. –For this survey a hospital is de-fined as any institution meeting one of the fol-lowing criteria: (1) named in the listing ofhospitals in the current Guide Issue of Hospitals,the Journal of the American Hospital Asso-ciation, or (2) found on the Master Facility In-ventory List maintained by the National Centerfor Health Statistics.
Short-stay hospital.–A short-stay hospitalis one for which the type of service provided bythe hospital is general; maternity; eye, ear, nose,and throat; children’s; or osteopathic; or it maybe the hospital department of an institution.
Terms Relating to Disability
Chronic activity limitation. –Persons areclassified into four categories according to theextent to which their activities are limited atpresent as a result of chronic conditions. Sincethe usual activities of preschool children,school-age children, housewives, and workersand other persons differ, a different set of cri-teria is used for each group. There is a generaIsimilarity between them, however, as will beseen in the following descriptions of the fourcategories:
1.
2.
Persons unable to carry on major activity fortheir poup (major activity refers to ability towork, keep house, or engage in school or pre-school activities)
Preschool children:Inability to take part in ordinary playwith other children.
School-age children:Inability to go to school.
Housewives:Inability to do any housework.
Workers and all other persons:Inability to work at a job or business.
Persons limited in amount or kind of majoractivity performed (major activity refers toability to work, keep house, or engage inschool or preschool activities)
3.
4.
Preschool children:Limited in amount or kind of play withother children, e.g., need special restperiods, cannot play strenuous games, orcannot play for long periods at a time.
School-age children:Limited to certain types of schools or inschool attendance, e.g., need specialschools or special teaching or cannot go toschool full time or for long periods at atime.
Housewives:Limited in amount or kind of housework,e.g., cannot lift children, wash or iron, ordo housework for long periods at a time.
Workers and alI other persons:Limited in amount or kind of work, e.g.,need special working aids or special restperiods at work, cannot work full time orfor long periods at a time, or cannot dostrenuous work.
Persons not limited in major activity butotherwise limited (major activity refers toability to work, keep house, or engage inschool or preschool activities)
Preschool children:Not classified in this category.
School-age children:Not limited in going to school but limitedin participation in athletics or other extra-curricular activities.
Housewives:Not limited in housework but limited inother activities such as church, clubs,hobbies, civic projects, or shopping.
Workers and all other persons:Not limited in regular work activities butlimited in other activities such as church,clubs, hobbies, civic projects, sports, orgames.
Persons not limited in activities (includespersons whose activities are not limited inany of the ways described above)
41
Demographic Terms
Age. –The age recorded for each person isthe age at last birthday. Age is recorded in singleyears and grouped in a variety of distributionsdepending on the purpose of the table.
Color. –The population is divided into twocolor groups, “white” and “all other. ” “Allother” includes Black, American Indian, Chi-nese, Japanese, and any other race. Mexican per-sons are included with “white” unless definitelyknown to be Indian or of another race.
Into m e of family or of unrelatedindividual.-Each member of a family is classi-fied according to the total income of the familyof which he is a member. Within the householdall persons related to each other by blood, mar-riage, or adoption constitute a family. Unrelatedindividuals are classified according to their ownincome.
The income recorded is the total of all in-come received by members of the family (or byan unrelated individual) in the 12-month periodpreceding the week of interview. Income fromall sources is included, e.g., wages, salaries, rentsfrom property, pensions, and help from rela-tives.
Education.–The categories of educationstatus show the years of school completed. Onlyyears completed in regular schools, where per-sons are given a formal education, are included.A “regular” school is one which advances a per-so n toward an elementary or high schooldiploma or a college, university, or professionalschooI degree. Thus education in vocational,trade, or business schools outside the regularschool system is not counted in determining thehighest grade of school completed.
Education of head of family or of unrelatedindividuals. —Each member of a famiI y is classi-fied according to the education of the head ofthe family of which he is a member. Within thehousehold all persons related to each other bybIood, marriage, or adoption constitute a famiIy.
Unrelated individuals are classified according totheir own education.
Marital status. –Marital status is recordedonly for persons 17 years of age or older. The
marital status categories in this report. are asfollows:
Under 17 includes all persons aged 0-16 regard-less of their marital status.
Married includes all married persons not sepa-rated from their spouses. Persons with common-law marriage are considered as married.
Never married includes persons who were nevermarried and persons whose onIy marriage wasannulled.
Separated includes married persons whc) have alegal separation or who have parted because ofother reasons. This does not incIude persons sep-arated from their spouses because of the circum-stances of their employment or service in theArmed Forces; these persons are consideredmarried.
Widowed and divorced include, respectively, allpersons who said they were either widowed orlegally divorced.
Usua[ activity .–All persons in the popula-tion are classified according to their usual activ-ity during the 12-month period prior to theweek of interview. The “usual” activity, in casemore than one is reported, is the one at whichthe person spent the most time during the12-month period. Children under 6 years of ageare classified as “preschool. ” All persons aged6-16 years are classified as “school age. ”
The categories of usual activity used inthis report for persons aged 17 years and overare usually working, usually going to school,usually keeping house, retired, and other activ-ity. For several reasons these categories are notcomparable with somewhat similarly named cat-egories in official Federal labor force statistics.First, the responses concerning usual activity areaccepted without detailed questioning since theobjective of the question is not to estimate thenumbers of persons in labor force categories butto identify crudely certain population groupswhich may have differing health proble]ms. Sec-ond, the figures represent the usual activity sta-tus over the period of an entire year, whereasofficial labor force statistics relate to a much
42
shorter period, usuaIIy 1 week. Third, the mini-mum age for usually working persons is 17 inthe Health Interview Survey, and the official la-bor force categories include aII persons aged 14or older. FinaIly, in the definitions of specificcategories which follow, certain marginal groupsare classified differently to simplify procedures.
Usually working includes persons 17 years of ageor older who are paid employees; self-employedin their own business, profession, or in farming;or unpaid employees in a family business orfarm. Work around the house or volunteer or un-paid work such as for a church is not counted asworking.
Usually going to school includes persons 17years of age or older whose major activity isgoing to school.
Usually keeping house includes female persons17 years of age or older whose major activity isdescribed as “keeping house” and who cannotbe classified as “working.”
Retired includes persons 45 years old and overwho consider themselves to be retired. In case ofdoubt, a person 45 years of age or older iscounted as retired if he or she has either volun-tarily or involuntarily stopped working, is notlooking for work, and is not described as “keep-ing house. ” A retired person may or may not beable to work.
Other activity includes all persons 17 years ofagc or older not classified as “working,” “re-tired,” or “going to school,” and females 17years of age or older not classified as “keepinghouse.”
Geographic region.– For the purpose ofclassifying the population by geographic area,the States are grouped into four regions. Theseregions, which correspond to those used by theU.S. Bureau of the Census, are shown infigure III.
Place of residence. –The pIace of residenceof a member of the civilian, noninstitutionalizedpopulation is classified as inside a standard met-ropolitan statistical area (SMSA) or outside anSMSA and either farm or nonfarm.
Region States Included
h’orthcast . . . . ‘ \Iainc. New Hampshire,
North Central . .
South . . . . .
Vermont, hlassachusetts,Rhode Island, Connecticut,New York, New Jersey, -Pennsylvania
Xlichigan, Ohio, Indiana,Illinois, Tt’isconsin,YIinncst)ta, Iowa, hlissouri,North Dakota, SouthDakota, Kansas, Nebraska
Delaware, JIaryland,District of Columbia,Virqinia, \$rest VirginiajNo&h Cwolina, SouthCarolinil, Georgia, Floridil,Kentucky, Texas, Tennessee,f!lahna, Xlississippi,Arkansas, Louisiana,Oklahoma
Xlontana, Idaho, \V;:oming,
Col{)rildc}, N~\~ XICXICC),.Arizonti, L’tab, Nmuda,li’ashingtt)n, ,Ilaska, Orcq}n,Calii’t)rIliil, I Lnvaii
Figure II 1. States included in the four geographic regions.
Standard metropolitan statistical areas. –The def-initions and titles of SMSA’s are established bythe U.S. Office of Management and Budget withthe advice of the Federal Committee on Stand-ard Metropolitan Statistical Areas.
The definition of an individual SMSA invoIvestwo considerations: first, a city or cities of speci-fied population which constitute the central cityand identify the county in which it is located asthe central county; second, economic and socialrelationships with contiguous counties (exceptin New England) which are metropolitan in char-acter so that the periphery of the specific metro-
43
politan area may be determined. SMSA’S are notlimited by State boundaries. In New England
SMSA’S consist of towns and cities, rather thancounties. The metropolitan population in this re-port is based on SMSA’S as defined in the 1970census and does not include any subsequent ad-ditions or changes.
Central cities. –Each SMSA must include at leastone central city. The complete title of an SMSAidentifies the central city or cities. If ordy onecentral city is desipated, then it must have50,000 inhabitants or more. The area title mayinclude, in addition to the largest city, up to twocity names on the basis and in the order of thefollowing criteria: (1) the additional city has atleast 250,000 inhabitants or (2) the additionalcity has a population of one-third or more ofthat of the largest city and a minimum popu-lation of 25,000. An exception occurs wheretwo cities have contiguous boundaries and con-stitute, for economic and social purposes, asingle community of at least 50,000, the smallerof which must have a population of at least15,000.
Farm and nonfarm residence. –The populationresiding outside SMSA’S is subdivided into thefarm population, which comprises all non-SMSAresidents living on farms, and the nonfarm popu-lation, which comprises the remaining outsideSMSA population. The farm population includespersons living on places of 10 acres or morefrom which sales of farm products amounted to$50 or more during the previous 12 months oron places of less than 10 acres from which salesof farm products amounted to $250 or moreduring the preceding 12 months. Other personsliving outside an SMSA were classified as non-farm if their household paid rent for the housebut their rent did not include any land used forfarming.
Sales of farm products refer to the gross receiptsfrom the sale of field crops, vegetables, fruits,nuts, livestock and livestock products (milk,wool, etc.), poultry and poultry products, andnursery and forest products produced on theplace and sold at any time during the preceding12 months.
In labor force. –Al1 persons 17 years andolder who worked at or had a job or business orwere looking for work or on layoff from workduring the 2-week period prior to the week ofinterview are in the labor force. The labor forceconsists of persons currently employed andthose not employed as defined below.
Currently employ ed.–Persons 17 years of ageand over who reported that at any time duringthe 2-week period covered by the interview theyeither worked at or had a job or business arecurrently employed. Current employment in-cludes paid work as an employee of someoneelse; self-employment in business, farming, orprofessional practice; and unpaid work in afamily business or farm. Persons who were tem-porarily absent from a job or business because ofa temporary illness, vacation, strike, or badweather are considered as currently employed ifthey expected to work as soon as the particularevent causing the absence no Ionger existed.
Free-lance workers are considered currently em-ployed if they had a definite arrangement withone employer or more to work for pay accord-ing to a weekly or monthly schedule, ~’ither fulltime or part time.
Excluded from the currently employed popu-lation are persons who have no definite employ-ment schedule but work only when their servicesare needed. Also excluded from the currentlyemployed population are (1) persons receivingrevenue from an enterprise but not participatingin its operation, (2) persons doing housework orcharity work for which they receive no pay, (3)seasonal workers during the portion of the yearthey were not working, and (4) persons whowere not working, even though having a job orbusiness, but were on layoff or looking forwork.
The number of currently employed persons esti-mated from the Health Interview Survey (HIS)will differ from the estimates prepared from theCurrent Population Survey (CPS) of the U.S.Bureau of the Census for several reasons. In ad-dition to sampling variability they include threeprimary conceptual differences, namely: (1) HISestimates are for persons 17 years of age and
44
over; CPS estimates are for persons 16 years ofage and over. (2) HIS uses a 2-week referenceperiod, while CPS uses a 1-week reference pe-riod. (3) HIS is a continuing survey with sepa-rate samples taken weekly; CPS is a monthlysample taken for the survey week which includesthe 12th of the month.
Currently unemployed. –Persons 17 years andover who during the 2-week period prior to in-terview did not work or had no job or businessbut were looking for work and those who had ajob but were on layoff or looking for work areconsidered currently unemployed.
Not in labor force. –Persons not in thelabor force are all persons under 17 years of ageand other persons who did not at any timeduring the 2-week period covered by the inter-view have a job or business, were not looking forwork, and were not on layoff from a job. Ingeneral, persons excluded from the Iabor forceare children under 17, retired persons, physicallyhandicapped persons unable to work, and house-wives or charity workers who receive no pay.
Occupation.–A person’s occupation maybe defined as his principal job or business. Forthe purposes of this survey, the principal job orbusiness is defined in one of the following ways.If the person worked during the 2-week refer-ence period of the interview, or had a job orbusiness, the question concerning his occupation(or what kind of work he was doing) applies tohis job during that period. If the respondentheld more than one job, the question is directedto the one at which he spent the most time. Foran unemployed person, this question refers tothe last full-time civilian job he had. A personwho has a job to which he has not yet reported,and has never had a previous job or business, isclassified as a “new worker. ”
The occupation classes presented in this re-port and their code numbers as found in theClassified Index of Occupations and Industriesof the U.S. Bureau of the Census are shown infigure IV.
Industry .–The industry in which a personwas reportedly working is classified by the majoractivity of the establishment in which heworked. The only exceptions, the few establish-
Occupation classification
W%ite-colkr workers
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ... . . .Managers and administrators, except farm .. .... . ..Salesworkers .... .. .... . ... . ... .. .. .. ... . .. ... .. . ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .Clerical and kindred workers .... ... .. .. . .. .. .. ... . . ... .. . .
Blue-collar workers
Craftsmen and kindred workers ... .. . ... .. . .. .. . ... .. .. .Operatives, except transport .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... . .. ..Transport equipment operatives ... . .. ... . .. .. .. . ... . .. ..bborers, except farm .. .. ... . .... .. . .. . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . . ...
Farm workers
Farm and farm managers .. .. .... . . ... .. . .. .. .. ... . . ... .. .. ..Farm laborers and farm foremen .... ... . . .... . .. .. . .. ...
Seruice workers
Service workers, except private household ... . .. .. .
private household workers ... .. .... . .. .. .. . ... . .. .. .. .. .. ..Unknown .. .... . .. .. . .. ... . . .... . . .... . . ... .. . ... . .. ... . .. .. . .. ... . .
Census code
001-195, N201-245260-285301-395, P, Q
401-580, R, S601-696, T701-785, U740-785, V
801402, W821-624
901-965, X, Y980-984, Z990,995
Figure IV. Classification of occupations and their census codenumbers.
ments classified according to the major activityof the parent organization, are as follows:lab oratories, warehouses, repair shops, andstorage facilities.
The industry categories presented in this re-port are shown in figure V with the corre-
Industry classification
Agriculture .. ... .. ..... . . ... ..
Forestry and fisheries...Mini rig . .. .... . ... . .. .. . .. .... . .Construction .... . .. .. . .... ..Manufacturing ... .. .. . .... . .Transportation and
public utilities .. .. .. ... . .Wholesale and retail
trada .... .. . .... . . ... .. . .... . .Finance, insurance, and
real estate ... ... ... .. .. ... . .Servicas and
miscellaneous ... .. .. .. .. .Pub!ic administration ...
Unknown .. ... .. . . ... .. . ... .. .
Census code
017-019, A
027-028047-057067-077, B107398, C
407479, D
507-698, E, F, G
707-718
727-697, H, J, K907-937, L, M996-988
SIC Code
01,07(except 071 3)08,0910-1415-1719-39,0713
4049
50-59
6067
70-8991-9499
Figure V. Industry categories and corresponding census and SICcodes.
45
spending codes found in the Classified Index ofOccupations and Industries, U.S. Bureau of theCensus, and the Standard Industn”al Classifi-cation Manual (SIC), U.S. Office of Managementand Budget.
Class of worker. –Currently employed per-sons are classified according to class of worker asfollows:
Prinate paid workers are persons working for aprivate employer for wages, salary, or commis-sions. The private employer may be a largecorporation or a single individual. This includescompensation by tips, piece rates or pay in kind,and wages or salary from settlement houses,churches, unions, and other nonprofit organiza-tions.
Federal Government workers are personsworking for any branch of the Federal Govern-ment, including employees of Govemment-owned bus lines and electric power utilities,civilian employees of the Armed Forces, andpersons elected to Federal offices. Included inthis class also are employees of internationalorganizations (e.g., United Nations) and em-ployees of foreign governments.
State government workers are employees ofState governments. Included me paid Stateofficials, State police, and employees of Stateuniversities and colleges.
o
Local government workers are employees ofcities, towns, counties, and other local areas.Included are employees of public-owned buslines, electric power companies, water and sewerservices, etc., and employees of public elemen-tary and secondary schools.
Self-employed workers are persons working forprofit or fees in their own business, farm, shop,or office. “Own business” includes persons whohave their own tools or equipment and provideservices on a contract, subcontract, or job basis.If the “own” business is incorporated, theseworkers are classified as “Incorporated”. Forthis report they are included with self-employedpersons. A person who operates a farm for him-self, regardless of whether he owns or rents theland, is considered self-employed.
Non.aid workers are persons working withoutpay on a farm or in a business operated by arelative. The relative need not be a me;mber ofthe househoId.
New workers include persons who have neverworked in the past but have a job or businessthat WW begin in the near future.
Unknown includes persons for whom informa-tion as to class of worker was unknown or notreported.
00
46
APPENDIX Ill
INSURANCE PAGE AND CARD N
HEALTH INSURANCE PAGEThese next questions areobout health insurance. ;~l Und. 65(NP)
IF 65 la. IS -- ~overed by that part of Social Security Medicare which pays for hospital bills?3R
1.. IY2N 9 DK
3VER b. Is -- covered bythatport of Medicare which PoYsfordoctor’s bills, that is, TY2N s DK
4SK: the Medicare plan for which he or some ogency must pay a certain am.aunt each month?b.
(NP) (NP) lNPJ
For each person with “DK” !n Iaor b, ask:_ .——
2. 1 [“ How1al
2. May I please seethe Social Sec.ritY Medicare card(s) for --(and --) to determine the type of coverage? 2 !- Med!cal(Transcribe the tnformatlon from thecard ormarkthe’’Card not seen” box. )
NP
3 ~’C.rd not seen
I \
W* are interested in all kinds of health insurance
plans except those which payo”ly for accidents. TABLE H.I. tIn. (Wtcouniing M4icare) lsonyone in~ebmily coverdbYbspiwl insurance, PLAN
tkt is, o health insumnce plo” which pays any ptt of a hospital bill? 14. 1 :. C..ered(NP)
2 ~ NOI cO.efed(Np)
Y N (3d) 5a. GROUP IY 2N 9 OK-_. ._-____ -_. —-- —- —- ———. ———_ —__________________ -_--- ..-- _-. .—_ . --- —__________
b. What is the name of the plan? (Record (n Table H.I.)b. HOSPITAL IY 2 N 9 OK
-.------ ___ —-. ——_______________________________
c. Is anyone in the family covered by any other hospital insuronce plan?c. SURGICAL IY 2 N 9 OK..__ -— —_______________________
Y (Reosk 3b and c) Nd. OR. VISIT 1 Y ~4J 2 P/ 9 DK
d. Is anyone in the family covered by any (other) health insurance plane.DEDuCTIBLE , Y 2 N 9 DK
which pays o“y part of a DOCTOR’S or SURGEON’S bill? PLAN
24. 1 C Covered (NP)
Y2 ~ N. I covered (NPJ
N (4)Sa. GROUP Iv 2N 9 OK
-.. - . . ..- —.. .— --. .—. ——_________e. What is the name of the plan? (Record In Table H.I., reask 3d) b. HOSPITAL lY 2 N 9 OK
Ask far 4. Is -- covered under this [name) Plan? c. SURGICAL lY ZNeach Plan
9 OK
Ilsted rn 5+. Wns this (name) Plon obtained through an d. DR. VISIT 1 Y(4) 2N 9 OK
Table ●mployer, union, or some other group?
H.I.e. DEDUCTIBLE t Y 2N s OK
b. Does this plan pay ony port of hospital expenses?PLAN
If no __________________________________ _______ 34. , -~ Covered (NPJ
z~ Not covered INP/
plans, c. Does this plan pay any part of doctor’sgo to I. 5a. GROUP lY
or surgeon’s bills for operations?2N 9 OK
---. ..-. .-- —_-- ——-___—
d. Does this plan pay any port of o doctor’s bill forb. HOSPITAL IY 2N 9 OK
office visits or home calls? c. SURGICAL 1+’ 2N 9 OK------ ——-—-_ —____________________________ _____ _______________ ______ ___e. Ooes this plan poy any port .af Q doctor’s bill for
office visits or home coils AFTER A CERTAINd. DR. VISIT l’T’ (4) 2~ 9 OK
-----
AMDUNT has been paid by the fwni Iy?
-.
e. OEOUCTIBLE ! Y 2N 9 OK
I For each person, rewew I and 2 and 4 for each plan and determine if “Covered” by e!ther
Medicare or Insurance, or “Not covered.” I ::No,covered,NP,
Covered (NP)
Ask for each person “Not covered. ”
Many people do not carry health imurance for various reasons (Hand Card N)
(2 3456
I.. Which of those statements describes why --other Ispc)fy]
?’
is not covered by a“y health insurance plan? Any other re.aso”? C,rcle 0!{ re~sons g,ven A ‘a”-.
Mark box or ask~ Only .m. ream.
(b. What is the MAIN reason -- is “ot covered by any health insurance plan?
234s6
b. Oxher (Spaclty)p
.
Page 2a
47
CARD N
48
1. CAN’T OBTAIN INSURANCE BECAUSE OFAGE, ILLNESS, OR POOR HEALTH.
2. DON’T BELlEVE IN INSURANCE. :$,,“
3. DISSATISFIED WITH PREVIOUS INSURANCE.
4. DON’T NEED HEALTH INSURANCE BECAUSECARE RECEIVED THROUGH MEDICARE,MEDICAID OR WELFARE,
:,-------- --1
5. HAVE BEEN HEALTHY, NOT MUCH II
SICKNESSIN THE FAMILY, HAVEN’T 1NEEDED HEALTH INSURANCE.
IIIII
6. TOO EXPENSIVE, CAN’T AFFORD I
HEALTH INSURANCE. /II
7. OTHER REASON.;II
II
iIIIII
II
* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFF~E: 1977-24 !-180:23
Sera”es1.
Series 2.
Series 3.
Series 4.
Series 10.
VITAL AND HEALTH STATISTICS PUBLICATIONS SERIES
Formerly fiblic Heulth Service Publication No. 1000
Programs and Collection fiocedures. –Reports which describe the general programs of the NationalCenter for Health Statistics and its offices and divisions, data collection methods used, definitions, andother material necessary for understanding the data.
Data Evaluation and Methods Research. –Studies of new statistical methodology including experimentaltests of new survey methods, studies of vital statistics collection methods, new analytical techniques,objective evaluations of reliability of collected &ta, contributions to statistical theory.
Andy tical Studies. –Reports presenting analytical or interpretive studies based on vital and healthstatistics, carrying the analysis further than the expository types of reports in the other series.
Documents and Committee Reports. –Final reports of major committees concerned with vital andhealth statistics, and documents such as recommended model vital registration laws and revised birthand death certificates.
Data from th? Health Interview Survey.–Statistics on illness: accidental iniuries; disability; use ofhospital, medical, dental, and other se~lces; and other health-related topics, b&ed on data collected ina continuing national household interview survey.
Series 11. Data from the Health Examination Survey. –Data from direct examination, testing, and measurementof national samples of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population provide the basis for two types ofreports: (1) estimates of the medically defined prevalence of specific diseases in the United States andthe distributions of the population with respect to physical, physiological, and psychological charac-teristics; and (2) analysis of relationships among the various measurements without reference to anexplicit tlnite universe of persons.
Series 12. Data @om the Institutionalized Population Surveys. –Discontinued effective 1975. Future reports fromthese surveys will be in Series 13.
Series 13. Data on Health Resources Utilization. –Statistics on the utilization of health manpower and facilitiesproviding long-term care, ambulatory care, hospital care, and family planning services.
Series 14. Data on Health Resources: Manpower and Facilities. –Statistics on the numbers, geographic distrib-ution, and characteristics of health resources including physicians, dentists, nurses, other health occu-pations, hospitals, nursing homes, and outpatient facilities.
Series 20. Data on Mortality .-Various statistics on mortality other than as included in regular annual or monthlyreports. Special analyses by cause of death, age, and other demographic variables; geographic and timeseries analyses; and statistics on characteristics of deaths not available from the vital records, based onsample surveys of those records.
Series 21. Data on Natality, Mamiage, and Divorce. –Various statistics on natality, marriage, and divorce otherthan as included in regular annual or monthly reports. Special analyses by demographic variables;geographic and time series analyses; studies of fertility; and statistics on characteristics of births notavailable from the vital records, baaed on sample surveys of those records.
Series 22. Datu from the National Mortality and Natality Surveys. –Discontinued effective 1975. Future reportsfrom these sample surveys based on vital records will be included in Series 20 and 21, respectively.
Sm.es 23. Data j%om the National Survey of Family Growth. –Statistics on fertility, family formation and disso-lution, family planning, and related maternal and infant health topics derived from a biennial survey ofa nationwide probability sample of ever-married women 1544 years of age.
/
For a list of titles of reports published in these series, write to: Scientific and Technical Information BranchNational Center for Health StatisticsPublic Health Service, HRAHyattsville, Md. 20782
i,
NcHwu.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFAREPub!,. EkDltil SWVK.Ho,lth R.-WCC*S Admm,stratio”National C..*.C for Health St.ttstncs-“t.r BUild!”g3700 East-W9St HW5MVHy.tt# ill.. M.wl..d 20782
POSTAGE ANO FEES PAIDU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEW
HEW 390
THIRD CLASS
BLK. RATEoFFICIAL SUSINESSPENALTV FOR PRIVATE uSE, $300
@
-b/
