HLTH 2374 NOTES – CHAPTER 6

PEOPLE SHOULD SEEK HELP WHEN A MENTAL, EMOTIONAL, OR BEHAVIORAL PROBLEM SIGNIFICANTLY INTERFERES SOMEONE’S ABILITY TO FUNCTION PROPERLY.

NINE COMMON CATEGORIES:

DEPRESSION

ANXIETY

RIGIDITY – OBSESSIVE THOUGHTS OR ACTIONS; SELF DEFEATING BEHAVIOR

IMPULSIVITY – INTENSE FLIGHTINESS, ALSOHOL ABUSE, VIOLENT BEHAVIOR

IMPAIRED SOCIABILITY

COPING DIFFICULTY

UNREALITY – DELUSIONS, HALLLUCINATION, ETC.

REPEATED FAILURE

SUBSTANCE ABUSE

MENTAL HEALTH PRACTITIONERS

PSYCHIATRISTS – M.D. OR D.O.’S WITH AT LEAST 3 YEARS SPECIALIZED TRAINING

PSYCHOLOGISTS – PH. D. OR PSY.D. AND CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM

PSYCHOANALYSTS – PSYCHIATRISTS OR PSYCHOLOGISTS WITH SPECIAL TRAINING

SOCIAL WORKERS – PH.D. OR MASTERS WITH CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM

CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELOR – MASTERS DEGREE IN COUNSELING AN CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM

MENTAL HEALTH PRACTITIONERS CONTINUED:

SPECIALISTS IN PSYCHIATRIC NURSING – R.N. WITH MASTER DEGREE AND CLINICAL TRAINING, STATE EXAM

MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPOSTS – MASTERS OR DOCTORAL LEVEL TRAINING PLUS 2 YEARS CLINICAL EXPERIENCE

SEXUAL THERAPISTS - MASTERS’S DEGREE, CLINICAL TRAINING, AASECT NOT STATE CERTIFICATION

SUBSTANCE ABUSE SOUNSELORS – ASSOCIATE, BACHLORS, OR MASTERS

FINDING A SUITABLE THERAPIST MAY BE DIFFICULT:

WIDE RANGE OF PRACTITIONERS

LACK STANDARDIZATION OF TRAINING AND CREDENTIALS

MANY DIFFERENT APPROACHES MAY BE USED BY PRACTITIONERS

PERSON SEEKING HELP MAY NOT KNOW WHICH TYPE OF TREATMENT IS MOST APPROPRIATE

COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN PATIENT AND THERAPIST IS VERY IMPORTANT

SOME PRACTITIONERS USE QUESTIONABLE PRACTICES

PSYCHOTHERAPY – CONVERSATIONAL APPROACH DESIGNED TO HELP PATIENTS

MANY TYPES: PSYCHODYNAMIC TREATMENT, SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

COGNITIVE THERAPY, BEHAVIORAL THERAPY, BIOFEEDBACK, GROUP THERAPY, MARRIAGE COUNSELING, HYPNOSIS

DRUG THERAPY - ONLY WRITTEN BY PHYSICIAN

ANTIANXIETY AGENTS – MINOR TRANQUILIZERS (VALIUM, PROZAC,ETC.)

ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS – MAJOR TRANQUILIZERS – REVOLUTIONIZED THE FIELD OF PSYCHIATRY, USED MOSTLY IN INSTITUTIONS

ANTIDEPRESSENTS

ANTIMANIC AGENTS

ANTI-OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AGENTS

RITALIN – USED TO TREAT ADHD CHILDREN, MAY BE OVERUSED

DRUG COMPLICATIONS ARE AN ISSUE

ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY – NOT OFTEN USED, SOMETIMES USED FOR SEVERE DEPRESSION

PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS

INPATIENT CARE: DANGEROUS TO SELF, TO OTHERS, SPECIALIZED TRT. IS NEEDED

DRUG ABUSE PROPRAMS

SELECTING A THERAPIST

WHAT TYPE OF HELP IS WANTED?

WHICH PRACTITIONERS CAN PROVIDE SUCH HELP?

ARE THEY AVAILABLE IN THE COMMUNICTY?

HOW MUCH CAN THE PATIENT AFFORD TO PAY?

MUST SEE A PHYSICIAN FOR DRUGS

COST IS FROM $75-$150/HR

MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IS PATIENT-THERAPIST RELATIONSHIP

HOSPITAL CARE IS NEEDED WHEN:

THE PATIENT IS CONSIDERED DANGEROUS TO SELF

THE PATIENT IS CONSIDERED DANGEROUS TO OTHERS

COMMUNITY CARE IS NOT POSSIBLE

SPECIALIZED TREATMENT IS AVAILABLE ONLY IN HOSPITAL

QUESTIONABLE SELF-HELP PRODUCTS INCLUDE:

SUBLIMINAL TAPES – OF NO PROVEN VALUE

BIOFEEDBACK GADGETS

SELF-HELP INSTRUCTIIONAL PROGRAMS

BRAIN WAVE SYNCHRONIZERS

BACH REMEDIES - HOMOPATHIC REMEDEY TO CALM PEOPLE

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, HERBS, AND HORMONES - LACK STANDARDIZATION, LACK PROPER RESEARCH FOR PROOF

KAVA – RELIEVE ANXIETY

ST. JOHN’S WART & SAMe – DEPRESSION

GINKGO BILOBA – IMPROVE MEMORY

MANY VITAMINS CONCOCTIONS ARE RECOMMENDED FOR HYPERACTIVITY, AUTISM, ETC.

QUESTIONABLE PRACTICES INCLUDE:

SENSITIVITY TRAINING/ENCOUNTER GROUPS

MEDITATION

MEGAVITAMIN THERAPY – ORTHOMOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY

THE FEINGOLD DIET – DIET FREE OF SALICYLATES, ARTIFICIAL COLORS, AND ARTIFICIAL FLAVORS – REDUCED HYPERACTIVITY IN CHILDREN

TREATMENTS FOR LEARNING DISABILITIES AND AUTISM-AUDITORY INTEGRATION TRAINING, CHLEATION THERAPY, DOMAN-DELACATO TREATMENT, EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION, FACILITATED COMMUNICATION, NERUAL ORGANIZATION TECHNIQUE, NEURO EMOTIONAL TECHNIQUE, OPTOMETRIC VISUAL TRAINING

NEUROLINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING – FOR INPROVED COMMUNICATION

ATTACHMENT THERAPY-FOR NEGLECTED OR ABUSED CHILDREN

PAST-LIFE THERAPY

STIMULATION OF FALSE MEMORIES – REMEMBERING CHILDHOOD MEMORIES THAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE HAPPENED

THOUGHT FIELD THERAPY – ATTEMPTS TO ELIMINATE NEGATIVE EMOTIONS

DIANETIC AND PURIFICATION – CHURCH OF SCIENTOLOGY (DEVELOPED BY L. RON HUBBARD)

ROUTINE PERSONALITY TESTING

PSYCHIC COUNSELING – 900 NUMBERS, ETC.

MISMANAGEMENT OF PSYCHOTHERAPY

NO SEXUAL RELATIONS WITH PATIENTS

BEING TOTALLY CONFIDENTIAL

NOT ALLOWING PATIENTS TO BECOME TOO DEPENDENT

ADHERENCE TO A RESEASONABLE SCHEDULE

BOUNDARY VIOLATIONS

• REPEATEDLY TOUCHING OR HUGGING THE PATIENT

• MUCH NONTHERAPEUTIC CONTACT OUTSIDE OFFICE

• HIRING THE PATIENT OR USE AS A VOLUNTEER

• TALKING ABOUT OTHER PATIENTS

• DISCLOSING PERSONAL PROBLEMS

• GIVING OR ACCEPTING VALUABLE GIFTS OR LOANS

• ADDRESSING THE PATIENT WITH A PET NAME

• DRESSING SEDUCTIVELY

• IGNORING UNPAID BILLS FOR RTREATMENT

• PERMITTING A PATIENT TO RUN ERRANDS

• PROMOTING THE THERAPIST’S RELIGIOUS BELIEFS

• OFFERING TO JOIN THE PATIENT IN A BUSINESS VENTURE

• ENGAGING IN CULTLIKE BEHAVIOR WITH THE THERAPIST