Horticulture Crop Weeds
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Transcript of Horticulture Crop Weeds
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Horticulture Crop Weeds
CS 414 Weed Science Laboratory
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Hairy galinsoga
Galinsoga ciliata
Asteraceae
Summer annual, upright, branching
Pubescent stems & leaves (upper surface of blades)
Opposite leaves with toothed margins
White flowers – both disk and ray flowers (toothed) present
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Common purslane
Portulaca oleracea
Asteraceae
Summer annual, prostrate
Rounded leaf apex
Fleshy leaf blade
Yellow flowers in leaf axils open in sun
Similar in appearance to P. pilosa – note flower color, apex, and leaf shape
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Common Name: pink purslaneFamily: Asteraceae Genus: Portulaca Species: pilosa Summer annual
•leaves are thick and fleshy, arranged alternately on the stem, and have a prostrate growth habit – pointed apex
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Annual sedge
Cyperus compressus
Cyperaceae
Summer annual
Many stems develop in a dense clump
Leaf blades narrow compared to PNS or YNS
Flower spikelets flattened
NO tubers or rhizomes
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Cyperus esculentus
Cyperaceae
Yellow nutsedge
Perennial
Tubers are smooth and singular, yellow seed head, lance-shaped leaf
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Cyperus rotundus
Purple nutsedge
Cyperaceae
Perennial
Leaf abruptly tapers to a point, broader than YNS
Tubers string together along rhizome
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Virginia copperleaf
Acalypha virginica
Euphorbiaceae
Erect, branching summer annual
Rounded cotyledons have notched apex, glabrous
First true leaves opposite, later leaves alternate, lanceolate
Flowers green, in clusters yield a 3-lobed seed pod
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Common Name: carpetweedFamily: Molluginaceae Genus: MollugoSpecies: verticillatasummer annual
•Carpetweed has whorls of leaves at each stem node in addition to the circular, light green, mat-like growth
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Common Name: large crabgrassFamily: PoaceaeGenus: DigitariaSpecies: sanguinalisSummer annual
•densely hairy leaf and sheath•roots at the stem nodes, smooth crabgrass does not•large, jagged membranous ligule
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Common Name: goosegrassFamily: PoaceaeGenus: EleusineSpecies: indicaSummer annual
•Flattened stems with a white center•ligule fringed, uneven, and membranous•Leaves folded in the bud
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Datura stramonium
Jimsonweed
Solanaceae
Summer annual
Distinct midvein in cotyledons
Bur-like fruit contains many seeds
Large white flowers
Leaves with lobed margins
Stems become “woody” with age
All parts extremely poisonous
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Eastern black nightshade
Solanum ptycanthum
Solanaceae
Erect summer annual
Taproot with lateral branches
Hypocotyls covered w/small hairs
Cotyledons green on upper portion of blade, purple to maroon on lower surface
Star shaped flowers yield small, green, many-seeded berries
Extremely poisonous, ripe berries may be less (not) poisonous