HORNWORTS LIVERWORTS MOSSES · Bryophyta Marchantiophyta flavonoids loss of pyrenoid jackets...
Transcript of HORNWORTS LIVERWORTS MOSSES · Bryophyta Marchantiophyta flavonoids loss of pyrenoid jackets...
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INTRODUCTION TO BRYOPHYTES
Joannes A. Janssens• HORNWORTS• LIVERWORTS• MOSSES
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LIVERWORTS
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STREPTOPHYTE EVOLUTIONorigin of embryophytes
(Charophyceae)
Anthocerotophyta
Polysporangiophyta
Bryophyta
Marchantiophyta
flavonoidsloss of pyrenoid
jacketsmulticellular sporophyte
calyptraestalked gametangia
loss of columella and stomataseta reduction
•vascular tissue•branched sporophyte•isomorphic phases•stoma
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The Life Cycle of Bryophytes• bryophytes are diplohaplontic plants with
a heteromorphic alternation of generations
• within the sporangium spores are formed by meiosis
• protonema and gametophores develop after germination
• antheridia and archegonia produce spermand eggs
• after fertilization a new, attached sporophyte is formed
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spor
gam
Anthocerotopsida
sporspor
gam gam
Bryopsida
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gam
sporSphagnopsida
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spor
gamJungermanniopsida
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gam
sporMarchantiopsida
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spores
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caulonema
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protonema
and
sporeling
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antheridia
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young sporophyte
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stem
leaf
rhizoids
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lamina
margin, border
apiculus
decurrentleaf bases
costa
basic moss leaf
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The End
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