Homelessness Strategy for Northern Ireland 2012-2017

7/31/2019 Homelessness Strategy for Northern Ireland 2012-2017

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/homelessness-strategy-for-northern-ireland-2012-2017 1/40

CAGH@HYYBHYY Y\]O\HK^

da} Ba}|ch}b N}h`obl

=6?='=6?;



Iab|hb|y

NB\]ALXI\NAB <

ICON]GOB„Y DA]H[A]L 8

HSHIX\NTH YXGGO]^ ;

Icov|h} ? ' MOIEK]AXBL \A \CH CAGH@HYYBHYY Y\]O\HK^ >

Icov|h} = ' \CH BO\X]H OBL HS\HB\ AD CAGH@HYYBHYY ??

Icov|h} 9 ' Y\]O\HKNI AMJHI\NTHY ?8

Ovvhblns ? Y\O\NY\NIY =3

Ovvhblns = DNBOBINO@ NBTHY\GHB\ 99

Ovvhblns 9 @ny| ad }hyvablhb|y |a |ch Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ iabyx`|o|nab v}aihyy 9<

Ovvhblns < Caxynbk #Oghblghb|. Oi| Ba}|ch}b N}h`obl =6?6 98

Ovvhblns 8 H\CAY' Hx}avhob \~va`ak~ ad Cagh`hyybhyy 9;

Ovvhblns 4 V}ak}hyy nb ngv`hghb|nbk |ch =66= Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ 9>



Nb|}alxi|nab

\ch ‐l}od|‗ Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ =6?='?; #Nbia}va}o|nbk o }htnh{ ad |ch =66=Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~. {oy vxm`nychl nb Go~ =6??" N| {oy yhb| |a o to}nh|~ ad

iabyx`|hhy oy {h`` oy mhnbk otonòm`h ab |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth„y {hm yn|h

#{{{"bnch"kat"xe. da} la{bàolnbk" \ch y|}o|hk~ daixyhy ab v}ak}hyy golh nb

cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy ynbih vxm`nio|nab ad |ch =66= y|}o|hk~ obl cnkc`nkc|y |ch

y|hvy bhihyyo}~ |a iab|nbxh |cny ngv}athghb|"

\ch iabyx`|o|nab }ob da} ?= {hhey d}ag =8|c Go~ |a ?;|c Oxkxy| =6??" \ch Caxynbk

Hshix|nth ny k}o|hdx` |a |ch Iaxbin` da} |ch Cagh`hyy da} a}kobnynbk o iabyx`|o|nab

hthb| {cnic |aae vòih ab ?8|c Jxbh obl |a |cayh a}kobnyo|naby |co| |aae |ch

|ngh |a }hyvabl" O ghh|nbk ad |ch V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynab #VYN. Cagh`hyybhyy

Vo}|bh}ycnv icon}hl m~ |ch Lhvx|~ Yhi}h|o}~ ad |ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino`

Lhthàvghb| ch`l ab ?y| Bathgmh} =6?? koth dx}|ch} dhhlmoie ab |ch Y|}o|hk~

{cnic ny nbi`xlhl nb |ch mal~ ad |ch }hva}|" O `ny| ad |cayh {ca }hyvablhl |a |ch

iabyx`|o|nab hsh}inyh ny }hia}lhl nb Ovvhblns 9"

\ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth {n`` xblh}|oeh |a vxm`nyc |ch iabyx`|o|nab }hyvabyhy ab |ch

Caxynbk Hshix|nth {hmyn|h"

Nd |cny laixghb| ny ba| nb o da}go| |co| yxn|y ~ax} bhhly, v`hoyh iab|oi| xy obl {h

iob lnyixyy o`|h}bo|nth o}}obkhghb|y"

<



Da}h{a}l

8

\ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth ny |ch ]hknabo` Y|}o|hkni Caxynbk Ox|ca}n|~ da} Ba}|ch}bN}hòbl obl coy y|o|x|a}~ }hyvabynmn`n|~ da} }hyvablnbk |a cagh`hyybhyy nb

oiia}lobih {n|c |ch Caxynbk #BN. A}lh} ?>33 oy oghblhl" \ch Lhvo}|ghb| da}

Yaino` Lhthàvghb| #LYL. ny |ch yvabya}nbk lhvo}|ghb| da} |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth

obl {a}ey iàyh`~ {n|c |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth nb |ch ln}hi|nab ad yaino` caxynbk

va`ni~ nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl"

\ch }y| Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ ’ ‐Goenbk o Lnh}hbih |a Vhav`h„y @nthy‗ ’ {oy

vxm`nychl nb =66=" \ch y|}o|hk~ iab|onbhl =8 }hiagghblo|naby onghl o| ngv}atnbk

yh}tnihy |a cagh`hyy caxyhca`ly" Ynbih |chb, ynkbniob| v}ak}hyy coy mhhb golh nb

|ch ngv`hghb|o|nab ad |ch }hiagghblo|naby {cnic coy }hyx`|hl nb ngv}athghb|y

nb |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab, cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy obl v}hthb|o|nth nbn|no|nthy"Yxiihyy coy mhhb lxh, nb ba ygo`` ghoyx}h, |a |ch gob~ hsogv`hy ad janb| {a}enbk

nbta`tnbk ax} y|o|x|a}~ obl ta`xb|o}~ yhi|a} vo}|bh}y"

\ch nb|}alxi|nab ad Yxvva}|nbk Vhav`h yh}tnihy nb =669 col o iabynlh}om`h ngvoi|,

vo}|nixò}`~ nb |ch lh`nth}~ ad yxvva}| yh}tnihy

nb |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab v}ajhi|y, mx|

o`ya |c}axkc |ch hy|om`nycghb| ad o bh|{a}e

ad ao|nbk yxvva}| yh}tnihy onghl o| yxy|onbnbk

|hbobinhy obl v}hthb|nbk cagh`hyybhyy"

\ch Caxynbk #Oghblghb|. Oi| #Ba}|ch}b

N}hòbl. =6?6 vòihl o lx|~ ab |ch Caxynbk

Hshix|nth |a da}gxò|h obl vxm`nyc o

cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~" Ob hs|hbynth }obkh ad

okhbinhy o}h am`nkhl |a |oeh nb|a oiiaxb| |ch

cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ nb |ch hsh}inyh ad |chn} a{b dxbi|naby obl |chyh okhbinhy

o}h }hia}lhl nb Ovvhblns <"

Cagh`hyybhyy iab|nbxhy |a mh o ynkbniob| ico``hbkh nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl obl

o v}am`hg |co| oni|y |ch nthy ad gob~ ad ax} in|nzhby" \ch}h o}h bxgh}axy

}hoyaby da} cagh`hyybhyy5 dogn`~ lnyvx|h, m}hoela{b nb ntnbk o}}obkhghb|y,ollni|nab, ghb|o` n`` cho|c, lhm| obl |hbobi~ m}hoela{b obl ya ab" \ch hhi| ad

cagh`hyybhyy ngvoi|y ab nblntnlxo` nthy da} ~ho}y obl |cny nbxhbih kahy mh~abl

|ch ngghlno|h oie ad oiiaggalo|nab" N| ngvhlhy ob nblntnlxo`„y cho`|c, bobino`

obl yaino` {h`` mhnbk" Da} |cny }hoyab, ba abh a}kobnyo|nab a} okhbi~ iob oll}hyy

|chyh nyyxhy nb nyaò|nab" \ch}h ny ba{ o k}ho|h} bhhl |cob hth} |a }hyvabl |a

cagh`hyybhyy nb o iaa}lnbo|hl gx`|n okhbi~ ovv}aoic oy }hqxn}hl nb |ch `hknyò|nab

obl da} hoic vo}|bh} |a iab|}nmx|h |chn} hsvh}|nyh obl }hyax}ihy |a v}aga|h

yaino` nbi`xynab"



\ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth coy mhhb }hyvablnbk |a cagh`hyybhyy da} == ~ho}y oblnb |co| |ngh coy lhthàvhl iabynlh}om`h hsvh}nhbih obl hsvh}|nyh" [n|c |ch

vxm`nio|nab ad |ch }y| Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ nb =66= obl |ch nb|}alxi|nab

ad Yxvva}|nbk Vhav`h nb =669 yxmy|ob|no` v}ak}hyy coy mhhb oicnhthl nb ca{

cagh`hyybhyy ny gobokhl"

Ca{hth}, o| |cny |ngh ad hiabagni xbih}|onb|~ obl |ch bobino` hbtn}abghb| nb

{cnic o`` yh}tnihy o}h avh}o|nbk |ch}h ny ob avva}|xbn|~ |a mh ga}h i}ho|nth obl |a

iabynlh} bh{ ovv}aoichy ab ca{ |a }hyvabl |a cagh`hyybhyy"

\cny y|}o|hk~ mxn`ly xvab |ch v}ak}hyy golh nb ngv`hghb|nbk |ch

}hiagghblo|naby iab|onbhl {n|cnb |ch =66= Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~" N| cnkc`nkc|y

|ch iab|hs| {n|cnb {cnic |ch bh{ y|}o|hkni ln}hi|nab {n`` mh lhthàvhl obl

v}atnlhy |ch moyny da} |ch v}alxi|nab ad o }amxy| ngv`hghb|o|nab vòb {cnic ny |ch

bhs| y|okh ad |ch v}aihyy"

L} Jacb GiVhoeh M}nob ]a{b|}hhIcnhd Hshix|nth Icon}gob

4



\ch Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ =6?='?; yh|y ax| ax} y|}o|hk~ da} |oie`nbk cagh`hyybhyyath} |ch bhs| th ~ho}y obl hy|om`nychy |ch kxnlnbk v}nbinv`hy da} |ch lhthàvghb|

obl lh`nth}~ ad cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy" O| |cny |ngh ad hiabagni xbih}|onb|~ obl

bobino` iaby|}onb|y n| ny ga}h ngva}|ob| |cob hth} |co| cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy o}h

ovv}av}no|h, |ngh`~ obl hhi|nth"

Tnynab \ch ong ad |cny cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ ny |co| àbk |h}g cagh`hyybhyy obl }axkc

y`hhvnbk ny h`ngnbo|hl oi}ayy Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl m~ =6=6"

\ch y|}o|hk~ ongy |a hbyx}h:

• \ch }nye ad o vh}yab mhiagnbk cagh`hyy {n` mh gnbngnyhl |c}axkc hhi|nthv}hthb|o|nth ghoyx}hy"

• \c}axkc hbcobihl nb|h} okhbi~ ia'avh}o|nab, yh}tnihy |a |ch gay| tx`bh}om`h

cagh`hyy caxyhca`ly {n`` mh ngv}athl"

[n|c |ch daixy ab cagh`hyybhyy v}hthb|nab obl ho}`~ nb|h}thb|nab |ch Caxynbk

Hshix|nth ongy |a }hlxih hth`y ad cagh`hyybhyy ath} |ch iax}yh ad |cny y|}o|hk~ obl

ò~ |ch k}axbl{a}e da} ax} tnynab |a h`ngnbo|h àbk |h}g cagh`hyybhyy"

Y|}o|hkni amjhi|nthy \ch y|}o|hk~ coy dax} y|}o|hkni amjhi|nthy5

?" \a vòih cagh`hyybhyy v}hthb|nab o| |ch da}hd}ab| ad yh}tnih lh`nth}~5

=" \a }hlxih |ch `hbk|c ad |ngh caxyhca`ly obl nblntnlxo`y hsvh}nhbih

cagh`hyybhyy m~ ngv}atnbk oiihyy |a oa}lom`h caxynbk5

9" \a }hgath |ch bhhl |a y`hhv }axkc5

<" \a ngv}ath yh}tnihy |a tx`bh}om`h cagh`hyy caxyhca`ly obl nblntnlxo`y"

Ob Nb|hk}o|hl Y|}o|hk~ O`|caxkc |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth coy y|o|x|a}~ }hyvabynmn`n|~ da} |ch oyyhyyghb|

ad cagh`hyybhyy obl |ch lh`nth}~ ad cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy ob hhi|nth }hyvabyh

|a cagh`hyybhyy }hqxn}hy ob nb|hk}o|hl y|}o|hk~" Caxynbk v}atnlh}y {n`` coth

o ihb|}o` }a`h |a vò~, ca{hth} |oie`nbk cagh`hyybhyy nb o`` n|y lnghbynaby {n``}hqxn}h |ch ia`òma}o|nab ad o {nlh }obkh ad vo}|bh}y d}ag |ch y|o|x|a}~, ta`xb|o}~

obl iaggxbn|~ yhi|a}y" Da} |ch tnynab |a –h`ngnbo|h àbk |h}g cagh`hyybhyy obl

}axkc y`hhvnbk„ |a mh }ho`nyhl n| {n`` mh bhihyyo}~ da} }h`htob| a}kobnyo|naby |a {a}e

|akh|ch} |a lh`nth} caxynbk, hgvà~ghb|, cho`|c, bobino` yxvva}| obl {h`do}h

yh}tnihy |a |cayh {ca hsvh}nhbih cagh`hyybhyy"

Hshix|nth Yxggo}~

;



\ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino` Lhthàvghb|, |c}axkc |ch V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynabVo}|bh}ycnv {n`` mh |ch thcni`h m~ {cnic |ch y|}o|hk~ {n`` mh v}ak}hyyhl obl

gabn|a}hl ya |co| ob nb|hk}o|hl }hyvabyh |a cagh`hyybhyy ny lh`nth}hl" \ch ix}}hb|

|h}gy ad }hdh}hbih ad |ch ‐V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynab Vo}|bh}ycnv5 o}h:

‐ \a iabynlh} ca{ kath}bghb| lhvo}|ghb|y, okhbinhy, obl bab lhvo}|ghb|o`

vxm`ni malnhy iob mhy| {a}e |akh|ch} |a }y|`~, hbyx}h |co| |ch }nye ad cagh`hyybhyy

ny }hlxihl obl yhiabl`~, |co| |ch dx`` }obkh ad ovv}av}no|h yh}tnihy ny otonòm`h |a

|cayh {ca bl |chgyh`thy cagh`hyy ya |co| |ch~ iob goeh |ch icanihy }hqxn}hl |a

vò~ o dx`` vo}| nb yainh|~‗"?

O ny| ad vh}da}gobih nblnio|a}y {n`` mh xyhl |a gabn|a} v}ak}hyy nb ngv`hghb|nbk|ch y|}o|hk~" \chyh {n`` mh lh|on`hl nb ob ngv`hghb|o|nab vòb |a mh lhthàvhl

da`à{nbk vxm`nio|nab ad |ch y|}o|hk~" V}ak}hyy ab |ch y|}o|hk~ ngv`hghb|o|nab {n``

mh gabn|a}hl xblh} |ch oxyvnihy ad |ch V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynab Vo}|bh}ycnv"

N| ycax`l mh ba|hl o`ya |co| |ch}h ny o {nlh} hx}avhob lnghbynab |a |ch y|}o|hk~

{cnic {n`` mh lh|on`hl o|h} nb |ch moiek}axbl |a |ch y|}o|hk~"

? O Y|}o|hk~ |a v}aga|h |ch yaino` nbi`xynab ad cagh`hyy vhav`h, obl |cayh o| }nye ad mhiagnbk cagh`hyy, nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòblLhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino` Lhthàvghb| #=66;.

3



V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynab Vo}|bh}ycnvKnthb |ch ix}}hb| hiabagni yn|xo|nab n| ny `neh`~ |co| yh}naxy v}hyyx}h {n`` mh

m}axkc| |a mho} ab |ch omn`n|~ |a gonb|onb |ch ix}}hb| `hth` ad nbthy|ghb|" Nb

olln|nab, ngvhblnbk Caxynbk Mhbh| ix|y obl lnix`|nhy nb |ch hgvà~ghb|

go}eh| o}h `neh`~ |a vòih ga}h caxyhca`ly o| }nye ad cagh`hyybhyy" N| ny |ch}hda}h,

o`` |ch ga}h ngva}|ob| |co| o`` a}kobnyo|naby nbta`thl nb |oie`nbk cagh`hyybhyy

{a}e |akh|ch} |a oicnhth |ch mhy| vayynm`h ax|iaghy da} |cayh {ca o}h cagh`hyy"

\ch V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynab Vo}|bh}ycnv ny mhy| vòihl |a iaa}lnbo|h cagh`hyy

yh}tnihy"

\ch V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynab Vo}|bh}ycnv ny ob nb|h}'lhvo}|ghb|o , i}ayy'yhi|a}o`

{a}enbk k}axv obl {oy hy|om`nychl m~ |ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino` Lhthàvghb|nb =66< |a v}aga|h |ch yaino` nbi`xynab ad cagh`hyy vhav`h" Nb Jx`~ =66; |ch VYN

{a}enbk k}axv vxm`nychl o, ‐y|}o|hk~ |a v}aga|h |ch yaino` nbi`xynab ad cagh`hyy

vhav`h, obl |cayh o| }nye ad mhiagnbk cagh`hyy nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl‗" Da`à{nbk

|cny, nb|h} okhbi~ yxm'k}axvy {h}h da}ghl |a v}aga|h |ch ngv}athghb| ad

yh}tnihy obl oiihyy |a hsny|nbk yh}tnihy nbi`xlnbk cho`|c obl hgvà~ghb|" \ch

nb|h}okhbi~ k}axvy coth ba{ mhhb }hy|}xi|x}hl |a yxvva}| |ch dax} amjhi|nthy ad

|ch cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~"

N| ny ob|ninvo|hl |co| xblh} |ch oxyvnihy ad |ch LYL, |ch V}aga|nbk Yaino` Nbi`xynab

Vo}|bh}ycnv {n`` mhiagh |ch thcni`h m~ {cnic nb|h}'okhbi~ ia'avh}o|nab nb }hò|nab

|a cagh`hyybhyy {n`` mh lnyico}khl"

K}ho| M}n|onb Iab|hs| \ch lhthàvghb| ad |cny y|}o|hk~ ny yh| nb |ch iab|hs| ad Ihb|}o` Kath}bghb|„y

iaggn|ghb| |a |oie`h cagh`hyybhyy m~ {a}enbk nb vo}|bh}ycnv {n|c |ch ta`xb|o}~

yhi|a}, kath}bghb| lhvo}|ghb|y obl a|ch} caxynbk v}atnlh}y" \cny ovv}aoic

{oy lhthàvhl da`à{nbk |ch vxm`nio|nab ad hknyò|nab nb =66= {cnic ynkbo``hl

o ga}h v}aoi|nth ovv}aoic |a cagh`hyybhyy v}hthb|nab" Ga}h }hihb|`~ nb Jx`~

=6?? |ch Gnbny|h} da} Caxynbk obl @aio` Kath}bghb|, vxm`nychl o vòb |a |oie`h

}axkc y`hhvnbk hb|n|`hl ‐O Tnynab |a hbl }axkc y`hhvnbk: ‐Ba Yhiabl Bnkc| Ax|

bo|nab{nlh‗" \cny vòb iogh d}ag |ch Gnbny|h}no` [a}enbk K}axv ab Cagh`hyybhyy,

iagv}nynbk ad o bxgmh} ad kath}bghb| lhvo}|ghb|y {n|c }hyvabynmn`n|~ da}

Cho`|c, I}ngnbo` Jxy|nih, Hlxio|nab obl [a}e $ Vhbynaby" \chyh Lhvo}|ghb|y iogh

|akh|ch} |a ia'a}lnbo|h va`ninhy obl y|}o|hknhy |o}kh|hl o| |cny tx`bh}om`h k}axv

obl o}h iaggn||hl |a oll}hyynbk |ch xblh}`~nbk ioxyhy ad cagh`hyybhyy obl yaino`

lnyoltob|okh m~ |oie`nbk nyyxhy ad vath}|~, hqxo`n|~ obl yaino` jxy|nih"

O }obkh ad iaggn|ghb|y coth mhhb lhthàvhl |a oiiagvob~ |ch vòb" \chyh

iaggn|ghb|y }hta`th o}axbl, kh||nbk vhav`h a |ch y|}hh|y m~ }a``nbk ax|

|ch @ablab nbn|no|nth ad ‗ Ba Yhiabl Bnkc| Ax|‗ bo|nabo``~, m~ ch`vnbk vhav`h

|a oiihyy cho`|cio}h obl yvhino`ny| yh}tnihy da} vhav`h {n|c lxo` lnokbayny

v}am`hgy" A|ch} iaggn|ghb|y nbi`xlh, ch`vnbk vhav`h nb|a {a}e obl }hlxinbk

ICOV\H] ?Moiek}axbl |a |ch Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~

>



mx}hoxi}o|ni mx}lhby m~ `hyyhbnbk |ch }hl |ovh ngvoi| ab ico}n|nhy obl ta`xb|o}~yhi|a} a}kobnyo|naby" Nb olln|nab |ch Kath}bghb| ny iaggn||hl |a nbi}hoynbk aio`

iab|}a` ath} nbthy|ghb| nb yh}tnihy obl {n`` lhta`th }hyvabynmn`n|~ da} |oie`nbk

cagh`hyybhyy"

Nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl, |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth nbthy|y o`gay| ©94g vh} obbxg

nb cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy" \cny nbi`xlhy Yxvva}|nbk Vhav`h nbthy|ghb|,

Caxynbk Mhbh|, vo~ghb| da} cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy obl olgnbny|}o|nth iay|y"

#Yhh Ovvhblns = Dnbobino` Nbthy|ghb| nb Cagh`hyy Yh}tnihy.

\ch Hx}avhob Lnghbynab

Nb Go}ic =6?6 |ch Hx}avhob Xbnab Iaxbin` ad Gnbny|h}y nyyxhl o ln}hi|nth |aghgmh} y|o|hy |a lhthàv nb|hk}o|hl cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hknhy" Da`à{nbk |cny,

|ch jx}~ ad |ch Nb|h}bo|nabo` Iabdh}hbih ab Cagh`hyybhyy nb Lhihgmh} =6?6

nyyxhl kxnlh`nbhy |a oyyny| nb |ch lhthàvghb| ad cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hknhy" Nb

Yhv|hgmh} =6?? |ch Hx}avhob Vo}`noghb| olav|hl |ch }hya`x|nab io``nbk da} ob

HX Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~" Nb hyyhbih n| ln}hi|hl |co| bo|nabo` y|}o|hknhy ycax`l

iabihb|}o|h ab |ch da`à{nbk o}hoy5

• \ch v}hthb|nab ad cagh`hyybhyy5

• O }hlxi|nab nb n|y lx}o|nab5

• O }hlxi|nab nb |ch gay| yhth}h da}gy ad cagh`hyybhyy5

• Ngv}athghb| nb |ch qxo`n|~ ad yh}tnihy da} cagh`hyy vhav`h5

• Oiihyy |a oa}lom`h caxynbk"

\ch Hx}avhob galh` da} |oie`nbk cagh`hyybhyy ny lny|nbi|nth d}ag |co| xyhl nb gay|

vo}|y ad XE" =‗\ch}h ny |ch ycnd| d}ag xynbk ych`|h}y obl |}obyn|nabo` oiiaggalo|nab

oy |ch v}hlagnbob| ya`x|nab |a cagh`hyybhyy |a{o}ly nbi}hoynbk oiihyy |a

vh}gobhb| caxynbk obl nbi}hoynbk |ch iovoin|~ da} ma|c v}hthb|nab obl |ch

v}atnynab ad olhqxo|h ao|nbk yxvva}| |a vhav`h nb |chn} caghy ab |ch moyny ad

bhhl‗" 9]hyho}ic ny otonòm`h {cnic v}atnlhy y|}abk htnlhbih |co| o –caxynbk hl„

ovv}aoic {cnic vòihy cagh`hyy vh}yaby ln}hi|`~ nb|a vh}gobhb| oiiaggalo|nab

{n|c –{}ov o}axbl yh}tnihy„ ny yxiihyydx` nb }hlxinbk cagh`hyybhyy obl v}aga|nbk

yaino` nbi`xynab" \cny Hx}avhob galh` {n`` coth y|}o|hkni }h`htobih nb |ch {o~

cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy o}h lh`nth}hl nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl" N| ny o`ya nb|hblhl |a

lhthàv o ghoyx}hghb| d}ogh{a}e da} cagh`hyybhyy obl caxynbk"

= Hx}avhob Iabyhbyxy Iabdh}hbih ab Cagh`hyybhyy: Va`ni~ ]hiagghblo|naby ad |ch Jx}~ #=6??.9 O|ch}|ab, N: GiBoxkc|ab Bnica``y, I: –Caxynbk Dn}y|„ oy o ghoby ad oll}hyynbk gx`|nv`h bhhly obl cagh`hyybhyy #=663.

Hx}avhob Jax}bo` ad Cagh`hyybhyy

?6



Y|o|x|a}~ Cagh`hyy \ch `hknyò|nab kath}bnbk cagh`hyybhyy nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl ny iab|onbhl nb |ch

Caxynbk #Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl. A}lh} ?>33 oy oghblhl, {cnic iogh nb|a da}ih nb Ov}n`

?>3>" \ch a}lh} vòihy o y|o|x|a}~ lx|~ ab |ch Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl Caxynbk Hshix|nth

|a v}atnlh |hgva}o}~ obl!a} vh}gobhb| oiiaggalo|nab da} ih}|onb k}axvy ad

cagh`hyy vh}yaby, lhvhblnbk xvab |ch oyyhyyghb| ad hoic vh}yab„y ioyh" \cayh

{ca yo|nyd~ |ch |hy|y ad:'

• H`nknmn`n|~

• Cagh`hyybhyy

• V}na}n|~ Bhhl

• Xbnb|hb|nabo` ~ cagh`hyy

o}h iabynlh}hl |a coth Dx`` Lx|~ Ovv`nio|nab Y|o|xy #DLO. oy |ch~ coth gh| o`` |ch

y|o|x|a}~ i}n|h}no oy lhbhl nb |ch `hknyò|nab" Da} |cayh ba| hb|n|`hl |a DLO y|o|xy

|ch}h ny o y|o|x|a}~ lx|~ |a v}atnlh oltnih obl oyyny|obih"

O iagv}hchbynth cagh`hyybhyy oyyhyyghb| iath}y h`nknmn`n|~, {cnic àaey

o| ob nblntnlxo`„y h`nknmn`n|~ da} caxynbk oyyny|obih" Oi|xo` a} |c}ho|hbhl {n|c

cagh`hyybhyy oyyhyyghb|y iabynlh} {ch|ch} ob ovv`niob| coy ba{ch}h |a `nth nb

|ch Xbn|hl Enbklag a} h`yh{ch}h da} o }obkh ad }hoyaby" V}na}n|~ bhhl hy|om`nychy o

vh}yab„y tx`bh}omn`n|~ ath} o }obkh ad }hoyaby obl nb|hb|nabo`n|~ aaey o| |ch oi|naby

a} agnyynaby {cnic go~ coth iab|}nmx|hl |a |chn} cagh`hyybhyy"

M}aolhbnbk |ch lhdbn|nab a cagh`hyybhyy \ch y|o|x|a}~ lhbn|nab ad cagh`hyybhyy ny }o|ch} bo}}a{ obl lahy ba| iov|x}h

|ch to}naxy da}gy ad cagh`hyybhyy a} n|y iagv`hs bo|x}h" \ch y|o|x|a}~ lhbn|nab

|c}a{y n||`h nkc| ab |ch lnh}hb| hb|}~ }ax|hy nb|a cagh`hyybhyy a} hsn|y

#vo|c{o~y." DHOB\YO, |ch Hx}avhob Dhlh}o|nab ad Bo|nabo` A}kobnyo|naby {a}enbk

{n|c |ch cagh`hyy coy v}atnlhl o –Hx}avhob \~vaàk~ ad Cagh`hyybhyy„ eba{b m~

|ch oi}ab~g H\CAY obl io``y da} n| |a mh xyhl oy o iaggab d}ogh{a}e lhbn|nab

ad cagh`hyybhyy o| HX `hth`" \ch H\CAY lhbn|nab iòyynhy vhav`h {ca o}h

cagh`hyy oiia}lnbk |a |chn} `ntnbk a} –cagh„ yn|xo|nab" \ch dax} io|hka}nhy a}

iabihv|y ad cagh`hyybhyy o}h:

• ]aahyybhyy

• Caxyh`hyybhyy

• Nbyhix}h caxynbk

• Nbolhqxo|h caxynbk

\chyh iabihv|xo` io|hka}nhy iob mh dx}|ch} lntnlhl nb|a ?9 avh}o|nabo` io|hka}nhy

#Ovvhblns 8. obl xyhl nb o y|}o|hkni {o~ |a ghoyx}h |ch hs|hb| ad cagh`hyybhyy

obl |a lhthàv, gabn|a} obl hto`xo|h va`ni~"

ICOV\H] = \ch bo|x}h obl hs|hb| ad cagh`hyybhyy

??



Cagh`hyy \}hblyCagh`hyybhyy coy mhhb nbi}hoynbk ynbih |ch ho}`~ bnbh|nhy" Mh|{hhb =668!64 obl

=66>!?6 |ch bxgmh}y `hth`hl a ab`~ |a yhh o ynkbniob| nbi}hoyh nb =6?6!?? {chb

=6,?83 caxyhca`ly v}hyhb|hl oy cagh`hyy" \cny nbi}hoyh, lxh nb vo}| |a |ch ix}}hb|

hiabagni yn|xo|nab {n`` coth ob olth}yh hhi| nb |ch ~ho}y |a iagh" \ch vh}ihb|okh

ad caxyhca`ly oiihv|hl oy dx`` lx|~ ovv`niob|y #DLO. coy }hgonbhl iaby|ob| o|

o}axbl 86( #|cny iagvo}hy |a 4<( da} Yia|òbl, <8( da} Hbkòbl obl <<( da}

[o`hy."

Xynbk |ch =66>!?6 cagh`hyybhyy y|o|ny|niy |ch vh}ihb|okh ad caxyhca`ly oiihv|hl

oy cagh`hyy nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl ny ?"<;( ad o`` caxyhca`ly {cnic ny yngnò} |a

Yia|òbl #?"84(. mx| ynkbniob|`~ k}ho|h} |cob Hbkòbl obl [o`hy #6"?>( obl 6"<8(}hyvhi|nth`~."

\cny go~ }hhi| lnh}hbihy nb |ch nb|h}v}h|o|nab ad y|o|x|a}~ }hyvabynmn`n|nhy nb

Hbkòbl obl [o`hy #KM y|o|ny|niy am|onbhl d}ag |ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Iaggxbn|nhy

obl @aio` Kath}bghb|, Yia||nyc Kath}bghb| obl [h`yc Oyyhgm`~ {hm yn|hy."

Nb ehhvnbk {n|c a|ch} jx}nylni|naby {n|cnb |ch XE, dogn`~ obl }hò|nabycnv m}hoela{b

iab|nbxhy |a mh |ch gonb }hoyab da} mhnbk oiihv|hl oy cagh`hyy, oiiaxb|nbk

da} 9?( ad |ch |a|o` nb =66<!68 obl =3( nb =6?6!??" Ynkbniob|`~, |ch bxgmh}y

oiihv|hl oy cagh`hyy lxh |a ix}}hb| oiiaggalo|nab mhnbk xb}hoyabom`h

nbi}hoyhl d}ag ?,39; #==(. nb =66<!68 |a =,4<< #=8(. nb =6?6!??" \cny ny lxh

v}nbinvo``~ |a |ch okhnbk vavxò|nab obl lnix`|nhy a`lh} vhav`h coth nb iab|nbxnbk

|a gonb|onb v}avh}|nhy {cnic go~ coth mhhb |ch dogn`~ cagh da} o iabynlh}om`h

bxgmh} ad ~ho}y" _xhy|naby o}nyh oy |a {ch|ch} |chyh caxyhca`ly ycax`l mh oyyny|hl

|c}axkc |ch Iaggab Yh`hi|nab Yichgh oy avvayhl |a cagh`hyybhyy hknyò|nab,

vo}|nixò}`~ ynbih gob~ la ba| {nyc |a oton` ad |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab" \cny

nyyxh {n`` mh iabynlh}hl oy vo}| ad o {nlh} }htnh{ ad |ch Iaggab Yh`hi|nab Yichgh

lxh da} iagv`h|nab nb =6?="

\ch àyy ad }hb|hl oiiaggalo|nab #nbi`xlnbk v}nto|h yhi|a}. oiiaxb|hl da} ?;( ad

|a|o` oiihv|obihy nb =66;!63 }hlxinbk |a ??( nb =6?6!??" Iabth}yh`~, |ch bxgmh}

ad caxyhca`ly {ca ày| |chn} caghy lxh |a lnix`|nhy {n|c ga}|kokh vo~ghb|y

nbi}hoyhl d}ag 3; nb =669!6< |a =66 nb =6?6!??" \ch}h coy mhhb o ynkbniob|nbi}hoyh nb |ch bxgmh}y ad caxyhca`ly oiihv|hl oy dx`` lx|~ cagh`hyy ovv`niob|y

da`à{nbk }h`hoyh d}ag nby|n|x|naby, nbi`xlnbk v}nyaby" \cny ny o`gay| ih}|onb`~ lxh

|a |ch nb|}alxi|nab ad |ch caxynbk obl cagh`hyybhyy oltnih yh}tnih nb v}nyaby,

{cnic ba{ nbi`xlhy |cayh {ca, cn|ch}|a, {ax`l coth mhhb cagh`hyy ab }h`hoyh"

\ch}h coy mhhb o ynkbniob| }hlxi|nab nb cagh`hyybhyy lxh |a nb|ngnlo|nab, {cnic

ny o }hhi|nab ab |ch v}ak}hyy |co| coy mhhb golh o| o va`n|nio` `hth` nb Ba}|ch}b

N}hòbl" O`gay| <<; caxyhca`ly {h}h oiihv|hl oy y|o|x|a}n`~ cagh`hyy lxh |a

yhi|o}nob a} vo}ogn`n|o}~ nb|ngnlo|nab nb =66<!68 obl |cny coy }hlxihl m~ =<( |a

ovv}asngo|h`~ 94? nb =6?6!??"

?=



\ch bo|x}h a cagh`hyybhyyO`|caxkc |ch omath y|o|ny|niy yca{ |ch oi|xo` bxgmh}y v}hyhb|nbk oy cagh`hyy

|ch~ la ba| cnkc`nkc| |ch icobknbk bo|x}h ad |ch cagh`hyy vavxò|nab {cnic

nbi`xlhy hs'ahblh}y, ~axbk vhav`h, a`lh} vhav`h, |cayh `hotnbk io}h obl gnk}ob|

{a}eh}y" Nbi}hoynbk bxgmh}y coth ghb|o` cho`|c obl ollni|nab v}am`hgy obl a|ch}

iagv`hs bhhly obl }hqxn}h nb|hbynth yxvva}|" Ynbk`h vh}yab caxyhca`ly oiiaxb|

da} 89( ad o`` caxyhca`ly v}hyhb|nbk oy cagh`hyy, ad {cnic 4;( o}h ynbk`h go`hy

mh|{hhb |ch okhy ad ?4 obl 8>" Nb iab|}oy|, ca{hth}, ynbk`hy ab`~ oiiaxb| da} 93(

ad |cayh qxo`nd~nbk da} dx`` lx|~ y|o|xy"

<]amxy| abkn|xlnbo` }hyho}ic coy cnkc`nkc|hl |ch l~bogni bo|x}h ad cagh`hyybhyy

{n|c |ch goja}n|~ ma|c hb|h}nbk obl hsn|nbk cagh`hyybhyy }hò|nth`~ yvhhln`~" Nbm}aol |h}gy, |c}hh yxm'yh|y ad |ch cagh`hyy vavxò|nab coth mhhb nlhb|nhl:

• \}obyn|nabo` cagh`hyybhyy, |co| ny |cayh {ca hb|h} |ch v}aihyy obl o}h v}agv|`~

oyyhyyhl obl }hcaxyhl obl la ba| }h|x}b |a mhnbk cagh`hyy"

• Hvnyalni cagh`hyybhyy #}hvho| cagh`hyybhyy., m}axkc| omax| m~ icobkhy nb

in}ixgy|obihy a} hthb|y"

• Ic}abni cagh`hyybhyy, |cny |hbly |a mh àbk |h}g xyh}y ad hgh}khbi~ yh}tnihy,

vo}|nixò}`~ }axkc y`hhvh}y"8

Nb khbh}o` |ch nyyxhy }hò|nbk |a |ch |}obyn|nabo` cagh`hyy o}h }hò|nth`~ hoynh} |a

oll}hyy" Da} |ch goja}n|~ nb |cny io|hka}~ ‐cagh`hyybhyy‗ {n`` mh o abh a hthb|

obl |ch~ {n`` hsn| cagh`hyybhyy ab o vh}gobhb| moyny" Yagh {n`` }hqxn}h ao|nbkyxvva}| yh}tnihy |a ch`v |chg yxy|onb |chn} |hbobinhy" \ch |ngh |oehb |a }hcaxyh

|cayh nb |ch |}obyn|nabo` cagh`hyybhyy io|hka}~ {n`` ò}kh`~ mh lhvhblhb| ab |ch

lhgobl da} caxynbk nb |ch ovv`niob|„y o}hoy ad icanih"

\ch a|ch} |{a cagh`hyy io|hka}nhy iob vayh ynkbniob| ico``hbkhy" Vhav`h

nb |chyh io|hka}nhy |hbl |a coth iagv`hs bhhly obl |chn} y|o~ nb |hgva}o}~

oiiaggalo|nab {n`` lhvhbl ab |ch iagv`hsn|~ ad |chn} yxvva}| bhhly obl

|ch otonòmn`n|~ ad yxn|om`h vh}gobhb| oiiaggalo|nab" Lntnlnbk |ch cagh`hyy

vavxò|nab nb|a |ch |c}hh io|hka}nhy ny to`xom`h nb |h}gy ad va`ni~ lhthàvghb|

oy |ch |c}hh da}gy ad cagh`hyybhyy {n`` }hqxn}h lnh}hb| va`ni~ nb|h}thb|naby obl

caxynbk vo|c{o~y |a hsn| d}ag cagh`hyybhyy"

< Hx}avhob Iabyhbyxy Iabdh}hbih ab Cagh`hyybhyy5 Va`ni~ ]hiagghblo|naby ad |ch Jx}~ #=6??.8 Caxynbk obl Cagh`hyy Va`ninhy nb Hx}avh: `hyyaby d}ag }hyho}ic Dhob|yo #=6?6.

?9



Vo|c{o~y nb obl ax| ad cagh`hyybhyy

\ch omath lnok}og yca{y |ch –vo|c{o~y nb obl ax| ad cagh`hyybhyy„" Abh

ngva}|ob| oyvhi| ny |ch –cnllhb cagh`hyy„ {cnic ad|hb }hihnthy n||`h o||hb|nab"

\ch –cnllhb cagh`hyy„ ny o yca}|cobl |h}g {cnic }hdh}y |a |ch `hyy tnynm`h cagh`hyy

{ca o}h ba| ab |ch y|}hh| obl }hgonb xbeba{b |a caxynbk v}atnlh}y obl o}h

ba| }hkny|h}hl ab caxynbk {on|nbk ny|y" \ch cnllhb cagh`hyy nbi`xlh |cayh `ntnbk

nb ath}i}a{lhl caxynbk, |cayh y|o~nbk {n|c dogn`~ obl d}nhbly #yado yx}bk.

mhioxyh ad o `oie ad oiiaggalo|nab obl |cayh omax| |a mh htni|hl d}ag |chn}

oiiaggalo|nab obl coth ba {ch}h h`yh |a `nth" \ch ngva}|ob| vanb| ch}h ny

|co| |alo~„y cnllhb cagh`hyy iob mhiagh |aga}}a{„y }axkc y`hhvh}y obl nd

cagh`hyybhyy ny |a mh v}hthb|hl }o|ch} |cob gobokhl |chb |ch nyyxh ad cnllhb

cagh`hyybhyy bhhly |a mh oll}hyyhl"

Cagh`hyyo| cagh

\hgva}o}~oiiaggalo|nab

Yxn|om`hvh}gobhb|

oiiaggalo|nab

CaxynbkHshix|nth

Cnllhb cagh`hyy

Cagh`hyy 1 V}na}n|~ bhhl 1 Nb|hb|nabo``~ 1

Cay|h`

Ath}i}a{lnbk, yado yx}bk, iabiho`hl caxyhca`ly

CaxynbkM}hoela{b

]axkcY`hhvh}y

Yxvva}|hlCaxynbkGath Ab

Y|o|x|a}~ Y~y|hg

?<

Cay|h` Y~y|hg



ICOV\H] 9Y|}o|hkni amjhi|nthy

Y\]O\HKNI AMJHI\NTH ? ' \A V@OIH CAGH@HYYBHYY V]HTHB\NAB O\ \CH DA]HD]AB\ AD YH]TNIH LH@NTH]^Va`ninhy o| Hx}avhob, bo|nabo` obl aio` hth`y hgvcoynyh |ch bhhl da} v}hthb|o|nth

yh}tnihy |a mh o| |ch cho}| ad cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hknhy" Cagh`hyybhyy ny ad|hb ba|

|ch }hyx`| ad o ynbk`h hthb| mx| oba|ch} y|hv nb o vo|c{o~ a} ‐io}hh}‗ {n|c ho}`nh}

y|okhy" \cny ny ngva}|ob| da} n| v}atnlhy avva}|xbn|nhy da} vx||nbk nb vòih ghoyx}hy

|a v}hthb| cagh`hyybhyy d}ag aiix}}nbk obl o``htno|nbk |ch |}oxgo |co| ad|hb

}hyx`|y" V}hthb|o|nth ghoyx}hy iob mh io|hka}nyhl xblh} |c}hh m}aol cholnbky: Ho}`~

Nb|h}thb|nab, V}h I}nyny Nb|h}thb|nab obl V}hthb|nbk ]hvho| Cagh`hyybhyy"

Ho}`~ nb|h}thb|nab

\cny nbi`xlhy nlhb|nd~nbk o`` |ch }nye doi|a}y obl iaa}lnbo|nbk yh}tnihy |a oll}hyy |chnblntnlxo`„y v}am`hgy" \cny {n`` nbta`th xblh}y|oblnbk obl oieba{`hlknbk |ch gx`|n

doih|hl bo|x}h ad cagh`hyybhyy obl |ch nbch}hb| }nye ad yaino` hsi`xynab" Knthb |ch

bo|x}h ad cagh`hyybhyy, tx`bh}om`h nblntnlxo y o}h neh`~ |a coth gx`|nv`h bhhly

obl |ch}hda}h ho}`~ nb|h}thb|nab obl oyyhyyghb| ad bhhly ny eh~ |a v}hthb|nbk a}

}hlxinbk |ch hhi|y ad cagh`hyybhyy"

Cagh`hyybhyy va`ninhy obl nb|h}thb|naby ycax`l mh htnlhbih moyhl obl |cny

ghoby ia``hi|nbk lo|o |co| |oehy nb|a oiiaxb| |ch gx`|nlnghbynabo` bo|x}h ad

cagh`hyybhyy" Yxic lo|o {n`` ba| mh |co| hoy~ |a ia``hi| obl {n`` iagh d}ag o to}nh|~

ad yax}ihy ch`l m~ to}naxy okhbinhy, ca{hth} cotnbk iagv}hchbynth lo|o {n`` mh

bhihyyo}~ |a nbda}g obl v}atnlh o moyh`nbh |a hto`xo|h |ch yxiihyy ad |ch y|}o|hk~"

Ho}`~ nb|h}thb|nab tno gx`|n bhhly oyyhyyghb| ny o v}ngo}~ hsogv`h ad i}ayy yhi|a}o`

{a}enbk |a |onà} |ch v}atnynab ad yh}tnihy da} tx`bh}om`h nblntnlxo y" \ch ca`ny|ni

oyyhyyghb| ad o tx`bh}om`h vh}yab„y bhhly `holy |a ga}h |o}kh|hl nb|h}thb|naby"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• Ia``hi| obl obo`~yh lo|o da} o`` |ch H\CAY cagh`hyy io|hka}nhy m~ =6?=!?95

• Ghoyx}h |ch hs|hb| ad cnllhb cagh`hyybhyy m~ =6?=!?95

• V}hthb| }hvho| cagh`hyybhyy |c}axkc Gx`|n Okhbi~ Nb|h}thb|nab" \a mh

nbn|no|hl m~ =6?=!?9 obl dx``~ avh}o|nabo` m~ =6?<!?85• V}alxih ob oyyhyyghb| d}ogh{a}e |a v}atnlh ca`ny|ni oyyhyyghb| yh}tnihy

ax|ynlh ad Mh`doy| m~ Cho`|c $ Yaino` Yh}tnihy, |a mh nb vòih obl }a``hl ax|

oi}ayy o`` o}hoy m~ =6?<!?8"

V}h' I}nyny Nb|h}thb|nab \cny nbi`xlhy }hyvablnbk |a eba{b |}nkkh}y!doi|a}y a} hthb|y obl ch`vnbk vhav`h m~

v}atnlnbk yh}tnihy |a |cayh ab |ch th}kh ad o caxynbk i}nyny"

?8



Oltnih $ oyyny|obihIabynlh}om`h ngva}|obih ny o||oichl |a |ch v}atnynab ad hhi|nth oltnih obl

oyyny|obih" \ch Caxynbk #Oghblghb|. Oi| #BN. =6?6 vòihy ob olln|nabo`

y|o|x|a}~ }hyvabynmn`n|~ ab |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth |a v}atnlh ovv}av}no|h oltnih

obl oyyny|obih ab cagh`hyybhyy obl cagh`hyybhyy v}hthb|nab" Nb olln|nab |ch

Lhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino` Lhthàvghb| coy yh| ax| kxnlobih ab |ch v}a oi|nth

ovv}aoic |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth ycax`l |oeh nb |ch v}atnynab ad oltnih obl

nbda}go|nab" Ca{hth}, ab aiioynab |ch}h ny |ch bhhl da} |ch v}atnynab ad hsvh}|

oltnih ab iagv`hs obl `hko` v}aihhlnbky" Nb }hyvabyh |a |cny |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth

{n`` iabynlh} |ch lhthàvghb| ad da}go` }hdh}}o` o}}obkhghb|y {n|c yvhino`ny| oltnih

okhbinhy |a oiihv| yxic }hdh}}o`y" \ch v}atnynab ad oltnih nb o`` da}go|y nbi`xlnbk

{hm moyhl oltnih obl |}oln|nabo` oltnih ihb|}hy o}h tn|o` }hyax}ihy |a oyyny|nblntnlxo`y nb o caxynbk i}nyny obl ath} gob~ ~ho}y oltnih coy mhhb v}atnlhl m~ |ch

Caxynbk Hshix|nth obl a|ch} y|o|x|a}~ obl ta`xb|o}~ okhbinhy"

\ch nb|}alxi|nab ad |ch ‐oltnih nb v}nyaby‗ nbn|no|nth coy mhhb abh ad |ch yxiihyyhy

ad |ch =66= Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~" \ch}hda}h, |ch bh{ Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~

yxvva}|y |ch dx}|ch} lhthàvghb| ad oltnih v}atnynab {n|cnb v}nyaby"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• V}atnlh iagv}hchbynth caxynbk obl cagh`hyybhyy oltnih yh}tnihy |a o``

{ca }hqxn}h n|, d}hh ad ico}kh, |a mh dx``~ nb vòih m~ =6?9!?<"

• V}atnlh v}h'}h`hoyh caxynbk oltnih, nbi`xlnbk |hbobi~ yxy|onbghb| |a o``

v}nyabh}y, |a mh dx``~ otonòm`h m~ =6?9!?< o| o`` v}nyaby! lh|hb|nab ihb|}hy"

• Hbcobih vo}|bh}ycnv {a}enbk ogabky| |ch ia}h okhbinhy nb }hò|nab |a

~axbk vhav`h `hotnbk |ch jxthbn`h jxy|nih y~y|hg, |a mh nb vòih m~ =6?9!?<"

V}hthb|nbk }hvho| cagh`hyybhyy \cny nbi`xlhy v}atnlnbk yh}tnihy {cnic ch`v vhav`h {ca coth v}htnaxy`~ mhhb

cagh`hyy |a lhthàv |chn} iovoin|~ |a oiihyy |ch }hyax}ihy |ch~ bhhl |a gonb|onb

|chn} |hbobinhy"

\hbobi~ Yxy|onbghb|

]hyho}ic io}}nhl ax| nb Yia|òbl m~ Co` Vo{yab4 h| o` {cnic }holy oi}ayy

|a Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl y|o|hy |co| |ch ‐ò}khy| yio`h obl gay| hhi|nth da}g ad

cagh`hyybhyy v}hthb|nab ny yxvva}| |a ch`v tx`bh}om`h iaxbin` |hbob|y |a }h|onb

|hbobinhy‗" \ch |h}g tx`bh}om`h ycax`l mh nb|h}v}h|hl {nlh`~ obl nbi`xlh o`` |cayh

}hqxn}nbk yxvva}| |a gonb|onb o |hbobi~" \hbobi~ Yxy|onbghb| ny ba| ca{hth} o

y|obl oàbh y|}o|hk~ mx| lhvhbly ab |ch hhi|nthbhyy ad a|ch} y|}o|hknhy yxic oy

|ch Dnbobino` Nbi`xynab Y|}o|hk~, Caxynbk ]hò|hl Yxvva}| Y|}o|hk~, Iaggxbn|~

Yodh|~ Y|}o|hk~ obl a|ch}y"

4 Vo{yab, C5 Lotnlyab,H: Hto`xo|nab ad Cagh`hyy V}hthb|nab Oi|ntn|nhy nb Yia|òbl #=66;. Yia||nyc Hshix|nth

?4



Oy vo}| ad ab kanbk yxvva}| yh}tnihy |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth {n`` nb|}alxih \hbobi~Yxvva}| Oyyhyyghb|y da} o`` bh{ Caxynbk Hshix|nth |hbob|y {cnic {n`` nbia}va}o|h

o bobino` cho`|c ichie obl |ch nlhb|nio|nab ad a|ch} yxvva}| bhhly" \hbob|y

{n|c yxvva}| bhhly {n`` mh ynkb vay|hl |a ao|nbk yxvva}| yh}tnihy obl a|ch}

a}kobnyo|naby |a am|onb |ch yxvva}| }hqxn}hl"

Dào|nbk Yxvva}| Yh}tnihy

Dào|nbk yxvva}| yh}tnihy o}h ngva}|ob| |a ch`v vhav`h yxy|onb |chn} |hbobinhy"

Dào|nbk yxvva}| iob mh k}axvhl xblh} |{a io|hka}nhy, Khbh}ni a} Yvhino`ny|"

Khbh}ni yxvva}| lho`y yvhinio``~ {n|c i}nyny nb|h}thb|nab obl daixyhy ab à{

`hth` v}hthb|nth {a}e" N| |~vnio``~ iath}y yxic go||h}y oy: lhm| oltnih, mxlkh|nbk

obl lon`~ `ntnbk yen``y h|i" Yvhino`ny| yxvva}| ny yagh|nghy }hqxn}hl da} |cayh {n|ciagv`hs bhhly, ghb|o` n``bhyy, ollni|naby h|i" \ch |~vh ad yxvva}| |hbob|y |~vnio``~

}hqxn}h ny khbh}ni obl da} }hò|nth`~ yca}| vh}naly ad |ngh |a y|omn`nyh |chn} |hbobi~"

Dào|nbk Yxvva}| Yh}tnihy iob vò~ ob ngva}|ob| }a`h nb |ch }hyh||`hghb| v}aihyy da}

|cayh nblntnlxo`y gatnbk d}ag yxvva}|hl caxynbk |a ntnbk nblhvhblhb|`~" Dào|nbk

Yxvva}| yh}tnihy {n`` coth ob ngva}|ob| }a`h nb |ch lhthàvghb| ad –caxynbk `hl„

}hyvabyhy |a cagh`hyybhyy"

Cagh`hyybhyy v}hthb|nab nb |ch iaggxbn|~

\ch Y|}o|hk~ }hiakbnyhy |ch to`xh ad yxvva}|nbk iaggxbn|nhy |a bl ya`x|naby

|a aio` v}am`hgy" \cny ny hqxo``~ |}xh nb |ch o}ho ad cagh`hyybhyy, {ch}h

iaggxbn|~ o{o}hbhyy obl |}onbnbk ad àio` bh|{a}ey iob coth o vayn|nth ngvoi| ab

cagh`hyybhyy v}hyhb|o|naby obl }hvho| cagh`hyybhyy"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• Nb|}alxih \hbobi~ Yxvva}| Oyyhyyghb|y |a ch`v Caxynbk Hshix|nth |hbob|y

|a yxy|onb |chn} |hbobinhy, |a mh nb vòih m~ =6?9!?<"

• Lhthàv vhh} yxvva}| bh|{a}ey |co| iob v}atnlh yxvva}| |a Caxynbk

Hshix|nth |hbob|y |a ch`v |chg yxy|onb |chn} |hbobinhy, |a mh nb vòih m~

=6?9!?<"

• Lhthàv o }hdh}}o` ghicobnyg |a hbom`h |ch v}atnynab ad ao|nbk yxvva}|yh}tnihy |a tx`bh}om`h nblntnlxo`y nb |ch v}nto|h }hb|hl yhi|a}, |a mh nb vòih

m~ =6?9!?<"

• Hsognbh dogn`~ ghlno|nab!dogn`~ nb|h}thb|nab v}ak}ogghy oy o ghoby |a ch`v

~axbk vhav`h yxy|onb Caxynbk Hshix|nth |hbobinhy, |a mh iagv`h|hl

m~ =6?<!?8"

?;



Y\]O\HKNI AMJHI\NTH = ' \A ]HLXIH \CH @HBK\C AD \NGHCAXYHCA@LY HSVH]NHBIH CAGH@HYYBHYY M^ NGV]ATNBK OIIHYY

\A ODDA]LOM@H CAXYNBK \a }hlxih |ch |ngh vhav`h hsvh}nhbih cagh`hyybhyy, n| ny ngva}|ob| |a iabynlh}

|ch to}naxy caxynbk av|naby |co| o}h otonòm`h |a |cayh {ca mhiagh cagh`hyy" Nb

}hò|nab |a |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab |cny {n`` nbi`xlh cay|h` oiiaggalo|nab obl

ynbk`h h|y" Vh}gobhb| oiiaggalo|nab av|naby {n`` nbi`xlh a{bh} aiixvo|nab,

yaino` caxynbk obl |ch v}nto|h }hb|hl yhi|a}"

Nb iabynlh}nbk cay|h` oiiaggalo|nab o lny|nbi|nab bhhly |a mh golh mh|{hhb

hgh}khbi~ obl |}obyn|nabo` oiiaggalo|nab" Hgh}khbi~ oiiaggalo|nab

ny xyhl ab o yca}| |h}g moyny |a v}hthb| o i}nyny" \ch vx}vayh ad |}obyn|naboòiiaggalo|nab ny |a ch`v vhav`h }hixvh}o|h yxinhb|`~ nb a}lh} |a gath nb|a

ga}h nblhvhblhb| yh||nbky" ; \}obyn|nabo` oiiaggalo|nab ycax`l |ch}hda}h mh

‐vòihy ad icobkh‗ obl v}atnlh oiihyy |a o }obkh ad yh}tnihy nbi`xlnbk hgvà~ghb|,

taio|nabo` |}onbnbk, dx}|ch} hlxio|nab obl }hi}ho|nab" Ba abh ycax`l }hgonb nb

|}obyn|nabo` oiiaggalo|nab ob~ àbkh} |cob |ch~ bhhl |a, a|ch}{nyh |ch i~i`h ad

cagh`hyybhyy iob mh hb|}hbichl" \ch y|o~ nb |}obyn|nabo` caxynbk ycax`l |ch}hda}h

mh ‐|ngh ngn|hl‗ {cnic hgvcoynyhy |ch ngva}|obih ad hsn| vo|c{o~y obl yxvva}|

vòby |a v}hvo}h |cayh ntnbk nb |}obyn|nabo` caxynbk da} o gath |a ga}h yh||`hl

oiiaggalo|nab"

\ch ix}}hb| va}|da`na ad |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab nb }hyvabyh |a cagh`hyybhyycoy mhhb lhthàvhl |oenbk oiiaxb| ad àio` cagh`hyybhyy |}hbly, yvhino` bhhly obl

|ch bhhl |a v}atnlh yh`d iab|onbhl oiiaggalo|nab {ch}h vayynm`h" O}kxom`~ |ch}h

{n`` o`{o~y mh |ch bhhl da} hgh}khbi~ obl |}obyn|nabo` oiiaggalo|nab ca{hth}

|ch hgvcoyny ycax`l mh ab }hlxinbk |ch |ngh yvhb| |ch}h obl o }hbh{hl daixy ab

vo|c{o~y ax| ad cagh`hyybhyy obl v}hvo}nbk vhav`h da} nblhvhblhb| ntnbk"

\HGVA]O]^ OIIAGGALO\NAB

[cn`h |ch}h coth mhhb ba|h{a}|c~ oltobihy nb |h}gy ad |ch bxgmh}, |~vh obl

qxo`n|~ ad |hgva}o}~ ya`x|naby |a cagh`hyybhyy, |ch}h o}h iab|nbxhl iabih}by ath}

|ch ogaxb| ad |ngh nblntnlxo`y }hgonb nb |hgva}o}~ caxynbk yn|xo|naby"

O| v}hyhb| |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth coy oiihyy |a |ch da`à{nbk |hgva}o}~

oiiaggalo|nab:

• =6 Caxynbk Hshix|nth cay|h`y

• ;6 ta`xb|o}~ yhi|a} cay|h`y

• Oiihyy |a ath} 366 v}nto|h ynbk`h `h| v}avh}|nhy"

\ch `hbk|c ad y|o~ nb |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab ny ò}kh`~ lhvhblhb| ab |ch `hbk|c

ad |ngh n| |oehy |a oiihyy vh}gobhb| caxynbk" \ch oth}okh `hbk|c ad y|o~ ny ix}}hb|`~

<4 {hhey"

; Iaggxbn|nhy obl @aio` Kath}bghb| Vòihy ad Icobkh' \oie`nbk cagh`hyybhyy |c}axkc |ch cay|h`y iovn|o` ngv}athghb|v}ak}oggh #=664.

?3



O`|caxkc ynkbniob| ngv}athghb|y coth mhhb golh nb |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nabynbih =66=, nb iagnbk ~ho}y, o bxgmh} ad nyyxhy gxy| mh oll}hyyhl:

• Hbyx}nbk |ch ia}}hi| moòbih mh|{hhb yxvva}|hl obl yh`d iab|onbhl v}nto|h

yhi|a} oiiaggalo|nab" Htnlhbih yxkkhy|y yagh cagh`hyy caxyhca`ly {ca

iax`l nth nblhvhblhb|`~ {n|c a{h} hth` ao|nbk yxvva}| o}h nbovv}av}no|h`~

vòihl nb cnkch} iay| yxvva}|hl oiiaggalo|nab"

• Hbyx}nbk |co| hoic }hynlhb| coy o yxvva}| vòb |co| lho y ba| ab`~ {n|c yhix}nbk

oiiaggalo|nab mx| a|ch} ndhy|~`h nyyxhy"

• Hbyx}nbk |ch}h o}h dh{ mo}}nh}y |a oiihyynbk cay|h` oiiaggalo|nab

obl hsi`xynab va`ninhy o}h }hoyabom`h obl ab`~ xyhl nb th}~ hsihv|nabo`

in}ixgy|obihy"

• Hbyx}nbk v}nto|h yhi|a} |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab ny o iay|'hhi|nth ya`x|nab"Htnlhbih yxkkhy|y |co| nbi}hoyhl hinhbinhy go~ mh oicnhthl m~ }h'olth}|nynbk

nb |ch avhb go}eh|"

\ch Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ v}atnlhy |ch avva}|xbn|~ |a hbkokh {n|c Yxvva}|nbk

Vhav`h ia``hokxhy obl |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab v}atnlh}y |a iagv`h|h o

dxbloghb|o` }htnh{ ad |ch |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab va}|da`na obl |a lhthàv

vòby da} |ch lh`nth}~ ad o iay| hhi|nth }hyvabyh {cnic moòbihy |ch bhhl da}

yxvva}|hl obl xbyxvva}|hl oiiaggalo|nab" \ch }htnh{ {n`` yh| }hqxn}hghb|y da}

|ch }hgato` ad }hy|}ni|nth v}oi|nihy nb }hò|nab |a oiihyy obl htni|naby"

\ch ngvoi| ad {h`do}h }hda}g obl |ch }htnh{ ad |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab[cn`y| dx}|ch} }hyho}ic {n`` mh xblh}|oehb nb a}lh} |a dx``~ xblh}y|obl |ch ngvoi| ad

{h`do}h }hda}g, n| ny ovvo}hb| |co| |ch}h ny neh`~ |a mh ynkbniob| gathghb| {n|cnb

|ch Caxynbk Yhi|a} oy |hbob|y obl v}atnlh}y oljxy| |a |ch ngvoi| ad |ch icobkhy"

\ch nb|}alxi|nab ad |ch yco}hl }aag }o|h ad Caxynbk Mhbh| nb Jobxo}~ =6?= da}

ynbk`h vhav`h mh|{hhb |ch okhy ad =8 obl xblh} 98 ny `neh`~ |a coth o ynzhom`h

ngvoi| obl go~ va|hb|no``~ nbi}hoyh lhgobl ab |ch yaino` yhi|a} obl `hol |a o

la{b|x}b nb v}nto|h yhi|a} }hb|o`y a|ch} |cob da} Caxyhy nb Gx`|nv`h Aiixvo|nab

#CGAy." \ch nbhtn|om`h ebaie ab hhi| {n`` mh |co| |cny caxyhca`l |~vh {n`` mh `hyy

`neh`~ |a yhhe caxynbk nb |ch v}nto|h yhi|a} obl |cayh |co| la {n`` mh iabbhl |a

caxyhy nb gx`|nv`h aiixvo|nab #CGAy." Nb olln|nab, |cny Caxynbk Mhbh| icobkhgnkc| o`ya coth ynkbniob| ngvoi| ab |ch xyh ad obl lhgobl da} |hgva}o}~

oiiaggalo|nab cay|h`y, oy nblntnlxo`y {n|cnb |ch okh =8 obl xblh} 98 yhhe |a

oljxy| |a |ch }htnyhl }hkxò|naby" N| ycax`l mh ba|hl |co| nblntnlxo`y nb |hgva}o}~

oiiaggalo|nab {n`` mh hshgv| d}ag |ch Caxynbk Mhbh| }hy|}ni|naby, v}atnlhl

|ch~ coth mhhb }hynlhb| nb o cay|h` da} o| `hoy| |c}hh gab|cy" \cny coy |ch va|hb|no`

|a ba| ab`~ }hyx`| nb ob nbi}hoyhl lhgobl da} cay|h`y mx| o`ya o }h`xi|obih |a ‐gath

ab‗ {cnic iax`l `hol |a |ch iabyhqxhb|no` yn`|nbk xv ad mhl yvoihy"

?>



3 LYL5 Mxn`lnbk Yaxbl Daxblo|naby ’ O Y|}o|hk~ da} |ch V}nto|h ]hb|hl Yhi|a}" Iabyx`|o|nab laixghb| #=66>.

Nb }hò|nab |a |ch v}nto|h }hb|hl yhi|a} |ch}h bhhly |a mh yvhini yxvva}| da}|cayh {ca o}h tx`bh}om`h |a hbyx}h |ch~ iob oiihyy obl yxy|onb oiiaggalo|nab" \ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino` Lhthàvghb|„y Y|}o|hk~ da} |ch V}nto|h ]hb|hl Yhi|a}

#‐Mxn`lnbk Yaxbl Daxblo|naby‗., {cnic {oy vxm`nychl nb Go}ic =6?6, y|o|hl |co|{a}e {ax`l mh xblh}|oehb |a yiavh obl oll}hyy |ch bhhly ad |ch gay| tx`bh}om`h

nblntnlxo`y obl dogn`nhy nb yhix}nbk obl yxy|onbnbk v}nto|h yhi|a} |hbobinhy" \chCaxynbk Hshix|nth ny {a}enbk {n|c |ch Lhvo}|ghb| |a lhthàv yxic o yichgh

{cnic {n`` l}o{ ab |ch y|}hbk|cy obl gh}n|y ad }hb| lhvayn| kxo}ob|hh yichghy#nbi`xlnbk Ygo}|Gath." ]hb| lhvayn| kxo}ob|hh yichghy hsny|, o`mhn| nb ngn|hl

àio|naby" Hsny|nbk v}atnlh}y hgvcoynyh |co| |chn} yxiihyy ny ò}kh`~ lxh |a |chyxvva}| v}atnlhl |a oblà}ly obl |hbob|y nb |ch gobokhghb| ad |hbobinhy" \cny

yxvva}| v}atnlhy òblà}ly {n|c |ch nbihb|nth |a goeh v}avh}|nhy otonòm`h o| a}o}axbl @aio` Caxynbk O`à{obih hth`y" Nb }hò|nab |a |ch v}atnynab ad |hbobi~

yxvva}|, lnyixyynaby o}h xblh}{o~ {n|c Yxvva}|nbk Vhav`h ia``hokxhy nb }hò|nab|a |ch xyh ad hsny|nbk ao|nbk yxvva}| yh}tnihy |a ghh| |cny }hqxn}hghb|" \a goeh

k}ho|h} xyh ad |ch v}nto|h }hb|hl yhi|a} –gath ab„ v}aihyyhy d}ag |hgva}o}~oiiaggalo|nab {n`` }hqxn}h nbey |a Vh}yabo` Caxynbk Vòby"

Ca{hth}, |ch}h o}h iabih}by omax| |ch va|hb|no` ad |ch V}nto|h ]hb|hl Yhi|a} |a‐ah} k}ho|h} icanih nb ghh|nbk caxynbk bhhl, vo}|nixò}`~ da} |cayh vhav`h {ca

|}oln|nabo``~ aae |a |ch yaino` yhi|a} da} caxynbk‗3 "\chyh iabih}by nbi`xlh |chv}avayhl icobkhy nb |ch [h`do}h ]hda}g okhblo obl iaxv`hl {n|c |ch hiabagni

la{b|x}b, |ch}h go~ mh o ynkbniob| ngvoi| ab |ch omn`n|~ ad o bxgmh} ad eh~

k}axvy |a oiihyy oa}lom`h obl ovv}av}no|h caxynbk" Dx}|ch} iabih}by nbi`xlh:• Nbi}hoyhl iagvh|n|nab nb |ch v}nto|h }hb|hl yhi|a} d}ag |cayh nb hgvà~ghb|

{ca iobba| oiihyy o ga}|kokh" \cny iaghy ab |av ad |ch oda}hghb|nabhl

yca}|okh nb |ch yaino` caxynbk yxvv`~"

• V}am`hgy {n|c Caxynbk Mhbh| yca}|do``y |co| go~ }hyx`| nb nbi}hoyhl}hvayyhyynaby oi}ayy o`` }hb|hl |hbx}hy, obl |cxy nbi}hoyhl cagh`hyybhyy

v}hyhb|o|naby"

• \ch hs|hbynab ad |ch ynbk`h }aag }hb| |a |cayh xblh} 98 ~ho}y ad okh {n`` vòihy|}onb ab |ch hsny|nbk }obkh ad Caxyhy nb Gx`|nv`h Aiixvo|nab #CGAy. obl

olln|nabo` oyyhyyghb| yh}tnihy |a hbyx}h ovv}av}no|h yco}nbk o}}obkhghb|y"

\a ch`v ogh`na}o|h |ch {a}y| ohi|y ad |ch {h`do}h }hda}gy kath}bghb| ycax`l knthiabynlh}o|nab |a nbi}hoynbk |ch dxblnbk da} Lnyi}h|nabo}~ Caxynbk Vo~ghb| obla|ch} dxblnbk y|}hogy yngnò} |a K}ho| M}n|onb, |a mh |o}kh|hl o| |cayh y|}xkk`nbk |a

ghh| |chn} }hb|o` am`nko|naby obl {ca o}h doinbk htni|nab m~ |chn} oblà}ly"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• Hsognbh ca{ [h`do}h ]hda}g ngvoi|y ab cagh`hyybhyy, |a mh xblh}|oehb

m~ =6?=!?9"• Nb|}alxih o Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl {nlh V}nto|h ]hb|hl Yhi|a} Oiihyy Yichgh,

|a mh nb vòih m~ =6?<!?8"

=?



Y\]O\HKNI AMJHI\NTH 9 ' ]HGATH \CH BHHL \A Y@HHV ]AXKC]axkc y`hhvnbk }hv}hyhb|y |ch yhth}hy| da}g ad cagh`hyybhyy" Nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl

|ch v}avhbyn|~ |a }axkc y`hhv ny iabbhl ò}kh`~ |a Mh`doy| obl |a o gxic `hyyh}hs|hb| @ablablh}}~"

]axkc Y`hhvh}y |hbl |a `nth ab |ch d}nbkhy ad yainh|~ obl m~ lhbn|nab |chn} }ax|nbhy

o}h xyxo``~ icoa|ni obl |}axm`hl" \ch~ o}h tx`bh}om`h |a cagh`hyybhyy obl nbi`xlhvhav`h {ca gnyxyh oìaca` obl l}xky, vhav`h {n|c ghb|o` cho`|c v}am`hgy, vhav`h

`hotnbk v}nyab a} a|ch} nby|n|x|naby obl vhav`h {ca coth hsvh}nhbihl dogn`~ a}}hò|nabycnv m}hoela{b nbi`xlnbk laghy|ni tna`hbih" Lxo` lnokbayny ny ob nbi}hoynbk

v}am`hg ogabk }axkc y`hhvh}y oy gob~ vhav`h |hbl |a coth ghb|o` n``bhyy obloìaca` omxyh v}am`hgy" Knthb |ch bo|x}h ad |chyh iabln|naby }axkc y`hhvh}y

}hqxn}h nb|hbynth yh}tnihy"

Xynbk |ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Iaggxbn|nhy $ @aio` Kath}bghb|„y kxnlobih abiaxb|nbk }axkc y`hhvh}y, dh{h} |cob ?6 nblntnlxo`y }axkc y`hhv nb Mh`doy| ab o knthb

bnkc|, ba| nbi`xlnbk o bxgmh} ad da}hnkb bo|nabo`y {ca y`hhv }axkc ab o }hkxò}moyny" \ch}h o}h, ca{hth}, xv |a ?66 nblntnlxo`y {ca iax`l y`hhv }axkc }hkxò}`~

nd ovv}av}no|h yh}tnihy {h}h ba| v}atnlhl" Nb @ablablh}}~ |ch v}am`hg ny ò}kh`~iabbhl |a y|}hh| l}nbenbk o`|caxkc, okonb, {n|cax| ovv}av}no|h yh}tnihy, |ch}h ny

|ch iovoin|~ da} |cny |a mhiagh o }axkc y`hhvnbk v}am`hg" Ovv}av}no|h yh}tnihyiob to}~, moyhl ab |ch aio|nabo` in}ixgy|obihy, ca{hth} |ch}h o}h ia}h yh}tnihy

|co| o}h iaggab |a o`` àio|naby, y|}hh| ax|}hoic yxvva}| yh}tnihy, oiihyy |a i}nyny

oiiaggalo|nab, iagv}hchbynth oyyhyyghb| obl |ch lhthàvghb| ad o iab|nbxxgad yh}tnihy d}ag i}nyny oiiaggalo|nab |a gath ab obl |c}axkc |a }hyh||`hghb|"

]axkc Y`hhvh}y

Mh`doy|[ch}hoy |ch bxgmh} ad nblntnlxo`y y`hhvnbk }axkc nb Mh`doy| ab o knthb bnkc| ny

ygo`` #ba}go``~ xblh} ?6. |ch}h o}h gob~ ga}h {ca coth |ch v}avhbyn|~ |a la ya nd Y|}hh| Ax|}hoic obl o``nhl }axkc y`hhvnbk yh}tnihy {h}h ba| nb vòih"

[ch}hoy |ch iab|nbxxg ad yh}tnihy coy hbcobihl |ch }hyvabyh |a }axkc

y`hhvnbk obl y|}hh| l}nbenbk nb Mh`doy|, ngv}athghb|y o}h y|n`` }hqxn}hl |a |}oie nblntnlxo`y |c}axkc |ch iab|nbxxg obl |a nlhb|nd~ |cayh {ca }hvho|hl`~ oiihyy

oiiaggalo|nab |c}axkc |ch y|}hh| ax|}hoic yh}tnihy" Nb olln|nab, {ch}hoy nbeyhsny| {n|c cho`|c yh}tnihy vo}|nixò}`~ nb }hò|nab |a bx}ynbk io}h ma|c nb |ch lo~

ihb|}h obl nb |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab hy|om`nycghb|y, ngv}athl oiihyy |a |ch}hihb|`~ da}ghl l}xky obl oìaca` ia'iaa}lnbo|nbk |hog nb Mh`doy| {n`` hbcobih |ch

icobihy ad yxiihyydx` }hcomn`n|o|nab" Knthb |co| y|}hh| ax|}hoic obl lo~|ngh yh}tnihycoth ba{ mhhb nb avh}o|nab da} o bxgmh} ad ~ho}y, |ch hhi|nthbhyy obl y|}o|hkni

}h`htobih ad |chyh yh}tnihy {oy }hihb|`~ hto`xo|hl m~ Lhàn||h GIY" \ch iabyx`|ob|y„}hva}|hl th}~ vayn|nth`~ ab y|}hh| ax|}hoic obl l}av nb ihb|}h yh}tnihy"

==



Lh}}~!@ablablh}}~ \ch ngv`hghb|o|nab ad |ch }axkc y`hhvh} y|}o|hk~ nb |ch in|~ ny mhnbk v}ak}hyyhlath} < eh~ y|okhy iagv}nynbk:

Y|okh ? V}ajhi| Nbn|no|nab obl V}atnlh} Hbkokhghb|

Y|okhy =!9 Yh}tnih Lhynkb obl Yvhinio|nab!Yh}tnih }ho`nkbghb|

Y|okh < Obo`~yhy ad Ax|iaghy obl Hto`xo|nab ]hva}|

Y|okh ? ad ngv`hghb|o|nab coy mhhb iagv`h|hl" \cny nbi`xlhl |ch hy|om`nycghb|ad nb|h}ng i}nyny o}}obkhghb|y |a oiiaggalo|h |cayh {ca {h}h nlhb|nhl oyy`hhvnbk }axkc" Y|okh = ny |ch ngv`hghb|o|nab ad |ch eh~ v}hvo}o|nab y|okh da}oicnhtnbk yh}tnih }ho`nkbghb|" Y|okh 9 {cnic {n`` ovv`~ |ch ok}hhl yh}tnih icobkhy

o| ob avh}o|nabo` `hth`" \cny {n`` hbyx}h |co| hth}~ yh}tnih {a}enbk {n|c |ch y|}hh|vavxò|nab ny avh}o|nbk nb o i`ho}`~ lhbhl }a`h {n|cnb |ch yh}tnih iab|nbxxgobl ny lh`nth}nbk hhi|nth nb|h}thb|naby da} yh}tnih xyh}y" Ma|c y|okhy ycax`l mhiagv`h|hl m~ =6?9!?<"

\c}axkcax| |ch ngv`hghb|o|nab ad |ch y|}o|hk~ |ch eh~ amjhi|nthy ad |chngv`hghb|o|nab vòb {n`` iab|nbxh |a mh lh`nth}hl {n|cnb |ch iab|hs| ad ia`òma}o|nth {a}enbk {n|c eh~ v}atnlh}y obl àio` y|oehca`lh}y" \cny {n`` mhoicnhthl |c}axkc |ch {a}e ad |ch Kaal V}oi|nih Daixy K}axv obl |ch Gx`|n'okhbi~ V}ajhi| Y|hh}nbk K}axv" \cny y|}xi|x}h v}atnlhy ath}o`` ln}hi|nab obl hbyx}hynbi`xyntn|~ obl oi|nth nbvx| nb|a |ch ngv`hghb|o|nab ad |ch y|}o|hk~ o| o àio` `hth`"

[co| {h {n`` la:• Hto`xo|h hsny|nbk yh}tnihy obl nbda}go|nab yco}nbk o}}obkhghb|y nb }hò|nab

|a |ch bhhly ad |cayh {n|c oìaca` ollni|naby, |a mh iagv`h|hl m~ =6?9!?<"

• Ok}hh yh}tnih icobkhy |a hbyx}h hhi|nth nb|h}thb|naby, |a mh nb vòih m~=6?9!?<"

• Iabynlh} o ‐Caxynbk `hl‗ galh` oy ob o`|h}bo|nth |a abh v}atnlnbk oiab|nbxxg ad yh}tnihy, |a mh xblh}|oehb m~ =6?9!?<"

• V}alxih o bh{ Mh`doy| ]axkc Y`hhvh}y Y|}o|hk~ |a mh otonòm`h m~ =6?<!?8"

Ollni|nab Yh}tnihyNb |ch voy| ?3 gab|cy |ch Vxm`ni Cho`|c Okhbi~ #VCO. {cnic {oy hy|om`nychl nb=66> oy vo}| ad |ch Cho`|c ]hda}gy, |aae ath} |ch }a`h ad ath}yhhnbk |ch {a}e ad |ch o}ho cho`|c moyhl l}xk obl oìaca` |hogy #LOI\Y." \ch VCO coy hgvcoynyhl|ch bhhl |a {a}e nb iàyh vo}|bh}ycnv {n|c hth}~abh nbta`thl nb |oie`nbk |chnyyxhy o}axbl l}xky obl oìaca` gnyxyh" \ch Okhbi~ ny ix}}hb|`~ lhthàvnbk,iaggnyynabnbk obl }onynbk o{o}hbhyy ad ovv}av}no|h yh}tnihy obl ca{ |a oiihyy|chg"

[co| {h {ob| |a la:

• Lhthàv o ghicobnyg {cnic {n`` hbom`h o` okhbinhy |a }hdh} |chn} i`nhb|y |a

ollni|nab yh}tnihy, |a mh nb|}alxihl m~ =6?<!=6?8"

=9



> Ioyh ò{ ’ Co`` t [obly{a}|c @MI

Y\]O\HKNI AMJHI\NTH < ' \A NGV]ATH YH]TNIHY \A TX@BH]OM@HCAGH@HYY CAXYHCA@LY OBL NBLNTNLXO@YO }obkh ad vo}|nixò}`~ tx`bh}om`h caxyhca`ly o}h o| }nye ad mhiagnbk yaino``~

hsi`xlhl oy o }hyx`| ad |chn} in}ixgy|obihy" Nb hs|}hgh yn|xo|naby |cny iob `hol |a

}axkc y`hhvnbk" N| ny hyyhb|no`, |ch}hda}h, |co| yh}tnihy da} |chyh caxyhca`ly o}h

iab|nbxo``~ }htnh{hl" \ch |h}g tx`bh}om`h ny ba| dx``~ lhbhl nb `hknyò|nab ca{hth}

|ch `hknyò|nab hbtnyokhy |co| tx`bh}omn`n|~ iob o}nyh mhioxyh ad doi|a}y |co| o}h

ba| hsv}hyy`~ v}atnlhl da} nb y|o|x|h" ]hihb| ioyh ò{ oltnyhy |co| ‐|ch |hy| ad

tx`bh}omn`n|~ ny ba| {ch|ch} o vh}yab {ax`l coth k}ho|h} lnix`|~ nb blnbk o cagh

mx| {ch|ch} ch {ax`l mh o| k}ho|h} }nye ad co}g {cn`h cagh`hyy |cob ob a}lnbo}~

vh}yab‗>" N| ny da} |cny }hoyab |co| iabynlh}o|nab ycax`l mh knthb |a ob ovv`niob|„y

nblntnlxo` in}ixgy|obihy" \ch da`à{nbk o}h cnkc`nkc|hl oy ‐|o}kh|hl yh}tnihy‗iaggnyynabhl |a oll}hyy vo}|nixò} bhhly obl nbi`xlh yh}tnihy |a tni|ngy ad

laghy|ni tna`hbih, yhsxo` obl tna`hb| ahblh}y, {aghb ahblh}y, gnk}ob| {a}eh}y,

}x}o` cagh`hyybhyy obl ~axbk vhav`h hotnbk io}h" \chyh yh}tnihy o}h lnyixyyhl nb

ga}h lh|on` mhà{"

Yh}tnihy nb }hyvabyh |a laghy|ni tna`hbih \ch ‐\oie`nbk Tna`hbih o| Cagh‗ y|}o|hk~ {cnic {oy vxm`nychl nb Ai|amh} =668

m~ |ch LCYY$VY ny ob nb|h}okhbi~ ovv}aoic |a |oie`nbk laghy|ni tna`hbih" \ch

x`|ngo|h ong ad |ch y|}o|hk~ ny |a vx| nb vòih o`` v}oi|nio` ghoyx}hy |a{o}ly |ch

h`ngnbo|nab ad laghy|ni tna`hbih obl omxyh" Abh ax|iagh ad |ch ‐\oie`nbk Tna`hbih‗

Y|}o|hk~ {oy |ch nb|}alxi|nab ad |ch GO]OI v}aihyy5 |cny ny o ioyh iabdh}hbinbkgx`|n okhbi~ ovv}aoic hy|om`nychl |a }hyvabl |a laghy|ni tna`hbih" Ob av|nab

{n|cnb GO]OI ny Yobi|xo}~ yichgh av|nab, {cnic ch`vy |a gonb|onb tni|ngy ad

laghy|ni tna`hbih nb |chn} caghy" Abh ad |ch ongy ad |cny Cagh`hyybhyy Y|}o|hk~ ny

|a oyyny| o`` }h`htob| okhbinhy nb oicnhtnbk |co| kao`"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• Iab|nbxh |a v}atnlh yxvva}| da} |ch Laghy|ni Tna`hbih ch`v`nbh yh}tnih"

• Yxvva}| |ch GO]OI v}aihyy |c}axkc |ch v}atnynab ad oiiaggalo|nab obl

oltnih yh}tnihy"#Gx`|n Okhbi~ ]nye Oyyhyyghb| Iabdh}hbih."

• ]a`` ax| ad |ch Yobi|xo}~ Yichgh oy o GO]OI av|nab oi}ayy Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl,|a mh nb vòih m~ =6?9!?<"

• ]htnh{ }hdxkh v}atnynab m~ =6?<!?8"

Yh}tnihy nb }hyvabyh |a yhsxo` obl tna`hb| ahblh}yHs|hbynth }hyho}ic coy i`ho}`~ yca{b |co| y|om`h caxynbk o}}obkhghb|y obl

hhi|nth gabn|a}nbk o}h eh~ |a gnbngnynbk |ch }nyey vayhl m~ yhsxo` obl tna`hb|

ahblh}y" Y|om`h oiiaggalo|nab iab|}nmx|hy ma|c |a |ch yxiihyydx` }hcomn`n|o|nab

ad |ch ahblh} #obl |a gnbngnynbk |ch }nye ad cagh`hyybhyy. obl |a |ch v}a|hi|nab

ad |ch iaggxbn|~ nb {cnic |co| vh}yab `nthy" \ch}h }hgonby o bxgmh} ad lnix`|nhy

=<



doinbk hs'ahblh}y nbi`xlnbk cay|h` }hy|}ni|nab va`ninhy obl |ch bhhl da}nb|hbynth yxvva}|" A}kobnyo|naby yxic oy Hs|h}b obl Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl Oyyaino|nab

da} |ch io}h obl }hyh||`hghb| ad ahblh}y #BNOI]A. coth ngva}|ob| }a`hy nb

{a}enbk ia`òma}o|nth`~ {n|c V}amo|nab Yh}tnihy nb hbyx}nbk |co| ovv}av}no|h

oiiaggalo|nab obl yxvva}| ny otonòm`h |a |cny k}axv"

\ch Yhs Ahblh}y„ Oiiaggalo|nab Y|}o|hk~?6, ca{hth}, cnkc`nkc|y o bxgmh} ad

{hoebhyyhy nb ix}}hb| y~y|hgy `holnbk |a lnix`|nhy nb oiihyynbk ma|c |hgva}o}~

obl vh}gobhb| oiiaggalo|nab" \ch }hiagghblo|naby obl oi|nab vòb

oiiagvob~nbk |cny y|}o|hk~ {n`` oll}hyy |chyh {hoebhyyhy obl nlhb|nd~ |cayh

okhbinhy }hyvabynm`h da} |ch lh`nth}~ ad ya`x|naby"

[co| {h {n`` la:• Yhhe |ch iab|}nmx|nab ad o`` ovv}av}no|h okhbinhy |a |ch v}h obl vay| }h`hoyh

}nye gobokhghb| v}aihyy, |a mh ok}hhl obl nb vòih m~ =6?8!?4"

• Nb|}alxih o ioyh gobokhghb| ovv}aoic da} okhbinhy |a hbom`h |cayh

lhhghl ovv}av}no|h |a goeh |ch |}obyn|nab |a vh}gobhb| oiiaggalo|nab

|oenbk oiiaxb| ad }nye oyyhyyghb| obl gobokhghb|, |a mh nb vòih m~

=6?8!?4"

• Lhthàvnbk ovv}av}no|h oiiaggalo|nab ya`x|naby da} cnkc }nye ahblh}y, |a

mh nb vòih m~ =6?8!?4"

Yh}tnihy nb }hyvabyh |a {aghb ahblh}yNb Ai|amh} =6?6 |ch Lhvo}|ghb| ad Jxy|nih nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl vxm`nychl n|y

y|}o|hk~ da} |ch v}atnynab ad ovv}av}no|h yh}tnihy da} {aghb ahblh}y hb|n|`hl

‐[aghb„y Ahblnbk Mhcotnax} nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl: O Y|}o|hk~ |a Gobokh [aghb

Ahblh}y Obl \cayh Tx`bh}om`h |a Ahblnbk Mhcotnax} =6?6 ’ =6?9‗"

\ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth {n`` oyyny| |ch V}amo|nab Mao}l da} Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl |a

hsognbh |ch yio`h, bo|x}h obl bhhl |a lh|h}gnbh o }hoyabom`h }hyvabyh |a |cny

nyyxh"

\ch V}amo|nab Mao}l da} Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl ny ix}}hb|`~ lhthàvnbk ob

oiiaggalo|nab y|}o|hk~ da} o`` |~vhy ad hs ahblh}y" N| ny |ch}hda}h bhihyyo}~ |co|

o`` okhbinhy obl a}kobnyo|naby oyyny| nb |ch lhthàvghb| ad |cny y|}o|hk~"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• Xblh}|oeh }hyho}ic obl ob obo ~yny ad |ch bhhl da} o mhyvaeh

oiiaggalo|nab doin`n|~ da} {aghb ahblh}y, |a mh iagv`h|hl m~ =6?=!?9"

• Oyyny| |ch VMBN nb |ch ngv`hghb|o|nab ad |chn} Oiiaggalo|nab Y|}o|hk~ da}

hs ahblh}y"

?6 \ch yhs ahblh}y„ oiiaggalo|nab y|}o|hk~ {oy lhthàvhl xblh} |ch oxyvnihy ad Vxm`ni V}a|hi|nab O}}obkhghb|y da} Ba}|ch}bN}hòbl ’ Y|}o|hkni Gobokhghb| Mao}l |a oll}hyy oiihyy |a yxn|om`h obl yxy|onbom`h oiiaggalo|nab da} |cny i`nhb| k}axv"

=8



?? BNCH ]x}o` Oi|nab Vòb =66>!?6'=6?=!?9"

Yh}tnihy nb }hyvabyh |a gnk}ob| {a}eh}y!vh}yaby d}ag om}aol

Kaal }hò|naby

Ab =;|c Jx`~ =6?6 |ch Kath}bghb| vxm`nychl n|y bh{ V}ak}oggh da} Iachynab,

Yco}nbk obl Nb|hk}o|nab #IYN." \ch gonb daixy ad |ch va`ni~ ny |a |oie`h yhi|o}nobnyg,

}oinyg obl co|h i}nghy obl v}aga|h iachynab, yco}nbk obl nb|hk}o|nab da} o``

yhi|naby ad yainh|~"

]oih }hò|naby

\ch ong ad ]oih ]hò|naby Va`ninhy ny |a hbyx}h |co| o`` Mòie obl Gnba}n|~ H|cbni

#MGH. vhav`h nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl iob hbja~ dx`` obl don} oiihyy |a yh}tnihy obl |a

v}aga|h kaal }hò|naby mh|{hhb obl {n|cnb h|cbni k}axvy obl iaggxbn|nhy" ]oih

]hò|naby {a}e iaghy xblh} 8 m}aol |chghy"

• Gonby|}hognbk

• ]oino` co}oyyghb| obl nb|ngnlo|nab

• V}aga|nbk Mòie obl Gnba}n|~ H|cbni yaino` nbi`xynab

• Iaggxbn|~ vo}|ninvo|nab obl lhthàvghb|

• Gnk}ob| {a}eh} nyyxhy

[co| {h {n`` la:

• Nlhb|nd~ |ch yvhini bhhly, nbi`xlnbk |ch caxynbk bhhly ad |ch MGH k}axvy

obl iabynlh} av|naby da} ngv}athghb|y |a hsny|nbk yh}tnihy m~ =6?9!?<"

Yh}tnihy nb }hyvabyh |a }x}o` cagh`hyybhyy \ch cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ ny lhlnio|hl |a hbyx}nbk hqxo n|~ ad yh}tnih v}atnynab

oi}ayy Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl obl oieba{`hlkhy |ch vo}|nixò} v}am`hgy oyyaino|hl

{n|c }x}o` cagh`hyybhyy obl oiihyynbk ma|c |hgva}o}~ obl vh}gobhb|

oiiaggalo|nab" ?? \ch }x}o` oi|nab vòb =66>!?6 ’ =6?=!=6?9 xblh} |ch yhi|nab,

‐yxvva}|nbk nblhvhblhb| `ntnbk‗ yh|y ax| ca{ ngv}athghb|y |a cagh`hyy yh}tnihy

o}h |a mh oicnhthl"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• V}alxih Cagh`hyy Oi|nab Vòby yh||nbk ax| ca{ cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy |a

}x}o` iaggxbn|nhy iob mh ngv}athl, |a mh ngv`hghb|hl d}ag =6?=!?9"

• Ghoyx}h |ch hs|hb| ad }x}o` cagh`hyybhyy nbi`xlnbk |ch bxgmh} ad

caxyhca`ly obl nblntnlxo`y v}hyhb|nbk oy cagh`hyy nb }x}o` àio|naby, |a mh

nbn|no|hl m~ =6?<!?8"

Yh}tnihy nb }hyvabyh |a ~ax|c cagh`hyybhyy \ch VYN ax|c Cagh`hyybhyy Yxm K}axv {oy hy|om`nychl nb =663 obl {oy |oyehl

{n|c, nb|h} o`no, iaa}lnbo|nbk o lh|on`hl }hknabo` obo`~yny ad |ch bo|x}h obl yio`h

ad ~ax|c cagh`hyybhyy" \ch obo`~yny, io}}nhl ax| m~ |ch Iaxbin` da} |ch Cagh`hyy

=4



#BN., daixyhl ab }ax|hy nb|a cagh`hyybhyy, v}hyhb|nbk bhhly obl hsvh}nhbihy nboiihyynbk d}ab| `nbh yh}tnihy obl yxvva}|" Lnyyhgnbo|nab ad |ch y|xl~„y blnbky

}hnbda}ihl |ch bhhl da} ia`òma}o|nth {a}enbk obl o`ya nlhb|nhl {hoebhyyhy nb

|ch v}atnynab ad ovv}av}no|h yxvva}|hl obl gath ab oiiaggalo|nab, nbda}go|nab

ko|ch}nbk y~y|hgy, nb|h}thb|nab v}oi|nihy obl oiihyy |a {a}e, hlxio|nab obl

|}onbnbk"

Nb =6?6, mxn`lnbk xvab ix}}hb| janb| {a}enbk lhthàvghb|y, |ch Y|}o|hkni ]hknabo`

]hdh}hbih K}axv ab ‐Ghh|nbk |ch Oiiaggalo|nab obl Yxvva}| Bhhly ad axbk

Vhav`h Okhl ?4 obl ?; {ca o}h @hotnbk Io}h a} Cagh`hyy‗ {oy da}ghl" \cny k}axv,

{cnic ny ia'icon}hl m~ |ch ]hknabo` Cho`|c obl Yaino` Io}h Mao}l obl |ch Caxynbk

Hshix|nth, iagv}nyhy }hv}hyhb|o|nthy d}ag cho`|c, caxynbk #nbi`xlnbk Yxvva}|nbkVhav`h. obl |ch ta`xb|o}~ yhi|a}" \ch k}axv ongy |a l}nth obl nbda}g nb|hk}o|hl

yh}tnih vòbbnbk |a ghh| |ch oiiaggalo|nab obl yxvva}| bhhly ad |chyh ~axbk

vhav`h obl coy v}alxihl o i`ho} {a}e vòb {cnic nbi`xlhy:

• gabn|a}nbk |ch ngv`hghb|o|nab ad Kaal V}oi|nih Kxnlobih obl oyyaino|hl

àio` v}a|aia`y5

• |ch lhthàvghb| ad yh}tnih galh`y ad oiiaggalo|nab obl yxvva}| {cnic

{n`` oll}hyy iagv`nobih {n|c mhy| v}oi|nih y|oblo}ly obl }hkxò|naby5 obl

• |ch lhthàvghb| ad o iaggab y~y|hg da} nbda}go|nab ko|ch}nbk oi}ayy |ch

Caxynbk Hshix|nth obl Cho`|c $ Yaino` Io}h \}xy|y {cnic ongy |a |}oie bhhly

obl v}atnlh |ch }h`htob| lo|o }hqxn}hl da} dx|x}h vòbbnbk"

[ch}hoy ynkbniob| v}ak}hyy coy i`ho}`~ mhhb golh nb |ch lhthàvghb| ad ob nb|h}'

okhbi~ ovv}aoic |a vòbbnbk, iaggnyynabnbk obl lh`nth}~ ad ovv}av}no|h yh}tnihy

da} |cayh ~axbk vhav`h {ca o}h cagh`hyy a} o| }nye ad cagh`hyybhyy, |ch blnbky

d}ag |ch Iaxbin` da} |ch Cagh`hyy }hyho}ic lhgaby|}o|h |co| gxic ga}h bhhly |a

mh labh |a hbyx}h |co| |ch {nlh} bhhly ad ~axbk vhav`h o}h ga}h hhi|nth`~ gh|"

[co| {h {n`` la:

• ]h`htob| okhbinhy {n`` yh| ax| |chn} iab|}nmx|nab |a |ch lhthàvghb| ad

v}hthb|o|nth v}ak}ogghy |co| ong |a }hlxih cagh`hyybhyy da} |cny i`nhb|k}axv, |a mh xblh}|oehb m~ =6?=!?9"

• ]htnh{ nbthy|ghb| nb ix}}hb| v}hthb|nab v}ak}ogghy obl nbn|no|nthy obl

hbyx}h }hyax}ihy o}h |o}kh|hl o| |cayh ~axbk vhav`h gay| o| }nye obl

lhgaby|}o|h ngv}athl ax|iaghy, |a mh xblh}|oehb m~ =6?<!?8"

• ]htnh{ hsny|nbk janb| {a}enbk o}}obkhghb|y, {n|c vo}|nixò} }hdh}hbih |a |ch

lh`nth}~ ad nbda}go|nab, oyyhyyghb| obl yxvva}| yh}tnihy, |a mh xblh}|oehb

=6?<!?8"

• ]h`htob| okhbinhy {n`` yh| ax| |chn} iab|}nmx|nab |a |ch lhthàvghb| ad o

iab|nbxxg ad yxn|om`h yxvva}|hl oiiaggalo|nab yh}tnihy, {cnic yxvva}|

i`ho} obl hsnm`h vo|c{o~y |a nblhvhblhbih, |a mh xblh}|oehb m~ =6?<!?8"

=;



Ovvhblns ? ' Y\O\NY\NIY

\ch Y|o|x|a}~ Cagh`hyy Y|o|ny|niy =66<!=6??"

\om`hy ad |cayh v}hyhb|nbk obl oiihv|hl oy cagh`hyy m~ caxyhca`l |~vh"

ho} V}hyhb|nbk oy cagh`hyy Oiihv|hl oy y|o|x|a}n ~ cagh`hyy (

O@@ V]HYHB\H]Y $ OIIHV\OBIHY

=66<!68 ?;94= 3<;6 <>(

=664!6; =?6?9 >;<< <4(

=663!6> ?36;4 3>9< <>(

=6?6!?? =6?83 ?6<<9 8=(

YNBK@H ?4'?; ] A@L V]HYHB\H]Y $ OIIHV\OBIHY

=66<!68 866 ?3< 9;(

=664!6; <48 ?<4 9?(

=663!6> 9<4 ?9< 9>(

=6?6!?? <=6 ?48 9>(

YNBK@H ?3'=8 ] A@L V]HYHB\H]Y $ OIIHV\OBIHY

=66<!68 9=?9 3>> =3(

=664!6; 9;63 >8? =4(

=663!6> 993> >36 =>(

=6?6!?? 9>4? ?=;4 9=(

YNBK@H =4'8> ] A@L V]HYHB\H]Y $ OIIHV\OBIHY

=66<!68 8=34 ?3>3 94(

=664!6; 4=?> =?=? 9<(

=663!6> 8<64 =68> 93(

=6?6!?? 4999 =8?9 <6(

O@@ DOGN@^ V]HYHB\H]Y $ OIIHV\OBIHY

=66<!68 489< <6=; 4=(

=664!6; 3=6= 8683 4=(

=663!6> 4>8> <=89 4?(

=6?6!?? ;98? <;>9 48(

H@LH]@^ V]HYHB\H]Y $ OIIHV\OBIHY

=66<!68 ?;>9 ?<4= 3=(

=664!6; =<?> ?<43 4?(

=663!6> ?>=6 ?863 ;>(

=6?6!?? =6>9 ?4>4 3?(

Ovvhblnihy

=3



Cagh`hyybhyy oiihv|obihy m~ }hoyab =66<!68 |a =6?6!??]HOYABY =66<!68 =664!6; =663!6> =6?6!??

Yco}nbk m}hoela{b!dogn`~

m}hoela{b

?,493 =,66< ?,>;4 ?,>>8

Go}n|o`!}h`o|nabycnv

m}hoela{b

>43 >;> >?< >8<

Laghy|ni tna`hbih 4?? 4<8 4>3 3=>

@ayy ad }hb|hl

oiiaggalo|nab

?,6?6 ?,<?> ?,64> ?,=66

Ba oiiaggalo|nab nb BN 8>< 498 843 4?<

Nb|ngnlo|nab <<; 938 =33 94?

Oiiaggalo|nab ba|

}hoyabom`h

?,39; =,988 =,?9< =,4<<

]h`hoyh d}ag cayvn|o`!v}nyab!

a|ch} nby|n|x|nab

?36 ?<> ?3> ==4

Dn}h!aal!a|ch} ;9 8; ??6 ?4>

Ga}|kokh lhdox`| ;; ??< ?=? =66

Magm!}h!intn` xb}hy| 46 => 99 =8

Bhnkcmax}caal co}oyyghb| ;6; 4<? 888 38<

A|ch} =43 99= =;> 9;= \A\O@ 3,<;6 >,;<< 3,>9< ?6,<<9

=>



V}hyhb|h}y $ Oiihv|obihy

6

8666

?6666

?8666

=6666

=8666O`` Oiihv|obihy

O`` V}hyhb|h}y

=6?6'??=663'6>=664'6;=66<'68

?4'?; } A`l V}hyhb|h}y $ Oiihv|obihy

Ynbk`h ?3'=8 } A`l V}hyhb|h}y $ Oiihv|obihy

6

?66

=66

966

<66

866

466 Ynbk`h ?4'?; }A`l Oiihv|obihy

Ynbk`h ?4'?; }A`l V}hyhb|h}y

=6?6'??=663'6>=664'6;=66<'68

6

866

?666

?866

=666

=866

9666

9866

<666

<866 Ynbk`h ?3'=8 }A`l Oiihv|obihy

Ynbk`h ?3'=8 }A`l V}hyhb|h}y

=6?6'??=663'6>=664'6;=66<'68

96



Ynbk`h =4'8> } A`l V}hyhb|h}y $ Oiihv|obihy

Dogn`~ V}hyhb|h}y $ Oiihv|obihy

H`lh}`~ V}hyhb|h}y $ Oiihv|obihy

6

?666

=666

9666

<666

8666

4666

;666 Ynbk`h =4'8> }A`l Oiihv|obihy

Ynbk`h =4'8> }A`l V}hyhb|h}y

=6?6'??=663'6>=664'6;=66<'68

6

?666

=666

9666

<666

8666

4666

;666

3666

>666Dogn`~ Oiihv|obihy

Dogn`~ V}hyhb|h}y

=6?6'??=663'6>=664'6;=66<'68

6

866

?666

?866

=666

=866

9666H`lh}`~ Oiihv|obihy

H`lh}`~ V}hyhb|h}y

=6?6'??=663'6>=664'6;=66<'68

9?



Oiihv|obih ]hoyaby =66<'68

Oiihv|obih ]hoyaby =6?6'??

A|ch}

Bhnkcmax}caalCo}oyyghb|

Magm!Dn}h!Intn` Xb}hy|

Ga}|kokh Lhdox`|

Dn}h!Dàal!A|ch}

]h`hoyh D}agCayvn|o` h|i"

Oiiaggalo|nabBa| }hoyabom`h

Nb|ngnlo|nab

Ba Oiiaggalo|nabNb BN

@ayy Ad ]hb|hlOiiaggalo|nab

Laghy|ni Tna`hbih

Go}n|o`!}hò|nabycnvM}hoela{b

Yco}nbk M}hoela{b!Dogn`~ M}hoela{b

?>(

;(

??(

?=(;(

8(

=9(

=(?(

?(

?=(3(

?(

A|ch}

Bhnkcmax}caalCo}oyyghb|

Magm!Dn}h!Intn` Xb}hy|

Ga}|kokh Lhdox`|

Dn}h!Dàal!A|ch}

]h`hoyh D}agCayvn|o` h|i"

Oiiaggalo|nabBa| }hoyabom`h

Nb|ngnlo|nab

Ba Oiiaggalo|nabNb BN

@ayy Ad ]hb|hlOiiaggalo|nab

Laghy|ni Tna`hbih

Go}n|o`!}hò|nabycnvM}hoela{b

Yco}nbk M}hoela{b!Dogn`~ M}hoela{b

?>(

4(

??(

3(

>(

9(

=4(

=(

=(=(

<(3(

6(

9=



Ovvhblns = ' DNBOBINO@ NBTHY\GHB\

D}ag =669 nb hsihyy ad ©=66g coy mhhb yvhb| nb |ch v}atnynab ad cagh`hyybhyy

|hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab yh}tnihy, olln|nabo` cagh`hyybhyy oyyny|obih da}

ovv`niob|y obl da} yvhini dxblnbk |a |ch Ta`xb|o}~ Yhi|a} |a }hyvabyh |a ax}

cagh`hyybhyy lx|nhy xblh} |ch Caxynbk #Ba}|ch}b N}h`obl. ?>33 A}lh}" \cny ogaxb|

o`ya nbi`xlhy |ch dxblnbk v}atnlhl |c}axkc Yxvva}|nbk Vhav`h d}ag =669 mx| lahy

ba| nbi`xlh |ch ogaxb| ad Caxynbk Mhbh| vonl nb }hyvhi| ad ovv`niob|y {ca yh`d

}hdh} |a |hgva}o}~ oiiaggalo|nab"

Dnbobino` nbthy|ghb| nb cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy #}hthbxh. d}ag =669

\hgva}o}~Oiiag"

V}atnynab

Cagh`hyybhyyYh}tnihy

Ta`xb|o}~Yhi|a}

Dxblnbk

Yxvva}|nbkVhav`h

@hoyhlV}avh}|nhy

\a|o`y

Caxynbk

Mhbh|,

\av Xv obl

Yxvva}|nbk

Vhav`h

iay|y

Dx}bn|x}h

Y|a}okh, \osn,

hsihv|nabo`

cagh`hyybhyy

iay|y

Cagh`hyybhyy

Yh}tnihy

D`ao|nbk

Yxvva}| da}

cagh`hyybhyy

v}ajhi|y $

yichghy

V}nto|h

Yhi|a}

hgh}khbi~

oiiag"

=669!

=66<

?>g 366e ?"?g ' ' =6">g

=66<!

=668

=?"8g 36;e ?"9g 963E ' =9">g

=668!

=664

=<"<g 3>6e ?"4g 8<9E ' =;"<g

=664!

=66;

=<"4g ?"69g ="6g 83;E ' =3"=g

=66;!

=663

=4"4g ?"?g ="=g ?"?g ' 9?g

=663!

=66>

=3"4g ?"6<g ="9g ?"9g ;>6e 9<g

=66>!

=6?6

96"4g 3;6e ="9g ?"9=g 3?8e 98">g

=6?6!

=6??

96";g >=6e ="=g ?"98g >88e 94"?g

99



Ovvhblns 9 ’ @NY\ AD ]HYVABLHB\Y \A \CH CAGH@HYYBHYYY\]O\HK^ IABYX@\O\NAB V]AIHYY"

Ab |ch ?8|c Jxbh =6??, |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth ch`l o cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~

iabyx`|o|nab {a}eycav" \ch }hyvabyhy d}ag |ch {a}eycav {h}h iagvn`hl obl

ia`ò|hl m~ |ch Iaxbin` da} |ch Cagh`hyy ab mhco`d ad |ch Caxynbk Hshix|nth" Ath}

36 vhav`h o||hblhl |ch {a}eycav }hv}hyhb|nbk 9> a}kobnyo|naby" Nb olln|nab |a |ch

ia``hi|nth }hyvabyh {h col olln|nabo` }hyvabyhy d}ag |ch da`à{nbk a}kobnyo|naby:

• O}e Caxynbk Oyyaino|nab

• Mh`doy| Cho`|c~ In|nhy

• Iaxbin` da} |ch Cagh`hyy

• Lhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino` Lhthàvghb|

• Hs|h}b

• \ch Caxynbk Iaxbin`

• Caxynbk ]nkc|y Yh}tnih

• Gx`ca`òbl Od|h}io}h Yh}tnihy

• BNOI]A

• BNITO

• Vo}hb|y Oltnih Ihb|}h

• V}amo|nab Mao}l da} Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl• ]x}o` Iaggxbn|~ Bh|{a}e

• Ych`|h} Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl

• Yngab Iaggxbn|~ Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl

• Yxvva}|nbk Iaggxbn|nhy BN

• [aghb„y Onl

\chyh }hyvabyhy {n` mh golh otonòm`h ab |ch BNCH {hmyn|h"

9<



Ovvhblns < ' CAXYNBK #OGHBLGHB\. OI\ BA]\CH]B N]H@OBL =6?6

Cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~

\ch Caxynbk #Oghblghb|. Oi| #Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl. =6?6

Lx|~ ad Hshix|nth |a da}gxò|h o cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~

4O" #?. \ch Hshix|nth go~ da}gxò|h obl vxm`nyc o cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~"

#=. \ch ]hknabo` Okhbi~ obl |ch ]hknabo` Mao}l yco`` knth yxic oyyny|obih nb

iabbhi|nab {n|c |ch hsh}inyh ad |ch va{h} xblh} vo}ok}ovc #?. oy |ch Hshix|nth

go~ }hoyabom`~ }hqxn}h"

#9. \ch Hshix|nth yco`` hsh}inyh |co| va{h} ya oy |a hbyx}h |co| |ch }y|

cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ ny vxm`nychl {n|cnb |ch vh}nal ad ?= gab|cy mhknbbnbk {n|c

|ch lo~ ab {cnic yhi|nab ? ad |ch Caxynbk #Oghblghb|. Oi| #Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl.

=6?6 iaghy nb|a avh}o|nab"

#<. \ch Hshix|nth yco`` hsh}inyh |co| va{h} ya oy |a hbyx}h |co| o bh{ cagh`hyybhyy

y|}o|hk~ ny vxm`nychl {n|cnb |ch vh}nal ad 8 ~ho}y mhknbbnbk {n|c |ch lo~ ab {cnic

n|y oy| cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ {oy vxm`nychl"

#8. \ch da`à{nbk yco`` |oeh |ch cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ nb|a oiiaxb| nb |ch hsh}inyhad |chn} dxbi|naby:

#o. |ch Hshix|nth5

#m. |ch ]hknabo` Mao}l5

#i. Cho`|c obl Yaino` Io}h \}xy|y5

#l. Hlxio|nab obl @nm}o}~ mao}ly5

#h. }hkny|h}hl caxynbk oyyaino|naby5

#d . lny|}ni| iaxbin`y5

#k. |ch Yhi}h|o}~ ad Y|o|h #nb }hò|nab |a ob~ dxbi|nab hsh}inyom`h nb iabbhi|nab

{n|c v}nyaby nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl.5

#c. |ch V}amo|nab Mao}l da} Ba}|ch}b N}h obl5

#n. |ch Lhvo}|ghb| ad Hlxio|nab5

#j. |ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Hgvà~ghb| obl @ho}bnbk5

#e. |ch Lhvo}|ghb| ad Cho`|c, Yaino` Yh}tnihy obl Vxm`ni Yodh|~5

#`. |ch Lhvo}|ghb| da} Yaino` Lhthàvghb|"

#4. Ba|cnbk nb vo}ok}ovc #8. ohi|y ob~ lx|~ a} }hqxn}hghb| o}nynbk ovo}| d}ag |cny

O}|ni`h"

98



Cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~4M" #?. Da} |ch vx}vayhy ad |cny A}lh} ‐cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~‗ ghoby o y|}o|hk~ da}

#o. v}hthb|nbk cagh`hyybhyy nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl5

#m. yhix}nbk |co| yxinhb| oiiaggalo|nab ny obl {n`` mh otonòm`h da} vhav`h nb

Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl {ca o}h a} go~ mhiagh cagh`hyy5

#i. yhix}nbk |ch yo|nydoi|a}~ v}atnynab ad oltnih obl oyyny|obih da} vhav`h nb

Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl '

#n. {ca o}h a} go~ mhiagh cagh`hyy5 a}

#nn. {ca coth mhhb cagh`hyy obl bhhl oltnih obl oyyny|obih |a v}hthb| |chg

mhiagnbk cagh`hyy okonb"

#=. O cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ go~ nbi`xlh yvhini amjhi|nthy |a mh vx}yxhl, obl

yvhini oi|nab vòbbhl |a mh |oehb, nb |ch iax}yh ad |ch hsh}inyh ad“

#o. |ch dxbi|naby ad |ch Hshix|nth5

#m. |ch dxbi|naby ad |ch ]hknabo` Mao}l5 a}

#i. |ch dxbi|naby ad Cho`|c obl Yaino` Io}h \}xy|y"

#9. O cagh`hyybhyy y|}o|hk~ go~ o`ya nbi`xlh v}atnynab }hò|nbk |a

yvhini oi|nab {cnic |ch Hshix|nth hsvhi|y |a mh |oehb“

#o. m~ ob~ y|o|x|a}~ mal~ {n|c dxbi|naby #ba| mhnbk dxbi|naby ghb|nabhl nb

vo}ok}ovc #=.. {cnic o}h iovom`h ad iab|}nmx|nbk |a |ch oicnhthghb| ad ob~ ad

|ch amjhi|nthy ghb|nabhl nb vo}ok}ovc #?.5 a}#m. m~ ob~ ta`xb|o}~ a}kobnyo|nab a} a|ch} vh}yab {cayh oi|ntn|nhy o}h iovom`h ad

iab|}nmx|nbk |a |ch oicnhthghb| ad ob~ ad |cayh amjhi|nthy"

94



Ovvhblns 8 ?= H\CAY ’\CH HX]AVHOB \^VA@AK^ AD CAGH@HYYBHYYOBL CAXYNBK HSI@XYNAB

Avh}o|nabo` @ntnbk Yn|xo|nab Khbh}ni Lhbn|nab

]AAD@HYYBHYY

? Vhav`h

`ntnbk

}axkc"

Vxm`ni Yvoihy a}

Hs|h}bo` Yvoihy

@ntnbk nb |ch y|}hh|y a}

vxm`ni yvoihy, {n|cax|

o ych`|h} |co| iob

mh lhbhl oy `ntnbk

qxo}|h}y"

= Vhav`h nb Hgh}khbi~Oiiaggalo|nab"

Bnkc| Ych`|h} Vhav`h {n|c ba xyxo`v`oih ad }hynlhbih {ca

goeh xyh ad ath}bnkc|

ych`|h}y, a{ |c}hyca`l

ych`|h}"

CAXYH@HYY

9 Vhav`h nb

oiiaggalo|nab da} |ch

cagh`hyy"

Cagh`hyy Cay|h`

\hgva}o}~

Oiiaggalo|nab

\}obyn|nabo` Yxvva}|hl

Oiiaggalo|nab

[ch}h |ch vh}nal ad y|o~

ny nb|hblhl |a mh yca}|

|h}g"

< Vhav`h nb [aghb„yYch`|h}"

[aghb„y Ych`|h}Oiiaggalo|nab

[aghb oiiaggalo|hllxh |a hsvh}nhbih ad

laghy|ni tna`hbih obl

{ch}h |ch vh}nal ad y|o~

ny nb|hblhl |a mh yca}|

|h}g"

8 Vhav`h nb

oiiaggalo|nab da}

nggnk}ob|y"

\hgva}o}~

oiiaggalo|nab!

]hihv|nab Ihb|}hy

Gnk}ob| {a}eh}y

oiiaggalo|nab

Nggnk}ob|y nb

}hihv|nab a} yca}| |h}g

oiiaggalo|nab lxh |a

|chn} nggnk}o|nab y|o|xy"

4 Vhav`h lxh |a

mh }h`hoyhl d}ag

nby|n|x|naby"

Vhbo` Nby|n|x|naby

Ghlnio` Nby|n|x|naby

Icn`l}hb„y Nby|n|x|naby!

caghy

Ba caxynbk v}na} |a

}h`hoyh" Y|o~ abkh} |cob

bhhlhl lxh |a `oie ad

caxynbk5

Ba caxynbk nlhb|nhl

#?3|c Mn}|clo~."

; Vhav`h }hihntnbk abkh}

|h}g yxvva}| #lxh |a

cagh`hyybhyy.

]hynlhb|no` io}h

da} a`lh} cagh`hyy

vhav`h Yxvva}|hl

Oiiaggalo|nab da}

da}gh}`~ cagh`hyy

vhav`h

@abk Y|o~

oiiaggalo|nab

{n|c io}h da} da}gh}`~

cagh`hyy vhav`h

#ba}go``~ ga}h |cob o

~ho}."

?= DHOB\YO Hx}avhob Dhlh}o|nab ad Bo|nabo` Oyyaino|naby [a}enbk {n|c |ch Cagh`hyy

9;



NBYHIX]H

3 Vhav`h ntnbk

nb nbyhix}h

oiiaggalo|nab"

\hgva}o}n`~ {n|c dogn`~!

d}nhbly5

Ba `hko` #Yxm. |hbobi~5

N``hko` aiixvo|nab ad

òbl"

@ntnbk nb iabthb|nabo`

caxynbk mx| ba| |ch

xyxo` a} vòih ad

}hynlhbih lxh |a oie

ad caxynbk" Aiixvo|nab

ad l{h``nbk {n|c ba

`hko` |hbobi~, n``hko`

aiixvo|nab ad o

l{h``nbk" Aiixvo|nab ad

òbl {n|c ba `hko` }nkc|y"

> Vhav`h ntnbk xblh}

|c}ho| ad htni|nab"

@hko` a}lh}y hbda}ihl

#]hb|hl."

]h'vayyhyynab a}lh}y

#A{bhl."

[ch}h a}lh}y da}

htni|nab o}h avh}o|nth"

[ch}h ga}|kokh coy

`hko` a}lh} |a }h'

vayyhyynab"

?6 Vhav`h ntnbk xblh}

|c}ho| ad tna`hbih"

Va`nih }hia}lhl

nbinlhb|y"

[ch}h va`nih oi|nab ny

|oehb |a hbyx}h vòih

ad yodh|~ da} tni|ngy ad

laghy|ni tna`hbih"

NBOLH_XO\H

?? Vhav`h ntnbk nb|hgva}o}~ a} bab

iabthb|nabo` y|}xi|x}hy"

Gamn`h Caghy5Bab'Iabthb|nabo`

mxn`lnbk \hgva}o}~

Y|}xi|x}hy"

Ba| nb|hblhl oy vòihad }hynlhbih" Goehycnd|

ych`|h}, ycoie a} ycob|~

Yhgn'vh}gobhb|

y|}xi|x}h a} iomnb"

?= Vhav`h ntnbk nb xb|

caxynbk"

Aiixvnhl l{h``nbk xb|

da} comn|o|nab"

Lhbhl oy xb| da}

comn|o|nab m~ bo|nabo`

`hknyò|nab a} mxn`lnbk

}hkxò|naby"

?9 Vhav`h ntnbk nb hs|}hgh

ath}i}a{lnbk"

Cnkchy| bo|nabo` ba}g

ad ath}i}a{lnbk"

Lhbhl oy hsihhlnbk

bo|nabo` lhbyn|~

y|oblo}l da} aa}'yvoiha} xyhom`h }aagy"

BA\H ' Yca}| y|o~ ny lhbhl oy ba}go``~ `hyy |cob abh ~ho}, àbk y|o~ ny lhbhl oy

ga}h |cob abh ~ho}"

\cny lhbn|nab ny iagvo|nm`h {n|c |ch Ihbyxy lhbn|nab oy }hiagghblhl m~ |ch

XBHIH!HX]AY\O\ }hva}| #=664."

93



Ovvhblns 4' GONB OICNHTHGHB\Y YNBIH =66=

\ch =66= Y|}o|hk~ iab|onbhl =8 }hiagghblo|naby lhynkbhl |a ngv}ath

cagh`hyybhyy yh}tnihy nb Ba}|ch}b N}hòbl" \ch da`à{nbk ny o yxggo}~ ad |ch

gonb oicnhthghb|y ynbih |ch v}htnaxy y|}o|hk~"

Oiiaggalo|nab

Ath} ?,666 olln|nabo` xbn|y ad yxvva}|hl oiiaggalo|nab coth mhhb v}atnlhl5

Ob olln|nabo` ;66 xbn|y ad yh`d iab|onbhl v}nto|h yhi|a} oiiaggalo|nab coth

mhhb v}atnlhl5

\ch |o}kh| ad ihoynbk |ch xyh ad mhl obl m}hoedoy| |~vh oiiaggalo|nab hsihv|

nb hgh}khbinhy coy mhhb oicnhthl5

O`gay| ?6,666 xbn|y ad yaino` }hb|hl yhi|a} oiiaggalo|nab coth mhhb v}atnlhl

ynbih =669!6<5

]hb| lhvayn| kxo}ob|hh yichghy coth mhhb nb|}alxihl nb Mh`doy| obl @„Lh}}~5

Ath} <3,666 cagh`hyy caxyhca`ly coth mhhb vh}gobhb|`~ }hcaxyhl nb |ch yaino`

}hb|hl yhi|a} ynbih =669!<"

Oyyhyyghb|

O Gx`|n Lnyinv`nbo}~ Cagh`hyy Yxvva}| \hog coy mhhb lhthàvhl nb Mh`doy|"

]axkc Y`hhvnbk

Mh`doy| obl @ablablh}}~ ]axkc Y`hhvh}y„ Y|}o|hknhy coy mhhb lhthàvhl `holnbk|a:

• Hbcobihl Y|}hh| Ax|}hoic Yh}tnihy

• \ch v}atnynab ad olln|nabo` hgh}khbi~ mhl doin`n|nhy

• \ch v}atnynab ad o ‐[h| Cay|h`‗ doin`n|~ #Mh`doy|.

• Ngv}athl nbey |a cho`|c yh}tnihy"

\o}kh|hl Yh}tnihy

\ch lhthàvghb| ad o yhs ahblh}y„ oiiaggalo|nab y|}o|hk~5

\ch lhthàvghb| ad o v}a|aia` da} lho`nbk {n|c tx`bh}om`h ~axbk vhav`h5

\ch v}atnynab ad o }obkh ad yh}tnihy |a oyyny| tni|ngy ad laghy|ni tna`hbih5

\ch nb|}alxi|nab ad ngv}athl yh}tnihy da} da}hnkb bo|nabo`y"

V}hthb|nab

\ch lhthàvghb| ad àio`nyhl oltnih yh}tnihy da} cagh`hyybhyy v}hyhb|h}y5

\ch v}alxi|nab ad àio`nyhl nbda}go|nab da} }x}o` caxyhca`ly5

\ch v}atnynab ad ab'`nbh caxynbk obl cagh`hyybhyy oltnih doin`n|nhy5

\ch nb|}alxi|nab ad o bh|{a}e ad ao|nbk yxvva}| yh}tnihy5

\ch lhthàvghb| ad o Iaggxbn|~ Yodh|~ Y|}o|hk~ |a |oie`h ob|n yaino` mhcotnax}5

\ch nb|}alxi|nab ad hlxio|nab oltnih yh}tnihy5

\ch v}atnynab ad o caxynbk obl cagh`hyybhyy oltnih yh}tnih nb v}nyaby"

9>



<6



Ov}n` =6?=

{{{"bnch"kat"xe

Homelessness Strategy for Northern Ireland 2012-2017

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Transcript of Homelessness Strategy for Northern Ireland 2012-2017