Holbeck Urban Design Strategy & Building Proposal

Holbeck Urban Design Strategy & Building Proposal

Urban Studio Presented by Jenine Ragab

>>>

Revitalising Holbeck.....

Contents Introduction Context Statistics History Site Analysis Strategic Vision Masterplan Construction Centre Building Sustainability Appendix

000

001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011

Introduction

001

REGENERATION>>> HOLBECK

This document summarizes a set of design principles, proposed for the regeneration of Holbeck, a district 15 minutes from Leeds City Centre. The masterplan takes inspiration from and makes reference to its surroundings, seeking to transform Holbeck, physically, socially, economically and environmentally into a sustainable and viable community. While the world changes at an ever more rapid pace, the people within it need something familiar to hang on to if they are to accept new place making on a large scale. They want to be able to recognise it and feel a degree of ownership, just as they did a century ago, prior to its deterioration and neglect. With it once being the industrial powerhouse to the city of Leeds, the time has come for Holbeck to reclaim its status; providing the community with the knowledge they need for a more positive and sustainable lifestyle. The community of Holbeck needs an educational facility with a difference, where people who feel isolated can belong and those that need the support to better themselves can find that helping hand. The college will focus primarily on teaching construction and technology skills- providing a hands on experience rather than the common monotonous blackboard approach, which often lacks the inspiration and creativity that is needed to stimulate the mind. With the proposal of a new residential development to be sited adjacent to the college, it will be here that the newly acquired skills of the community are put into practice- first learning and then applying their skills in the construction of these new flexible dwellings. The college will constantly draw inspiration from the belief that..... If you tell me I'll forget, If you show me I may remember, but If you involve me I'll understand. The college itself will be a new model with the idea that it belongs to all the people of Holbeck, not matter what their background. The college will become a hub, bringing people together...... Jenine Ragab

REGENERATION>>> HOLBECK

Holbeck was chosen as the focus of our studio based design work due to its economic downturn in recent years and the current regeneration in Leeds that has split Holbeck into two very distinct areas, Holbeck Urban Village, and ‘Old’ Holbeck. Holbeck Urban Village thrives with new creative businesses, apartments, retail and restaurants, whilst ‘Old’ Holbeck struggles with a lack of work, run down, vacant, derelict buildings and has a real need for a regeneration plan of its own. Whilst some residents feel that crime and anti social behaviour has began to dampen the community spirit, many believe the strong community base is still there and are working together with Leeds City Council to design and implement a strategy to get the area back on its feet. It is with this strong community foundation forefront in my mind on which the proposed Urban Strategy and Building design began to develop. It was clear that to return Holbeck to its strong, successful and established routes the strategy was to focus first of all on creating a place that residents took pride in and to provide them with spaces and facilities that they could take ownership of. To put Holbeck back into the hands of the community. The vision is that by implementing community strategies to improve relationships, encourage interaction, provide education and offer the services that Holbeck currently requires, the end product will be a healthier environment. A healthier, sustainable, green, dense, safe and friendly environment then has a huge impact on the health of the people that live there, physically and mentally, and from this, the proposition of a Construction College and Community Centre was derived, to support this change and to ensure its longevity. The contents of this book explain the processes, facts and figures that influenced the final scheme. It is an extended version of the studio portfolio, and highlights key elements of the design process, from the statistics that made clear what Holbeck needs, to the detailed strategies that will make it happen. In order to ensure that all aspects of the overall strategy are discussed and incorporated into the final design, each page maintains a relationship with one of four aspects to..... IDENTIFY DEFINE SUPPOSE PROPOSE.

Context

002

British Isles- Leeds in Context

Easel-Harehills/ Gipton/Seacroft

Aire Valley

Beeston Hill

Holbeck South Leeds

Wets Leeds Gateway

Leeds City Centre & Rim of disconnection

Leeds in a European Context

IN CONTEXT>>> IDENTIFY

>>>THE RIM

LOCATION WITHIN LEEDS

CITY CENTRE

LITTLE LONDON

LEEDS UNIVERSITY

WOODHOUSE MOOR

HOLBECK

SHEEPSCAR

HAREHILLS

POTTERNEWTON

HOLBECK MOOR

BEESTON

BURLEY

KIRKSTALL

WORTLEY

HUNSLET

RICHMOND HILL


Massive inequalities persist in our cities. Competition for space pushes up prices for housing, making access for lower income households much harder. Social housing supply is

too low. The Barker Report, released in 2004, estimated that an extra £1.2bn would be

required each year to subsidise 17,000 additional social housing units!

The Government's Barker Report focuses on getting more houses built in Britain. The report's proposals for how to do this blatantly ignore the environment, sustainable development and the idea that people should have a proper stake in decisions about their area. The Barker Report has recommended a new and complex way of

boosting housing levels based on the demands of the housing market. The report's simplistic solution to a complex problem is to increase the amount of housing provided in the hope that this will stabilise or bring down the price of housing. Growing housing demand is a big challenge. How can we build

compact, well-designed, sustainable neighbourhoods which make best use of Brownfield sites, are well served by public transport, hospitals, schools and other amenities, and do not weaken existing urban areas? Opportunities to create sustainable, environmentally

friendly communities are being missed because transport provision and funding is still too dislocated from the overall planning process.

I D E N T I F Y

D E F I N E

S U P P O S E

P R O P O S E

During the last decade Leeds City Centre has seen a

renaissance - the skyline has dramatically changed. However,

in stark contrast, the 'Rim' around the centre

of Leeds has looked on, stagnant. Is this fair? At one time, Holbeck was the industrial powerhouse of

the city evidenced by the legacy of Matthew Murray in

the area.

Over the recent years, the town has suffered serious

decline. The area suffers from some of the most severe

deprivation in the City and also features on some of

the worst indicators according to the Government’s Index of

Deprivation released in 2004.

Holbeck has been vacated in preparation for the

regeneration of the area and in turn the district has

in large parts suffered from a population exodus. In addition to this, the industry has largely left

due to economic restructuring and the area is now

the focus of regeneration interest.

THE CHALLENGES>>> DEFINE

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS>>> IDENTIFY

THE REALITY>>> IDENTIFY

A key aspect of my regeneration proposal for Holbeck, after genuine community

engagement, is enhancing social inclusion thus enabling disadvantaged people to

connect with employment opportunities, key local services, social networks and goods,

through improved accessibility, availability of housing, amenities and services,

affordability and acceptability.

It is important to take any feedback, whether positive or negative, as a sign of recognition and opportunity for development. In order to gain a better understanding of the current situation within the Holbeck area, I carried out a public consultation, asking the local residents what exactly do they think about where they live?

LISTEN

INVOLVEMENT

WE WANT TO BE HEARD!

INTEGRATION

COMMUNITY

ENCOURAGE OUR YOUNGER GENERATION

LINK TO THE CITY

SAFETY TRANSPORT

ENGAGE

FACILITIES WE WANT A

BETTER LIFESTYLE

A PLACE

TO MEET

BE PROUD OF IMAGE

PRIDE

OUR

FUTURE HOUSING

REPLENISH

REVITALISE

WELL BEING GREEN SPACE

A REALISTIC STRATEGY>>> DEFINE

A visual representation of how connection can create a stronger unity within Holbeck

MAKING A CONNECTION>>> DEFINE

ANALYSING THE SITUATION>>> DEFINE What the community needs...

Statistics

003 Holbeck Vs Leeds

PRODUCED BY THE BUSINESS TRANFORMATION TEAM, LEEDS CITY COUNCIL

Legend

Beeston & Holbeck Ward

Indices of Deprivation 2010 IMD National Ranking

Since 2007 the Beeston &

Holbeck Ward has moved into

the 10% most deprived areas to

live Nationally. The ward continues to experience high levels of deprivation, with half of its SOAs (super output areas) in the

worst 20% nationally in the IMD,

the Health Deprivation and Disability domains. Almost two-thirds of the area

fall into the worst 20% for

Education, Skills & Training and Crime& Disorder, with an

alarming 86% in the worst 20% for Living Environment

Deprivation. In this day an age there is no reason for any community to suffer in such a way. By observing these initial statistics it is already evidential that Holbeck is in dire need.

Lowest 10% 10-20% 20-30% 30-40% 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-100%

THE STARK REALITY>>> IDENTIFY

THE REALITY OF IT ALL>>> IDENTIFY Percentage of workless households in Yorkshire and the Humber, Jan-Dec 2010, Source: ONS

The economic climate has had devastating affect on the country as a whole, with Yorkshire and the Humber seeing the distress. With job opportunities, as well as support for those seeking work at a minimum, workless households are inevitable. Fortunately Leeds falls in

the top three areas of employment, however there still remains 54,000 people out of

work- almost 20% of the entire cities population. A year on and time has not been a healer

with UK unemployment total rising to an alarming 2.51 million.

27.9 → 31.9 23.9 → 27.8 19.9 → 23.8 15.9 → 19.8 11.9 → 15.8 7.9 → 11.8

% workless households

The true detriment of unemployment often goes unnoticed. Beyond the loss of a financial income, lifestyle, health and well being begin to suffer. By enriching the community of Holbeck, an area which as we have seen suffers severely with deprivation, we will not only see a radical change in the appearance of the area, but a complete transformation in the way in which people live and the positive affect this has on their lifestyle.

THE CHALLENGES>>> DEFINE

2009 23193 10734 2010 23337 10786 2011 23482 10838

2012 23627 10890 2013 23771 10942

Much of the housing developed from the late 19th century was to serve the industrial areas of South Leeds and includes a concentration of older through-terrace and back-to-backs, mostly privately owned or rented to private tenants. There are also significant numbers of council or housing association owned terrace properties and large areas of purpose built council housing. In order to anticipate what the future may hold I determined the percentage increase each year, of both the areas population and number of households, taking an average of these percentages which spanned from

2001-2008 and so projecting these figures for a further 5

years by 0.62% & 0.48% respectively. Assuming that an

increase in population remains constant, then by 2013, the population for this

area of Leeds will reach 23,771, to only 10,942 homes. As is

visible, there is a lack of housing in relation to the number of people. The proposed clearance of unsustainable and low demand properties, refurbishment of existing properties and construction of new housing will greatly improve the quality of housing, help meet future housing needs and bring uplift to an area currently with high levels of deprivation.

2001 →21,007 PEOPLE

2008 →23,050 PEOPLE

2001 → 10,136 HOUSEHOLDS

2008 → 10.683 HOUSEHOLDS

Number of households in relation to the population of the Beeston & Holbeck Ward-Source ONS

YEAR POPUALTION NO. OF HOUSEHOLDS

Estimated projection figures

Holbeck Vs Leeds

HOME SWEET HOME>>> IDENTIFY

The most significant different between the comparison of Holbeck with Leeds as a whole was found when looking at Housing Tenure. In Holbeck the majority of housing is Local Authority owned, with only 10% being owned outright. In Leeds as whole the statistics are drastically different. With the majority of houses being owned with a mortgage, and 24% being owned outright. Holbeck is in the lowest 10% of the indices of multiple deprivation, and with many residents being out of work due to health issues and a lack of employment in the area, it is not surprising that they have to rely on the Local Authority for help with housing. These statistics show how Holbeck has been cut off from Leeds, not only geographically and through the lack of development, but on an economic scale too.

Holbeck Vs Leeds

HOME SWEET HOME>>> IDENTIFY

The statistics regarding the incapacity benefit claimants in Holbeck are interesting as the amount of claimants, especially in the working age bracket, is

very high. 53.3% of the

claimants are of the age

25 - 49, which could be

due to a lack of education and the social problems that come with it. The biggest medical reason for claiming is mental and behavioural illnesses which includes illnesses such as depression and anxiety which are often caused by a persons environment and their day to day life, such as the stress associated with being jobless and struggling with money, which the economic statistics show is a problem for many residents in holbeck.

‘BENEFITS’>>> IDENTIFY

Holbeck Vs Leeds

Holbeck Vs Leeds

‘BENEFITS’>>> IDENTIFY

The most striking statistic shown here are the figures for the general population health within Holbeck. Almost half of the residents are considered to be in ill

health, with 26% of those

having a lifelong limiting illness. These figures show that there is an underlying cause behind the health issues in holbeck and it needs to be addressed by making a healthier all round environment for the residents. The other upsetting figures are those regarding child health. Holbeck has almost double the amount of child deaths as Leeds, and a higher rate of children underweight at birth. The reason for low birth weight is usually due to the mother smoking or having a bad diet during pregnancy which starves the child of the essential nutrients etc that it needs. This may be due to unhealthy habits that the mother could not stop or it could be due to a lack of education about what can harm the child.

HEALTH>>> IDENTIFY

Holbeck Vs Leeds

Holbeck Vs Leeds

HEALTH>>> IDENTIFY

A representation of the health of the populations of six areas from within Leeds. The data shown, is from a self diagnosis survey, often resulting in a broader range of responses compared to those carried out within the medical profession.

Holbeck Otley

Chapeltown Burley

Garforth Middleton

=50 people

=Good Health =Fair Health =Poor Health

HEALTH>>> IDENTIFY

Holbeck Otley

Chapeltown Burley

Garforth Middleton

=50 people

=Without Lifelong Limiting Illness =With Lifelong Limiting Illness

HEALTH>>> IDENTIFY

Age Structure This is to show the structure of the population according to age. The age structure has not really shown a relationship to the health of an area. The only relationship in this sense is that Burley, where a large amount of the population are of working age, there are less people with limiting illnesses. However, when the figures are looked at closer the majority are aged between 20-24. This could be due to the large amount of students in the area.

Holbeck Otley Chapeltown Burley Garforth Middleton HEALTH>>> IDENTIFY

Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours These set of graphs explores how the health of those living within these areas can be affected by their lifestyle. As is visible from the results, Holbeck residents are consistently falling the wrong side of the average for Leeds. It also shows that the lifestyle of those living in Middleton is not as healthy as it should be.

HEALTH>>> IDENTIFY

EDUCATING THE PEOPLE >>> IDENTIFY

Holbeck Otley Chapeltown Burley Garforth Middleton

Absence

No Qualifications

Ages 16-74

EDUCATING THE PEOPLE >>> IDENTIFY

Holbeck Otley Chapeltown Burley Garforth Middleton

History

004

Holbeck-An artists impression>>>

“Cradle of the Industrial Revolution” “Like its heritage, it is a key proposal and ambition to make the town of Holbeck a memorable place as a whole; a part of Leeds that the community is proud of and that puts it on the map....” DEFINE>>> HERITAGE

This artists impression of Holbeck in the 1880's shows just how important this place was during the industrial revolution in Leeds. This has changed dramatically over the past years.

The area may be becoming more ‘upmarket’ with new business's, cafes, and bars opening, but you don't need to scratch far under the surface to see evidence of the thriving Industrial history that once was........

HERITAGE>>> DEFINE

Leeds from Beeston Hall - illustrated in the London News, Sept 11, 1858 Beeston Hall is south of Leeds so this image is looking to the north across Holbeck to Leeds.

Print collection of Maggie Land Blanck

Like its heritage, it is a key

proposal and ambition to make the town of Holbeck a memorable place as a whole; a part of Leeds that the community is proud of and that puts it on the map.

“

”

LEGACY>>> IDENTIFY

However, from the late 1800’s, Holbeck’s world importance in manufacturing and engineering steadily declined leaving

behind landmark buildings that today form an

impressive monument to a bygone age. There are 33 listed buildings in the area, including one Grade I, and two Grade II* buildings, and now there is the

opportunity to revitalise this rich history and put

Holbeck back on the map............

Holbeck in the 18th and

19th centuries was the

cradle of the industrial revolution in Leeds,

home to trend-setting entrepreneurs ahead of the curve who bequeathed a legacy of fascinating buildings and legends. During this time Holbeck’s foundries and mills manufactured machinery, steam engines, cloth and equipment for companies across the world. The area was home to three of the greatest innovators of the time: Colonel Thomas Harding, John Marshall and Mathew Murray. These men left behind a rich architectural legacy, including Italianate towers and an Egyptian temple, alongside mills, foundries and some of

the greatest feats of engineering

still dominating the city’s skyline.

1815>>> IDENTIFY

Village name from ‘Hol Beck’ (Hol is

archaic word for low). The Beck is a natural watercourse that drains via a culvert into the River Aire.

Holbeck has medieval origins but

none of these buildings remain in the conservation area.

Holbeck was originally known for its

Spa Water, resembling that of Harrogate and Bath. The supply diminished when numerous wells were sunk to supply the mills.

Water lane is one of the oldest

highways in Leeds linking Holbeck directly into the City Centre.

Map shows the navigation of the River Aire

with a Ford and Wear to assist in relieving the flooding problem.

Rapid expansion due to the rise of steam power

led to Marshall Mills being built in 1792.

Holbeck Lodge (Steam Hall) built in 1804, was the

first house in the area to be centrally heated.

The Round Foundry (Textile Mill) built in 1802 was

also used to build steam engines utilising the nearby Hol Beck.

1854>>> IDENTIFY

Train Stations were built, including

Holbeck Junction.

Holbeck begins to expand south towards

Holbeck Moor.

More mills are built, strategically

positioned near the Beck and River Aire.

In 1834 Holbeck was crowned most

filthy/unhealthy village in the country.

Railway line begins to divide growing

Holbeck into Industrial & Residential areas.

Marshalls Street is built by the mills to improve their

transport.

Victoria Road is built as a connector to Neville

Street, the principle arterial route into the city centre.

There are clear connectors into the city, including

pedestrian access.

Temple Works was built in 1840 inspired by an

Egyptian temple. It was an extension of Marshalls Mills and was the largest single room in the world at that time.

The Hol Beck was canalised with setted floor and

stone in the 1840’s.

1932>>> IDENTIFY

New Station was built in 1869

which also altered the River Aire as the existing weir was removed and a new one was built under the station.

Victoria Bridge becomes a

pinch point for the dirtiest river in Europe.

Holbeck Viaduct was

completed in 1882 (thought to be one of the engineering marvels of the Victorian Age) and Holbeck High & Low Stations have been built.

Tower Works was built in 1919.

Holbeck’s back to back

houses had been built predominately next to Holbeck Moor with the school and church in the centre.

Similar to when the railway lines were built, the viaduct has

had the same effect separating the Industrial and Residential area.

More factories and mills are built closer to the city centre next

to the River Aire. The repositioning of the River Aire was to aid the servicing of Sovereign Street.

The lack of connection to the City centre is becoming more

apparent.

Mill Green Goit (a 50 yard tunnel that carried a watercourse

from the beck) was built to power the nearby corn mill.

The Holbeck Brook had been culverted by this point

2010>>> IDENTIFY

In 1967 Leeds City Station was built

following which the Central Station was demolished.

A part of the Hol Beck is buried and built

over in the 1970’s follow by another part in the 1980’s and now the only visible part of it is along Water lane.

The M621 and A643 were built in the 1970’s

providing links to the M1, however this has cut off a large area of green space and has isolated Holbeck.

The A642 is now used as a shortcut to the M1, making

it difficult for the resident of Holbeck to cross to Holbeck Moor.

The historic Marshall’s Mill was redeveloped in the

late 1990s and is now used as office space.

Holbeck Urban Village development commenced in

2004. The residents of Holbeck feel it is too commercialised and is not thought to be part of Holbeck.

Tower Works regeneration project as a sustainable

mixed use development has started.

Site Analysis

005

Site analysis for Holbeck and the adjoining area of Beeston focuses upon vehicular movement, Green spaces and vegetation and topography. Understanding how people and vehicles use the area is essential to understand where diversions and improvements can be made. Also thoughts must go into the noise and air pollution that is associated with heavy traffic and how to protect people and buildings from this. Analysing the green spaces and vegetation means ensuring that developments don’t damage these areas and take away greenery that is essential within a high density area. Analysing the amount of use these areas get and the quality of the spaces means that areas can be improved or left alone where necessary. The topography of a site effects factors such as access to light, views, wind protection and access. Utilising the topography can reduce the impact and cost of a building as elements such as artificial lighting and bracing to protect from the wind can be reduced or removed from the design. Access to good light is essential for landscaped and built areas and so ensuring the proposal doesn’t have a detrimental effect on light to existing buildings and public spaces is essential. The overall Urban Identity, allows us to identify the building typography of the area. This elucidates Holbecks existing architectural language, from which provisions can be made to improve how the area can be best utilised.

Heavy Vehicle use Medium Vehicle use

Light Vehicle use Pedestrian Only

Current movement around and through the site is mainly heavy traffic due to the m621 and a643. Many drivers also use the roads in Holbeck as a shortcut to these major roads. Pedestrian only routes are short and either intersected by these major roads or run alongside them, creating routes that are unsafe or heavily polluted meaning they aren’t enjoyable for the users.

MOVEMENT>>> IDENTIFY

Holbeck currently has a range of green spaces, the main green space being that of Holbeck Moor. The other Green Spaces line the Viaduct and edges of the motorway. Green spaces around the motorway are currently inaccessible and heavily polluted by the traffic cutting through them. Around the Viaduct the greenery runs along pedestrian routes but needs improvements due to littering and overgrown areas.

HOW GREEN?>>> IDENTIFY

Lowest point to the North - 28m

Highest point to the South - 80m

Topography - clearly shown on the topography map, there is a significant change of levels across the site from the north to the south in beeston. Across the centre of Holbeck, the levels climb around 2 to 6 metres in height. When developing the proposal these level changes are key and proposed routes and buildings must account for them to ensure all spaces are accessible for all modes of travel and abilities of the users.

TOPOGRAPHY>>> IDENTIFY

TRANSPORT LINKS>>> IDENTIFY

PEDESTRIAN CITY LINKS>>> IDENTIFY

WATERWAYS>>> IDENTIFY

FLOODING>>> IDENTIFY

LAND USE>>> IDENTIFY

Buildings of Heritage Industrial Poor State/Derelict

Industrial-In Use

Housing-mixed development-good condition

Public buildings

Proposed demolition sites

Back to Back Housing Stock Restoration Required: -Low priority -Medium priority -High priority

Urban Identity Key

LAND USE>>> IDENTIFY

OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES>>> IDENTIFY

Opportunities >>>

Challenges >>>

OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES>>> IDENTIFY

IN CONCLUSION>>> ANALYSIS

From my analysis, I have discovered many good and bad aspects of Holbeck. The

regeneration of the area is challenged by various physical and other constraints. A

complex network of railway structure, including the abandoned viaduct, the M621 and the

A643, have disconnected Holbeck from the city centre and prevented it from developing

into a thriving mixed use community.

As a result, the area has become severely deprived and has lost the sense of community it

once had. History has shown that Holbeck was once a vibrant busy working place with

innovative technology for its time. Now Holbeck is a rundown, unsafe, poor residential

area. The centre of Holbeck was previously much further north than it is today and the

building of the viaduct has created not only a physical barrier but also a mental barrier.

Now the majority of the industrial premises are North of the viaduct and the majority of the

residential is to the South. There is no cohesion between the two.

Despite the surprising amount of green space in the area, almost all of it is isolated and

under used and even the main green space (Holbeck Moor) is deserted and extremely

difficult and dangerous to get to. However, with minimal effort, these green spaces

together with a revitalised viaduct, could link simultaneously, creating an almost

unobstructed pedestrian green link to the city; breaking down people’s perceptions of

Holbeck being far away from the city because really it is a stones throw away.

The back to back housing which the council are now starting to pull down are part of

Holbeck’s history. They are in there own way an old fashioned sustainable house type and

although thought to be a challenge and hindrance, should really be seen as a great

opportunity. It is vital that such aspects of Holbeck are embraced and that the strong

sense of community which underlies this neglected place is brought back to the forefront

of this once indestructible neighbourhood.

The overall strategy for the town of Holbeck, will in turn address these issues; a response

and solution to the findings, as well as the need s of the local people.

With this in mind, it is apparent that there is not merely one solution to mending this

broken community. In-depth research and analysis, illustrates that the area is extremely

deprived, and with this comes a lack of work skills and qualifications, an unbalanced

lifestyle, as well as poor social skills, health and available facilities.

It is here that I propose a development that encompasses all that the people of Holbeck

need; creating a place that is by the people, for the people. Holbeck Construction College

and Community Centre will become the heart of the community; providing people with the

tools that they need to not only rebuild there lives, but also to rebuild there beloved

community.

"Transform" Hoardings, Water Lane, Leeds next to Tower Works in the Holbeck Urban Village Picture taken 1-03-11 By Jenine Ragab

“Human beings are certainly not

normative, for we celebrate our

INDIVIDUALITY. We each perceive

our environment quite differently and we have decidedly different interests. As such we, as architects, are charged with creating appropriate environments; promoting

DIVERSITY. It follows that buildings

cannot be prescriptive and that we should pursue strategies that allow the individual to

ADAPT and PERSONALISE their

immediate environment to suit their own requirements.”

Behnisch Architekten

Strategic Vision

006

•The ‘Core’ → Key amenities: school, library, supermarket

•New Development → Housing link

to ‘core’ & HUV, Sports

‘hub’ → sports centre, health

zone

•Commercial & Retail

•New ‘Riverside Plaza’ → Luxury

apartments & amenities

INITIAL STRATEGY>>> SUPPOSE

•Restoration •Demolition

•Redevelopment

•Green Space

•Existing new riverside

apartments

•Holbeck Urban Village

& historical landmarks

HOLBECK MOOR

M621

A643

RIVER AIRE

L & L CANAL

BROWN LANE

HOLBECK MOOR ROAD

TOP MOOR

SIDE

>>>THE ‘TRAFFIC LIGHT’ SCHEME

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

PHASE 1

Maintaining access.... Utilising the natural beauty...

Linking the City....

A643

M621

RIVER AIRE

L &L CANAL

HOLBECK VIADUCT

>>>THE MAIN ‘COMPONENTS’


>>>THE BIGGER PICTURE...

With the motorway being such a apparent division between ‘North’ and ‘South’ Holbeck, it is important to consider a more radical way in which the distinct areas could be united...

Viaduct leading to Beeston & South Holbeck → utilising the structure as a ‘floating footpath’ Possibility of linking the residential area-back to back housing, to the south of the motorway-landscaping the area & ‘diverting’ the road below ground level. #

LIVE TO 100?>>> IDENTIFY

The Department for Work and Pensions has released a report detailing life expectancy in 2011

and comparing the generations at 20, 50 and 80 years old. The data sees 20-year-olds three times

more likely to reach 100 than their grandparents, and twice as likely as their parents.

Experts call for radical rethink of pensions and work-life balance to tackle problems of increased life expectancy. In consensus with this is the need to rethink the way of living in a society which is forecast to subsist beyond current means. It is proposed that a more flexible, life-time way of living be the way forward......

HAPPY 100TH BIRTHDAY

“The dramatic speed at which life expectancy is changing means that we

need to radically rethink our perceptions about our later lives … We simply can't look to our grandparents' experience of retirement as a

model for our own.

We will live longer and we will have to save more.”

Pensions Minister Steve Webb

1 in 4

16 year

olds predicted to reach

100

The most commonly used measure of life expectancy is period life expectancy at birth. This is an average number of years people would live if mortality rates at the time of their birth remain constant throughout their lifetime.

By identifying the need for housing within the Holbeck area, it is now important to recognize our ‘target market’-who is it that will benefit from this and what is it that they require?

There are two main groups that I feel need to be addressed in this situation:

1. The needs of the existing community-revitalising the existing back to back housing stock, a

most predominant feature in Holbeck, and providing them with a more self sufficient and suitable living environment. A large percentage of Holbeck's housing stock comprises of back-to back houses. Originally inspired by the large working class labourers within the area, these have become neglected due to a severe decline in the industrial community.

2. Replenishing the housing stock within Holbeck-creating a new residential area that

incorporates mixed development as well as a sustainable way of living. There is also the opportunity to take advantage of Holbecks close proximity to Leeds City

Centre, with the prospect of broadening the areas potential and elucidating the area to the City commuter.

WHAT ARE THE NEEDS?>>> SUPPOSE

PHASE 1 PRECEDENT>>> IDENTIFY

>>>Chimney Pot Park, Salford We’re taking the downstairs up and moving the upstairs down. Literally turning these houses upside-down.

>>>Wales Eco Terrace Sustainable refurbishment standard of a row of six single skin brick walled Victorian terraced miners houses to Ecohomes.


>Peyton Lane Terrace, Toronto The proposal provides 6 compact, affordably priced homes sensitive to their context, and actively helps to form and improve the lane-scape. The proposed building is subordinate in height, mass and scale, to the surrounding street houses but with unit widths similar to the abutting street houses in order to maintain the rhythm of land division. The building section has been developed to lower the overall height of the mass. The garden façade is stepped back and inclined to provide greater access to sunlight. The rear garden introduces greenery and minimizes overlook and intrusion of privacy. The laneway façade is articulated vertically and horizontally. It is scaled to the width of the lane and the existing buildings on the lane. Vertical greenery, on trellis work, enriches the lane-scape and shades the interior.

>Curzon Lane - Toronto 2007 This project proposes 3 detached sustainable homes on a laneway. The site is currently occupied by storage buildings. Sustainable design objectives are achieved through a variety of complimentary strategies. At the urban design scale building on an underused laneway property intensifies the city and increases density without incurring additional infrastructural cost or triggering a larger urban footprint. The homes are highly insulated and incorporate passive solar heating thermal storage and solar domestic hot water systems. The double height living spaces set up natural convection cooling. Trellises and screens block summer sun and help to keep the interior cool during the summer. The low winter sun is allowed in under these sun breaks to provide a natural radiant heat source for capture by the thermal mass of the floor and to offset heating requirements.

>>>VAN ELSANDER CARTER ARCHITECTS INCORPORATED


>>>VAN ELSANDER CARTER ARCHITECTS INCORPORATED

>Pangman Residence, Toronto This project transforms an existing 300 sq ft 1910 cottage; located in a Toronto laneway, into a spacious, compact two-story dwelling. The lateral and gravity loads of the second storey addition are supported on a steel frame, which pierces the old cottage, and is tied to new interior concrete footings. The addition is then framed conventionally in wood. A folded plane wraps around the new interior forming the faceted roof, which is shaped to provide a generous interior volume and to minimize shadow on neighbouring properties. Rooftop clerestory with a generous overhang gathers heat from the winter sun and shades the interior in summer.

The Unite house is built to cope with its owners, however fit or frail: disabled access comes as a standard and a ground-floor office can be turned into a bedroom; it can also be extended upwards for families needing more space. Owners can personalise their home by using the roof and roof terrace differently or in changes to the glazed front. The houses are built with hempcrete, a mixture of hemp fibres and lime mortar that is lighter and provides better insulation than concrete, and a timber frame. There is a green roof and solar hot water, a rooftop wind cowl for natural ventilation and a louvered, double-skin facade for shading and natural ventilation. They can also be configured as detached, semi-detached or in terraces.


>>>AEW ARCHITECTS THE UNITE HOUSE -SHORTLISTED FOR THE NATIONAL BRITISH HOME AWARD 2008

http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2008/05_02/ArchitectsExterior_800x600.jpg


>>>HTA ARCHITECTS- HANHAM HALL ECO-VILLAGE BRISTOL

>Notable design features • On-site car club reduces the need to own a car on site and provides two electric vehicles • Lockable storage for 172 bicycles • Solar water heating • High standards of insulation reduce heating bills • Large, south facing windows provide daylight & solar warmth • Water butts collect rain water for use in the garden

Built on the site of a former hospital, Hanham Hall will be England’s first eco-village. The site is owned by the Homes and Communities Agency and is being developed by Barratt Homes. The development will comprise 195 new homes, of which 65 will be affordable. It will also include retail and employment space and improved public realm in the form of two parks. Allotment gardens and greenhouses will be provided to encourage residents to grow their own fruit and vegetables, and existing hedgerows, meadows and orchards will be retained and extended. The new homes, designed by HTA Architects, will be prefabricated from energy efficient materials, designed to very high insulation standards and orientated towards the sun to maximise passive solar heating. An on-site biomass Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant will deliver energy to all homes, and aggregate from the demolition of existing buildings will be recycled in the new development.

INITIAL STRATEGY>>> PROPOSE

Place

Strengthening the community of Holbeck Creating places of distinction Harnessing intrinsic site assets and resources Integrating with surroundings Ensuring feasibility Providing vision

Community Feasibility Natural Resources Connections Vision

>>>THE NEED OF THE COMMUNITY

Nurturing the community- The City Commuter Holbecks close proximity to Leeds city centre, makes it an ideal location for providing housing that caters to the needs of the City Commuter.

Initial thoughts.....

This open plan studio, inspired by the Art Deco style, presents ideal modern living for the occupant, whilst providing panoramic views with its raised design and curved glazed facade across Holbeck Moor and beyond. On entering the accommodation from ground floor level, their is secure storage for the commuters push bike. Climbing the stairs, the resident then enters the open plan living space; offering a large living area, work and sleeping space, as well as a kitchen an dining area and shower room. The surrounding grounds have been designed to offer privacy to the occupant on entering their dwelling, with a curved green wall landscaping the edge. There is ample car parking space below the studio , as well as a grassed area adjoining the property.

INITIAL STRATEGY: HOUSING>>> SUPPOSE


Although this dwelling is designed for the City Commuters immediate needs, what happens when that persons lifestyle and therefore needs change?....... Over the years it has become acceptable to uproot our lives completely; with personal preferences being pushed aside and short time fixes becoming accustomed to. The question is how can we create a habitat that alters to better suit our needs rather than having to ‘re-build’ our lives elsewhere? The idea behind these prefabricated panels is to allow the user to alter their accommodation as they see fit, to better suit their needs, thus creating the expandable house. The ‘dovetail panels’ interlock with one another. There design means that further panels can be added on all elevations, so the user can build on the same level or vertically, creating a new dimension.


Nurturing the community-Replenishing Holbeck living Beyond the need to revitalise the plentiful back to back housing stock in Holbeck, is the opportunity to replenish it with a new residential area. This is to be situated on the former Matthew Murray School site; adjacent to the back-to-back housing and the newly restored allotments. Utilising this neglected area not only invigorates the town, but also takes advantage of a key location; close to the Ingram Primary & New High School, as well as local amenities and attractions. The new development will comprise of mixed use housing, which in turn will cater for a broader demand. The housing aims at providing a more self sufficient and sustainable lifestyle for the residents, incorporating into its design such features as...... A curved ‘leaf’ roof-providing a large surface area, ideal for rainwater harvesting

Bike storage-encouraging sustainable means of transport Large, south facing windows-providing daylight & solar warmth

Food ladder-south facing, vertical timber ladder, allowing food to be grown and picked by the family.

GROWING A HELTHY COMMUNITY>>> SUPPOSE

FOLIAGE -processes solar energy

-channels rainwater down -filters heat from light

BRANCHES -support canopy

-regulate temperature fluctuation

ROOT SYSTEM -constant heat

exchange sustains live

processes -extracts

nutrition and water from

soil

CURVED ‘LEAF’ ROOF

-channels rainwater

down

FOOD LADDER

-provides home-

grown food supply-self sufficiency

CANOPY -provides

shade

GEOTHERMAL PROBES -closed loop ground heat

exchange system WATER WELL

-provides supply for irrigation and gray water systems

-with further mineralisation treatment provides safe water

for the household

BRANCHES OF SUPPORT

-cantilevered living quarters

-provides support and cycle storage0

LOUVRES -regulates

temperature providing

natural ventilation

CANOPY -grows foliage

-produces oxygen

The diagram demonstrates how the house design endorses natural strategies to promote a more sustainable way of living. The proposal for the replenishment of Holbecks housing stock, was to create a new residential area which caters for all different needs; the existing community and a new generation of residents. This scheme at present demonstrates how the housing can be composed as a detached dwelling. In order for this design to truly endorse a more sustainable way of living then we need to develop this further…..

As we are well aware, a large percentage of the housing stock in Holbeck is comprised of back to back terrace houses. The terrace form is a step in the right direction when it comes to creating a more ‘self sufficient’ lifestyle. The structure can take advantage of shared elevations, which in turn can reduce heating bills and overall living costs. In addition to this the layout encourages social cohesion within the area.

BEDZED-ZEDFACTORY>>> PRECEDENT

Bridges linking sunspaces and skygardens

BedZED is the UK’s largest mixed use, carbon-neutral development. When it was built in 2002, it set new standards in sustainable building. BedZED

comprises 82 affordable dwellings in a mixture of flats,

maisonettes and town houses, and approximately 2500

m2 of workspace/ office, and is built on a Brownfield site. The BedZED urban system reconciles high-density with amenity, providing each dwelling with a sky garden or terrace. A combination of passive measures and proven, cost effective active technologies form the strategy of an integrated, sustainable development. A rigorous specification process helped reduce the environmental impact of the construction process. The scheme includes a biomass combined heat and power plant, an onsite sewage treatment and rainwater recycling system, and natural wind driven ventilation. The idea was to show how it was possible to combine workspace with housing whilst matching the residential densities of the surrounding dormitory suburb, and actually increasing overall standards of amenity - particularly gardens and public open space. This was achieved by matching south facing rows of single aspect residential terraces with north facing live / work units or workspace. By placing gardens on the workspace roof, it was possible to give almost every home a garden or terrace, whilst achieving high levels of cool northlight within the office space.

Village square at the centre of BedZED

Most bulk materials and labour were sourced within a 50

mile radius of the site, enabling the completed embodied carbon to compare favourably with that of a volume housebuilder's industry standard product - despite having thicker walls and considerably higher thermal mass. On balance over a year, if the plant performs reliably, with only its planned maintenance downtime - then slightly more power is generated than is actually

required on site. If this surplus power is between 5 and 15 % of annual demand, it should be possible to pay off both

the embodied initial construction carbon and the planned maintenance / replacement carbon footprint.

NEWLANDS COMMON

FCB Studios was engaged in 2005 to develop a

masterplan for the majority of the Major Development Area (MDA) site in Waterlooville, Hampshire.

The vision for Newlands Common is to create a sustainable development which is compatible with lifestyles of the 21st century.

The scheme presents a great opportunity to establish a strong link between Waterlooville and the countryside, and to create new parkland for the new and existing residents. Working within the development brief, we reorganised the initial, rejected masterplan to create a wonderful central parkland instead of a series of disparate peripheral open spaces.

Their strategy was to see the existing natural features of the site as assets to be exploited, rather than as constraints. Existing features were used to create a unique setting for a new community, establishing a strong identity and adding value to the overall development.

The West of Waterlooville Major Development

Area comprises a settlement of 2,000 homes, 30

hectares of workspace, retail, health and community facilities, set within a high quality

public open space network on a 245 hectare site.

Newlands Common will include 1,550 homes, a

primary school, a local centre, leisure and health

facilities and up to 100,000 sq m of commercial

space. The key challenge is to stitch into the existing town of Waterlooville, repairing its edges and connecting it into the surrounding countryside. FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY>>> PRECEDENT

GROWTH HOMES-HERMAN HERTZBERGER>>> PRECEDENT

Growth Homes Groeiwoningen, Almere, Netherlands

Herman Hertzberger, 2002 Flexibility can mean the capacity of a building’s interior to adapt, but the term can also be used to show that a building can be extended without difficulty. These ‘growth homes’ designed by Herman Hertzberger are a good example of that latter category. All the units in this project have the same basic unit plus a variable zone that can be fitted our at the occupants’ discretion. The majority of occupants chose a glass-enclosed zone, although a few tried out other scenarios such as an extra living room on the ground floor or an additional bedroom upstairs. Both the architect and the developer expected occupants to modify the zones in the fullness of time and add them to their house, but there have been few alterations as yet. Interestingly, one of the zones was built without the glazing at the occupants’ request.

“Modifying is about excluding as well as

including.....”

NEW RESIDENCY>>> SUPPOSE

>>>Matthew Murray Residential Development-Initial Ideas

NURTURING THE COMMUNITY>>> PROPOSE

Shared Space –improving the urban environment

Revitalising the existing back to back terraces-enhancing social cohesion

Introducing a place for higher education-working in conjunction with the existing Ingram Primary School ,providing an opportunity for the community to further their potential

The City Commuter-an ideal location in close proximity to the city centre with the opportunity to expand thus creating a lifetime home.

A new way of living-creating a new residential area which strives towards reducing its carbon footprint and providing a sustainable way of living

Urban Forest-providing an ideal environment for outdoor activities

Rejuvenating the existing allotment area; educating the community and providing them with the tools to led a healthier lifestyle.

NURTURING THE COMMUNITY>>> PROPOSE


A key aspect of my regeneration proposal is to strengthen the image and pride that people have in their area. Key to this is genuine community engagement, the creation of ‘a sense of place’ and by making sure that decisions on the area’s future are transparent and sustainable.

Holbeck Moor

HolLink-the green way to City

Brown Lane

Former Matthew Murray School site

Back to Back terrace Housing

Top Moorside-leading to Beeston

Allotments Ingram Primary

School

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2

3

4

5

6 7

8


1. Revitalising the back to back housing stock -knocking through individual dwellings to form one larger, more suitable living environment -creating alternating green spaces between terrace rows → pedestrianising and privatising one row-creating a communal garden and allowing access for services on the opposite side. 2. Utilising the area recently demolished adjacent to Brown Lane: -creating a landscaped ‘core’ to the community leading off from the shared space of Top Moorside and Holbeck Moor. -this area increases the number of green spaces available to the community, as well as a place for communal events to be held. 3. The proposal for a new high school/college for the community-to be situated adjacent to the existing Ingram Primary School.

4. Extending the allotment area to provide greater opportunity for the whole community to be part of a more sustainable and healthy lifestyle.

5. Revitalising Holbeck Moor-creating an ‘urban forest’

6. Greening over the motorway-reconnecting the north of Holbeck to the surrounding areas. This includes reconfiguring the road to the south of Top Moorside eliminating direct access to the motorway at this point and reducing traffic flow within the residential area.

7. Opportunity to replenish the housing stock within the area; utilising the former Matthew Murray School site to create a new residential area. 8. Utilising the old viaduct and creating a direct green link for pedestrians and cyclists to the city centre.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

A key aspect of my regeneration proposal to Holbeck, after genuine community engagement, is enhancing social inclusion thus enabling disadvantaged people to connect with employment opportunities, key local services, social networks and goods, through improved accessibility, availability of housing, amenities and services, affordability and acceptability by enhancing social inclusion It is important to create a space that ‘extends’ the occupants living space to the outdoor environment. A space that strike a balance between the natural and man-made environment and utilise each site’s intrinsic, resources such as the climate, landform, landscape and ecology, to maximise energy conservation and amenity. Replenishing the housing stock within Holbeck-creating a new residential area that incorporates mixed development catering for a broader demand as well as a sustainable way of living, taking advantage of Holbeck’s close proximity to Leeds City Centre and introducing a housing scheme that caters for the City Commuter, a single occupancy dwelling that is ideal for city workers and the like, while allowing the user to alter their accommodation as they see fit, to better suit their needs, thus creating the expandable house. A sustainable expandable house that incorporates and comply with sustainable design principles and codes covering energy/CO2, pollution, water, health and well-being, materials, management, surface water harvesting, ecology and waste. The expandable house façade is articulated vertically, its vertical greenery, on trellis work, enriches the street-scape and shades the interior. Sustainable design objectives are achieved through a variety of complimentary strategies. At the urban design scale, building on a disused site intensifies the city and increases density without incurring additional infrastructural cost or triggering a larger urban footprint. The houses are highly insulated and incorporate passive solar heating thermal storage and solar domestic hot water systems as well as a comprehensive rain water harvesting system. The high living space and multiple level high stairs well set up natural convection cooling crowned by a wind catcher or malqaf aiding natural ventilation. Trellises and screens block summer sun and help to keep the interior cool during the summer, while the low winter sun is allowed in under these sun breaks to provide a natural radiant heat source for capture by the thermal mass of the floor and the green roof all working together to offset heating requirements and reduce the carbon footprint. The Edible Terrace, green roof and local allotment gardens are a sustainable interpretation of the traditional Victorian terrace house. These self-sustaining features are designed to reduce food miles and energy consumption and encourage urban food production and healthy eating. The Flexible house is built to cope with its owners; it can be extended upwards for families needing more space. Owners can personalise their home by altering the internal light weight demountable partitions, using the roof and roof terrace differently or by applying changes to the facade. They can also be configured as detached, semi-detached or in terraces. The new homes will be constructed from energy efficient materials, designed to very high insulation standards and orientated towards the sun to maximise passive solar heating. Whilst the new homes can be prefabricated, it is envisaged to use local labour for training, up skilling and enhancing social inclusion. The Flexible house is so versatile that it can be used in high density housing layouts achieving 50 units per hectare as well as low density housing of 15 to 20 units per hectare, thus .accommodating various design and social needs criteria

REVITALISING HOLBECK>>> PREFACE

The UK builds the smallest homes in Europe, according to the government’s adviser on architecture. How do British new-builds stack up internationally Adequate space is a pre-requisite for basic living. There should be enough room for residents to cook, eat, relax and socialise. There should be sufficient space for furniture and the storage of personal possessions. If homes are to have a long life, they must offer functional and adaptable spaces that meet the needs of families, children, older people and disabled residents. But there are no national minimum space standards, and neither building regulations nor the planning system specify minimum floor space for privately developed homes in England. The result has been private housing which does not consistently provide what CABE would consider to be adequate space? Adaptable and sustainable homes: Inadequate space means that many homes are not adaptable, so will be unsustainable in future This research suggests that the size of new homes is likely to affect the provision of flexible, adaptable spaces that can respond to the changing needs of occupants, future lifestyle changes and the needs of different communities.

CABE found...... Based on our sample, the average new home in England is only 92% of the recommended minimum size. For example, the average three bedroom home from

our sample of 3,418 homes across 71 sites is 88 sqm. It is 8 sqm short of the recommended minimum for a two storey, three bedroom home for five residents.

8 sqm is just a number. But in lifestyle terms it means… The equivalent of a single bedroom and the furniture

you’d expect to fit comfortably within it. 7 sqm is the equivalent of a galley kitchen and a coffee table.

A NEW WAY OF LIVING>>> IDENTIFY

>>>Average floor space of newly built homes-Floor space (m2)

Second Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan Option1

Ground Floor Plan Option2

>>>Longitudinal Section

>>>Exploded Axonometric

NEW RESIDENCY>>> PROPOSE

The Flexible house is built to cope with its owners; with a split level design allowing floors to added and so expanding upwards for families needing more space. Owners can personalise their home by altering the internal light weight demountable partitions, using the roof and roof terrace differently or by applying changes to the facade. They can also be configured as detached, semi-detached or in terraces, enabling a mixed development-catering for all needs.

>>>Matthew Murray Residential Development-Final Design

>>>Floor Plans (NTS)

Typical 3 bedroom house configuration → each proprietor is allocated a 100sqm plot (5m by 20m as seen below). Each house has the same footprint of 45sqm; which in a standard arrangement would comprise of two floors, totalling 90sqm, which can then be added to by the occupier at their own discretion. The recommended space for such a dwelling is in fact 96sqm, however with the additional sky garden space, the users needs are more than adequately met.

Space in new homes: what residents think (CABE, HATC, Ipsos MORI, 2009) Leishman C, Aspinall P, Munro M and Warren F J, Preferences, quality and choice in new-build housing, (Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2004), page 15. Average floor space of newly built homes-Policy exchange, CABE, US Census Bureau

75m3 → prefabricated kit frame ‘blocks’ → added at the occupiers discretion

A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY>>> PROPOSE

Inspired by Herman Hertzberger, the influence behind the Dutch structuralist movement of the 1960s, who believed that the architect's role was not to provide a complete solution, but to provide a spatial framework to be eventually filled in by the users.

“Rise up & keep the street”

The Flexible house is built to cope with its owners; it can be extended upwards for families needing more space. Owners can personalise their home by altering the internal light weight, demountable partitions, using the roof and roof terrace differently or by applying changes to the facade. They can also be configured as detached, semi-detached or in terraces.

The top three things people look for when moving home are.....

→ Outside space (49%) → The size of the rooms (42%) → Proximity to local services (42%)

Allocated 100sqm plot → this comprises of a 45sqm building footprint, along with 25sqm private green space., orientated on an East West axis for maximum solar gain.

ON THE UP: VERTICAL LIVING>>> PROPOSE

Here it is possible to visualise how street elevations can vary, as each individual user meets their personal needs, whilst adhering to a standard set of preliminaries, administered prior to construction…..

Ground Floor

Second Floor

Exploded Axonometric

Inspired by Herman Hertzberger, the influence behind the Dutch structuralist movement of the 1960sm, who believed that the architect's role was not to provide a complete solution, but to provide a spatial framework to be eventually filled in by the users.

“Rise up & keep the street”

The Flexible house is built to cope with its owners; it can be extended upwards for families needing more space. Owners can personalise their home by altering the internal light weight demountable partitions, using the roof and roof terrace differently or by applying changes to the facade. They can also be configured as detached, semi-detached or in terraces.

Ground floor options-exploiting the footprint of the house or reducing the living space to accommodate a car. First floor provides two bedrooms -one double, one single, a work space-situated off the landing- utilising the natural daylight through the atrium skylight and a family bathroom. Second Floor houses a master bedroom with the option of an en-suite if the user so requires.

First Floor

BUILDING A BETTER FUTURE>>> PROPOSE

Replenishing the housing stock within Holbeck-creating a new residential area that incorporates mixed development catering for a broader demand as well as a sustainable way of living, taking advantage of Holbeck’s close proximity to Leeds City Centre and introducing a housing scheme that caters for the City Commuter, a single occupancy dwelling that is ideal for city workers and the like, while allowing the user to alter their accommodation as they see fit, to better suit their needs, thus creating the expandable house.

A typical street view in the new sustainable residential district of Holbeck

BUILDING A BETTER FUTURE>>> PROPOSE Local residents enjoying the outdoor space surrounding their new homes

A revitalised community-utilising the abundant green space and leading a healthier lifestyle

BUILDING A BETTER FUTURE>>> PROPOSE

A NATURAL BALANCE>>> PROPOSE

It is important to create a space that ‘extends’ the occupants living space to the outdoor environment. A space that strikes a balance between the natural and man-made environment and utilise each site’s intrinsic, resources such as the climate, landform, landscape and ecology, to maximise energy conservation and amenity.

The Edible Terrace, green roof and local allotment gardens are a sustainable interpretation of the traditional Victorian terrace house. These self-sustaining features are designed to reduce food miles and energy consumption and encourage urban food production and healthy eating. In addition to this the skygardens provide a private greenspace for each household to enjoy.

A view of the skygardens-green living overlooking Leeds

VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

SOLAR THERMAL & PV PANELS

RAINWATER COLLECTION

MALQAF-WIND CATCHER

SEPTIC TANK (SEWAGE TREATMENT AREA)

FOUL WATER TREATMENT

RAINWATER STORE BIOFUEL-CHP

HOT WATER

ELECTRICITY

LOW-E LIGHTING & APPLIANCES

LOW FLUSH WC

TRANSOM WINDOWS

A sustainable expandable house that incorporates and comply with sustainable design principles and codes covering energy/CO2, pollution, water, health and well-being, materials, management, surface water harvesting, ecology and waste. The expandable house façade is articulated vertically, with its vertical greenery further enriching the street-scape, whilst shading the interior and offering privacy. Sustainable design objectives are achieved through a variety of complimentary strategies.

At the urban design scale, building on a disused site intensifies the city and increases density without incurring additional infrastructural cost or triggering a larger urban footprint.

Longitudinal Section through dwelling

PROPOSE>

>

A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY

LIFETIME HOMES>>> PROPOSE

The new homes will be constructed from energy efficient materials, designed to very high insulation standards and orientated towards the sun to maximise passive solar heating. Whilst the new homes are designed to be prefabricated, it is envisaged that local labour will be used for training, up skilling and enhancing social inclusion. The Flexible house is so versatile that it can be used in high density housing layouts

achieving 40 units per hectare as well as low

density housing of 15 to 20 units per hectare,

thus .accommodating various design and social needs criteria.

A density of 40 dph (dwellings per hectare)

has been achieved, creating a walkable community.

Thermal mass concrete floor

Kit frame

External leaf construction (alternative options available to users preference-locally sourced stone, timber or tile cladding, brickwork or sand/cement render on brickwork

Glulam-glued laminated timber post and beam construction

Wind catcher (malqaf) unit with

timber louvers

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT)

Roof mounted Photovoltaics & Solar thermal

evacuated tubes

Pre-fabricated timber stairs

Internal thermal mass floor: pre-

stressed concrete with finishing

options available- reclaimed tiles,

sustainably sourced timber

flooring

Thermal inertia is used to keep internal conditions comfortable. Dense concrete blockwork and concrete floor slabs provide thermal mass that absorbs heat during warm periods and releases heat at cooler times.

ANTICIPATED METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION

SIP-Structural Insulation Panels

These panels are incredibly strong and can be used for both the load bearing and non load bearing walls of almost any building

Sedum roof-skygardens

SUSTAIN-ABLE>>> PROPOSE

Daylighting A large ‘ atrium’ roof light works in tandem with the

open stairwell and transoms to bring natural light into the

house.

Stale air out

Connecting duct

Ceiling level

Ceiling diffuser

louvers

Fresh air in

Passive Heating/Cooling System Wind catcher (malqaf): Timber louvres pull air through the house and evacuate hot air

out.

Prevailing wind

Air drawn out

Air drawn down into interior of

house

>>>Section through malqaf

Roof mounted Photovoltaic

The term Evacuated Tube refers to the glass tubes that seal a vacuum around the collector tube. This glass tube transmits the suns rays to warm the collectors and the vacuum virtually stops the heat from escaping from the tubes. The closed-loop solar collector systems use electric pumps, valves, and controllers to circulate a glycol-water antifreeze mixture through the collectors and into a hot water storage tank.

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) have the advantage of being more tolerant for changing and inconsistent wind directions, making them ideal for utilisation in an urban context.


Solar Thermal Evacuated Tubes

Water Heating Solar Thermal Collectors use sunlight to heat water. Evacuated tubes have been developed particularly for climates where outdoor air temperatures are low.

Solar photovoltaic (pv) panels generate clean, renewable electricity during daylight hours. The panels are connected into to the building’s fuseboard via an inverter to supply the generated electricity to the property. The pv system works autonomously and seamlessly with the electricity grid, exporting any surplus electricity onto the grid and importing additional electricity if the building requires more energy than the pv system is producing.


The houses are highly insulated and incorporate passive solar heating thermal storage and solar domestic hot water systems as well as a comprehensive rain water harvesting system. The high living space and multiple level high stairs well set up natural convection cooling crowned by a wind catcher or malqaf aiding natural ventilation. Trellises and screens block summer sun and help to keep the interior cool during the summer, while the low winter sun is allowed in under these sun breaks to provide a natural radiant heat source for capture by the thermal mass of the floor and the green roof all working together to offset heating requirements and reduce the carbon footprint. In addition to this passive system is the benefit of an on site water treatment plant and woodchip fuelled combined heat and power plant (CHP). Biomass chp works very well on mixed use zero heating specification developments, as the thermal demand is for hot water only, and remains consistent all year, with oversize hot water storage tanks that can meet peak demands whilst still allowing trickle recharging throughout the day. This allows the power plant to more or less match average electrical demand, exporting to grid when surplus power is generated on site - and importing to meet peak demand.

The advantage of the biomass CHP system is that very similar amounts of biomass are burnt compared to a conventional heat only boiler, as the electricity is generated from flue gases that would be unlikely to have been harnessed to the same efficiency in a more conventional combustion process.

Bio-fuelled CHP (Combined Heat & Power) System

Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) is coppice grown as an energy crop. This woody solid biomass can be used in applications such as district heating, electric power generating stations, alone or in combination with other fuels. In the UK, yields from willow SRC at first harvest are expected to be in the range 7 – 12 oven dry tonnes per hectare per year (odt/ha/yr) depending on site and efficiency of establishment.

“The place called home has huge social

and psychological significance. It is our

place in the world from which we come and

go, a place of physical reference and

security. It is more than just shelter

from the elements or a piece of real

estate investment; to most people a home

has a value and meaning that gives us

status in our communities, as well as the

opportunity for individual expression.”

Feilden Clegg Bradley

Community led design is

an approach that puts

local people at the

heart of making changes,

exploring the benefits

and challenges of local

people leading change to

their areas.

Sharing stories of what

has worked, and what has

not exploring practical

approaches to

participatory design

looking at the role of

quality design informed

by local knowledge in

the long-term

sustainability of the

neighbourhood of

Holbeck.

Alfred Leete's 1914 image of Lord Kitchener pointing directly at the

viewer.

REFORM?>>> IDENTIFY

Planning Minister Greg Clark defended government plans to streamline the planning process in England saying they will lead to more development and give more planning powers to local people. Karen Macdonald from Radian Housing says: “What the new framework does is put the onus on the local community to gather some evidence on local housing needs and what we do know is that there is a huge demand for affordable housing.” 14/9/2011 George Osborne has defended the government’s proposed changes to the planning system, saying they are ‘key to our economic recovery’. The chancellor, in an article in the Financial Times newspaper jointly written with communities secretary Eric Pickles, says the changes will unlock investment and jobs and help young families hoping for more affordable house prices.

PLANNING REFORMS to give

'more powers to local people'

With the opportunity of such a positive reform taking place, the Localist vision of Holbeck seems ever more obtainable. The success of Holbecks revitalisation is in the grip of the community.

We need to listen to what it is the people want and in turn create a place where they can build a better life.

THE LOCALIST VISION>>> DEFINE

A growing and an ageing population necessitates building more homes, including affordable ones, and for existing homes to be managed more efficiently Improve the flexibility of social housing and promote ownership-create housing that is supported by the department of communities and local government of Holbeck-initiating a scheme that is community led. In turn we will allow more individuals to take responsibility for meeting their own and their families' housing needs. Whether they wish to buy or rent, there will be the opportunity to do so. Most people aspire to own their own home and the Government wants to support people with that aspiration as long as they can sustain homeownership. A new generation of sustainable social housing in Holbeck will provide support for families who need it. The Government will return decision-making Powers on housing and planning to local communities and in its drive for localism it will allow them to protect the character of their neighbourhoods.

“We are putting local communities themselves in control of house

building.”

Growing your own food was encouraged during World

War Two. Certain foods were rationed and people were

encouraged to plant Victory Gardens. In the United States, there were as many as 20 million Victory

Gardens which contributed about 40% towards the domestic

consumption of fruits and vegetables. In The United Kingdom, a

similar campaign urged civilians to “Dig for Victory.” With a growing concern over the environment, more and more

people are becoming aware of a sustainable local food culture. “Slow food” is becoming a popular catch phrase, and

community gardens are gradually making a come back. It has been estimated that some of our food travels as much as

1500 miles from farm to table. The process of planting,

fertilising, processing, packaging, and transporting our food uses a great deal of energy and contributes to the cause of

global warming.

By replenishing the existing allotments and encouraging the

community to grow a healthier lifestyle, we would reduce the

amount of pollution the people of Holbecks food contributes

to global warming. Instead of travelling many miles from farm

to table, their fresh produce would be merely a stroll down

the garden path. Our current economic

situation is another good

reason to support such a positive change. As well as taking care of the

environment we live in and

making a better place for our children’s generation, a more

sustainable lifestyle

replenishes the bank balance too.

VICTORY-OUS>>> PROPOSE

SOWING THE SEEDS>>> PROPOSE

It is evidential that we are striving towards creating a sustainable lifestyle as a whole for the people of Holbeck. Beyond the revitalisation of areas such housing and community spaces, is the proposal to introduce a scheme that will benefit the community in all aspects of their life; from health and well being, right the way through to learning new skills and educating the next generation. The main intention is to revitalise the town of Holbeck. It is a known fact that Holbeck has been the victim of deprivation; resulting not only in a poor living environment, but also a poor way of living. The health and well being of a number of residents is destitute. This is due to a broad number of reasons, varying from neglect and a lack of self care, to mental health and general deterioration. In addition to the redevelopment and expansion of the existing allotments, the scheme will sow its seeds across the town; educating the community and providing them with the tools to led a healthier lifestyle. Social & Therapeutic Horticulture Social and therapeutic horticulture is the formal name given to the process of using gardening, plants and horticulture to help individuals develop. The benefits of a sustained and active interest in gardening include:

Better physical health through exercise and learning how to use or strengthen muscles to improve mobility

Improved mental health through a sense of purpose and achievement

The opportunity to connect with others – reducing feelings of isolation or exclusion

Acquiring new skills to improve the chances of finding employment Just feeling better for being outside, in touch with nature and in the 'great

outdoors' Can help slow down the deterioration seen when someone has a

degenerative illness

It can benefit people with many different disabilities, including those recovering from stroke and heart disease, blind and partially sighted people, those in the early stages of dementia, and people with physical and learning disabilities.

Work with the Landscape Places that strike a balance between the natural and man made environment and utilise each site’s intrinsic resources – the climate, landform, landscape and ecology - to maximise energy conservation and amenity. Holbeck already has a distinct allotment area to the west of the back to back houses, however as is evident in the images below, this is underused and neglected.

A view of the revitalised allotments-encouraging social cohesion and promoting a healthy lifestyle and sense of well being

The image shown to the left paints an idyllic picture of how the allotments could be utilised; further encouraging a healthy and sustainable lifestyle that can be passed down through each generation....

ENRICHING HOLBECK>>> PROPOSE

WATCHING THE ROOTS SPREAD>>> PROPOSE

By creating a strong narrative for the people of Holbeck to follow, their lifestyle & well being will strengthen & a healthy community will flourish.

Growing a Healthy Community

HEALTHY EATING>>> DEFINE

Educating residents about healthy eating and providing facilities to purchase and grow fresh food will enable the local community to improve their diets and increase their intake of healthy food. Holbeck is lacking in outlets for fresh food, with the local supermarket, Kwik Save, closing down, and a large amount of fast food takeaways scattered amongst the housing and shopping street, tempting residents to the easy but unhealthy option for their daily meals. Research has shown that it is common for the more deprived neighbourhoods to have a higher amount of fast food outlets due to the cheap prices and usually the lack of grocery stores. Holbeck has around 8 takeaways and cafes that serve mainly hot, unhealthy food. There are three local, small stores, that offer a range of fresh fruit and vegetables but due to the size of the shops they are expensive options and not available at the prices that a large chain store could provide. Much of the research in this area has shown that the closer a resident is in proximity to a shop selling healthier produce, the healthier their dietary intake or the lower their weight, The community allotments offer a great space for residents to grow their own food, however, as is the case with most community allotments, many people are on the waiting list for a plot and so can’t take advantage of this opportunity. Key benefits of community allotments are: Mental health: a form of ‘horticulture therapy’, improving health and wellbeing, raising self-esteem and developing social skills. Physical activity: digging and shovelling can burn up to 360 calories in 30 minutes. Nutrition: vegetables are rich in nutrients and children involved in growing their own fruit and vegetables are more likely to eat them. Social interaction: providing a focus for communities by promoting inclusion, integration and acceptance. Environment: reducing ‘food miles’ – it is estimated that food consumed each year in the UK has been transported 18 billion miles. Skills: providing hands-on learning to engage and motivate young people and those with learning difficulties and limited qualifications. Economical: growing your own fresh fruit and vegetables saves money. Applying this to Holbeck - There is clearly a need to provide a way in which residents can access fresh fruit and vegetables. The closure of the Kwik Save shows that perhaps the need for this is not sufficient as yet to reopen a large store. Once the main features of the proposed Urban strategy have been developed and put into place, such as new sustainable housing and better links with the city centre and surrounding areas, a higher demand for a large store would come and so could support the redevelopment of the old Kwik Save into a new supermarket. The community allotments need to be extended, providing a place for both the residents and local businesses somewhere they can grow fresh produce and a healthier lifestyle

ENRICH THE EXISTING>>> PROPOSE

New development should enrich the qualities of existing urban places; encouraging a distinctive response that arises from and complements its

setting. One of the main issues that I have identified with the back to back

housing, is the social interaction and outdoor space available to the residents. Terraced housing is very restrictive in this sense and I therefore felt it important to create a space that ‘extends’ the occupants living space

to the outdoor environment.

Urban Retrofitting the streets of Holbeck

PLACES FOR THE PEOPLE>>> PROPOSE

For places to be well-used and well-loved, they must be safe, comfortable, varied and attractive. They also need to be distinctive, and offer variety, choice and fun. Vibrant places offer opportunities for meeting people, playing in the street and watching the world go by. The back to back housing is a predominant feature of Holbeck, one of which is in dire need of revitalisation. Along with the proposal of restoring and replenishing the housing stock is the opportunity to integrate amenities and general communal space into the area. The recently demolished row of terraces adjacent to Brown Lane offer a great opportunity to redevelop a large open space, providing a core communal area for all to enjoy.

RESTORE & REPLENISH>>> PROPOSE

At present, Holbeck Moor is the largest expanse of open green space for the people of Holbeck, yet it sits neglected at the heart of this community. Revitalising Holbeck Moor, creating an area of rural tranquillity in this urban hub, will give the people a space to relax in and be proud of.

MAKING A CONNECTION

By creating more options for travel

and reducing residents‘ reliance on the car we can

enable the majority of

journeys to be made by

sustainable transport, such as

public transport, walking and

cycling

URBAN DENSITY>>> IDENTIFY

We substitute in our lives access to the things we want-we hop in our cars and drive form place to place and we use mobility to get the access that we need. When we live in a denser community we start to see that the amenities around us are close by......

The data shown reflects this, demonstra0ting that the denser the city i.e. the more a city inhabits then the less emissions there are. By re-weaving the urban fabric that we already have we can elucidate the natural beauty of a place and harness its intrinsic assets. There is the opportunity to create a place that is replenished with new life whilst maintaining its underlying heritage.

“The most sustainable trip we make, is the one we never

had to make in the first place.”

With a high negative correlation between urban density and transport-related energy consumption, it is a key aspect of mine to factor this into Holbecks overall urban strategy. In a denser community, the goods and services to which people need access tend to be nearby, meaning that there is less requirement for mobility, and in many cases people can decide not to own cars, relying instead on walking, bicycles and public transport, in turn creating a more viable and sustainable community.

CODES>>> DEFINE

Codes exist as a series of highly complex interconnections.

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industrial heritage and soul will be revealed.” URBAN MEADOWS

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Primary routes linking to the City Centre

MAKING A CONNECTION>>> PROPOSE

Pathway leading to HolLink –a green link to Leeds City Centre

MAKING A CONNECTION>>> PROPOSE

MAKING A CONNECTION>>> PROPOSE A morning commute for the people of Holbeck-on the viaduct

Masterplan

007

A key aspect of my regeneration proposal is to strengthen the image and pride that people have in their area. Key to this is genuine community engagement, the creation of ‘a sense of place’ and by making sure that decisions on the area’s future are transparent and sustainable.

THE OVERALL STRATEGY>>> PROPOSE

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Holbeck Moor

HolLink-the green way to

City

Brown Lane

Former Matthew Murray

School site



Allotments Ingram Primary School

N

Not to Scale

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THE OVERALL STRATEGY>>> PROPOSE

1. Revitalising the back to back housing stock -knocking through individual dwellings to form one larger, more suitable living environment -creating alternating green spaces between terrace rows → pedestrianising and privatising one row-creating a communal garden and allowing access for services on the opposite side. 2. Utilising the area recently demolished adjacent to Brown Lane: -creating a landscaped ‘core’ to the community leading off from the shared space of Top Moorside and Holbeck Moor. -this area increases the number of green spaces available to the community, as well as a place for communal events to be held. 3. The proposal for a new high school/college for the community-to be situated adjacent to the existing Ingram Primary School.

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Holbeck Moor

Brown Lane



Allotments Ingram Primary School

4. Extending the allotment area to provide greater opportunity for the whole community to be part of a more sustainable and healthy lifestyle.

5. Revitalising Holbeck Moor-creating an ‘urban forest’

6. Greening over the motorway-reconnecting the north of Holbeck to the surrounding areas. This includes reconfiguring the road to the south of Top Moorside eliminating direct access to the motorway at this point and reducing traffic flow within the residential area.

7. Opportunity to replenish the housing stock within the area; utilising the former Matthew Murray School site to create a new residential area. 8. Utilising the old viaduct and creating a direct green link for pedestrians and cyclists to the city centre. 9. Introducing a new construction college and community centre to Holbeck; creating a place for the [people and a resource to ‘re-build their neighbourhood.

N

Not to Scale

HolLink-the green way to

City

Former Matthew Murray

School site

9

Construction Centre?

008

The overall urban strategy for the town of Holbeck, is continuously reinforced by what the place encompasses. It is vital that the towns identity remains at the forefront and that any new development purely enhances what already exists. It is effortless to propose changes to an existing area and end it there, but it is a true commitment to that community when using those proposals as a stepping stone towards a better way of life. The key agendas for the revitalisation of Holbeck address issues raised by the people themselves. It is undeniable that they truly know what their needs are, experiencing these concerns first hand. The urban strategy is not to be seen as a short term solution for Holbeck, but a life time commitment and a new way of living.


There are 21010 people living in the south of Leeds in the holbeck and beeston wards.

This amounts to......

Holbeck 082 → 6024 Beeston 090 → 7460,

Beeston 091 →7506

Holbeck → 741 people, Beeston 090 → 920 people, Beeston 091 → 115 people

Within these categories, how many people are

unemployed?....

Of the overall population of each area, how

many people are aged....

IN 2001 IN THE LEEDS & CITY AREA, THERE WERE 8840 ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE PEOPLE OF WHICH A STAGGERING

12.3% WERE UNEMPLOYED.

THERE WERE 5038 ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE MALES OF WHICH

743 WERE UNEMPLOYED = 14.7%

THERE WERE 3802 ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE FEMALES OF

WHICH 341 WERE UNEMPLOYED = 9%

Total Population in Leeds = 715402

Through research it has been shown that people who are brought up in an area of deprivation suffer from lower education skills, whether that be due to the good schools being in more affluent areas, or whether issues in their social lives such as living in an unhealthy environment or eating unhealthily has affected them negatively. Study may have become less of a priority or something they couldn’t mentally cope with due to health and social problems.

Holbeck 082

Beeston 090

Beeston 091

16-24 25-49 50-64 →YEARS

Each person = 200 people

(SOURCE =NOMIS OFFICIAL LABOUR MKT STATS)

BUILDING>>> BRIEF

Massive inequalities persist in our cities and amongst many other issues a growing housing demand is a big challenge. How can we build compact, well-designed, sustainable neighbourhoods which make best use of disused sites, are well served by public transport and key amenities, and do not weaken existing urban areas? Opportunities to create sustainable, environmentally friendly communities are being missed because factors such as transport provision, employment prospects and lifestyle balance are being overlooked. Among all known renewable energies the most efficient and the only one of its kind capable of regenerating infinitely producing “zero environmental harm” is EDUCATION. This type of energy is an inexhaustible supply of knowledge that spreads from person to person covering vast extensions of area resulting in massive social, environmental and economical progress. With it once being the industrial powerhouse to the city of Leeds, the time has come for Holbeck to reclaim its status; providing the community with the knowledge they need for a more positive and sustainable lifestyle. The community of Holbeck needs an educational facility with a difference, where people who feel isolated can belong and those that need the support to better themselves can find that helping hand. The college will focus primarily on teaching construction and technology skills- providing a hands on experience rather than the common monotonous blackboard approach, which often lacks the inspiration and creativity that is needed to stimulate the mind. With the proposal of a new residential development to be sited adjacent to the college, it will be here that the newly acquired skills of the community are put into practice- first learning and then applying their skills in the construction of these new flexible dwellings. The college will constantly draw inspiration from the belief that..... If you tell me I'll forget, If you show me I may remember, but If you involve me I'll understand. With this in mind the college itself will set an example- with the architecture being both functional as well as illustrative on how sustainable technologies work and so creating a dialogue with community. The building is a learning resource in itself. The college will be underpinned by the localist vision-putting the local community at the forefront and in control. It is the centres commitment to ensure that the people of Holbeck benefit from the development. With local businesses endorsing the colleges objectives, work placements and future employment opportunities will reinforce the future vision of Holbeck. Far more than an educational hub, the college will be the engine of the community; both in the sense of energy production for the surrounding neighbourhood, but also a core to the community that both the students and members of public can have the benefit of. Setting the precedence for Holbeck and its community, the college will strengthen the image and pride that people have in their area.

The construction college embodies and further enhances a new way of living. With the promotion of a more sustainable lifestyle, the centre will become the engine that powers the community. Such renewable features of the proposed new housing, as creating energy and harnessing water, will be enhanced here-with key components such as the combined heat and power system being sited here. Beyond this however, there is an underlying educational purpose to the centre. The deprivation within Holbeck at present is extremely high. With the introduction of new housing and the restoration of the area, this issue begins to be addressed, but it is key that the people as individuals are given a life line that not only benefits them on a personal level, but that also enables the town of Holbeck to be ‘rebuilt’.

BUILDING>>> BRIEF


Enjoying the new flexible housing and green space.

The proposals which make up the urban strategy are all part of enriching the town of Holbeck, but who is responsible for making it all happen??........ Building the new flexible houses will contribute greatly to up-skilling the community. -brick layers -carpentry -electricians These are just a handful of trades that will be needed in part of the construction. The centre will provide apprenticeships for the people of Holbeck, and in turn both the person as well as the community will reap the rewards. Greening the streets of the existing back to back terrace houses is a major part of promoting social cohesion within the community and an outdoor space that all can be proud of. -civil engineers & site workers -landscape designers -gardeners Such trades are vital in making this happen. In addition to this they will also aid in..... Creating a place for the people, such as the proposed communal space situated at the top of Brown Lane. In addition to learning such trades the public can also learn about healthier ways of living and protecting the environment; improving their overall lifestyle and well being.

Places for people- a communal space for all

to be part of.

BUILDING>>> BRIEF

A new way of living-a replenished former Matthew Murray site Replenishing the housing stock within Holbeck-creating a new residential area that incorporates mixed development as well as a sustainable way of living.

Holbeck Construction College Leading to

Holbeck Moor Urban Forest & communal square

Allotments & sports field for existing and proposed educational facilities

Cycle and footpath leading to HolLink-green route to

City Centre

New sustainable housing→ a by-product

of the College

Cycle and footpath

leading to Beeston

BUILDING A FUTURE>>> PROPOSE

Brown Lane

N

Not to Scale

Building

009

SITE>>> IDENTIFY

0 By analysing the area of which the centre is proposed for and reviewing its personal attributions and context, we can begin to gather key information which will influence the design of the building and in turn result in the right environmental design solutions and strategies being made. The climatic data of the site, shown in the graph below, demonstrates a generally cool temperature throughout the year, which must be taken into consideration when insulating the building and when assessing the use of passive ventilation. With the area seeing moderate to high rainfall throughout the year, there is much potential for rainwater collection and reuse. The images on the following page, observe the area on a Macro Level. With the site being independent from its neighbouring buildings, our centre already has the advantage of not being affected by overshadowing. With this opportunity of gaining large amounts of solar radiation coupled with the medium to high sunlight hours, the area demonstrates great potential for the integration of passive solar design and solar energy solutions into the scheme. Beyond this climatic analysis, it is notable that the close proximity of this site to Leeds City Centre, emphasised further by the potential of the disused viaduct to the North of the site, is ideal for employees working in the City who are looking for additional training to supplement their career, as well as a key connection for the people of Holbeck.

Climatic Data-Holbeck, Leeds

The new construction college will be situated here on the former Matthew Murray High School site.

Proposed construction college: At the heart of the community-bridging the gap between existing and new development.

` Direct connection to industrial zone

Linear connection along Brown Lane-main thoroughfare

SITE

Disused viaduct providing key link for employment.

City Centre

SITE: ACCESS & CONECTION>>> IDENTIFY

The massing of Holbeck elucidates a well established dense building language. This reinforces the concept of creating a walkable community-a sustainable concept which enhances social cohesion. The urban identity of Holbeck highlights the major need for regeneration. It is visible that there is an existing community which must remain at the forefront of this. There is great potential with direct links to surrounding industrial areas as highlight by access and connections, as well as the forgotten urban fabric of Holbeck, which will is fundamental to the overall regeneration of the town.

PRECENDENT: ENVIRONMENTAL>>> IDENTIFY

Central to the aims of the low carbon development is the preservation of Mexico City’s indigenous plants and species and the creation of a vital new nature reserve. This wilderness area, together with enhanced landscaped areas, will account for 50 percent of the site.

The Campus Biometropolis masterplan for El Pedregal in Mexico, embodies the true unity of environment with building design. Responding to the urban grain of Mexico City, the masterplan integrates public plazas, pedestrian streets and cooling courtyards and the buildings will be oriented to capture the prevailing winds from the north. The campus will not exacerbate Mexico City’s water shortage, instead maintaining and augmenting the proportion of green space through which water can be absorbed into the aquifer below and harvesting rainwater on roofs, roads and available space.

Central to the aims of the low carbon development is the preservation of Mexico City’s indigenous plants and species and the creation of a vital new nature reserve. This wilderness area, together with enhanced landscaped areas, will account for 50 percent of the site. Managed through UNAM and Mexico City’s government, it will provide an attractive landscaped setting for the buildings within the masterplan and safeguard the future of the land through sensitive development. The arrangement of buildings navigates the Pedregal lava fields, a network of subterranean lava tubes and caves, sections of which will be exposed to encourage scientific investigation.

FOSTER+pARTNERS

Longitudinal Environmental Section looking West towards the city.

PRECENDENT: TECHNICAL>>> IDENTIFY

Situated on the edge of the 67 acre development in the heart of London, the Kings Cross Construction Skills Centre (CSC), sets to bridge the gap between local training and employment. Completed in 2008 by David Morley Architects, the centre sets a high precedence by being one of the first buildings to be erected here.

“The building is a ‘lesson in construction”

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With three major construction partners having signed up to a delivery model which provides work placements and future employment opportunities, the centre itself offers local people the training and professional qualifications they need to build their future, as well as meeting training targets and fulfilling skill shortages within the profession. The new facility will be a centre of excellence for work based learning in construction, providing up to 150 apprenticeship places; primarily locally based young adults, aged between 16-18, every year. The centre will be a "one stop" facility where Apprentices will be taught both the theory and practical elements of construction. As well as obtaining their Construction Skills Certification (CSC) Scheme Health & Safety qualifications which is now compulsory with most contractors, the trainees can choose from a number of trades to learn, including carpentry and joinery, brick-laying and civil engineering (groundwork's). In addition to the apprenticeship program, the Skill Centre will offer a range of bespoke courses that meet the employment needs of the contractors in the area.

PRECENDENT: TECHNICAL>>> IDENTIFY

The building detailing is used as a ‘lesson in construction’ for the students: ceiling soffits are exposed, as are the building services; where possible wall systems are exposed; the plant room is caged; workshop and stair floors are exposed concrete and coated with a dust sealer.

The building is a 1,400 square metre, two storey structure with workshops on the ground floor and classrooms and the administration area on the upper floor. North lights provide daylight to the double-height workshop areas, minimising the need for electric lighting to the space and creating a dramatic look to the external building. Angled timber brise-soleil protects the west-facing office and classroom windows from solar heat gain, whilst providing a clear view of the sky to the north. Externally, the roof features photovoltaic panels and a sedum roof to support biodiversity. Environmental mitigation was incorporated into the building in the form of solar panels on the sloping roof and also a “green roof”. The solar panels will contribute energy to run the lights and appliances and the flat part of the roof has been planted with grasses that help to absorb airborne pollutants and carbon dioxide whilst also giving extra insulation.# K

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http://www.kingscrosscentral.com/gallery

WHAT MAKES A GOOD DESIGN?>>> DEFINE

Definition of well-being → Physical Health, Income and Wealth, Relationships, Personal Stability, Meaningful Work and Leisure, Good Mental Health

Improve Physical and Mental Health → Encourage Healthy Lifestyles, Provide Facilities, Educate

Create Sustainable Community → Good Quality Services, Education and Training Opportunities, Minimise use of Resources, Educate, Engage Community, Safe and Healthy Environment

LEEDS HEALTH STRATEGY>>> DEFINE

To create a healthy environment for Holbeck it was key to use the existing strategies and policies as a foundation on which to develop Holbecks Urban Strategy. The ‘Health and Well-being Partnership Plan’ focuses on the whole of Leeds and improving peoples Health all over the city. It recognises that areas of Leeds, such as Holbeck, suffer from more health issues than other areas and it aims to fast track theses areas alongside improving health for everyone across the city. Holbeck has advantages over other deprived areas in Leeds, the main one being its proximity to the Centre. There is the opportunity to utilise its relationship with the city, to improve links to existing services, and to create a safe pedestrian and cycle friendly environment that shows people exercise isn’t difficult. For example. by making what could be a pleasant twenty minute walking journey to the centre instead of a ten minute bus ride, people will naturally begin to walk as they realise its not as far as it seems, that its an enjoyable area to walk in and that they are improving their health without even realising it. The quote below sums up exactly what is needed to ensure that residents in Holbeck not only have the opportunity to improve their health, but those that are yet to suffer from health problems have the opportunity to keep illnesses away. Focus is to be on giving residents Intellectual Inspiration, more opportunities to have a healthy diet, an environment that encourages physical activity and spaces where they can get the support to improve upon their emotional wellbeing. By ticking those boxes, a healthy environment will emerge and will only improve as people begin to feel the benefits of living a healthier lifestyle. “Wellbeing is a positive physical, social and mental state; it is not just the absence of pain, discomfort and incapacity. It arises not only from the action of individuals, but from a host of collective goods and relationships with other people. It requires that basic needs are met, that individuals have a sense of purpose, and that they feel able to achieve important personal goals and participate in society. It is enhanced by conditions that include supportive personal relationships, involvement in empowered communities, good health, financial security, rewarding employment, and a healthy and attractive environment” (Whitehall Wellbeing Working Group 2006)

NIACE, the National Institute of Adult Continuing Education, is an independent, non-governmental organisation and charity. They focus upon schemes in universities, further education colleges, workplaces and local community settings where Adults are encouraged to participate in some form of education, ranging from basic numeracy courses through to weekly art classes. Their focus upon 8 main areas: Health and Well-being, Older Peoples Lives, Social Mobility and a more equal society, Family Life, Active citizenship and empowered, cohesive communities, A resilient and productive economy, International Development and Sustainability. Prescriptions for learning - In 2000 NIACE obtained funding to establish a programme that would place learning advisors inside GPs surgeries to prescribe learning as part of a route back into encouraging well-being, especially for those diagnosed with mental health problems. Of the 49 people referred to a learning advisor, 46 took up their appointment and 32 went on to participate in a learning activity Feedback was overwhelmingly positive and participants reported numerous benefits to their mental health, and in some cases to their physical health too. Applying it to Holbeck - As the aim is to create an environment that can offer opportunities to improve all aspects of health, it is important for the individual areas to work together and create a stronger support network. Prescriptions for learning would be an ideal scheme in holbeck with the high levels of mental health problems and the low rate of adult education. Young Adult Carers NIACE found a need to create a policy which looks out for the needs of young adult carers and supporting them in further education. The research focused upon the needs and experiences of disadvantaged young adults, and access to education for people with learning disabilities and their carers. Funding was obtained to identify the practical, psychological and

structural barriers to mainstream and further education. As a result of this work, the Department of Health is now funding a new NIACE project called ‘Who Cares?’ that supports young adult carers in finding a way to carry on their studies. Applying it to Holbeck - Statistics show that a large amount of residents in Holbeck suffer from lifelong limiting illnesses and so it is likely that many of them will have some sort of care provided for them. Often, it is the case that this is provided by their children, and so by providing services and facilities in Holbeck these young adults from Holbeck and the nearby areas will have the opportunity to take up courses that work around their role as a carer. Adults with Mental ill health - Over the past five years NIACE has created a mental health network with a cross-sector membership of approximately 1,700 contacts. Their work has highlighted the importance of education in helping those effected by Mental health disorders, and they are aiming to provide more support for those in other marginalised and disadvantaged groups such as offenders, people from black and minority ethnic groups and people with other disabilities. They have also influenced the ‘Mindful Employer’ scheme and have developed a training package to support mental health and well-being amongst the post 16 workforce. Applying it to Holbeck - Holbeck has a high rate of Post 16 year olds who are not in education, employment or training. By taking guidance from NIACE policies in this area, a support network between the local education facilities and places of work could be encouraged and utilised to offer local teenagers the chance to get involved in some work based learning or training, especially those with mental ill health who find it difficult to study and find work.

EDUCATE>>> DEFINE

Building a future: A new way of living-a replenished former Matthew Murray site-Replenishing the housing stock within Holbeck-creating a new residential area that incorporates mixed development as well as a sustainable way of living.

The Bio Centre

Leading to Holbeck Moor Urban Forest & communal square

Allotments & sports field for existing and proposed educational facilities

Cycle and footpath leading to HolLink-green route to

City Centre

Short Rotation Willow Coppice

Cycle and footpath leading to Beeston


Reed bed and gabion wall sewage

treatment system

Biodiversity habitat

Lake

The Bio Centre: Sustain-able

SRC-Short Rotation Willow Coppice


Pond, Reed Beds and Coppices

An exciting spin-off use of harvested rainwater, grey and black water recycling is the creation of a large central pond, which is designed to filter water through a maze of gabions with floating reed beds and microorganisms into a clear water pond. The pond would be fit to support wildlife and fish, and to provide a wetland habitat for locally endangered species referred to in the Hertfordshire Biodiversity Action Plan, such as the white-clawed crayfish. This pond can also support fish that can be harvested annually. In swathes of communal areas, coppice willow is proposed, as a contribution toward the fuel for the solid biomass boilers, providing additional filter beds for pond water, as well as providing habitat for biodiversity of wildlife. We believe that the coppicing can provide fuel on a three-year rotation cycle of growth, maturity, and cropping

(providing between 10

to 15 % of the total

demand).

MAKING THE RIGHT CHOICES>>> IDENTIFY SOURCES: Department of Energy; H2OConserve; IEEE Spectrum; The Water Footprint Network A collaboration between GOOD and Fogelson-Lubliner.

The relation between consumption and water use The interest in the water footprint is rooted in the recognition that human impacts on freshwater systems can ultimately be linked to human consumption, and that issues like water shortages and pollution can be better understood and addressed by considering production and supply chains as a whole," says Professor Arjen Y. Hoekstra, creator of the water footprint concept and scientific director of the Water Footprint Network. Water problems are often closely tied to the structure of the global economy. Many countries have significantly externalised their water footprint, importing water-intensive goods from elsewhere. This puts pressure on the water resources in the exporting regions, where too often mechanisms for wise water governance and conservation are lacking. Not only governments, but also consumers, businesses and civil society communities can play a role in achieving a better management of water resources.

STRATEGIC VISION>>> SUPPOSE

Ingram Road Primary School

Main Access

Plant Rooms NE orientation, delivery access

Roofscape access

Core

Internal courtyard

Balcony-upper levels overlooking main space

Observation ground level

Open to bio-habitat

Bio-habitat promoting

biodiversity

Workshops-open to grounds (outside

work space)

Delivery access-close proximity

to allotments etc. Brown Lane

Proposed new housing

>>>Connecting with the people of Holbeck- be part of the experience


The initial idea, was to create a form that worked from the outside in. It was important for the building to be approachable from various directions; creating an experience for the public from the offset. The building is formed around a central courtyard – the core to the building, with educational and recreational facilities surrounding.

Creating layers →moving from the ‘outside’ space, through the grounds, into the college


Developing this concept of creating an experience further, I began to create a more linear movement around the spaces. The buildings themselves are placed at a juxtaposition to these walkways, encouraging the public to approach each facility, as well as allowing them to be visible from the paths. It is at this point that the strength of creating ‘the street’ begins to emerge.


“Urban theory and architectural theory of any kind operates at the level of opinion. It is successful not as a predictive device but as a prescriptive one. Its success is measured to the extent it persuades the undertaking of real action.” William Ellis, Opposition Reader, Princeton Architectural Press, 1998

Cantilevered upper level-extension of educational facility and observation area.

Creating a direct thoroughfare through the

facility- encouraging people to approach and integrate within the ‘university of

life’ >>>Initial configuration of core facilities

View from educational

facility-allowing analysis of living

facilities and everyday life to

take place

-Access, movement and circulation -Main educational facilities -Sustainable Water facility

-Upper Level of main educational hub -Cantilevered ‘viewing’ platform -New residential quarters

-Outer buildings -Outdoor green space -Ponds-as part of the sustainable water system


>>>Visual interpretation of the new college with the new housing visible in the background


Cantilevered over the surrounding grounds → the area provides an ideal work space for observational studies Taking advantage of the South orientation of the building and integrating photovoltaics into the roofscape → aiding in the sustainable heating and lighting of the building. At the heart of the ‘University of Life’ → the main zone of the building is spread across two levels → the lower level accessible from all directions and the upper level overlooking the room below. Working with mother nature → the green living roof provides a permeable surface for rainwater and enhances natural insulation → the community can fully interact with their surroundings with the ability to walk and lay on the roofscape. Raising the entire educational centre up creates a direct thoroughfare through the facility- encouraging people to approach and integrate within the ‘university of life’ Reed bed and gabion wall sewage treatment system The sustainable water facility demonstrates the ways in which water can be used most efficiently and elucidates how such a system works.


FUNCTION = FORM

CREATING MOVEMENT FLUIDITY HEIGHTS

CONTOURS FORM

SCIENCE INTERACTION RESPONSIVE

EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE

NATURE COMMUNITY

INDIVIDUALISM THE PEOPLES VOICE

EXPRESSION ENERGY

BIO-DIVERSITY CONNECTION

BE PART OF IT.... WHAT CAN YOU DO?

WHAT DID YOU LEARN? WORKING WITH THE LANDSCAPE

A key aspect of the design is to create a building that not only responds to its surroundings, but that the people who use and move through it can interact with. The building is to be approachable and educational at the same time. People should be able to move through the spaces with ease. A fundamental feature of the design is an entrance space that leads to the core of the facility. This space will be at the heart of the community- a place for people to interact with one another, leading off to adjoining educational spaces.

PROXIMITY DIAGRAM>>> DEFINE

Foul Water Treatment

Private Educational Facilities

Public Areas

Sustainable Zones

CHP (combined heat & power system)

Sustainable Water System Rainwater

Harvesting

Solar Gain

Photovoltaic System

Lecture Theatre

Workshops

Offices

Wood Work

Electrics

Brickwork

Site-work

Power Conservation

Plumbing

Cookery Department

CAFE

Ground Floor First Floor

Crèche

LIBRARY

Office

Help Desk

ICT

COLLEGE

Study Areas

Kitchen facilities

COMMUNITY ARCADE

Reception

Staff Room

Managers office

Meeting Rooms

Consultation Offices

Classrooms

Group Learning Areas

Quiet Learning Areas

Play Zone Children’s Learning

with Nature

First Aid

Biodiversity Habitat

Indoor Gardens

POWER GENERATION

Willow Coppice

PROGRAM SCHEDULE>>> DEFINE

By analysing the purpose and function of each distinguished area within the centre, such environmental issues as heating, ventilation and lighting can be addressed. Certain events within a building can generate excessive heat or produce superfluous moisture and therefore require particular design specifications to accommodate these spaces. Light quality can also have a direct impact on the comfort of a space, therefore highlighting the task and general illumination of an area is key.

Mechanically ventilated

Heated in Winter

Daylight control

Shade Tolerable

Task Lighting

Soft Lighting

Naturally Lit

Naturally Ventilated

Natural Daylight Control

These spaces should be flexible to accommodate a variety of subjects and methods of teaching, to small or larger groups of students.

Classrooms

Private space for the community to use. These areas provide a private meeting space when seeking advice and help from the centre.

Consultation rooms

Lecture rooms

Reception

These learning areas will be open primarily to the students for use in both group sessions and individual studies. The public may also use them on request.

Study areas

The cafe offers a recreational space to students, as well as key public space for the community.

Cafe

The library will facilitate both the community and the centre, providing a key information and ICT zone to all.

Library

Toilet facilities pin pointed around the centre for both students, staff and the public.

WCs

Changing rooms

Staff facilities will provide office and consultation space as well as a central staff room for recreation.

The cafe kitchen will also occasional play host to the cookery departments students, for practical experience.

Kitchen

Offices

Building systems, including both mechanical and passive systems- sited here for maintenance and building governance.

Power Generation

Workshops

Community Arcade

z

Primarily the theatre will be available to the students for group seminars, however the space will also offer an auditorium for pre booked public events.

Situated at the entrance to the community arcade, the reception will be the initial information point for both students and members of public.

The heart of both the centre and the community-a large indoor space, for recreation and access to all adjoining zones.

Practical work spaces- each designated to a specific skill. Direct delivery access for heavy goods and materials.

Changing rooms and shower facilities for the students, in close proximity to the centres practical workshops.

Ground Floor Plan 1:1000

Car Park

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Direct delivery access to

workshops

Crèche opening directly out

onto play zone

Brown Lane

Main Entrance

Direct link to new

residential development

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HOLBECK CONSTRUCTION COLLEGE

First Floor Plan 1:1000

Public Educational

Environmental

KEY:

MOVEMENT AND STRUCTURE>>> SUPPOSE

Longitudinal Section A-A

Hydrophilic Roof

1.Community arcade → Hydrophilic roof enclosing main space: aiding power generation and harvesting rainwater

2.Cafe & kitchen → upper level: additional cafe seating and student recreation area.

3. Library → upper level: ICT suite

4.Lecture Theatre 5.Crèche 6.Cookery Department 7.Woodwork & Pre-

fabricated housing construction.

8.Brickwork 9.Civil engineering

(groundwork's) 10.Power conservation 11.Plumbing 12.Electrics 13.Staff Zone-offices

and consultation rooms

14.Plant Room & Environmental Studies

MOVEMENT AND STRUCTURE>>> SUPPOSE

Principle of integration: PV

Flexibles on the ETFE cushion structure

>>>Hydrophilic Roof Structure

The concept behind the overall roof design has been maintained-with the intention of educating the people through design still prevalent. This has been developed further, with the idea that the function of the roof is exaggerated externally and that the users view the structure and the ‘mechanics’ from within the main arcade.

The canopy of the Glulam trees’ will

channel the rainwater down

from the rooftop.

The main roof structure will be composed of triangulated Glulam joists which will be the preliminary support to the ETFE cushions. These will be integrated with a photovoltaic membrane, utilising the vast area for maximum solar gain.

HOLBECK CONSTRUCTION COLLEGE

STRUCTURE & MATERIAL>>> SUPPOSE

The existing architecture of Holbeck, consists mostly of the Victorian era and therefore the use of brick is substantial. As shown below many of the original back to back terrace houses have already been, and are proposed for, demolition. It is proposed that full advantage shall be taken here, and reclamation of materials shall be integrated into the colleges construction.

Timber shall be used extensively throughout the building, composing the structural system of the college. Timber columns shall be used in conjunction with large Glulam beams which will span the building and provide structural support to the adjoining triangulated roof system. Sustainably sourced timber shall be used as much as possible.

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Specification of materials with low

environmental impact

Use products with higher recycled content

Use local C&D waste/reclaimed

products

Use less material Waster avoidance and minimisation

Return surplus material

Segregate, recover, reclaim

and recycle

Material selection Waste

Management

Energy

Sustainable Goals

Materials Water

Efficient use of finite

natural material

s Minimising environme

ntal damage

>>>Material efficiency as part of sustainable construction

ETFE is to be used in the construction of the roof. It’s u-value of 1.96 w/m²°K outweighs that of triple glazing, as well as having an extremely high light transmittance and the benefit of being extremely lightweight. ETFE can be recycled with ease, but due to its properties (does not degrade under UV light, sunlight, weather, pollution) it has a very long life which is estimated between 50-100 years, making the need for recycling small. Excess material from the cushion manufacturing process can be recycled effectively by all ETFE suppliers.

Primary routes surrounding the proposed site- connecting to the immediate vicinity and the City Centre

The overall urban strategy for the town of Holbeck, is continuously reinforced by what the place encompasses. It is vital that the towns identity remains at the forefront and that any new development purely enhances what already exists. It is effortless to propose changes to an existing area and end it there, but it is true commitment to that community, using those proposals as a stepping stone towards a better way of life. The key agendas for the revitalisation of Holbeck address issues raised by the people themselves. It is undeniable that they truly know what the needs are, experiencing these concerns first hand. The urban strategy is not to be seen as a short term solution for Holbeck, but a life time commitment and a new way of living. With this in mind we need to think beyond the recommendations and changes that are to be made to the area, a find a solution that creates a holistic approach. The bio-science and educational centre embodies and further enhances this new way of living. With the promotion of a more sustainable way of living, the centre will become the engine that powers the community. Such features of the new housing as creating renewable energy and harnessing water will be enhanced here-with the combined heat and power system being located here. Beyond this however, there is an underlying educational purpose to the centre. The deprivation within Holbeck at present is extremely high. With the introduction of new housing and the restoration of the area, this issue begins to be addressed, but it is key that the people as individuals are given a life line that not only benefits them on a personal level, but that also enables that town of Holbeck to be ‘rebuilt’.

Location of the bioscience educational facility

Pedestrian and cycle routes-HolLink

greenway and tram line


New residential development

The building is a learning resource in itself.

The proposals which make up the urban strategy are all part of enriching the town of Holbeck, but who is responsible for making it all happen??........ Building the new houses will contribute greatly to up-skilling the community. →carpentry → electricians → plasterers These are just a handful of trades that will be needed in part of the construction. The centre will provide apprenticeships for the people of Holbeck, and in turn both the person as well as the community will reap the rewards. Greening the streets of the existing back to back terrace houses is a major part of promoting social cohesion within the community and an outdoor space that all can be proud of. → landscape designer → gardeners These two are vital in making this happen. In addition to this they will also aid in..... Creating a place for the people, such as the proposed site adjacent to Brown Lane. In addition to learning such trades the public can also learn about healthier ways of living, protecting our environment as well as broadening their knowledge.


Places for people- a communal space for all to be part of.

Enjoying the new flexible housing and green space.


This dynamic environmental enclosure is being designed with conservation and education requirements as key principles. The idea of having this shared semi open space would make any members of the community passing through feel part of the building

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The roof topography is used to direct water to depressions where large amounts can be stored -> Such methods of water collection can be seen in insects with hydrophilic—water attracting—and hydrophobic water repelling—biological features, created to intersperse, collect and direct the flow of water.

The roofscape is incorporated into a system of urban green surfaces that provide important links for the migration of species, possibly supporting existing biotope structures and habitat networks and promoting biodiversity in the local environment.

Access to the roofscape from inside the building

A plerergate is a polymorph of an ant, also known as a replete or rotund, characterized by an enlarged abdominal area, for the purpose of food storage. This occurs in honey ants. Other ants then extract nourishment from them. They function essentially as living larders. This function is ideal for working in conjunction with the hydrophilic roofscape, collecting water and storing it. The reactive facade

responds to movement of passers by, creating a staggered image in motion

Initial Impression of construction college- A section through the central space and roofscape

BUILDING DESCRIPTION>>> SUPPOSE


Main entrance

Library

Lecture theatre

Crèche

‘The Street’

Workshops

Cafe

Kitchen

Educational facilities

N

It was at this stage, that although happy with the concept of creating a ‘street’ for the people, the space which I had created still felt disconnected. The developments show that the street has been noticeably lessened, creating a far more intimate space to experience. I have began to create spaces branching off from the central space, generating various area types around the building.

Delivery access to kitchen

Creating an intimate public space

Integrated workshop

Direct link from new housing development

South entrance leading from parkland area


>>>Longitudinal Section

Library

Main entrance

Lecture theatre

‘The Street’

Workshops

Cafe

Cookery Zone

Educational facilities-

classrooms on upper level

Study Pod 1

College Reception & Cloakrooms

Housing Association & Recruitment

Main Reception

Instructors Office

N

The spaces that the college is comprised of are beginning to interact with one another. It was a key strategy of mine, to create a building that not only allows the people to interact, but that also promotes social cohesion in itself. Although the college is made up of a number of various components, it was always the intention to avoid these spaces becoming monotonous and segregated from one another. The concept of ‘the street’ runs through the entire building, with interaction, and cohesion a constant throughout , creating an open dialogue with the community.


>>>Visual interpretation of Holbeck Construction College, with the design element of wrapping, becoming visible throughout.


>>>Visual interpretation of the various levels and walkways from within ‘the street’.

>>> PROPOSE

>>>Initial test renders, demonstrating form, orientation and light within the spaces

>College threshold

>>> building configuration

ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE>>> PROPOSE

The concept behind Holbeck Construction College is derived from its context and

surroundings.

A strong identity is formed by the existing back to back terrace houses and the way in

which they are placed. The parallel arrangement, creates a pattern between the street, form and threshold. With the

street being the point of interaction, it becomes the driving force behind a sense of place. Applying these factors creates a dialogue between what is new and what already exists.

ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE>>> PROPOSE

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TREE

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>>> existing terrace formation

>>> utilising the formation >>> applying new form

>>> vertical and horizontal cohesion

>Terrace threshold

New development

should enrich the

qualities of existing urban places; encouraging a distinctive response that arises from and complements its setting. One of the main issues that I have identified with the back to back housing,

is the social interaction and outdoor space available to the residents. Terraced housing is very restrictive in this sense and I therefore felt it important to create a space that ‘extends’ the occupants living space to the outdoor environment.


ENRICH THE EXISTING>>> PROPOSE

THEORY: FORM >>> PROPOSE

>>> wrapping concept

The hypothesis of the building was derived from the

communities needs and its relation in fulfilling

those requirements.

With the building being a multi-functional space, it

was vital that there was a distinguished connection

between spaces throughout. The structure and form is composed of a number of wrapped elements; with

facades transforming into roofs and walls amalgamating into walkways.

This striking technique elucidates the fluidity of spaces

within, demonstrating that this a cohesive space. The wrapped elements go beyond this, allowing the access

of natural light, as well as framing views over the

buildings surroundings. Holbeck Construction College strives to cultivate space that

embraces, encourages and empowers the people that occupy it.

GATEWAY BUILDING-MAKE ARCHITECTS >>> IDENTIFY

Nottingham, UK / 2008 - 2011 Make Architects have completed work on the largest single straw bale building in the UK. The University of Nottingham's Sutton Bonington Campus and enhance its reputation as a leading destination for the study of plant and animal sciences. The landmark building, with a value of £5.2 million, brings together the School of Biosciences and the School of Veterinary and Medical Sciences and has been designed to accommodate a wide range of functions – offices, laboratories, seminar and computer rooms – while comfortably providing for many different users. To maximise the use of the space, the efficiency of the floorplate reaches an impressive 80 per cent. Consciously contextual, the design was influenced by the campus’s agricultural heritage and strong sustainability policy. Taking inspiration from the rhythm of the line of trees adjacent to the site, the facade is innovatively formed from prefabricated modular straw bale panels, locally produced using straw harvested from the University’s own farmland. For the first time straw has been applied as an external curtain wall system, with each panel spanning all four floors of the building in one prefabricated piece. This cost-effective and environmentally friendly system was quick and easy to construct. Each 14m long panel consists of a cross-laminated timber frame filled with compressed straw and finished externally with render to provide a breathable coating that prevents decay and protects the straw from the external environment. These panels were prefabricated in an off-site ‘flying factory’ using local labour and delivered ready to be put in place. In the main entrance atrium a series of ‘truth windows’ form an interesting feature; some of the ply board panels have been taken out and replaced with clear Perspex to allow visitors to see the straw bales, which would otherwise be concealed from view.

EDUCATORIUM BY OMA>>> IDENTIFY

EDUCATORIUM BY OMA>>> IDENTIFY

The Educatorium is composed of two planes which fold to accommodate a range of distinct programs, including an outdoor plaza, two lecture halls, cafeteria and exam halls. Planes interlock to create a single trajectory in which the entire university experience - socialization, learning, examination - is encapsulated. The Educatorium is conceived as a new centre of gravity for the Uithof University Campus. The point of departure of the design are two sheets which fold and interlock. The concrete slab is treated as a malleable surface which allows an optimum fit for each program. The sloped planes of the entrance plateau function like an urban plaza or mixing chamber. Beneath this area is sheltered the bicycle parking and intersecting bike-path. Above the mixing chamber is the two-story block of examination halls. While specifically planned for mass examinations they are also designed to allow varied configurations of furnishing and inhabitation. The two auditoria are accessed via the large entry area ramp. Oriented towards the north side the larger auditorium is open to the view of the botanical gardens. Two curving walls enclose the room, one solid, one of glass. Laminated with a holographic film which changes between transparent or translucent depending on the viewer`s point, the glass wall acts as a fabricated cloud alternately clearing and obscuring the view to the outside while providing a screen of privacy for the interior. In the ceiling, steel reinforcement bars emerge from the exposed concrete slab. Steel and concrete dissociate allowing each material to work at optimum efficiency: the 20cm thick concrete slab is made to span 21 metres. The second auditorium with 400 seats is situated to the south. Spanning between two massive walls the roof structure is a densely packed series of I-beams forming a surface of steel.

The cafeteria is situated beneath the floor of the auditoria. The lines of columns are denser to the south and almost disappear to the north towards the landscape beyond. Designed to accommodate up to 1000 people, the sloping ceiling together with the "random" columns generates a series of "places" within the large room.

Circulation in the Educatorium is organized around a cruciform of two corridors subdividing each plan into quadrants and functioning as the main connectors. A second system of paths allows the building to function as a network. By merging the "pause" areas with circulation, larger open territories are generated as part of strategy of eliminating frontiers in favour of more subtle techniques of separation or inclusion.

MANCHESTER CIVIL JUSTICE CENTRE BY DCM>>> IDENTIFY M

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An international competition-winning design for the headquarters of the Ministry of Justice in the North West of England, the biggest court complex to be built in the UK since the Royal Courts of Justice in the 19th century. The building provides accommodation of around 34,000 sqm on 15 levels. It houses 47 courtrooms, 75 consultation rooms, in addition to office and support space. From the exterior, it signals and literally displays the accessibility of the courts. This building is part of the city, and the city part of the building. The working courts and offices are expressed as long rectilinear forms, articulated at each floor level, and projecting at each end of the building as a varied composition of solid and void. In side elevation, these elements collectively establish a dynamic and distinctive building profile; in end elevation, they form a powerful sculptural interplay of light and shade, depth and complexity.

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MANCHESTER CIVIL JUSTICE CENTRE BY DCM>>> IDENTIFY

The architectural implication is that the courts are not forbidding or concealed, but open and accessible. The judicial interface is seen as the principal city scale signal of the Civil Justice Centre. The eastern facade will become the memorable ‘sign’ that clearly establishes this as the courts building and unlike any other building in the city. Manchester Civil Justice Centre employs advanced environmentally sensitive design principals, such as solar screening and natural ventilation systems, making it a beacon for sustainable design. It has achieved a BREEAM rating of excellent. The project has been the subject of numerous architectural awards including the Royal Institute of British Architects National Award for Architecture and the RIBA Sustainability Award.

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>>>Exploded Elements Axonometric Glazed

atrium screen

Pods

Public concourse

Spine

Court/office fingers

Environmental veil

PUBLIC DOMAIN

JUDICIAL INTERFACE

WORKING COURTS

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THEORY: PEDAGOGY>>> PROPOSE

ped·a·go·gy 1. the function or work of a teacher; teaching. 2. the art or science of teaching; education; instructional methods.

[source: Dr Kenn Fisher]


k e y p e d a g o g i c a l a p p r o a c h e s ... a range of pedagogies will be used according to subject matter and essential learning forms. These pedagogies will target and support improved student skills outcomes and enhanced student competencies. Students are at the centre of learning, with teachers as facilitators.


l e a r n i n g se t t i n g s ... possible learning settings for various modes and group sizes. These multi-modal learning settings should be collocated and clustered to allow students to move around the various learning environments to suit the particular learning task.


student home base

space Space for an individual to personalise and in which to work and study. Gathering place for learners and teachers.

pedagogy Provides sense of ownership and teaches responsibility for one’s own learning. Provides a common space to start a learning activity, seek assistance and resources, share ideas, and hold group discussions.

individual pod [place to think] space Quiet Spaces for individuals or small groups.

pedagogy Provides quiet place for work, study, reflection, or rest.

group learning space Space Individual or team spaces for staff that has adjacent material preparation area and meeting space.

pedagogy Encourages team teaching, mentoring of other faculty, integrated planning, and informal discussions.

presentation space space Places for individuals or teams to demonstrate and perform. pedagogy Gives opportunity to practice, share acquired skills and knowledge with learners, staff and the public and receive feedback.

0 1 i n d i v i d u a l s e t t i n g s

0 2 g r o u p s e t t i n g s

outdoor learning space Outdoor areas of any scale that are semi-defined by landscape, building edge or lightweight cover, with provision for seating.

pedagogy Provides informal outdoor area for socialising, private study, reflection or discussion. Can be used for structured small group activities.


0 2 g r o u p s e t t i n g s

display space space White boards, black boards, tack surfaces, and show cases. Place furnishings to display work in progress or completed projects. Can overlap with circulation.

pedagogy Provides places to show ideas, work-in-progress and finished products. Supports and shares learning process by showcasing concept development, learning activities, development process and finished products and services.

0 3 i n f o r m a l l e a r n i n g s e t t i n g s

‘breakout’ spaces space Lounge areas, small study rooms, widened corridor spaces that allow gathering away from formal learning activities.

Pedagogy Provides psychological and physiological relief from formal environments. Allows for individual reflection, informal discussion or social activity for small groups.

0 4 s t a f f s e t t i n g s

teacher meeting space Individual or team spaces for staff that has adjacent material preparation area and meeting space.

pedagogy Encourages team teaching, mentoring of other faculty members, integrated planning, and informal discussions.

HOLBECK CONSTRUCTION COLLEGE>>> PROPOSE

>>>Visual interpretation of the final proposal for Holbeck Construction College and Community Centre. The render above demonstrates a typical view from the North of the building on approach, whilst the 3d model shows the overall form and layout.

HOLBECK CONSTRUCTION COLLEGE>>> PROPOSE

>>>Visual interpretation of the final proposal for Holbeck Construction College and Community Centre. The render above demonstrates a typical view from the South of the building, elucidating the wrapped form of the facade.

DESIGN & ACCESS STATEMENT>>> PROPOSE

1.0 Introduction The Access Statement has been prepared for the planning stage of the project and sets out the approach to inclusion to ensure the building and its facilities will be accessible to all users. 2.0 Consultation and Standards The following documents are being referred to for statutory and best practice guidance: • Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and 2005. • Approved Document M of the Building regulations. • BS8300:2009 Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people. • Published advice and organisations representing the interests of people with disabilities e.g. RNIB, RNID. • SENDA 2001. 3.0 The Project 3.01 A new two storey building located to the west of Holbeck district; on the former Matthew Murray School site, between the industrial and residential area. The college provides construction workshops, teaching spaces and offices for the academic staff. In addition to this, the building acts a hub to the community; with such amenities as a cookery and cafeteria zone and multi-functional area. 4.0 External Environment 4.01 Access to the building, both pedestrian and vehicular, is controlled at the main entrance, to the North of the site. Once a member of public has ‘registered’ at the main reception, they are then able to obtain access at both the front, side and rear (South) of the building. 4.02 Paths approaching the entrances to the College Building are level or gently sloping. All new paving around the building will be slip resistant and at gradients in accordance with ADM. The detailed design of paths, kerbs, etc around the building will include dropped kerbs and patterned/textured surfaces to warn people with impaired sight of hazards e.g. Where there are steps or road crossings. 5.0 Car Parking 5.01 Parking is located adjacent to the main entrance, to the North of the building. There will be twenty parking spaces available for both staff and visitors, with the vision that the majority will arrive on foot. It is proposed that two designated accessible parking spaces adjacent to the entrance are available, including an area where people can be ‘dropped-off’.

6.0 Entrances 6.01 The main entrance to the building is at the front (North end). The main entrance to the building is at the front (North end). There are means of escape doors from both ends (North and South) of the atrium-the South of which is adjacent to the main vertical circulation. With the building comprising of a number of facilities, there are adequate means of escape from all zones. The main construction workshop has an independent direct means of escape, which is shared by the staff area on the upper level. The multi-functional zone has an enclosed internal fire stairs, which accommodates both the ground and first floor. The cookery zone has a direct means of escape from all areas. An enclosed fire stair situated on the corner of the early learning centre provides direct means of escape from here as well as the classrooms and library situated above. All entrances have level thresholds with a 1500mm level area in front of the doors. 6.02 The main entrance comprises of two double hinged doors, with the South entrance being an automatic sliding door. All other doors throughout the building are opening out single or double hinged doors. All entrance doors will be clearly indicated and will be operated by proximity controls or key lock. Where doors open onto the footpath guarding will be provided. The operation of automatic doors will allow sufficient time for a disabled user to enter and will fail safe in the event of a fire alarm. The minimum clear opening of principal entrance doors will be 1000mm. 6.03 A reception desk and information point is located at the main (North) entrance. First time visitors will need to report here on arrival to obtain an access card. This will allow them access from both North & South directions in the future. 7.0 Vertical Circulation 7.01 There are five staircases altogether, the main staircase being situated within the main atrium, towards the South end of the building, adjacent to the lifts, both serving every floor. The remaining staircases double up as enclosed fire stairs, providing direct escape from the main workshop, classrooms and lecture theatre, multi-function space and cookery zone. 7.02 There are two accessible lifts that serve all floors. A smaller lift is situated within the cookery zone, for the primary purpose of deliveries. Lifts will be designed in accordance with BS EN 8 and will satisfy ADM. Controls will be appropriate for all disabled users, incorporating visual and audio information. 8.0 Horizontal Circulation 8.01 Walkways are generally 2,500mm, providing more than enough ample space for general flow as well as disabled turning/passing. The main first floor walkway is 5m in width, as this space not only provides access to a number of facilities, but connects directly to the main vertical circulation and acts as a recreational space along its length.


9.0 Internal Doors 9.01 Clear opening widths for doors are minimum 950mm. Double doors will have one leaf providing the minimum clear opening width. Where possible corridor doors will have hold open devices. 9.01 All internal doors will have vision panels and glass doors and screens will have clear manifestations. 9.02 Doors to the Plant Room, located at ground level, are sealed all round to control temperature. 9.04 On the ground floor, within the crèche area and cafeteria there are sliding/folding external doors which open to the outside space. The leaves fold flat against each other allowing only a recessed handle to be fitted. 10.0 Toilet Facilities 10.01 There are male and female toilets on all levels, each with a cubicle designed for ambulant disabled people, with the main facilities being situated adjacent to main vertical circulation. The location and layout of toilets is consistent and left and right hand accessible WCs are available. Accessible WCs have both audible and visual fire alarms and an emergency call system. There is an accessible WC in each zone around the building, on every level. 10.02 There is an accessible shower in both the male and female cloakrooms within the educational zones. 11.0 Internal Surfaces 11.01 Contrast/colour will be in accordance with ADM, assisting people with sight impairment to differentiate between floors and walls, and locate doors, ironmongery, switches and fittings. Floor surfaces will be slip resistant and where mat wells are provided at entrance doors they will be flush with the floor surface. 12.0 Acoustic Environment 12.01 Hearing enhancement systems will be available in Seminar Rooms and the larger teaching spaces. 13.0 Fixtures and fittings 13.01 The layout and arrangement of furniture will be appropriate for disabled users. Positions of switches, sockets and other controls will be in accordance with ADM. Some fixed equipment is specialised technical and laboratory equipment and may not be suitable for disabled users; the College will keep under review the changing needs of students and staff.


14.0 Means of Escape 14.01 Four of the staircases provide the means of escape routes for the building; see ‘Fire Strategy’ for ADB. There are refuge places adjacent to or within the stairs. The refuges will have an accessible two way communication systems. 14.02 The fire alarm system will have audible and visual warning. 14.03 A management plan for the evacuation of disabled people will be developed, adopted and regularly tested; it will, where appropriate, include the use of Personal Emergency Evacuation Plans. 15.0 Wayfinding 15.01 Signs and information systems will be provided in accordance with the College’s standards for fully accessible way finding information. Defined thresholds are an additional bespoke design feature, which elucidate the relevant zones; enhancing wayfinding, acting as a ‘map’ for circulation.


Sustainability

010

SUSTAINABILITY>>> DEFINE

ENERGY CONSUMPTION>>> DEFINE

Different activities have different energy consumption patterns. In residential buildings, 90% of our energy is spent on heating or cooling!! Only 10% is spent on electrical appliances!! By analysing the consumption patterns, we can plan intelligently so that an equilibrium of energy demands can be met. In essence, a closed loop can be created.

SOLAR WATER HEATING>>> DEFINE

Solar Water Heating uses the radiation from the sun to heat water in a panel often sited on the roof which in turn can supply that heat as hot water or to a central heating system. An evacuated tube collector is generally more expensive due to a more complex manufacturing process, however they are more effective and require a smaller installation area as well as being able to heat the water to higher temperatures.

To taps

Boiler

Solar collector

Tank

Cold water feed Pump

Controller

GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP>>> DEFINE

Ground source heat pumps systems which extract heat energy from the ground or groundwater offer exceptionally high levels of efficiency. Geothermal heat pumps are similar to ordinary heat pumps, but instead of using heat found in outside air, they rely on the stable, even heat of the earth to provide heating, air conditioning and, in most cases, hot water. Integrating them with the pile foundations and then plumbing them into the ground source heat pump system is highly efficient.

In 2005, the Carbon Trust’s Biomass Sector Review highlighted the significant potential of biomass heating in the UK. It showed that carbon savings of up to 20 million tonnes of CO2 per year could be achieved using UK biomass resources alone. It also identified that using biomass for heating typically gives the most cost-effective carbon savings of all uses of biomass and that this is particularly the case for small-to-medium scale applications (100 kWth-3MWth).

An Introduction to Biomass Biomass is a form of stored solar energy and is available in a number of different forms including wood, straw, energy crops, sewage sludge, waste organic materials and animal litter. It can be viewed as a form of stored solar energy which is captured by the organic matter as it grows. This energy is released by combustion (burning) or fermentation and distillation (to produce liquid transport fuels). Biomass materials used as fuel sources can provide heat, electrical and motive power. Biomass has substantial unexploited resource potential and, in the future, could play a major role in helping the UK to meet a range of existing renewable energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets. Biomass is considered to be a low carbon technology. Although burning biomass releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, this is offset by the carbon dioxide absorbed in the original growth of the biomass, or captured in the growth of new biomass to replace the materials used. As a result, using biomass for heating results in very low net ‘lifecycle’ carbon emissions relative to conventional sources of heating, such as gas, heating oil or electricity.

A Typical Biomass Carbon Cycle

The table below shows the typical ranges of carbon emissions per unit of power achieved for biomass when used for heating and electricity conversion- relative to conventional fuels. These figures were drawn from the World Energy Council (2004) Comparison of Energy Systems Using Lifecycle Assessments. The figures include raw material supply, production, transport, energy generation and eventual disposal.

Why use a biomass heating system?

Using biomass sources for heating provides more cost-effective carbon savings than for other uses (e.g. for electricity or transport fuels). It typically offers the highest carbon savings per unit mass of biomass, and the highest carbon savings that can be obtained by using a unit of land to grow biomass8. Organisations choose to implement heating systems for a number of reasons, the key reasons are as follows: 1. Significant carbon savings 2. Operational cost savings 3. Reduced fuel price volatility 4. Wider sustainable developments benefits 5. Resource s diverted from landfill 6. Reduced exposure to climate-change related

legislation 7. Improved energy performance rating for buildings

NO TO CO2>>> DEFINE

HEAT ACCOUNTS FOR

½ U

K’S

CA

RB

ON

EM

ISS

ION

S2

The U.K has a legal requirement to reduce carbon emissions by at least 26% by 2020, & 80% by 2050 under The Climate

Change Act3 1.9% 82% on a

primary

input basis

in 2006

of to

tal

prim

ary

e

ne

rgy

co

nsu

mp

tion

relative to using fossil fuel heating

systems (considering net

emissions)

90% Using solid biomass for heating

gives reductions in carbon

emissions of around

Biomass fuels There is a wide range of sources of biomass fuels which can be broadly defined in terms of ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ sources. These sources can be grouped into five categories: 1. Virgin wood 2. Energy crops 3. Agricultural residues 4. Food residues 5. Industrial residues

Not all these sources are suitable for use in the types of biomass heating plant. The source we are focusing on for the biomass plant are a dry source - virgin wood. Virgin wood is untreated and free of chemicals and finishes. It comes from a variety of sources; forestry being it’s primary source. Other sources are: arboricultural arisings (tree surgery waste) and co-products from wood processing facilities.

Biomass Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

Biomass CHP systems, produce both heat and power and offers low carbon and low-cost energy (in the appropriate circumstances). Such circumstances would typically be where the full outputs of the CHP system (both heat and electrical) are needed and are consumed on-site and that these site electrical and heat loads are relatively continuous throughout the year. There are four conversion routes for biomass CHP systems: 1. Combustion

2. Anaerobic digestion

3. Gasification - technology are not fully

commercially mature

4. Pyrolysis - technology are not fully commercially mature

Like heat-only biomass boilers, one of the principal considerations when planning to install a biomass CHP system is its size relative to a site’s energy (electricity and heat) demands – both from an economic and environmental point of view. Typically biomass CHP systems are designed primarily to satisfy a site’s base load heat demand, on the grounds that: •Excess heat cannot be stored or exported easily. •Excess electricity can be exported via a grid connection to an electricity supplier for revenues (which may be enhanced by subsidy regimes). Having sized the system for base-load, the electricity generation capacity is likely to be fixed by the heat to power ratio of the system’s prime mover. Typically, industrial applications are well suited to biomass CHP as they tend to have larger and more continuous heating/electrical demands than commercial or smaller applications thus offering better efficiency and economics. In addition, CHP technologies for smaller applications tend to be more expensive on a unit basis and less efficient than larger systems.

Installation Considerations

NO TO CO2>>> DEFINE

Main components of biomass heating systems: Fuel Transfer System: (not part of the main plant) Fuel is transferred from the store to the plant. Fuel Feed System: The system used for transferring fuel to the plant at the required rate. Combustion Grate: The main point at which the combustion process starts. Refractory Material: aka ‘fire bricks’ (not always present). These are materials designed to reflect heat back to the grate. This drives off moisture from the fuel and maintains optimum combustion temperature. Air Feed/ Control System: Biomass needs 2 or 3 sources of air for good combustion to take place: 1. preheating phase; 2. gaseous phase; 3. solid phase. Heat Exchangers: The plant provides hot water as the heating medium, meaning the transfer of heat in the hot combustion gases to the medium (hot water).

Ash Extraction System: Automatic systems use an auger to transfer ash to an external receptacle (manually emptied). Control System: Controlling output via the fuel feed rate and air levels. Exhaust Gas Treatment System: this is to minimise emissions of particulate matter and fly ash from the plants combustion chamber. Flue Gas (Fans): Drawing the gases from the combustion chamber and through the plant heat exchanger. The flue gas fan discharges to the chimney. Flu (Chimney): Flue gases are drawn through the plant and disperses into the atmosphere at a safe level. Ignition System: Plants can be ignited automatically using either a hot air gun (smaller systems) or electrically ignited gas pilot (large system). Expansion Tank: (not part of the main plant) A key component of the system that allows the natural expansion of the water in the heating system. Fire Protection System: (not part of the main plant) This is a key requirement to prevent fire from the combustion chamber moving back in to the fuel store.

NO TO CO2>>> DEFINE

An Introduction to Hybrid Concentrating Photovoltaic and Thermal (CPVT) System

A solar electric generation system is designed to generate electricity directly from sunlight to photovoltaic PV materials. Solar collectors may employ light concentrators to concentrate solar light onto the energy transducer for effective energy conversion. To reduce cost and increase the overall efficiency of a solar system, one promising technology is to combine heat and electric power generation. Concentrated Photovoltaic's and Thermal (CPVT), also called Combined Heat and Power Solar (CHAPS), is a cogeneration technology used in concentrated photovoltaic's that produce both electricity and heat in the same module. Heat may be employed in •District heating, •Water heating & Air Conditioning, •Desalination, •Process heat.

Integration with Renewable Technology

System types: A number of PV/T collectors available can be divided into the following categories: 1. PV/T liquid collector 2. PV/T air collector 3. PV/Ta Liquid and air collector 4. PV/T concentrator (CPVT) A PV/T concentrating (CPVT) system has the advantage to reduce the amount of solar cells needed. It also can get very good solar thermal performance compared to flat PV/T collectors. The main obstacles are to provide good cooling of the solar cells and a durable tracking system.

The main parameters of CPVT system are: Generated electricity – 1.2 kWxh per day Generated thermal energy - 5.55 kWxh per day or 160 l hot water with 300 C temperature rise Dimensions of concentrator – 2 x 4 m2

Sketch diagram of the solar heating, cooling and power generation

10-30%

Conversion efficiency from sunlight to electricity For both solar thermal & solar

photovoltaic converters

2/3rds Solar energy is

rejected back to the environment

NO TO CO2>>> DEFINE

Biomass CHP within the Project: Looking at medium/ district scale power plant (15-1000kW) biomass systems. The biomass district system feeds energy from a centralised location to a number of units = the construction college/ community centre and the surrounding community housing. Far more than an educational hub, the college will be the engine of the community; both in the sense of energy production for the surrounding neighbourhood, but also a core to the community that both the students and members of public can have the benefit of. With this in in mind, it is proposed that a CHP (combined heat and power) and PV (photovoltaic) system, will provide energy to both the college and neighbouring residents. This dual system will provide a number of services, including a renewable source of electricity, as well as heating and cooling to the college. The PV system will be integrated into the large expanse of the glazed atrium roof, which will feed back to the system located within the plant room at ground level. The plant room is to the West of the site, with direct vehicular access for the delivery of woodchips (biomass).

District heating boilers are more efficient than individual domestic boilers. No individual fuel storage is required. Houses/ premises can be individually metered. Maximises space within dwellings. CHP plant has the potential to save 25% of energy, compared to the separate generation of heat and electricity. Systems require long-term planning for fuel supply and maintenance. Higher initial capital investment compared with domestic boilers. Boilers are large and expensive. Around 10% of heat can be lost in distribution.

Advantages and Disadvantages of using a CHP system:

NO TO CO2>>> PROPOSE

Design considerations

Issues • Life cycle cost

• Maintenance cost

Aspirations • Create a highly sustainable

development • Overall goal to reduce CO2 emissions

Approaches The College brief is for the new building to achieve a minimum BREEAM rating of

‘Excellent’. There are a number of design choices which will

influence the buildings environmental impact and overall sustainability, however these can be

classified into two main categories:

1 Minimising energy consumption • Building orientation and facade

articulation • Material selection

• Thermal mass • Heat recovery

2 Low or zero carbon energy source • Combined heat and power

THEORY: ENVIRONMENTAL>>> PROPOSE

THEORY: ENVIRONMENTAL>>> DEFINE

Solid Timber Environments Vapour permeable solid timber walls produce a more stable and comfortable indoor climate. →Healthy living and learning environments →Comfortable spaces made from natural materials are warm in winter and cool in summer →Non-toxic safe materials for good indoor air quality

Solid Timber Timber is a high quality raw material that can be continuously and sustainably produced from well managed forests. The forest and timber industries engage with a natural cycle of raw material production and by increasing the use of timber products, we can make an active contribution to reducing our industries CO2 emissions. Carbon Store Timber offers a number of effective strategies for reducing emissions of CO2. Timber products require significantly less fossil energy than comparable products made from steel or concrete and therefore cut emissions. By building with solid timber it is possible to offset emissions resulting from the construction process and store carbon in timber for the life of the building. →Trees convert CO2 into solid carbon →1m3 of timber as a substitute to brick or block will save approximately 0.81t of CO2 emissions. Solid Timber Construction Structural systems made from solid timber offer a fast, accurate, and robust way to construct buildings. →Bespoke manufacture of large wall, floor, and roof elements Fast, predictable on-site installation →High thermal mass for improved internal environment → Airtight building envelope

The main facade of the College uses straw-bale, an agricultural by-product; the dry stalk of a cereal plant after the grain or seed has been removed. Holbeck Construction College will raise the bar in straw-bale construction.

History of straw construction Historically, straw is seen as a useful by-product of the harvest. One of its uses was in construction, where walls made from tied bundles of long lengths of straw, stacked in mud mortar, have been constructed for centuries throughout Asia and Europe. Another ancient method, also employed in Asia and Europe, used compacted loose straw coated with a clay slip for walls. During the late 1800s in the United States, a new era of building with straw began, with the development of stationary horse-powered and steam powered balers which made it possible to compress hay and straw into string or wire-tied rectangular units called bales. These straw-bales were used for walls – which could be load-bearing, or used to infill a timber frame by the farmers whose only building material was the waste from their wheat crop. The buildings were intended to be temporary until conventional building materials were delivered. However, they found them to be solid, warm and comfortable and many continued to live in them in preference to traditional houses. The walls can be rendered with earth or lime to protect them from the elements.

Common misconceptions Three common misconceptions about straw-bales are that they are a fire risk; they can house vermin; and they are not durable. Research shows that none of the above are true. Tests have found that exposed straw-bale walls can be as effective as timber walls. Similarly, straw-bale walls that are rendered with lime can resist fire as much as brick. Mice and rats are not attracted to straw as it is not a food source. However, they are attracted to holes, therefore provided the bales are sealed (such as applying a render), they will not house vermin. As for durability, there are 100-year-old straw-bale houses in the United Kingdom. The wetter climate of the UK presents more of a challenge, but weatherproof render and good moisture barrier will ensure the straw can outlast a typical building’s 60 year design life.


Traditional straw-bale construction

Straw-bale facade


Modern technology in straw-bale construction

Pre-fabricated straw-bale panels Straw-bale construction techniques have changed little since they were developed in the 19th Century. Other building materials have evolved to suit machine-manufacturing in factories, while straw-bales are typically hand-made. This is why, even today, straw-bales are mostly used to build domestic houses. For a building on the scale of Holbeck Construction College, modern techniques are required. Whereas straw bales are often used as load-bearing walls, we are using them as insulation within a hanging curtain wall. Whereas straw bales are usually hand-laid on-site, resulting in variable quality and a longer programme, our straw bales are pre-fabricated off-site, in a controlled environment, and delivered on-site ready to assemble. However, remote manufacturing greatly increases embodied energy by requiring the transport of materials over a long distance. The College will use a manufacturing process known as the ‘flying factory’. Rather than fabricating the straw-bale panels in a distant factory, panels will be assembled in a local barn. This will also bring employment to the local community.


The timber cross-laminated frame can use ‘off-cuts’ from the lumber mill.

The solid vertical components of the facade are proposed to be formed from straw-bale panels. A typical straw-bale panel is made of three natural and sustainable materials: timber, straw and lime render. The straw element provides the necessary insulation value for the panel. The strategy is to use locally sourced straw from a neighbouring farm for the infill of the components. The timber element will be sustainably sourced, cross-laminated timber that provides structural integrity for the panel. It will need to be stained to ensure it weathers gracefully over time. The lime render is a breathable coating for the straw and protects it from moisture and the external environment. It also reduces the greenhouse gas effect. Over its lifetime, due to the cycle of lime changing from limestone to quicklime and back to limestone again, most of the CO2 released during the manufacturing process is re-absorbed during the lifetime of the plaster, thus being close to carbon neutral. The internal face of the straw-bale panel will be covered with ply lining.

Wood Straw Render (Lime)

MATERIALITY>>> PROPOSE

>>>How it’s made

It takes 3 hours to make 1 straw-bale panel.

Each full height panel is 13.5 meters long and weighs almost 2 tons.

A manufacturing process known as the

‘flying factory’ will be used to produce the modular cladding system. Rather than fabricating the straw-bale panels in a distant

factory, panels will be prefabricated in a local warehouse using local labour and delivered ready to be put in place.

With society today taking an ever more greener approach to the way we live and build our environment, more and more alternative approaches to construction are being applied. The innovative and bespoke facade cladding design pushes the boundaries of current straw-bale construction technology delivering a modern, distinctive building while using one of the oldest construction materials - straw. This is used as insulation within a curtain wall, in which each panel covers every floors of the building in one prefabricated piece. Each straw-bale panel consists of a cross-laminated timber frame filled with compressed straw and finishes with render for a natural look to the external face. The breathable coating prevents decay and protects the straw from the external environment. This particular technique allows the building to contribute to the reduction in CO2 emissions, as well as making the building close to carbon neutral.

Bales are stacked vertically into long wooden boxes, which are waterproofed and fitted to the face of the building. The sides of the boxes will be visible and eventually weather down to a silvery grey colour > > >


>>>Typical cladding detail

Timber spandrel panel

Operable window

Glazed opaque spandrel panel

Fixed window

Timber fin

Lime render (Straw-bale behind)


THEORY: ENVIRONMENTAL>>> PROPOSE

Scale model of the straw-bale panels

The straw is exposed here for illustrative purpose only. A timber back board will cover the internal face of the panel. Actual straw-bale panel will feature compressed straw and not loose straw shown here.

>>>Straw-bale panels The straw-bale panel consists of a timber sub-frame filled with compressed straw. The external face is rendered with lime for natural finish, while the internal face is lined with timber. These panels will be prefabricated in storey-high units and installed as a unitised cladding system.

>>>Timber frame/fins The timber frames and fins, where exposed, are protected by a light stain. This will prevent the timber from rotting or becoming discoloured (turning grey) through exposure to the sun. It is intended to use a stain that will retain as much of the natural feature of the timber as possible, while affording sufficient weather protection.

>>>Windows The window detail consists of operable and fixed units mounted between the straw-bale panels or timber fins. The window units will have spandrel panels to conceal slab edges. These will have an opaque glass finish.

Natural lime render will cover the external face of the panel

Appendix

011

URBAN STUDIO >>> BRIEF

Leeds City Council and stakeholders have produced a masterplan for Holbeck (similar masterplans exist for some of the other overlooked communities in Leeds). Its stated aim is:

The vision for the Holbeck area is to bring together physical regeneration ambitions, along with improving services and a vibrant local economy, to create an area that will be transformed physically, socially, economically and environmentally into a sustainable and viable community. It will offer a high quality environment in which to live, work, play and learn.

“

”

During the last decade Leeds City Centre has seen a renaissance. The skyline has dramatically changed. Money through development has been made in considerable sums. However, in stark contrast, the 'Rim' around the centre of Leeds has looked on, stagnant. Is this fair? The Urban Studio will explore the potential of the Rim, particularly to the south of the city and specifically Holbeck (as a counterpoint to Holbeck Urban Village). However, any area of the rim is valid for study if you find something really important to undertake. Areas such as Holbeck are fighting back through community led masterplans. You will find them for Holbeck, New Wortley and Beeston for example. The inspiration for Urban Studio lies in the film 'Ripples Out' which explores the disconnection between the two Holbecks. The recession provides a new context for development and how we might live in the future. Our response to climate change will be the overarching driver. PROGRAMME The Rim of Leeds (as defined by the Rim Study Document - extract below) particularly focussing on the communities to the south of the city is the area for study and the subject for analysis and reconsideration. You are invited to research, analyse and evaluate relevant factors and formulate a proposal for the sustainable redevelopment within the area. A timetable, assessment criteria and learning outcomes will be issued to accompany this brief. Identify Research, analyse, and present the relevant factors relating to Leeds / Rim (year group) From the above information each student is to select a subject of issue or interest. Investigate, analyse, interpret, map the subject matter, and (re)present as maps (individual) Define Develop a narrative based upon analysis of the issues supported by detailed study of precedent (group or individual) Suppose Develop a brief in response to the research and analysis of specific issues and present as a strategic urban design proposal (group or individual) Identify a site for development of an architectural design proposal in relation to your brief, develop the brief and state your design intentions (individual) Propose Develop an architectural proposal as a synthesis of the identified design criteria. Demonstrate a critical underpinning and methodology to your design work and apply theories and strategies utilising new and/or existing buildings to design and develop a sustainable building in relation to your strategy (individual)

URBAN STUDIO >>> BRIEF

The ten principles of one planet living are a framework to help us enjoy a high quality of life within a fair share of the earth's resources: One Planet Living is a positive vision of a world in which we are living happy, healthy lives, within the natural limits of the planet - wherever we live in the world - and we have left sufficient space for wildlife and wilderness. Globally we’re consuming resources and polluting the planet at a level forty per cent higher than the earth can renew or absorb.

Ecological footprinting shows that if everyone in the world consumed as many natural resources as the average person in western Europe, we’d need three planets to support us. If everyone consumed as much as the average North American, we would need five planets. In China and South Africa the overall average is one planet, but this disguises considerable variations between different regions and lifestyles. Carbon emissions account for around fifty per cent of our global eco-footprint.

TEN TO ONE>>> DEFINE

Using water more efficiently in buildings and in the products we buy; tackling local flooding and water course pollution.

Inclusive, empowering workplaces with equitable pay; support for local communities and fair trade.

Reviving local identity and wisdom; support for, and participation in, the arts.

Making buildings more energy efficient and delivering all energy with renewable technologies.

Reducing waste arisings, reusing where possible, and ultimately sending zero waste to landfill.

Encouraging low carbon modes of transport to reduce emissions, reducing the need to travel.

Using sustainable products that have a low embodied energy.

Choosing low impact, local, seasonal and organic diets and reducing food waste.

Protecting and expanding old habitats and creating new space for wildlife.

Encouraging active, sociable, meaningful lives to promote good health and well being.

The Ten to One ‘commandments-a guideline for the people of Holbeck to achieve a more sustainable way of living-

promoting good health and well-being

COMPONENTS>>> IDENTIFY

THE CHOICES>>> SUPPOSE

Ebenezer Howard's magnets diagram which addressed the question 'Where will the people go?', the choices being 'Town', 'Country' or 'Town-Country‘

Part of the overall strategy is to employ a holistic approach to sustainable development and the creation of an environment to promote a range of activities and lifestyle opportunities for the individual and the community. Our aim is to conserve energy, release time and promote the well-being of inhabitants in an environment akin to the original ethos of the Garden City Movement.

Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained, communities surrounded by "greenbelts" H0owever there no longer needs to be a conflict between city vs. Suburbia.

Cities are regenerating and expanding to become conurbations of regional proportion, generating stress, pollution and alienation, as well as providing a place of work, excitement and opportunity. However, the values of the Garden City at their lowest level have produced an endless suburbia, quite different to the vision of Ebenezer Howard. Suburban development now accounts for

approximately 70% of the population in the UK but suffers from being monotonous, restrictive and

conformist.

Common to all lifestyles is a limit of either time or energy to support the maintenance and upkeep of excessive private outdoor space, that can be generated in the front and rear garden. However, the individual’s ability to input to and benefit from outdoor space is vital, whether in gardening, recreation or the enjoyment of greenery and open space.

In my proposal I explore the possibility of a rich and inclusive community drawn from a diverse mix of residents, hence the proposal for a flexible way of living, with the introduction of plentiful green space and well thought of connections to the City Centre; striking the perfect balance between City and ‘rural’ living, whilst creating a strong identity of its own.

>>> SOURCES

>>>Written Publications Dean, O.A. 2002. Rural Studio: Samuel Mockbee and an Architecture of Decency. 1 Edition. Princeton Architectural Press Neufert, E. 2002. Architects' Data (3rd Edition). 3 Edition. Wiley-Blackwell Pickard, Q. (2005) The Architects' Handbook . 2nd ed. Cornwall: Wiley-Blackwell Prasad, K. and Snow, M. (2005) Designing with solar power : a source book for building integrated photovoltaics (BiPV). London : Earthscan. Crawshaw, A.C. (1997) Photovoltaics : the future of electricity generation. Dissertation: B.Sc(Hons)Construction Management, Leeds Metropolitan University, 1997. Till, J (2011). Spatial Agency: Other Ways of Doing Architecture. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge Cramer, P (1984). Living Library: Wiel Arets, Utrecht University Library. 2nd ed. Utrecht: Prestel. Salazar, J (1999). MVRDV AT VPRO. Barcelona: Actar Jodidio, P (2006). Architecture in the Netherlands. Cologne: Taschen Berkel van, B & Bos, C (2006). UN Studio: Design Models. London: Thames & Hudson

>>> SOURCES

>>>Digital Publications and References

Planning reform:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14909066 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news

UK National Statistics http://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/index.html

10 One Planet Living Principles

http://www.bioregional.com/oneplanetliving/what-is-one-planet-living/ http://www.theglasshouse.org.uk/

http://www.bdonline.co.uk/ http://www.vauban.de/info/abstract.html

http://streetswiki.wikispaces.com/Quartier+Vauban,+Freiburg,+Germany

http://www.architecture.com/HomeWise/News/ShamefulShoeboxHomes.aspx http://www.homesandcommunities.co.uk/

http://www.hta.co.uk/ www.leeds.gov.uk

www.leodis.net http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Holbeck www.holbeckurbanvillage.

co.uk

www.leeds.gov.uk/ Beestonhillandholbeck

www.leedsrisingcity.org www.cabe.org.uk

http://www.neighbourhood. statistics.gov.uk/

www.leeds.gov.uk/

Beestonhillandholbeck www.bing.com/maps/

maps.google.com

Ripples Out (Video) TED

Leeds City Library ARUP

http://www.leeds.gov.uk/

As an edited collection of research and development work from the two

years studying my Masters of Architecture, this document

was intended as an aid to the final studio portfolio.

Although impossible to cover all development work, it summarises the

main development stages of both the Urban Strategy

and Building proposal with the aim to clarify decisions

made and my inspirations and thought processes.

To be continued......

Holbeck Urban Design Strategy & Building Proposal

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Transcript of Holbeck Urban Design Strategy & Building Proposal