Holistic Mountain Development Anita Paul IACD Practitioner Dialogue DST- Pune August 2012.
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Transcript of Holistic Mountain Development Anita Paul IACD Practitioner Dialogue DST- Pune August 2012.
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Holistic Mountain Development
Anita Paul
IACD Practitioner Dialogue DST- Pune
August 2012
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The Pan Himalayan Grassroots Development Foundation is a non-profit organization working in the central and western Himalaya since 1992. The primary aim of Grassroots is to initiate peoples action at the grassroots for restoration of ecological security in languishing river basins through holistic mountain development programs, in order to improve the quality of life.
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The loss or lack of title to environmental assets is viewed as a component of poverty, leading to the conclusion thatenvironmental conservation is actually a necessary fundamental to poverty alleviation.
Also implied in the mandate of Grassroots and incorporated in its approach and methodology is promotion of the entrepreneurial spirit - the belief that people can determine their own destiny, establish goals, take risks and invest their time and energy to achieve their aspirations for a better life.
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Based on the vulnerability of communities, Grassroots is focusing on the following thematic areas:
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Over the past 20 years, in partnership with various civil society organisations and the government, the outreach programs of Grassroots has benefitted communities spread over 800 villages in 12 districts in the states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Our Strategy
Grassroots7
Grassroots aims to initiate peoples action at the grassroots for restoration of ecological security in
languishing river basins to improve the quality of
life
Programs•Renewable- energy•Sanitation •Water•Community Forestry•Farming Systems•Livelihoods•Climate Change
Holistic Mountain
Development
Principles•Ecology•Economy•Equity
Strategies•Capacity Building•Empowerment•Cost sharing•Leadership•Partnerships
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Grassroots
Total area of the basin512 km2
Location Map of the Gagas Basin
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Grassroots
Basic Data
• Area 500 square kms• Altitude Between
4,000 feet to 8,000 feet
• Villages 373• Rural Population
100,000• Urban Population
20,000 • Major Gadheras 14• No of Households
23,000• Reserved Forests 20
percent of the basin
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Grassroots
14 major gadheras/streams drain into the river
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Grassroots
373 Villages spread over the Basin
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Grassroots
State of Reserved Forests
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Grassroots
Problems of Water Resources in a Typical Gadhera
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Grassroots
Support Area for Sustainable Farming
• Typically, we need 7 hectares of forest areas to support 1 hectare of farming
• In most river basins, like Gagas, the ratio is 1:1
• Which has led to food insecurity and impoverishment
• And, migration to urban sweatshops
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Grassroots
Forests & Water
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Grassroots
Women are playing a key role to renew the hydrology in the river
basin
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Grassroots
Kumaon Artisans Guild
Grassroots experiences of promoting MDGs has led to the consolidation of artisans guilds which comprises of local youth trained as barefoot engineers in order to spread the benefits of appropriate technologies in cross cutting sectors like drinking water, environmental sanitation, renewable energy and rain water harvesting – with the idea of improving the quality of life for mountain communities here and now.
These guilds have also led to the creation of significant sustainable employment opportunities. On an average, a skilled artisan would earn Rs. 75,000 per annum.
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Grassroots
Infiltration Wells in the Himalaya!
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Grassroots
Appropriate Technology for Community Managed Drinking Water Systems
• 40 % of traditional water sources have dried-up
• Spread to 350 villages, 54 blocks, 11 districts of Uttarakhand & Himachal Pradesh
• Providing 2.4 million litres of safe drinking water to 17,600 households with close to 100,000 people
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Grassroots
Sanitation
• 4,000 households• In Dusad, 100%
households have installed sanitation units
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Grassroots
Rainwater Harvesting
Roof runoff rainwater harvesting tanks supplement availability of domestic water – demonstrations in schools have led to 500
households adopting this AT application
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Grassroots
Renewable Energy
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Grassroots
Biogas Units• Biogas units provide
four hours of clean cooking gas daily
• Reduces the drudgery of head loading firewood
• Reduces biotic pressure
• Reduces health hazard of smoky open fires
• Also ‘burns’ methane – one of the four obnoxious gases leading to global warming
• 2,400 households have now access to clean energy for cooking through Bio-gas units
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Consolidated Biogas & IW details from 1993-94 to 2011-12
S No State District Block Villages IWs Biogas
1 Uttarakhand Almora 11 276 290 582
Bageshwar 2 70 46 131
Champawat 2 3 6 -
Nainital 7 111 43 469
Pithoragarh 4 40 7 72
Tehri 8 39 42 16
Chamoli 5 13 18 23
Pauri 10 20 20 17
Rudraprayag 2 16 25 -
Dehradun 2 40 - 194
Sub-Total 10 53 628 497 1,504
2 Himachal Pradesh Sirmaur 6 124 29 895
Shimla 1 1 1 -
Solan 1 11 8 26
Sub-Total 3 8 136 38 921
Total
13 61 764 535 2,425
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Grassroots
Catchment Area Treatment
• As of now 9,50,000 saplings raised and planted-out in protected village commons
• Output of grasses have increased
• Equity & governance25
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Grassroots
Village Nurseries raise Appropriate Rootstock of Native
Species
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Grassroots
Planting Trees…
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Grassroots
Revival of a Tradition
• Khals assisted the process of recharging the ground water till the alienation of communities from forests
• Currently, communities are in dialogue with the government to revive this tradition, especially in the reserved forest areas
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Grassroots
Degraded commons – 10 years later with fresh vegetal cover
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Grassroots
Community Owned Enterprises
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It is realised that human development is about much more than rise or fall of national incomes.
It is about quality of life, the level of human well-being and the access to basic social services.
The pressures on environmental and natural resources and the repercussions of their degradation on low income livelihoods have become a source of increasing concern.
Innovative micro-enterprises are necessary in order to address
this situation. 31Grassroots
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Livelihoods & Microenterprises
• To secure and consolidate a fresh balance in the quality of their lives, SHGs have been involved with creating a platform for establishment of pro poor business ventures with farming families as the primary stakeholders federated in the form of a Producers Company – Community Owned Social Enterprise.
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UMANG – Producers Company
• Network of 1,500 women • Formed into 200 SHGs• In 100 villages• Savings of Rs. 50 lakhs plus• Supplementing incomes through various verticals, viz., fruit preserves/pickles unit, hand-knitted items, safe foods, backyard poultry, etcetera.
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Grassroots
Off-Farm Livelihoods
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Grassroots
Consolidating Organic Farming Systems
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Grassroots
Linking Markets for Traditional Crops
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Value Added Crops
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Grassroots
Free Range Poultry
• Over 500 households with an average of 10 chicks of kroiler birds (350 grams + vaccinated)
• Average earning per year = Rs. 5,000• Plus the benefit of eggs at home• This business of Rs. 25 lacs per annum could be
expanded 100 times, but we would need to organize marketing
ConstraintsSetting up ‘mother farms’ Distribution of chicks
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UMANG - Members Income Chart
Note: Income chart is combination of different verticals
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UMANG – Sale Comparison Chart
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Grassroots
Capacity Building – Grassroots Institutions!
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Grassroots
Grassroots Interface
We would continue to act as an interface
between communities and
other stake holders for promoting
sustainable mountain
development42
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Grassroots
Thank You for your Time!
Pan Himalayan Grassroots Development FoundationPost Bag # 3, Ranikhet 263 645, Almora District, Uttarakhand, India