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CPWF Ganges
Basin Development Challenge
Increasing the Resilience of Agricultural and
Aquaculture Systems in the Coastal Areas of
the Ganges Delta
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G2 Develop, evaluate, adapt new & improved cropping &
aquaculture systemsetc
G1 Use of suitability domain maps as a decisions support tools
G3 Better polder governance through reduced conflict between
fishermen & farmers
G4 Understanding of the key external drivers of change in water
resources
G5 Establish a policy framework for scaling up/out of
technologies to enable changes in HH of Ganges coastal
zone
5 research projects
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G2 - Productive, profitable, resilient
agriculture & aquaculture systems
3
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Homestead Farming System (HFS)-A way to improve nutrition and
income for the landless poor in
Southwest Bangladesh
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Poverty in Coastal Zone of Bangladesh
Among worlds poorest,
most food insecure
and vulnerable
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Tidal River System in Southwest Bangladesh
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Polder 30
Typical Polder
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Lack of Maintenance in Polders
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Polder 31
Polder 30
River
Inlet to sluice gate
Sluice gate on river side
Sluice gate inside the polder
Focal study area the coastal zone of SW Bangladesh
Salinity intrusion (BWDB 2012)
Siltation in river beds (Haq 2007)
Increased water logging (FAO-WFP
2011)
Flooding (Uttaran 2009)
Seasonal food insecurity (WFP 2006)
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Land use pattern
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What if flooding?
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Large changes in salinity through the year
Movement of the 4ppt water
salinity boundary in early
2011
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Increasing area affected by soil salinity
Soil salinity
NoneVery slight
Slight
Strong
Very strong
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Lower salinity - on high land
Better access to supply channels and markets than fields
Scope of women empowerment
Most of the production is consumed by the household
Less risk of poaching of high value products (vegetable, fruit,fish, chickens, cattle)
Freshwater source (usually homestead ponds have freshwater)
Reuse and recycling of resources can be more efficient
Why are we interested in homestead farming systems (HFS)
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Reuse and Recycling in HFS
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HFS Survey Areas
Polder3: High Saline
Polder 30: Medium Saline
Polder43/2/F: Low Saline
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Objectives
To characterize homestead farming system
To understand current use of resources and
productivity
To explore opportunities of improvement
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Methodology
Household lists were collected from the Union Parishad,
Stratified random sampling (survey area covered polder 43/2/F and 30
and southern part of Polder 3 which was subdivided into highland andlowland)
SPSS software was used to randomly select households from each
strata.
Sampling was conducted at a 5% level of interval and total 1,280
households were surveyed.
All statistical analysis was executed using the statistical software package
SPSS-20.
StrataNumber of
householdsHouseholds sampled
Polder 3L 3,836 306
Polder 3H 4,867 232
Polder 30 9,507 381Polder 43/2/F 5,833 361
Total 24,043 1,280
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Key Findings
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The importance of homestead for the functionally landless group
Average Land distribution
Polder-30 Polder-3H Polder-3L Polder-
43
All
polder
Field Land Area (%) 81.3 77 85.5 75.5 79.5Average Field Land Area (ha)
0.311 0.246 0.457 0.356 0.348
Homestead Land Area (%) 18.7 23 14.5 24.5 20.5
Average Homestead Land Area (ha) 0.068 0.072 0.076 0.121 0.085
Average Land distribution among the functionally landless category
Field Land Area (%) 36 27 23 30 29
Average Field Land Area (ha) 0.020 0.012 0.012 0.020 0.016
Homestead Land Area (%) 64 73 77 70 71
Average Homestead Land Area (ha) 0.036 0.032 0.040 0.048 0.040
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0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
Functionally Landless Small Marginal
Taka/hh/year
Average off farm income (TK)
Average farm income from Homesteads (TK)
Average farm income from Field (TK)
Household farm income contributes more than from field for
functionally landless people
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
National (2005) Surveyed
Households
marginal small Functionally
landless
%
ofpeople
Percentage of People Living Below National Poverty Line (
Income
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Components of HFS and Integration
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Contribution of HFS to Household Income
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Consumption
0.87
0.54 0.520.56 0.56
Fish Fruit Poultry meat Poultry egg Vegetable
HHfoodconsu
mption
HH food production
Correlation between HH food production and Its consumption
Correlation coefficient (r) at P
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BCR (including household labor)ProductionSystem Polder-30 Polder-3H Polder-3L Polder-43 All PolderAquaculture 1.79 1.14 1.10 0.84 1.19Vegetable 0.44 0.76 1.78 0.51 0.68Poultry 0.27 0.49 0.27 0.17 0.26Livestock 0.72 0.86 1.03 0.43 0.73
Benefit cost ratio for different homestead farm components
BCR (excluding household labor)
Production
System Polder-30 Polder-3H Polder-3L Polder-43 All PolderAquaculture 3.1 2.1 1.7 1.1 1.8
Vegetable 2.2 3.5 4.6 2.7 3.1
Poultry 0.9 2.0 1.2 0.7 1.0
Livestock 1.4 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.8
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Present farming practice and productivity
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Areas of intensification
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
DwellingHouse
Yard Poultry Livestockshade
Fruitgarden/trees
vegetablegarden
Pond Tree coveredarea
Area(Dec)
Homestead land use pattern
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Comparative Aquaculture Production
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
FishProductionKg/ha
House hold
National average production Improved average production
Household production Linear (Household production)
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Homestead Pond Types
Research plan for 2013
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Research plan for 2013Purpose:
Establish a women led participatory action research for improving income and
nutrition benefits to homesteads from challenged/shaded homestead ponds
Key questions for 2013 research
How household consumption and income can be increased through
improved productivity from small shaded ponds without hampering
regular household pond water uses considering -
suitable species composition?
feeding compositions and strategy?
How womens capacity of decision making and control of resources can be
improved through their involvement in shaded pond fish farming?
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Locations & new partners under umbrella of G2
Polder 3: G2, AAS
Polder 30: G2, AAS
Polder 43: G2, FtF-Aq
Polder 5: SmartFarm
Polder 39: SmartFarm
P3
P30
P43
P39
P5
Barisal
Faridpur
Jessore
Bari
sal
Jess
ore
Research Process
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Research Process
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[
Technology options:
Small indigenous fish
Higher value and air breathing fish Stress tolerant catfish
Carp, tilapia
Developing suitable feeding
a. Light trap at night for attracting insects
b. Increasing benthic populationc. Insects/ants as feed by their commercial propagation
Integrating with floating vegetable production or small ruminants
Different species combination for brackish water
Cages for nursing of fry to fingerling of GIFT
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TECHNOLOGY 1
TECHNOLOGY 2
TECHNOLOGY 3
ADAPTED
TECHNOLOGY 1
ADAPTEDTECHNOLOGY 2
ADAPTED
TECHNOLOGY 3
Three top technology preferred by the women group will be tested through
participatory action research process
Community consultation Guideline
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Community consultation Guideline Homestead resources mapping
Identifying major homestead farming
components
Role of pond in homestead system
and its integration with other farming
practices
SWOT analysis of pond aquaculture
Identifying species preferences(matrix)
Identifying preference for fish feeding
(matrix)
Finding possible ways of increased
integration among homestead farming
components
Community consultation Guideline
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Finding options for addressing multiple use of homestead ponds
Annual water calendar and water use from homestead ponds
Women participation in homestead farming system (HFS) Role of women in household decision making including HFS
Women perspective about nutrition
How women participation can be in HFS product marketing
Cooperation and joint participation for increased productivity and
profitability
Role of women in HFS participatory technology development and
knowledge sharing
Community consultation Guideline
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Participatory Mapping of HFS
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Water availability in homestead ponds, use pattern and
preference
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Women are Interested in Aquaculture
Fish Preference by Women
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Fish Preference by Women
Fish Feed Preference by Women
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Fish Feed Preference by Women
Commercial
Feed
Home made
feed
Kitchen
waste
Insects &
other
naturally
available
feed
Women Preference for Participating Different Activities of
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Women Preference for Participating Different Activities of
Aquaculture
Fish sale Fish harvest
Fish feeding monitoring Fish stocking
k l
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Activity Jun
e
July August September October November December
Q4 Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
Q
4
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
Q
4
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
Q
4
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
Q
4
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
Q
4
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
Q
4
Pond preparationOrientation
workshop in
Khulna
3rd
Stocking
Farmers training
Refresher
training
Linkage meeting
Group meeting
Feeding Every day morning and Evening by the women farmers
Fish sampling
Monitoring &
Record keeping
Participatory record keeping by the women farmers which will be checked by implementation team
members during group meeting
Harvesting for
regularconsumption
Harvesting for
sale
Participatory
Evaluation
Learning sharing
workshop
2013 Work plan
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References
BWDB. 2012. Water Management Review in Polder 26, polder45
FAO-WFP. 2011. A Rapid Food Security Assessment of Satkhira
district.
Haq, A. H. M. R.; 2007. ADB nurturing CEP- the ecological
hierarchy of catastrophe. CDP publication for ADBs 40th AGM
held 2007 In Kyoto.JapanUttaran. 2009. Flood 2009: Situation Assessment- Climate
Change Worsens Disaster Risks for Communities in Southwest
Coastal Region of Bangladesh.WFP. 2006. Food Security Assessment in Bangladesh- Issues
and Implications for Mapping Food Insecurity and Vulnerability.
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Thanks to all