MAX MULLER'S

HANDBOOKSFOR

THE STUDY OF SANSKRIT

THE HITOPADESA.

BOOK I.

rHURPROBSTHAIN,antal Bookseller,

Tin-:

FIEST BOOK OF THE HITOPADESA:

CONTAINING

THE SANSKRIT TEXT,

INTERLINEAR TRANSLITERATION, GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS,

AND ENGLISH TRANSLATION.

SECOND EDITION

LONDON

LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.

1884.

2,1 M-\

PREFACE.

A SERIES of Handbooks for the study of Sanskrit seems to be required at

the present moment by two classes of readers; by those who, as candidates

for the Indian Civil Service, are anxious to acquire that amount of familiaritywith the grammar and literature of the classical language of India, which is

not only useful for an honourable acquitment at the public examinations, but

serves as the best foundation for the subsequent study of the spoken vernacu-

lars ; and by that steadily increasing number of scholars who wish to gain an

elementary, yet accurate, knowledge of a language which is the key to the

secrets of Comparative Philology.There is, indeed, no lack of books in English for those who make

Sanskrit the study of their life ; and even continental scholars who wish to

acquire a sound aud profound knowledge of the ancient language and litera-

ture of India, must still have recourse to the masterworks of English scholars

such as Colebrooke, Prinsep, and Wilson. The first volume of Colebrooke's

Sanskrit Grammar, published sixty years ago, is a monument of English

scholarship which has never been surpassed by any subsequent Grammar,whether in English, German, or French. Professor Benfey's large Sanskrit

Grammar, published at Leipzig in 1852, is the only work that rivals it in

comprehensiveness and authoritativeness.* The Dictionary of Wilson, to

which is mainly due the rapid progress which Sanskrit scholarship has madein the Universities of Europe, is still the only complete thesaurus of the

language of ancient India. There are the editiones principes, the original

translations, the comprehensive essays, due to the honest industry of such

men as Sir W. Jones, Wilkins, Colebrooke, Wilson, and Ballantyne, which

will always keep their place of honour in the library of every student of

Sanskrit. But these works are available to advanced scholars only, while

the elementary books now accessible to English students who wish to beginthe study of Sanskrit, and who, in many cases, have to begin it without the

help of a master, are, with rare exceptions, edited in such a manner that theyfail in the very elements of grammar, and unnecessarily retard the progress

even of the most painstaking pupils. It has been said, indeed, with some

apparent truth, that the race of bonafide Sanskrit scholars seemed for a time

extinct in England ; but the late publications of Mr. J. Muir of Edinburgh,and Professor E. B. Cowell of Calcutta, bear witness that in Sanskrit

scholarship, too, England will always hold her own, and that, with the

* The same author has lately published a ' Practical Grammar of the Sanskrit Languagefor the Use of early Students,' London, 1863.

a

( vi )

advantages enjoyed by the members of the Civil Service in India, there will

never be wanting worthy successors of Colebrooke and Wilson men whohave not only mastered the intricacies of Sanskrit grammar, but who are

capable of reading Sanskrit MSS., and contributing towards the progress of

Sanskrit scholarship by editing texts that have never been edited before, and

translating texts that have never been translated before.

The present series of elementary handbooks is intended to comprise an

elementary Grammar for English students, a Sanskrit-English Dictionary,

and the ordinary text-books, the Hitopadesa, the Laws of Manu, the play of

&akuntal, the Nala, and such other works as may hereafter seem to be called

for either in England or in India. A Manual of Comparative Philology,

written with special reference to Greek and Latin, is likewise in preparation.

The cooperation of several eminent Sanskrit scholars has been secured.

The first volume of the^erie^contains the First Book of the Hitopades"a,

a work which, since the days of Sir William Jones, has been used as the text-

book in all Colleges and Public Examinations. The Sanskrit text has been so

arranged that even those who are not able to command the assistance of an

efficient teacher will be able by themselves to read, parse, and translate everyword of this ancient collection of Indian fables.

The first line contains the Sanskrit text in Devanagari letters, the words

properly joined according to the rules of Sandhi.

The second line gives every word transcribed in Roman letters. The

system of transliteration is that of Sir W. Jones, with a few modifications

which are now generally adopted by Sanskrit scholars. The words are

separated^ and the final and initial letters allowed to remain unaffected by the

rules of Sandhi. Compound words have been divided, and the single words

which enter into composition are given in their crude forms. Thus sarii-

skritoktishu is printed samskrita-uhtishu, but not sam-krita-uktishu, because

it is samskrita, as a ready-made word, that enters into composition with uhti.

Samskaras, on the contrary, is divided into sam-karas, thus showing the

reader that the insertion of the s, and the change of m into Anusvara, are the

result of the composition of karas with sam. According to the same systemsamunnatim is printed sam-ud-natim, rajaputras appears as rajan-putras,

upaiti as upa-eti, &c. Two advantages are thus secured : the pupil is

warned against reading the Devanagari text too mechanically by the aid of

the transliteration, and his attention is from the first attracted to the rules

which govern the composition of words.

The third line contains a grammatical analysis of every word. The space

that could be spared for this being very limited, it was necessary to use

abbreviations, a complete list of which will be found at the end of the preface.

The fourth line supplies an English interlinear translation. As far as

possible each Sanskrit word is here rendered by an English word, the suc-

cession of words in Sanskrit being preserved throughout in English. Anyattempt at English idiom was out of the question ; yet it is hoped that, by the

help of the grammatical analysis, this English transvocabulation (sit venia

verbo) may be intelligible and useful to a diligent student.

From page 38 the transliteration is discontinued. The studeTic, after having

worked his way through the first thirty-eight pages, ought to be sufficiently

familiarised with the Devanagari alphabet to be able to dispense henceforth

with the Roman transcript. In order to mark the end of words which in the

Devanugarl text are joined together with the next following won!.-, a dot

has been placed beneath the final letter, an expedient which, it is hoped, will

prove useful to the beginner, and do away with the necessity of separatingtin- final and initial letters of words which, according to the genius of the

Sanskrit language, cannot be conceived as separated from each other.

From page 68 the grammatical analysis too has been discontinued. The

student, after having read so far, may reasonably be supposed to have acquiredsuch a knowledge of the elements of Sanskrit grammar as to be able to read

the rest of the first book of the Hitopadesa with the help of a literal inter-

linear translation.

The Sanskrit text is chiefly based on that of Lakshami Narayan

Nyalankar, in his edition of the Hitopadesa, with a Bengali and English

translation, Calcutta, 1830. Deviations from that text were only resorted

to where grammar, regard for the difficulties of beginners, or decency,seemed to require it. That text was chosen as an authority, partly because

it was desirable to have, as far aa possible, the same text in the examinations

in India and in England, partly because an eclectic text, even one so carefully

elaborated as that of Schlegel and Lassen, seemed to be incompatible with those

principles of diplomatic criticism which are now adopted by all sound scholars,

not ouly in Greek and Latin, but likewise in Sanskrit and Oriental literature.

No attempt has yet been made to arrange the numerous MSS. of the Hitopadesa

genealogically, and there is hardly another work with which each copyist has

ventured to take such liberties as with this, the most popular story-book of

India. Until MSS. have been genealogically arranged, a selection of certain

plausible readings from this or that MS. is worse than useless. In my trans-

lation of the Hitopadesa, published in the year 1844, I pointed out that an

eclectic restoration of the text, even if carried out by men of taste and

profound scholarship, could never satisfy the demands of modern criticism.

As the labour of collating and classifying the MSS. of the Hitopadesa would

have been very great, and aa, owing to the nature of this popular work, the

result would always have been problematical, I determined to make no attempt

at a critical restoration of the text, but to adhere throughout to some one native

authority. The reason why I preferred the text of Lakshami Narayan Nyalan-

kar, the Bengali editor and translator of this Indian school-book, to any single

MS. of the Hitopadesa, was, as I stated before, of a purely practical nature I

wished there should be, as far as possible, a certain uniformity in the text-books

used in England and in India. I have also to confess that in cases where such

common phrases as tatha cha, aparam cha, tatha cha uktam ('and thus it is

said') would have entailed a blank space of four lines, they have sometimes

been omitted, and that the same consideration has occasionally required the

omission of certain portions in the grammatical analysis of the text.

The manuscript of the First Book of the Hitopadesa, as here printed, WMcarefully prepared for me, according to the principles just explained, by

Dr. F. Kielhorn, and I hope that the labour bestowed upon it by him and by

myself will prove useful to that daily-increasing class of scholars who wish to

acquire an accurate knowledge of the classical language of ancient India,

whether as a preparation for the study of the spoken vernaculars, or as an

introduction to the science of language.

Transliteration of the Devanagari Alphabet.

^

'

'

tarn'

tarn

karoti,'

khadati,B,

tarn

chinoti,

gachclihati,

ft ftlfrT, <t

taing

chhiualti,'

jayati,

ft

fT

'

tarn

ghoshayati,'

tai'n

nakaraiii,

'

tarn'

jhakaram,

tarn10. ~ i *

nakaram,

11.

16.

21.

tarn In ill tain tarn tarniam .. .,

takarara,"'

thakaram,'

dakaram,'

dhakaram,'

nakaram.

tain

tudati,

tarii

thakaram,

taih

pibati,

ft *nf?i,

26. tarn yati,

17.

cT

tarn'

phalam,

18.tiiiii

dadati,19.

tain

dhamati,20.

tain

nayati,

tarn"

bodhati,

27. tarn rakshati,

04 '

tarn

bliinatti,25.

tain

mochayati,

of

28. tarn labhate, 29. tarii valiati,

30. tarn srinoti, 31. tarn shakaraui, 32. laiii sarati,- 33. tain harati.

According to the same Panini, however (viii. 4, 59), this Anusvara, at the

end of words, may be (not must be) pronounced like the nasal corresponding

to the initial letter of the following word, unless that initial letter be, s/i, s,

h; to which may be added r. Hence we find

in 1- 5, d^' or ft ^fK^f^ <a" karot i or tarii karoti ;

in 6-10, ffflf ?Yf?F or ff frf?YfrT> ta" chinoti or tarn chinoti ;

in n-15, or or

in 16-20, rfrTfT or ? T> tan tudati or tain tudati;

in 21-25, fffHr^f?f or rt fa^fo tam pibati or tarn pibati.

Of the semivowels, r only has no corresponding nasal, but Zf, ^T, ^, y, 1, v,

have their corresponding nasals, written ^j, ?f, ^, or ^, ^f , ^, y, I, v. Hence,

in 26, ?f^fifrT r ft Trf^r> ^iy yati r

in 28,

in 29,

or ?

or ?f

labhate or tain labhate ;

,tav vahati or tarn vahati.

In 30-36, before S, sh, s, h, and in 27, before r, the charge of m into Anu-

svara is absolute.

All cases * are thus provided for in which an m at the end of words is

followed by a consonant. The only case not provided for is when m stands

in pausa. Here, according to the strict interpretation of Panini, as no

change of m into Anusvara is prescribed, m ought to be pronounced m.

We now come to m in the middle of words. Here Panini prescribes, first

(viii. 3, 24), that m is pronounced as Anusvara before any consonant except y,

r, I, v, and A, n, n, n, m. But this, in the peculiar style of his grammar, is onlya step to a further rule (viii. 4, 58), according to which every Anusvara that

has thus been enjoined, must be (not may be} pronounced like the nasal belong-

ing to the consonant following, except before ^, sh, s, h, where it remains

Anusvara. The long and short of these rules is, that m, in the middle of a

word, is pronounced like the nasal of the consonant following, except before

y, r, /, v, n, n, n, n, m (where no change is enjoined by viii. 3, 24), and exceptbefore s, sh, s, h (where the change of m into Anusvara, prescribed by viii.

3, 24, is not repealed by viii. 4, 58).

It is absolutely necessary, therefore, to pronounce :

0) ^flfrfT ankita, ^jf^ffT anchita, cfr^T kundita,

nandita, ^fwTrfr kampita.

It is absolutely necessary to pronounce :

^(2) 7|?ZJrf gamyate, f^t namrah, ^^: amiah

;

And it is absolutely necessary to pronounce :

*S

00 ^T^t^Trf akramsyate, ?^i[<T samskrita [likewise

yasamsi, V*f dhanumshi, where Panini treats the insertedc\

nasal as n (MM*)}

All these rules will be found carefully observed in the text of the

Hitopadesa, with one exception. In apparent defiance of Panini, the best

MSS., and I would particularly instance the MSS. of the Sarhhita and Pada

texts of the Eig-Veda, write, not ^f^rfL but ^5}'f3ffffT;not ^ffpTL but

notcffqgrTT,

but ef%7TT not Sff^rTL but 5ff^?TT; not

* A few exceptions mentioned by Panini serve only to confirm these general rules

as far as the m at the end of words is concerned. Thus (Pan. viii. 3, 25), in the compound

sam-rat, a great king, the m of sam, though according to Sanskrit grammarians, standing at

the end of a word (padante), must be pronounced as m, not as Anusvara. Hence, ^Jt^l <T

samrat, not ^J^T? samrat. But this applies to this one compound only ;hence

> samrajita, not ^^1^^! samrajita.

Again (Pan. viii. 3, 26), if initial h is followed by m, the final m of the preceding word

may either, according to the general rule, be pronounced as Anusvara, or remain m. Thus :

fsjf<i

p$r^rf?tor' f^f^f^T^n^f> M tmalayati or Aim hmdayati. The reason of this

must be found in the slight pronunciation of h before m;so that m, not h, seems to be

sounded as the initial of hmalayati. The same option is given by some grammarians with

regard to words beginning with hy, hi, Iv. Natives very commonly write Bramha, instead of

Brahma, i.e. they pronounce mh instead of km. Panini (viii. 3, 27), gives a similar option

with regard to words beginning with An. Hence, kirn hnute, or kin hnute.

( xi )

but ^f^Trrr. The reason of this is palpable : it is easier to

->nlqni than ^ffRril. What applies to writing applies with still

greater force to printing, and I have, therefore, in all my Sanskrit publica-tions, preferred the more compendious system of representing the five nasals

before the consonants of their own classes by the dot above the line. It

should be clearly understood, however, that whether we write ^fftdl or

^f%rTr> the rule of Panini, which refers to pronunciation and not to writing,

is equally absolute, and that in the middle of a word the only nasals that can

be sounded before k, kht g, gh, ch, chh,j,jh, t, fh, d, dh, t, th, d, dh, p, ph, b,

bh, are the nasals of the five classes to which these consonants belong (^,

T *U f ^T ). The dot, therefore, used in writing and printing is here

a mere graphic substitute for these five nasals, and in no way to be confounded

with the dot as the sign of the Anusvara.

At the end of words, as the pronunciation in cases 1-25, 26, 28, 29, is

optional, the dot, which in accordance with most MSS. I always prefer, mayeither be pronounced as Anusvara or looked upon as the graphic substitute for

any of the five class-nasals and of the three nasalised semi-vowels. Only, if it

precedes words beginning with r, s, sh, s, k, the final dot must be pronouncedas Anusvara. Lastly, if words ending in m stand in pausa, the final dot,

according to the strict interpretation of Panini, is to be pronounced as m.

Though this matter is in itself simple enough, it has been much com-

plicated by grammarians who did not perceive that the rules given by Panini

refer to pronunciation and not to writing, and that in Sanskrit MSS. and

native publications the dot has really two quite distinct functions :

1. It marks the sound of Anusvara at the end of words before I, sh, s, h,

and r (optionally before any consonant), and in the middle of words before

S, sh, s, h.

2. It graphically replaces in the middle of words the five nasals before

the twenty mutes, and the m at the end of words in pausa.In an elementary book like the present, the consistent use of the dot

instead of the five class-nasals in the cases described above, has the advantage

that while it removes any doubt as to the original nature of final n, n, and n,

when followed by initial sonant Palatals, Lingual?, and Dental?,* it forces

the student to practice the phonetic rules in order to be able to judge for

himself whether the dot represents the sound of Anusvara or whether it is

used as an abbreviation in place of one of the five class-nasals.

MAX MULLER.WBTMOUTH: September 1864.

* Thus(flj %} ^?f%) tin jay ft*' always represents an original fff| afijil, he

conquers them; while <jf Sf^ff^, tarn jayati, stands for an original TfTJf ^^j?T

conquers her. The nasal dot never represents an original n except in the middle of words

before t, th, d, dh. In cases like fjf^,tami cha, or fflfjf^T, mimanuti, the dot is meant

for Anusvara.

CONTENTS.

PAGE

INTRODUCTION . . i

BOOK I.

FRIEND-ACQUISITION, ILLUSTRATED BY THE STORY OF THE CROW,

THE PIGEONS, THE MOUSE, THE TORTOISE, AND THE DEER.

FABLE

I. . . THE TRAVELLER AND THE TIGER 17

II. . . THE DEER, THE JACKAL, AND THE CROW . . .37

III. . . THE BLIND VULTURE, THE CAT, AND THE BIRDS . . 39

IV. . . THE HISTORY OP HIRANYAKA, THE MOUSE . . .61

V. . . THE OLD MAN AND HIS YOUNG WIFE . . . .62

VI. . . DEATH OF THE GREEDY JACKAL 76

VII. . . THE PRINCE AND THE MERCHANT'S WIFE . . .85

VIII. . . THE JACKAL AND THE ELEPHANT 88

II

TO THE BLESSED GANESA, SALUTATION!

II

HERE BEGINS THE HITOPADESA..

Biddhis

-dhi, N.sg. -y^L.sg.n,

Success in what is to be

accomplished

uatam astu

-t,O.pl. as, 8 sg. Imp. Par.

of the good may be

pra-sadat~4&,Ab.sg.

through the

favour

tasya dhurjatesi&d.G.sg.m. -\,\,G.sg.

of that Dhurja^i,

Jahnavi-phena-lekha iva

Tip. -\&&,N.sg. Ind.

Ganges-froth-streak- like

yad-mtirdhniTtp. -dhan, L. tg.

on whose-head

fia^inas

-sin, G.sg.

the moon's

kali. (1)

-M,N.ff.

sixteenth part.

Anitas tiita-upadeSas ayam pitavamsrn. N.sg.m.past Ptc. Pats. Karm.-s&, N.sg. idam, N.sg.m, -v*,Ac.sff.

Heard friendly-advice this, skill

u

saiiiskrita-uktisha

Karm. -tl, L.pl.

in polished-expressions,

vacham sarvatra

ch, G.pl. Ind.

ofworda everywhere

vaichitryam niti-vidyam dadati cha,

-yz,Ac.sg. Ttp. -yA, Ac. g. dL,9sg.Pret.Par. Ind.

variety, behaviour-knowledKe gives and.

(2)

ajara-araara-vatInd,

Not-growing old,

not-dying-like,

prajnas vidyam artham cha chintayet

%*, N.sg.m. -y^Ac.tg. -tiM,Ac.tg. Ind. chiDt,Sv.JPo<.Par.

the wise knowledge gain and should consider,

II U

grihltas iva ke^eshu

grab, N.sg.m.past Ptc. Pass. Ind. -v^L.pl.

seized as if by the hairs

mrityunft

-yu.I.tg.

by death,

B

dharmam a charot. (3)

-ra^Ae.tg. char tntM,ttff.Pvt.Por.

virtue be should practiae.

sarva-dravyeshu vidy& eva

Karm. -ya,,L.pl. -y&, 2V. sg. Ind.

Among all-things knowledge only

dravyam ahus an-uttamam

ya, 2V.sflr. ah, 3 pi. Perf. Par. Bahuv.-ma,,N.sg.n.

a thing, they say, having nothing-beyond

aharyatvat-tva, Ab. sg.

anarghyatvat-tva, Ab.sg.

akshayatvattva, Ab. sg.

from the irremov- from the inestima- from the imperish-ability, bleness, ableness,

cha

Ind.

and

sarvada. (4)Ind.

always.

sam-gamayati vidy& eva nicha-ga api naram sarit

gam with sain, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Cans. -ya, N. sg. Ind. -ga, N. sg.f. Ind. -ra, Ac. sg. -t, 2V. sg.

It causes to meet knowledge only, low-going even a man a stream

samudram iva dus-dharsham nri-pam-dra, Ac. sg. Ind. -sha,Ac.$g.m. -pa^Ac.sg.

the ocean as, a difficult to be approached prince ;

bhagyam atas

-ya^N.sg. Ind.

happiness thence

param. (5)

-ra, Ac. sg. n. Adv.

further.

fwrrerrftvidy& dadati vi-nayam vi-nayat yati patratam

-ya, N. sg. da, 8 sg. Pres. Par. -ya, Ac. sg. -ya, Ab. sg. ya, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -ta, Ac. sg.

Knowledge gives good behaviour, from good behav. one goes to worthiness,

patratvattva, Ab. sg.

from wor-thiness

dhanam-n^Ac.sg.

wealth

apnoti

ap, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

one obtains,

dhanat

-na, Ab. sg.

from wealth

$ n

dharmam-m&,Ac.sg.

religious

merit,

tatas

Ind.

thence

sukham. (6)

-kha, Ac. sg.

happiness.

f%%vidyi 6astrasya ^astrasya

-ya, 2V. sg. -tra, O. sg. -tra, G. sg.

The know- of the weapon (and) of a learned

ledge book,

dve vidyedvi, 2V. du.f. -ya, N. dw.

two kinds of know-

ledge

prati-pattaye

tti, 1>. sg.

for acquirement,

-ya, N. sg.f.

the first

iva

-ya, D. sg.

for ridicule

vriddhatve

-tva, L. sg.

in old age,

dvitiya a-driyate-ya, 2V. sg.f. dri with a, Ssg.PresJPass.

the second is respected

sad a.

Ind.

always.

(7)

yad nave bhajane lagnas sam-karas

Ind. -va, L. sg. n. -na, L. sg. lag, 2V. sg. m. past -ra, 2V. sg.Part. Pass.

Because on a new vessel impressed an ornament

mitra - Jabhaa suhrid - bhedas vi-grabas sara-dhis eva dia

Ttp. -bha, 2V. tg. Ttp. -da, 2V. tg. -ha, 2V. tg. -dhl, 2V. tg. Ind. Ind.

Friend-acquisition, friend-separation, war, conciliation even and

It *~ II

paikha-tantrat tatha anyasmat granthat a-krishya likbyate. (9)Dmgu. -tra, Ab. sg. Ind. -y&,Ab.sg.m. -tha, Ab. tg kr'wh. with i, likh,3 sg.Pres.

Ger. Past.

from the I'anchat. and likewise from another book having drawn is written.

asti bbagirathi-tire pataliputra-namadheyam nagaram. tatra

as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ttp. -ra, L. tg. Bahuv. -ya, 2V. tg. n. -ra, 2V>flr. fnJ.

There is on the Bhagirathi-bank Pataliputra-named a town. Therein

TT*V*

sarva-svamin-guna -iipetaa su-darsanas nama nara-patis ;'i if.

Ttp. -ta, 2V. sg. m. -na, 2V. sg. -m*n,Ac.sg.Adv. Ttp. 4i.2V.s0. aa. 3 sg. Imp/. Par.

with all-lord's-qualities-endowed, Sudarsana by name a man-lord was.

sas bhii-patis ekada kena-api pa$hyamanamtad, 2V. sg. m. Ttp. -ti, 2V. sg. Ind. kim, 7. tg. m. Ind. path, Ac. sg. n. Pret. Ptc. Pat*.

That earth-lord one day by somebody being recited

61oka-dvayam susYava :

Ttp. -ya, Ac. sg. iru. 8 tg. Per/. Par.

a verse-couple heard :

aneka-sariiSaya-uchchhedi paroksha-arthasya dariakam

Ttp. -din, 2V. sg. n. Karm. -tha, G. sg. -ka, JV. sg. n.

Many-doubts-dispelling, of invisible-matter showing,

i: it v II

sarvasya lochanam Sastram yasya na asti andhas eva sas. (10)-va, G. sg. n. -na, A*, sg. -tra, 2V. sg. yad, G. tg.m. Ind. as, 3 sg. -dha, 2V. Ind. tad, 2V.

Pres. Par. sg. m. iff. m,

of everything the eye, learning whose not is, blind indeed he.

yauyanam-na, 2V. sg.

iti a-karnya atmanas putranamInd. karn with a, Ger. -man, G. sg. -ra, G. pi.

Thus having heard, of himself of the sons

an-adhigata-gastrana'mSahuv. -r&,G. pi. m.

who had not-read-books

nityam-ya,,Ac.sg.n. Adv.

constantly

unmarga-gaminam sastra-ananushthanena udvigna-manas eas raja chintayam-asa :

Ttp. -min, G. pi. m. Ttp. -na, I. sg. Sahuv. -nas, N^g.m. tad, N. -ian, chint, 3 sg. Perf.sg. m. N.sg. Par.

wrong-ways-going by the book-neglect with afflicted-mind, that king was reflecting :

wflwr: \

kas arthas putrena jatena yas na vidvan na dharmikas

kim, ff. -ih&,N.sg. -ra,J. sg. jan, I. sg. m. past yad, N. Ind. *\as,N^g,m. Ind. -ka, N. sg. m.sg. m. Ptc.Pass. sg. m.What use by a son born, who not learned, not virtuous ?

kancna chakshushS, kim vS, chakshus-pida eva kevalam. (12)

-na, /. sg. n. -shus, J. sg. kim, N. sg. n. Ind. Ttp. -da, N. sg. Ind. -la, Ac. sg. n. Adv.

api cha,y /../. Ind.

daue tapasi 6aurye-ya,Z.0.

Also and, In liberality, in penance, in heroism and, whose not

cha yasya na pratbitam manasInd. yad. O. Ind. prath, N.tg.n. -DM, 2V.

u//.m. past PtcJPass. tg.n.

praued

vidyayamy&, L. tg.

in knowledge,

H: \\ \\ [\

artba-labbe cha matus ud-charas

Ttp. -bha, L. g. Ind. -tri, 0. sg. -ra, 2V. *flr.

in wealth-acquisition and, a mother's discharge

eva sas.

Jnd. ted, N. 9ff

merely he.

(16)

aparam-r&,N.Sff. n.

Aain

cha,

Ind.

and,

varam ekas Ku?i putras *na cha inurkha-4atais api

-ra, 2V. p. n. -ka, A'. p. m. -run, N. sg. m. -ra, Njg. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ta, /. pi. /IK/.

Better one virtuous son, not and of fools- even;

<sf?t

ekas chandras

-ka, N. sg. m. -ra, 2V. tg.

the one moon

tatnas

-mas, Ac. sg.

darkness

n

hanti

ban, 3 sg. Pret. Par.

dispels,

naInd.

not

hundreds

cha

Ind.

and

tara-ganais

Ttp. -pa, I. pi.

star-heaps even.

ap.Ind.

(17)

punya-tirthe kritam yena tapasJfarw. -tha, L. sg. kri, 2V. *p. n. past. Ptc. Pass, yad, I. sg. m. -pas, 2V. sg.

At a holy-bath- performed by whom penanceing place

kva-api ati-dus-karam

Ind. Ind. Karm. -ra, 2V. sg. n.

where-ever very-difficult

wr\

tasya putrastad, O. sg. m. -ra, 2V. sg.

of him a son

vrf^r:bhavet

bhA, 3. sg. Pot. Par.

will be

vasyas sam-riddhas dharmikas

-ya, 2V. sg. m. -dhz,N.sg.m. -ka, 2V. sg. m.

obedient, prosperous, righteous,

8ii-dliis. (18)>.-dM,

wise.

artha-agamas nityam a-rogita. cha priyas cha bbary& priya-radin! cha

2Yp.-ma.2V.sp. -ya, Acjg.njldo. -tA, 2V. sg. Ind. -y&, N. sg. m. Ind. ~yt,N.*ff. Ttp.-ton.N.sgJ. Ind.

Wealth-affluence, constantly not-illness and, a friend and, a wife kind-speaking and,

vasyas cha putras artha-kari cha vidyfi, sha^ jiva-lokasya sukhani rajan. (19)

y*,N.sg.m. Ind. -n,2f.sg. Ttp.-njf.sg.f. Ind. -yt^N.tg. shash.TV. Ttp. -k, O. tg. -kha.2V.pt. -Jan, V. sg.

obedient and a son, useful and a craft, the six of man-kind pleasures, O king.

kas

kim, 2V. sg. m.

Who

dhanyas bahubhis putrais kusula-upurann-adliakuii,

-ya, 2V. sg. m. -hu, /. pi. m. -ra, /. pi. Karm. -k, /. pi.

wealthy through many eons, granary-filling-measures ?

fifrrr n \ 11

varam ekas kula-alambi

jn.,N.sg.n. -ka, 2V. sg. m. Ttp. -Un, tf. sg. m.

better one family-upholdin ,

yatra vi-firuyate

Ind. &r*v>ith\i,Z*g. Pret. Pass,

in whom is renowned

pitA. (20)-tri, 2V. *.

the father.

rina-karta

Ttp. -tri, N. sff. m.

A debt- contractin

pita

-tri, N. sg.

father

satrus

-ru, N. sg.

an enemy,

mata

-tri, N. sg.

a mother

cha

Ind.

and

vi-abhi-charini

-rin, N. sg.f.

wanton,

bbarya rupavatiya, A', sg. -vat, N. sg.f.

a wife beautiful

satrua

-ru, A", sg.

an enemy,

putras-ra, A7

, sp.

Satrus

-ru. A7, s^.an enemy

a-panditas. (21)Karm. -ta, AT. *#. ?.

not-learned.

f^IT

an-abhyase vislfam vidya a-jirneKarm. -sa, L. sg. -slia, AT. sg. -ya, N. sg. Karm. -na, L. sg.

In want of practice poison knowledge, in indigestion

bbojanam visliam

-na, N. sff. -aha, N. sg.

food poison,

visham

-sha, N. iff.

poison

sabhsl

-bha, N. sg,

company

ii ^^ H

daridrasya vriddbasya taruni vishnm.

-ra, O. sg. m. -dha, G. sg. m. -na, N. sg.f. -sha, A7. <;.

of the poor, of an old man a young wife poison.

(22)

yasya kasya pra-sutasyad, G. sg. m. kim, G. sg. m. su with pra, N. sg. m. past

Ptc. Pass.

Of whom - soever engendered

apiInd,

gunavan pujyate nara3

-vat, A7", sg. m. puj, 3 sg.Pres. Pass, -ra, N. sg.

also, virtuous is honoured a man,

dhanus variisa-vis'uddhas

~nu, N. sg. Tip. -dha, N. sg.m.

a bow stem-faultless

api nis-gunas kim karisbyati. (23)Ind. Bahuv. -na, A'', sg. m, kim, Ac. sg. n. kri, 3 sg. Fut. Par,

also, stringless what will it do P

Ah, ah, O boy,

na adhi-ita

Ind. \ with adhi, V. sg. m. pastPtc. Pass.

not-learned,

ha h& putraka na adhi-ita su-gataInd. Ind. -ka, F. sg. Ind. i trtfA_adhi, F. ^. TO. pawf Karm. -ta, F. flr. t.

pleasantly-faring

II ^8 II

tena tvam vidusham madhye panketad, J. #. . yushmad, N. sg. -vas, G. pZ. . -ya, L. sg. -ka, X. sg.

therefore thou of the learned in the midst, in a mire

etasu ratrishu

etad, L. pl.f. -ri. L. pi.

in these nights !

gang iva sidasi. (24). Ind. sad, Zsg.

Pres. Par.

cow-like, thou sittest.

tad kathamInd. Ind.

Then how

idaniin ete mama putrSs gunavantaa kriyantam ?

Ind. etad, N. pi. m. asmad, G. sg. -r&,N.pl. -vat, N. pi. m. kri, 3 pi. Imp. Pass.

now these of me the sons virtuous shall be made ?

ahara-nidra-bbaya-maithunamDoandva. -na, AT. iff.

Feeding-sleep-fear-love

cha samanyam etad pasubhis naranamInd. -ya, N. sg. etad, A', sg. n. -su, 7. pi. -ra, G. pi.

and common pro- this with animals of men,

perty

(7 )

dharraas bi teshum adhikas

. Ind. i&d,G.pl.m. -

vi-seshiw dliarniona liinAs

ha,A'.p/.m. -$u,/.p/.ptut.Pt,: Pan.

Virtue for of them the ndili- special pro- of virtue deprived withani-tional perty ; mala

it ^ 11

puSubhis sanianis. (25).A'.p/.i/>.

equal.

yatas,Ind.

For,

dharniu-artlia-kama-moksbai.utinDvandva. -sba, O. pi.

Of virtue-wealth-desire-final

liberation

yasya ekas

yad, G. fg. m. -ka, N. tg. m.

of whom one

api na vidyateInd. Ind. vid, 3 sr. Prm

Pott.

even not is known,

aja-gala-stanasya iva tasya janmaTtp. -na, G. sg. Ind. tad, O. *g. m. -man, N. sg.

of the he-goat-throat-nipple like of him the birth

nis-arthakain. (26)liafiuv. -ka, JV. </. .

useless.

eva

Ind.

cha

Ind.

yad cha uchyate, ay us karma cha vittam clia vidyil ni-dhanam

yad, A'. Ind. vach,39ff.Pres. -yus,lf.$g. -m&n.N.sg. Ind. -ta, N.g. Ind. -y&,N.Sff. -na, Ar. gr.

sg. n. Pass.

What and is said, Life, action and, riches and, know- death even and,

ledge,

paficha etani api srijyante garbha-sthasya-chan, A". etad,J\T.p?.. Ind. srij,3p<.Pre*.Po*r. Ttp. -gtha, G. sg.m.

five these also are produced of the in the womb-standing

eva

Ind.

even

dehinas. (27)-lrin,G.ty.m.

being.

kim-cha

Ind.

Moreover,

avasyiun-bhavinag

-vin, A*, pi. m.

Necessarily-becoming

bhavas bhavanti mahat&m api

-va, N. pi. bhft, 3 pi. Pret. Par. -hat, <?. pi. m. Ind.

the conditions are of the great even;

nagnatvam-tva, N. sg.

the nakedness

nila-kantliasyaBahuv. -Jha, G.sg. m.

of the blue-necked,

maha-ahi-Sayunam hares. (28)Ttp. -na, N. g. -ri, G. tg.

the on the great-serpent-lying of Hari.

api cha, yad a-bhavi

Ind. Ind. yad. A7. Karm.-vm,sg.n. N.sg.n.

Also and, What not-to be,

na tad bhavi bhavi ched n tad anyatliaInd. tad.A". -vin. M -vin, A7. Ind. Ind. tad, A'. Ind.

tff.n. tg.n. sg.n. tg.*.

not that to be ;to be if, not that otherwise,

ftf

iii

Ind.

thus

chinta-visha-ghnas ayam a-padas kim

Ttp. -ghna, A', sg. m. idnm.N.$g. m. da,A".*y. Ind.

reflection-poison-destroying this medicine wiiy

na piytte? (29)Ind. pa, 3 ty. Pnt. Part.

not is drunk ?

etad karya-akshamanam kesham-chid alasya-vachanam.etad, 2f. sg. n. Tip. -ma, G. pi. m. kim, G. pi. m. Ind. Tip. -na, N. ay. n.

This of duty-incapable of some the laziness-speech !

naInd.

Not,

daivam api

-va^Ac.tg. Ind.

fate even

sam-chintyachint with sam, Ger.

reflecting on,

tyajet

tyi$,Zsff.Pot.Par.

one should give up

ud-yogam atmanas

-ga, Ac. sg. -man, G. sg.

the exertion of one self,

II II

an-udyogenaKarm. -ga, I. sg.

with no-exertion

tailani

-la, Ac. pi.

snsaraum oil

tilebhyas

-la, Ab. pi.

from sesamum seeds

naInd.

not

dptumap, Inf.

obtain

arhati. (30)arh, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

one can.

anyad cha, udyoginam purusha-simham upa-eti lakshmls,

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. -gin, Ac. sg. m. Karm. -ha, Ac. sg. i 'with upa, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -ml, N. sg.

Again and, The exerting himself man-lion approaches Fortune,

daivena

-va, I.sff.

*

by Fate

deyamd&,N.sg.n.Fut.Ptc.Pass.

it must be given,'

hi

Ind.

thus

ka-purusha's

Karm.-^as^N.pl.

weak-men

vadanti,

vad.Spl.Pres.Par.

say ;

daivam ni-hatya kuru paurusham-\A,Ac.sg. han with ni, Ger. liri,2sg.Imp.Par. -sha, Ac. sg.

Fate down-striking do a man's work

1s( ?f<T 1t<(f *T t^^ucf ^TT S^f ^Tf II

yatne krite yadi na sidhyati

-na^L.sg. T^,L.sg.m. Ind. Ind. aidh,Ssg.Pres.Par.past Ptc. Pass.

The effort having been if not there is success,

made,

yatha mrid-pinda-tasTtp. -da, with Ab. off. l&a

from a clay-lump

kartfl. kurute yad-yad ichchhati

-tri.ff. ig. at. k ri, 3 0. PrM. Alt*. yad, ^lc. ?. *. ih, 3 ?. PrM. Par.

the worker makes for himself whatever he wishes,

evara atman-kritam karmaInd. Ttp. -ta, Ac. tg. n. -m*.\\,Ac.sg.

thus the by himself-done action

uiiinavas prati-padyate. (34)

-\&,N.sg. \>sAu>Uhyn\.\,Z*g. Prvt.Atm.

man obtains.

kaka-tuliya-vat pra-aptam drishtva

Ind. ftp with pr, Ae. dria,Oer.fff.m.post Ptc. Pots.

As-in (the story of) the reached having seen

Crow-and the Paluafruit,

apInd,

ni-dhlm

-dhi, Ac. tg.

a treasure

agra-tas-ra with Ab. off. taa

in front,

naInd.

svayamInd.

not of itself

daivam a-datte

-v*,N.sff. d6.with&,Zg.Pres.Atm.

fate takes (it) up,

purusha-arthamTtp.-\\\&,Ac.tg.

man's-exertion

apa-ikshate. (35)iksh with apa,

3 tg. Pret. Atm.it expects.

ud-yamena-ma, /. tg.

Through exertion

f%

hi sidbyanti karyanlInd. sidh,3pJ.Pr.Par. -ya.JV.pi.

indeed succeed works,

naInd.

hi

Ind.

not indeed

suptasya siiiihasya

svap, O. tg. m.patt. -lia, G. tg.Ptc. Pats.

of the sleeping lion

naInd.

not

manas-rathaia

Ttp. -ih^I.pl.

through wishes,

pra-visiinti mukhe mrigas. (36)vis with pra, 3 pi. -kha, i. fr. -ga, N. pi.

Pret. Par.enter into the mouth the deer.

matri-pitri-krita-abhyasasliahuv. -sa, N. sg. m.

By mother-and father-made-to study

gunitam-ta, Ac. tg.

to the state of a

virtuous man

eti balakas

i,Ztg. Pret. Par. -liA.If.iy.

comes a child,

na garbha-chyuti-matrenaInd. Ttp. -ra, I. sg.

not by birth-alone

putras bhavati

-n,N.tg. Vbfi,*tg. Pret. Par.

a son becomes

ponditas. (37)-\A,N.sg.m.

learned.

siitrus pita. tg. -ru,N.tg. -tfi, N.tg.

The mother an enemy, the father

vairi yena balas naInd.

hostile, by whom a boy not

pa^hitaspath. A'. 49. m.

pott Ptc. Pott. Ca*t.

made to study,

na fiobhate sabha-madhye haifasa-madhye rakas yatlia.

Ind. gubh.3 tg. Pres. Aim. Ttp. -ya, L. tg. Ttp. -ya, L. tg. -ka, A'. ? Ind.

not does he shine in an assembly-mtdst, in the flamingo-midst a crane like.

(38)

rupa-yauvana-sampannasTtp, -na, N. pi. m. (rt. pad with sam, past Ptc. Pass.)

Beauty-youth-endowed

visala-kula-sambhavils

Eahuv. -ya, 2V. pi. m.

of noble-race-sprung,

vidya-hinasTtp. -na, 2V. pi. m. (rt. ha)

knowlede-destitute ones

sfq

murkhas api

-Ui&,N.sff.m. Ind.

A fool also

na sobhante nis-gandhas iva kimsukas. (39)Ind. iiuVh y 3pl. Pres.Atm. Eahuv.-dl\&,N.pl.m. Ind. -ka, 2V. pi.

not shine, scent-less like kirnsuka flowers.

vastra-veshtitas

Ttp.-ta.,N,sff.m.(rt.ves\\t).

garment-dressed,

s"obbate tavat sabhayamsubh, 3 sg. Pres. Atm. -v&t,Ac.sg.n.Ado. -})\i&,L.sg.

shines so long in an assembly

tavat

-vat, Ac.sg.n.Adv.

So long

cha

Ind.

4obhate

subh. 3, s^.Pres.Atm.

and shines

murkhas

-kha, TV. sg. m.

a fool

yavat-v&t,Ac.

Adv.as lon as

.n.

II 8 II

kim - chid

kim,Ac.sg.n. Ind.

anything

na bh&shate. (40)Ind. bhash, ,,3 sg.

Pres.Atm.not he says.

etad chintayitvfi, sas raja pandita-sabham karitavan.

etad, Ac. sg. n. chiiit, Ger. tad, 2V. sg. m. -jan, 2V. sg.m. Ttp. -bha, Ac. sg. kri, 2V.flf. m. post Ptc. Par. Caiis.

This having thought that King a wise men- caused to be made.

assembly

raja

-jan, N.sg.

The King

uvacha :

\&ch,3sg.Perf.Par.

said :

bhoInd.

O

bhos

Ind.

ye

panditas,

-ta,,V.pl.m.

wise,

^ruyatam ;

sru, 3 sg. Imp. Pass.

be it heard ;

asti

as, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

Is there

kas-chid evam-bhutas vidvan yas mama putranam nityamkim, 2V. sg.m., Ind. Karm.-ia,,N.sff.m. -vzs,N.sg.m. y&d,N.sg.m. asmad, G.sg. -rz,G.pl. Ind.

anyone such a sage, who of me of the sons constantly

unmarga-gaminamTtp. -min, G. pi. m.

wrong-ways-going,

an-adhigata-sastranam idS,nira niti-sastra-upadesena punar-janmaHahuv. -ra, G. pi. m. Ind. Ttp. -sa, I. sg. Karm. -man, Ac. sg.

who have not-read-books, now by behaviour-book- again-birthinstruction

karayitum"kri,Inf.Caits.

to effect

sam-arthas?

-tha, 2V. sg.m.

(is) capable ?

yatas, kachas kaiichana-samsargat dhatte

Ind. -cba,2V. sg. Tip. -ga, Ah. sg. dha, 3 sg. Pres. Atm.

For, Glass from gold-proximity accepts

marakatim dyutim-ta.,Ac.sg.f. -i\,Ac.sg.

emerald splendour ;

( 11 )

tatha sat-sannidlianena

Ind. Tip. -ua. /. tff.

thus through the good- vicinity

inurklias

-kha, JV. </. m.

afoul

yati

y&, 3 sg. Prei. Par.

goes

pravinatam.-Uk.Ac.sg.

to cleverness.

(41)

uktam

f%

hiyate tata

-ta, V.sg.

cha, hiyate hi matis

vach, N. sg. n. Iiul. ha, 3 sg. Iitd. -ti, N.sg.past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Puss.

Said and, It is low- truly the intelli- my dear,ered gence,

hinais saha

\ib, I. pi. m. past Jnd.Ptc. Pass. Prop.

low persona witU

sam-a-gamat-ma, Ah. g.

throughintercourse,

samais cha samatum eti vi-siuh^als cha visirihtalum.

m&, I.pl. m. Ind. it^Ac.sg. i, 3 sg. Pres. Par. -i&,I.pl.tn. Jnd. -it^Ac.sg.

with equals and to equality it goes, with distinguished and to distinction.

(42)

atra antare vishnuarman-nama maha-panditas sakala-niti-sastra-tattva-jiiasInd. -r*,L.g. ahuv.-mtm, ft.sp.m. Karm.-i^N.sg.m. Ttp.-ya^N.sg.m.

There meanwhile Vishnuarman-named a great-scholar of all-behaviour-books-the

essence-knowing

brihas-patis iva abravit: deva, maha-kula-sambhutas etc rajan-putras ;

Ttp.-i\,N.sg. Ind. brti.Ssg.Impf.Par. -va, V.sg. Tlp.-t&,N.pl.m. etad.JV.p2.rn. Tip. -n, ff.pl.

Brihaspati like spoke : Sire, from a great-family- these king's-sons ;

sprung

tad

Ind.

therefore

inav'i iiitiia

asmad, 7. sg. -t\,Ac.sg.

by me behaviour

grahayitum akyante.grab, Inf. Cam. sak, 3plJ>res. Pass.

to accept they can be made.

yataa,Ind.

For,

na a-dravye ni-hita

Ind. Karm. -ya, L.sg. Ab6.withni,N.sgS.past Ptc. Pass.

Not on aworthless- bestowed

object

ka-chid

kim.JV. Ind.

sg.f.

any

kriya

-yti.N.sg.

labour

phalavati

-v,t,2f.sg.f.

bhavet

bhA, 3 sg.Pot. Par.

fruitful can be,

na vyapara-satena api 6uka-vat pat'iyate vakas (43)Ind. Ttp. -ta, /. sg. Ind. Ind. pafch, 3 sy. Prestos*. Caus. -ka, AT

. tg.

not by a hundred of exertions even parrot-like is made to talk a crane.

anyad cha, asinin tu nis-gunam gotre na apatyam upa-jayate

-ya, JV. sg. n. Ind. idam, L. sg. n. Ind. Bahvv. -na, Njsg.n. -r. L. sg. Ind. -ya, N. sg. jan wiM up^ S. sg. Pnt.

Again and, In this but void-of virtue family not offspring is born,

a-kare padma-raganamra, L. sg. Bahuv. -pa, (?. p.'.

In a mine of rubies

II 88 II

janma kacha-mancs kutas.

-roan, N. sg. Karm. -ni, G'. sg. Ind.

the production of crystal whence?

2

(44)

atas aham shash-masa-

abhyantareInd. asmad, N. sg. Tip. -ra,, L. sg. yushmad, G. sg. -ra, Ac. pi.

Therefore I in a six-months- of thee the sons

interval

tava putrdn niti-sastra-abhijnan karishyami.

Ttp. -jSa, Ac. pi. m.

behaviour-book-

knowing

kri, 1 sg. Put. Par.

will make.

raja

-jan, N. sg.

The king

sa-vinayamAvyay.

tad etesh&mInd. etad, Q. pi. m.

Therefore of these

asmat-putranam niti-lastra-upade^aya bhavantas pra-manam.Tip. -ra, O. pi. Tip. -Sa, D. tg. -vat. N. pi. m. -na, tf. tg.

of us-the SODS for the behaviour- jou the authority.book-instruction

Itl

Ind.

Thus

iiktvii

vach, Gtr.

having said

I

tasyatad, O. tg. m.

of that

vislmu-sarmanas

-man, O. tg.

Vishnusarman

bahuumna-purahsaram putranInd. -ra, Ac. pi

by respect preceded the sous

sam-arpitavan.rl, with sam, N. sg. m.past. Ptc. Par. Cans.

he made over.

II

MITRA-LABHAS.

Ttp. -bh*,N.sff.

FRIEND-ACQUISITION.

a-sadhanas vitta-hinas buddhimantas suhrittamas

Bahuv. -na, JV. pi. m. Ttp.-ixa,,N.pl.m.(rt.\\&). -mat,, N. pi. m. su-hrid, JV. pi. m. Superl.

Having no-means, of wealth-destitute, the wise, (if) very friendly,

sadhayanti karyani3ad)i, 3 pi. Pres. Ac. sg. ., Adv. -ya, Ac. pi.

Par. Caus.

kaka-kurma-mriga-akhu-vat. (1)

Dvandva, with off. vat, Ind.

accomplish quickly purposes like-the crow-the tortoise-the deer-the mouse.

rajan-putras

Ttp. -ra, N. pi.

The princes

(ichus :

vach, 3 pi. Perf. Par.

said:

katham etad ?

Ind. etad, N. sg. n.

'How that?'

vishnu-sarma kathayati :

.man, N. sg. kath, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

Vishnusarman relates :

asti godavari-tire

as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ttp. -ra, L. sg.

There is on the Godavari-bank

viSalas

( 15 )

kritantam

-ta, Ac. tg.

Death like

iva

Ind.dvitiyam

. w.

a second,

a-yantamyl with a. Ac. sg. m.

Ptf. Pros. Par.

approaching

vyadham-dha, Ac. sg.

a hunter

apafiyat. tarn

drii, 3 tg. Imjtf. Ud, Ac. tg. m.Par.saw. Him

ava-lokya achintayat : adyalok with ava, Ger. chint, 3 sg. Itnftf. Par. Ind.

having seen he reflected : To day

pratarInd.

early

eva amslita-darlan&m

Iml. Ttp. -na. ff. *u.

indeed of unwished-the sight

\ *

j;itam

;

Jan, A', srf. n. pastPtc. Pass.

produced ;

na

Ind.

not

jane

a,l. Pret.Atm.

do I know,

kirn

Ac. tg. n.

what

an-abhimatam

Karm. -ta, Ac. sg. n.

(rt. man with at>hi)

disagreeable

darsayishyati

drii, 3 sff. Put..ii. I'fir. Cuut.

it will show.

iti

Ind.

Thus

uktva tad-anusarana-kramena vy'ikulas

vach, Ger. Ttp.-msk, I. sg. -la, A', sg. m.

having said by way-of following-bim perplexed

chalitas.

chal, N.sg.m. past Ptc. Past,

he moved about.

yatas,Ind.

For,

soka-sthana-sahasriini

Ttp. -ra, N. pi.

Of sorrow-occasions-thousands,

bhaya-sthana-Satani cha

Ttp. -i&,y. pi. Ind,

of fear-occasions-hundreds and

f^?$ f^W ^divase divase

-sa, L. sg. -sa, L. sg.

by day by day

mudhamruuh, Ac. sg. m. past

Ptc. Pass.

the fool

a-visanti

vis, with a, 3 pi.Pres. Par.

approach,

Ind.

not

panditam. (2)

-ta, Ac. sg. m.

the wise.

I

anyad

-ya N sg. n.

Again

cha, vishayinamInd. -yin, G. pi. m.

and;

Of men of the world

id a in

idam, N. sg. n.

this

avasvam kartavyam.Ind. kri, N. sg. n. Ptc. FtU.Pan.

surely to be done.

ud-sthayaBtha with ud,

Ger.

Having risen,

ud-sthayast ha, with ud,

Ger.

having risen,

boddbavyambudh, .\. sg. n.Ptc.Fut. Pass.

it is to be thought,

iiKili.it bhayam upa-sthitam,-t. N. sg. n. -ya, A', sg. stha, with upa. A7, sg. n.

past Ptf. Pass.

great danger impending,

marana-vyadhi-aokanamJ> rfind ni. -ka, G. pi.

of death-sit-kness-sorrow

kim adyakirn, N. sg. n. Ind.

which to-day

ni-patishyati ? (3)

pat, with ni, 3 sg. Put. ii. Par.

will fall down ?

atha tena

Ind. tad, I. sg. m.

Then by that

vyadhena-dha, 7. sg.

hunter

tandula-kanln

Ttp. -pa, Ac. pi.

rice-grains

vi-kirya

kji, with vi, Gr.

having scattered,

jalam-1m, JV. st.

a net

vi-stirnam ; sas

stri, with vi, JV. sg. n. tad, JV. sg'past Ptc. Pass.

was spread ; he

aham ekada dakshina-aranye chnran apa.syatn, eka* vriddha-vyaghrasuinad, Ind. Karm. -ya, L. tg. char, N. tg tn. dr, 1 tg. eka, AT. Karm. -ra, A'. ,

A'. *jr- Prw. Pte. Par. /wfl/". Par. jr. w.

1 once in the south- roaming saw, An old-tigerern-wood

JKJ*< Pte. Pott.

bathed

kuSa-hastas saras-tire

linhuv. -ta, N. tg. m. Ttp. -ra, A tg.

with kusa grass- on a lake-bankin his hand

i <mtgrihyatam !

brute : bho'.Pret.Atm. Ind.

says': Ho,

bhos

/<f.

ho,

pantha,-tha, V.tff.

wanderer,

idam

idara, JV. v. .

this

suvarna-kankanam

Ttp. -na, Ar. tg. grah, 3 .1/7.

7;/i/). Past.

tatas

/n</.

loblia-akrislitena

ZYp.-^a I.sg.m.(rV.kri'sh tei</t a)

gold-bracelet may be taken ! Then by a desire-attracted

kena-chid panthenakim, Ind. -tha, 7. 0.7. *y. in.

some wanderer

S-luchitam :

loch with a, JV. s^.7*. JXMi PAS. P<U.

it wad considered :

bhagyena-ya, /. 55-.

luckily

ctnti

etad, N.sg. n.

thia

sam-bliavati ;

bhd with sam,3 tg. Pro*. Par.

happens ;

kira-tu

Ind. Ind.

but

asm in

idam, L.

.*"*in this

fitman-sandehe

Ttp. -ha, L. tg.

life-risk

pra-rrittis

\A,N.sg.

enaement

na vi-dheya;Lid. dbawMvi, N. sg.f. Ptc. Put. Pott.

not to be made ;

sft

yatas,Ind.

For,

nn-isbtat ishta-1 bheKarm. -fa Ttp. -bba, L. tg.

Ab. tg. (rt. ish).

From an on pleasure-

unpleasantone reception

apiInd.

naInd.

even not

gatis

-ti, If. tg.

a result

jayate

jau, 3 jta.fret. Aim.

is produced

ubha,

-bha,Ar.

tg.f.

prosperous,

yatraInd.

where

aste visha-samsargasas, 3, tg. Ttp. -ga, A^ tg.

there lies poison-mixture,

Jfan II

( 18 )

<IT*W

tad ni-rupayamitad, Ac. rftp with ni, 1 sg.

sg. n. Pres. Par.

That I investigate

tiitrti purvasInd. -va. A'. g. m.

There the former

chalur-vargasI)ri0n. -g, \.*0. m.

four-collection

dambha-arthaiu apiIud. (-tha, Ac.u.) Ind.

for simulation's sake also

*evyate ;

ev, 3 v- PTM. POM.

Lt attended to;

uttarad tu

-n, If. sg. m, Itul.

the latter but

cliatur-vargaa

bvigu. -n, N.*ff.

four-collection

||inali;'i-:ttm;mi eva

liahuv. -iran, L. tffM. Ind.

ill the great-minded, onlj

mama cha

asiiiiid, Ind.O. sg.

Of me and

etfivan loblia-virahas

-vat, N. Tt'p. -lia. ff. g.

ty. m.such desire-freedom

lisl-fliuti (8)

*y.Pre*.Par.

stands.

yena sva-hasta-stham api suvarna-kankanam

yad,/.v.'/. w. 2Vj>. -stha, Je. sg.n. Ind. Ttp.-n*,Ac.tg.Ado.tliat in the own-hand- even the gold-bracelet

standing

yusmai kasmai-chid datum iehcliharai. tatlia api vyaghms nii'mushara khadati

yail, D. kim.D. Ind. da, Iof. M\,lty. Ind. Ind. ~r*,N.tg. -slia, Ac. tff. khAd.S.sg m. tg. m, Prea. Pur. Par.

to any-body to give I wish. So even, 'the tiger the man devours,'

iit loku-pravfwtasInd. Tip. -da, N;*g,

thus the world-report

-ra, JV. s<7. w.

diflicuit-to be overcome.

I

yata, gata-anngatikas lokas

Ind. Eahue. -ka, ^V. sg. m. -ka, Njg.

For, The predecessor-following world

kuttniiin

-nl, Ac. sg.

a bawd

pramiiuayatipraminaya, 3*^. Pros. Par.

holds up as a model

nas

asnuul.

to us

dharme-lua. /...vi/.

in virtue,

yatha

upa-desinim-sin, Ac. sg.f.

as instructress

II *- II

go-ghnam api dvi-jam. (9)Ttfi.-na...1c.ty.m. Ind. -\*,Ac.*g.m.

a cow-killing aUo a twice-born.

i

maya cha dharma-sastrani adhi-itani. $r!nu !

asmad, /. ty. Ind. Tip. -ra, N. pi. i with tdhi, .V. pi. n. patl Ptc. Pott. fini, 2. iff. It*p. Par.

Byrne and of religion-tbe books read. Listen;

niaru-stlialyam

Tip. -11, L. so.

In a desert-place

yathaInd.

vrishtis

-\\,N.tg.

rain,

kshudha-arte bhojanam tatha,

Ttp. -ta, L. tg. m. -na, JV. tg. Ind.

in the hunger-pained food thus,

dnridre

-r, L.sg.in.

Unto a poor

tla,

diyate

^a- /'j'w. Pott.

is given

danuiu sa-phalam-na, -V. tg. Buhuc. -U, A'. *j

a gift fruitful,

01

pfuulu-uandana. (10)Ttp. -n, V. tff.

O Pandu-son.

T?Tirr *raT<?pTt snter

pranaspa, 2V. 3>Z.

Life

yatha2nd,

atmanas abhi-ishtas bhutanam

-ta, G.pl.n.-man, G. sg. ish with abhi, 2V. pi. m.

past Ptc. Pass.

of oneself dear, of living beings

apiInd.

also

te

tad, 2V.

pi. m.it

tatha

2nd.

thus,

atman-aupamyenaTtp. -ya, /. sg.

Through self-comparison

bbuteshu

-ta, L. pi. n.

unto living beings

dayam-ya, Ace. sg.

sympathy

kurvanti sadhavas. (11)-dhu, 2V, pi. m.

the good.

kri, 3 pi.Pres. Par.bestow

aparam cha, prati-a-khyanera, 2V. sg. . Ind.

Another and,

-n^L.sff.

In refusin

cha dane cha

Ind. -n&,L.sg. Ind.

and, iu granting and,

sukha-duhkhe priya-apriyeDoandva. -kha, L. sg. Dvandva. -ya, L. sg.

in pleasure- in pleasing-

(and) pain, (and) displeasing,

atman-aupamyenaTtp. -ya, I. sg.

through self-comparison

anyad

(22 )

svu-'uhuvas

Kami, -va, JV. *<7.

the inborn-disposition

eva

^rtf?ret

dasan-suta-kara-dlmri jyotisbainTip. -rin, A", sg. w. -tin, O. pi.

ten-hundred-rjys-bcaring of the lights

apvidbus

-dim, 2V.flr. //.

tbe moon even

madhya-diariTip. -rin, Jf.sg.ni.

in the midst-wandering

vidhi-yogA.t grasyate rahuna asan ;

Ttp.'f&Al.sff. fn,Zsg.Pres.Pass. -hu, 7.*?. aUw, A'.ay.m.

through fate-conjuncture is devoured by Rahu be;

likhitam apiInd.likh, Ac. .iff. 11. past

Ptc. Past.

what is written even

lalate pra-ujjhitum-t*, L. sg. njjh with pra, Iitf.

on the forehead to-escape

kas sam-nrthas? (20)kiun, N.sg.n. -tha, A7

. ?..

wlio able?

iti chintayan eva asau vyagbrena vi-a-paditas khdditas cha. atas

Ind. ohint, AT. sg. m. Iiul. &ds, N.sff.m. -ra,7. sp. pailtt'tf/tviam/a, k had, A'. sg.m. Ind. Ind.Plc.Pres.Par. AT

. sg. m. past Ptc. past Ptc.Pass.Pass. Cans.

Tbu? reflecting even he by tbe tiger killed, eaten and. Therefore

nhani bravimi: kankanasya tu loUterai

asmail, A', sg. brft, 1 sy. -na, G. sg. Ind. -blia, 7. sg.Pres.Par.

I say: 'of gold but throughdesire,

.1 *

iti-adi.

Ind.

atas savvatba a-vicharitam

Ind.

karma na kartavyam.-man,A

T

.jr. Ind. kri, K.sg.n. Ptc. Put. Pass.

act not to be done.

yatas,Ind.

For,

Karm. -\, Jf.sg. n.

(rt. char icitk vi)

Therefiire anyhow an incon-

siderate

gu-vichakshanis sutas

-ta, A', sg.

su-sasitu strisu-jirnam amKarm. -pa, -na, A", sg. A'arwj.-na,

'

-ta, A', sg. Karm.-\&,Jf.sg. n. Jf.sg. m.' N.sgf.

Well-digested food, a well-discerning son, a well-governed wife,

nri-patis

2'<p.-ti, A'.

nu-sevitas

Karm. -ta,

N.sg.m.

prince well-served,

su-cbintya cha

cliint, 1/'<VA u, Ind. vach,Ar.#.</-

Ger. past Plc.Pass.

uktam su-vich;lrya yad kritam

Well-having andreflected

char with vi, yad, AT. kri,.Qtr.Cuus. sg. n. pott Ptc

spoken, well-having whatconsidered

su-dirgha-kale api naKarm. -la, L. sg. Ind. Ind.

done, in very-long-time even not

yati vi-kriyam.ya, 3. sg. Pres. Par. -yft, Ac. sg.

goes to change.

(2\)

i v: \

etad vachanaui ^rutva k.is - chid knpotas sa-darpam fik*: uh kim cvam uchyaterctad. -na, Ac.sg. sru, Grr. klm, A'. Ind. -ta,A

r. sy. Aryay. H,S*f, Ind. If. In-l. \te\i,3sff.

This s[cecli having heard sonic pigeon haughtily Hil: Ila, what tbu it said?

vriddhanam vachanam grahyatn apad-kale Li upa-sthite,

(lh&,G.pl.m. -na,,N.sg. yrzfo.,N.sg.n.Ptc.Fut.Pass. Tip. -la, L. sg. Ind. st,h&wilhupa,,L.sg.m.post Ptc. Pass.

Of the old the word to be accepted misfortune-time for having approached,

II ^ tt

sarvatra eva vi-charena bhojane na pra-vartate. (22)Ind. Ind. -ra, /. sy. -na, L. sg. Ind. vfit with pra, 3 sg. Pits.Mm.

everywhere indeed with reflecting in eating not one engages.

sankabhis sarvamyatas,Ind.

For, By apprehensions everything

pra-vrittis

-tti, 2V. sy.

kutra

Ind.

occupation where

kartavy

Ptc. 'Fut.'pass.

to be made,

a-krantam annam

past Ptc. Pass.

assailed,

panam cha

Ind.

bbu-tale,

Ttp.-la.yL.sff.

food, drink and, on the earth-

surface,

jivitavyamjiv, N. sff. n.

Ptc. Fut. Pass.

to be lived

kathamInd.

how

nuInd.

va?Lid.

or?

(23)

irshyi

-yin. N.sg.m. -yin, N.sgr.m.

tu

Ind.

a-santushtas krodhanas

-la^N.sg.m.

nitya-sankitasKarm. 4a, N. sg. m.Karttt.-i^N.sg.m.

(rt. tush with sam)The envious, the censorious but, the dis-satisfied, the passionate, the constantly-suspicious,

11 ^ n

para-bhagya-upajivi cha shat ete duhkha-bhagmaa. (24)Tip. -Tin, N. sg. m. Ind. shash, JV, etad, N.pl. m. Tip. -gin, N. pi. m.

the on another's-property-living and, six these misery-sharing.

etad Srutv4 sarve

etad, Ac. sg. n. gru, Ger. -va, N. pi. m.

This havin heard all

I

kapotas-ta, N. pi.

the pigeons

tatra upa-vishtas.Ind. vi$, with upa, N. pi. m. past Plc.Pass.

there alighted.

yatas, su-mahanti api sastrani dharayantas bahu-srutas

Ind. Karm. -hat, Ac.pl. n, Ind. -ra, Ac.pl. dhri, N.pl.m.Ptc.Pres.Par.Caus. Bahuv.-t&,N.pl.in. (j-^.sru)

For, Very-great even sciences possessing, having learned-much,

chhettaras

tri, N. pi. m.

dispellers

sam-sayanam-ya, G. pi.

of doubts

cha

Ind.

and,

klisyante

klis, 3 pi. Pres. Atm.

are pained

lobha-mohitas. (25)

Tip. -ta, N. pi. m. (rt. muh)

by desire-infatuated.

anyad cha, lobhat krodhas pra-bhavati lobhat kamas pra-jayate,

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. -bha, Ab. sg. -dha, N. sy. bhtl with pra, -bha, Ab. sg. -ma, N. sg. jan with pra.

Zsg. Pres. Par. S so. Pres. Atm.

Again and, From desire passion springs, from desire lust is born.

( 25 )

lobhat mohas cha,

\t\\ti, Ab.sg. -\Ok,N.sg. Ind.

from desire infatuation and,

*ITWn;'iM;ig

-Sa, JV. sg.

destruction

cha; lobhas papasya karanam. (26)Ind. -bha, A". *?. -p\,G.tg.n. -n*. A", tg.

and; desire of evil the cause.

Nf SJ C

anyad cha, a-sambhavara hema-mrigasya janma, tatha api ramas lulubhe

-ya,Ar. JT/w/. Bahuv.-\n,N. Ttp.-f^, Q.tff. -man, Jwi. Irtd. -m*,N.g. luhh,3fr. -ga.D.tff.

gg.n. sg.n. N.sg. Per/. Aim.

Again and, Impossible the gold-deer's birth, yet thus even Rama had a de- for the

aire deer ;

prayasInd.

often

apiInd.

samApanna-vipatti-kale dhiyas

Ttp. *]*, L. sg. (rt. pm\ with s&m-d.) dhi, A', pi.

at the approached- misfor- the minds even

tune's-time

puriisam malinas bhavanti. (27)

purfjs, G.pl. -na,y.pl.f. bhft, 3 pi.Fret. Par.

ofmen obscured become.

an-antaram

Ind.

Immediately

snrve jalena baddhils babhuvus. tatas yasya vachanat

l.m. -la,/.*?. \)&\M\,N.pl.m. bhn.spl. /d. yad, G. tg. . -na,^6.v-past Ptc. Pats. Perf.Par.

all by the net caught were. Then whose throughspeech

tatra

Ind.

there

ava-lambitds

b wUh ava, N. ppast. Ptc. Past.

descended,

UK 4s

us

anyad cha, pas bandhus yas vi-pannanam apad-uddharana-kshamas,-ya, 2V. tig. n. Ind. tad, TV. -dhu, N. sg. yad, N. sg. m. pad with vi, G.pl. Ttp. -ma, 2V. sg. m.

sf>. m. m.past Ptc.Pass.

Again and, He a friend who of the afflicted out of misfortune-to lift-

able,

naInd.

Not

tu

Ind.

but

bhita-paritrana-vastu-upalauibha-panditas.Ttp, -ta, N. sg. m.

the danger-deliverance-means-reproaching-clever.

(30)

vipad-kaleKp. -la, L. sg.

At misfortune-time

vi-smayas eva kapurusha-lakslianam. tad

-ya, 2V. sg. Ind. Ttp. -na, N. sg. Ind.

amazement just a weak-man's- Thereforemark.

atra dhairyamInd. -ya, Ac. sg.

here firmness

ava-lambyalamb with ava, Ger.

embracing

prati-karas-ra, N. sg.

a-remedy

chintyatam.(hint, 3 sg. Imp. Pass.

let be thought of.

yatas,Ind.

For,

vi-padi

-pad, L. sg.

In misfortune

dhairyam,-ya, N. sg.

firmness,

atha

Ind.

further

abhi-ud-aye kshama,-ya, L. sg. -ma, N. sg.

in prosperity moderation,

sadasi vach-patuta, yudhi vi-kramas,-das, L. tff. Ttp. -ta, 2V. iff. -Ah, L. sg. -ma, 2V. sg.

in an assetnbly word-cleverness, in battle heroism,

( 27 )

anyad

-y*,\.sg.H.

cha,

Ind.

shat

Again and, Six

doalias purushena iha hatavy&-lia,A'.pl. -Bha,/.0r. Jnd. l,ti.pl.m.Ptc.

Fut.Pau.faults by a man here to be avoided,

bhutim ichchhata,

-ti.Ac.fg. ih. T. fg.m.

PU.Prtf.Par.

prosperity wishing,

nidra

rA, A". sg.

Sleep,

taiulni

-rA, If. sg.

sloth,

bbayam-ya, N. sg.

fear,

krodbas

dha, N. eg.

anger,

alasyam-ya, 2V. sg.

laziness,

II ^ II

dirgha-sutrata.

-ti. A', sg.

procrastination.

(33)

idumiu

Ind.apiI*d.

evain

Iiul.

At present also thus

I

kriyatam; survais

-va,/.p/.kri,3tr./mp.'

Pass.

maybeacted;

.

by all

ekachitti-bhuya jalam a-daya u<l-diyalain.

ekachittl-bhO, Ger. -It, Ac. ditri^Aa, 41 wi//i nd, :;

*ff. Ger. g. Imp.Pans.

of one-mind- theuet having up-iuay be

being, taken, flown.

i

yatas,Ind.

For,

alpanam-pa, O.pl.n.

Of small

apInd.

even

vastiinam

-tu.G.pl.

things

sara-hatis

-ii.ff.ig.

a combination

r

karya-sadhika,

Ttp. -dbaka, N. tff.f.

aim-accomplishing,

trinais gunatvam a-pannais badhyante matta-dantinas. (34)

-na,/.ju2.m.orn. -tva, Ac. s-j. pad with a, /. pi. bandh.3p/.Pre. Earm. -tin, 2f.pl. (rt.tatA).m.WH.past 1'te. Pott. Pass.

with grass blades, a rope's state having attained, arc bound furious-elephants.

saui-hatis sreyast puriisam-ti, A', gff. prasasya. .V. sj.f. Oompar. puiiis, G.pl.

Combination better of men

sva-kulais

Karm. -la, /. pi.

with their- families

alpakais api,

-ka, /. pi. n. Ind.

small even,

tusbena

-sha, /. sg.

by the husk

api pari-tyaktaa naInd. tyaj u-ith pari, N. pi. m. Ind.

past Pic. 2'ass.

merely deserted not

n <^ n

pra-rohanti tandulas. (35)ruh with m*, 3 pi. -la, A7

, pi.Pres. Par.

grow-up rice-grains.

itt vi-chintyaInd. chint with vi, Ger.

Thus having considered,

pakshinas-shin. A'.

tit. m.

the birds

d

sarve jalam-\*,N.pl.m. -l&,Ac.*ff.

all the net

&-daya ud-patit&uda with a,

Ger.

having taken,pott Ptc. Past.

flown-up.

an-antaramInd.

Thereupon

sas vyadbastad, A*, -dim, A', .sv/.

sg. m.

that hunter

su-dur.1t

Ind.j:\hi-apabarakan

Ttp. -ka, Ac. pi. m.

from very -far net-carrying off

tan

l*il,Ac.

pi. M.

them

ava-lokyaIoki0'/Aiiva.

Qer.

having seen,

pachatInd.

after

dluivan

runnin

achintayat

thought :

E2

*sS

sam-hatas tu haranti etc mama jalam viham-gamfo,ban with sam, JV. pi. m. Ind. hn,3j>Z. Pres. etad.JV. aamad, G.sg. -l&.Ac.sg. -ma^N.pl.

past Ptc. Pass.'

Par. pl.m.Combined indeed take away these of me the net the birds,

yada" tu ni-patishyanti vasam eshyanli me tada. (36)Ind. Ind. p&twith\ri,$pl.Fut.ii.Par. -s&,Ac.g. i,3pl.Fut.i\.Par. asmad, G. sg. Ind.

if but down-they shall fall, into the power they will go of me then.

tatas teshu chakshus-vishaya-atikranteshu pakshishu sas vyadhasInd. tad, L.pl.m. Tip. -ta, L. pi. m. (rt. kratn with ati) -shin, L. pi. m. t&d t N.sg.m. -dha, A". sg.

Then those the sight-confines-having passed birds, that hunter

ni-vrittas.

vrit wilh ni, JV. sg. m. pastPtc. Pass.

returned.

iltllll

sarvada apaya-sankaya ata-dvaram vi-varam kritva m-vasati.

Intl. Ttp. -ka, /. sg. Bahuv. -ra, Ac.sg. n. -ra, Ac. sg. kri, Ger. va with ni,

3tf. J'rr*. ^'ui

always through danger-dread a hundred-doored hole having made dwells.

tatas hiranyakas kapota-avapata-bhayat chakitas tusbnim sthitas.

Ind. -ka, N. sg. Ttp. -ya, Ab. sg. -ta, N. sg. m. Ind. Btlia, N. sg. m.past Ptc. Pass.

Then Hiranyaka from the pigeon-descent-fear timid silently stood.

chitra-gi ivas uvacha : sakhe hiranyaka, kim asman na snm-bhasha.se P

Jiahuv. -va, vach. 3 sg. Va\,V.sg. -ka, V.sg. Ind. asmad, Ind.N.sg. Perf.Par. Ae.pl.

Chitragriva said : Friend Hiranyaka, why us not dost thou greet ?

tatas hirnnyakas tad-vachanam prati-abhi-juaya Ba-sambhramamInd. -ka, N. sg. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. jna with prat i-ablii, Ger. Avyay.

Then Hiranyaka of him-the voice having recognised hastily

valiis nis-sritya abravit: ah punyavan asmi, priya-suhrid meInd. sri with nis, Gcr. brft.Ssfl'. Ind. -vat, N. sg. m. as, 1 sg. Karm. -d, N. sg. asmad, G.sg.

Impf. Par. Pres. Par.out slipping said : Ob, happy I am, the dear-friend of me

chitra-grivas sam-a-yatas.JKahuv. -va, N. sy. yd, tcith sam and a, 2f. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

Chitragriva arrived.

yasya mitrena sam-bhasba yasya mitrena sara-stlutis

yad, G. sg. m. -ra, /. sg. -sha, A', sg. yad, G. sg.m. -ra, /. sg. -ti, N. sg.

Whose with a friend greeting, whose with a friend staying,

yasya mitrena sam-lapas tatas na asti iha punyavan. (38)y&(l,G.sg.m. -n,I.sg. 'psk,tf.sg. i&dwith I>uJ. s&,$sg.Pre*. Ind. -vat, ff. sg. m.

Abl.aff.isa. Par.whose with a friend chatting, than he not is there here a happier one.

pfisa-baddliiin cha etan drishtva sa-vismayas ksbanam

Ttp.-dhz,Ac.pl.m. (r^.bandh). Ind. ettdi.Ac.pl.iH. dri,Ocr. ahuv.-y\y.tff.m. -n*,Ac.sg.Ad

Net-confined and them having seen with-amazement a moment

fif^fTrTssthitva uvacha: sakhe kim etad? cbitra-privas avadat:

stM.Ger. v&c\\,Ssg. Perf.Par. -kbi.V.sg. }t'ua,N.Sff.n. etad,A*.*^.. Saftuv. -vm, rs*l.Zsp.Jf. sg. Impf.Par.

having stood he said : Friend, what this ? Chitragriva said :

sakhe asmakam praktana-jannian-karmanas-khi, V. sg. asiuad, G.pi. Ttp. -man, G. sg.

Friend, of us of a former-birth's-action

pbalam etad.

-la, N. sg. ctad, N. sg. n.

the fruit this.

yasnsat cha yena cha yathfi, cha yada cha yadyad, Ab. sg. n. Ind. yad, I. sg. n. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ind. Ind. yad, N. sg. n.

Wherefore and, by what and, how and, when and, as what

C

M^gr

pas'chat

&i,Ac. tg. Ind.

the fetter afterwards

chhetsyasi.

chhid, -itg.Fvt.ii. Par.

thou wilt cut.

hiranyakas api-ka. If. tg. Ind.

tliranyaka also

danfiis cha

-ta, A", pi. Ind.

the teeth and

measm ad, G.sg.

of me

aha: nhain alp.vtaktia,

ah, 3 *g. axtnad, Bahuv. -t i, N. tg. m.Per/. Par. N.tg.

said : 1 of little-strenglb.

komalas, tad etesham

-la, N. pi. m. Ind. etad. G. pi. m.

delicate, therefore of these

pa.4an chhcttum

sa, Ac. pi. chhid. Inf.

the fetters to cut

katham samarthas?

Ind. -tlia, \. 57. m.

how able ?

tad

Ind.yavatLul.

Therefore as long as

measinad, Q. tg.

of me

dantas

-ta, .V. pi.

the teeth not

trutyanli,

trut, 3 pi.Pres. Par.

break,

tavat tava pasam chhinadmi; tad-anantaram

Iwl. yushmad, G. gg. -Sa, Ac sg. chhid, 1 ay. Pres. Par. I*d*

so long of thee the fetter I cut;

thereafter

apctad, G. pi. m. Ind.

of these also

bandlianam

-na, Ac. sg.

the bonds

yavat-s\ikyamAvyay.

as far as-possible

nstu

as, 3 fff. Imp. Par.

Be it

ev.im,

Ind.

SO,

tatha

Ind.

thus

chhetsyami.chhid, 1 sg. Fat. ii. Par.

I shall out.

chfctra-grivas

Ecdiuv. - va, A", tg.

Chitragriva

uvacba :

vach, 3 j/. P/. Par.

said :

apiInd.

even

yathii-sakti etesham bandhanam

Avyuy. etad, G. pi. m. -na, Ac. tg.

according to-strength of these the bonds

i

khandaya. hiranyakena uktawc a4fl-parityjig?na yadkhand, '2. sg. Imp. Par. -ka,7. sy. vach, A', tg. n.-pf&tPtc. Pass. Ttp.-g*I.tff. y*A, tf. Sff. n.

divide. By Iliranyaka said : by self-sacrifice what

A-sritaiulin

<ri with A, G. pi. m.past Pfc. J'ass.

of dependants

pari-rakshnnam tad na

-na, N. t& tad, tf. tg. n. Ind.

niti-vedinam

Ttp. -din, G. pi. m.

sam-maitaKman v>i

n. past Pte. Pat*.

preservation, that not of the policy-knowing approved of.

*

yatns,Ind.

For,

I

apad-artheTtp. -tha, L.

tg. Adv.For mufortune's-

sake

dhannmna, Ac. sg.

riches

rakshet,

raksli,"sg. -ra, Ac. pi.

Pot. Par.one should' the wife

save,

rakshet api,dhanais

-na, /. pi. Ind.

through the even*riches

II 8 \ II

attnfinnm satatam rakshet d:lrais

-man, Ac.*g. Ac.sg.n.Adv. raksh, 3 tg. Pot. Par. -n^T.pl.

oneself constantly one should save through the

wife

apiInd.

even,

dhnnais

-no, 7. pi.

through the

riches

api.

Jfef.

(40

anyad-ya, 2V. s#.

Again

cha, dharma-artha-kama-mokshanam pranasInd. Hvandva. -sha, G. pi. -r&,N.pl.

and, Of virtue-wealth-desire-final liberation life

samsthiti-hetavas,

Ttp. 4u, 2V. pi.

the existence-cause,

fir

tan ni-hnata" kirn

\\ 8^ 11

rakshatana hatam,

tad, Ac. han icithni, I.sg.m. khn.ZV. Ind. han, 2V. #. . raksh, T. sg.tn. id. Ind. raksh, past Ptc.

pi. m. Pres. Ptc. Par. sg. n. past Plc.Pass. Pres.Ptc.Par. Pass.

that by one destroying what not destroyed, by one saving what not saved ?

kim na rakshitara?(42)id.

chitra-grivas

Bahuv.-\*,N.sg.

Chitrariva

uvaclia:

v&ch,3sg.Perf.Par.

said :

sakhe

-khi, F. sg.

Friend,

nitis

-ti,N.sg.

policy

tdvat idrisi

Ind. -6,N.sg.f.

certainly such

eva, kim-tu

Ind. Ind. Ind.

just, but

aham asmad-asritancam duhkham sodhum sarvatha a-samarthas;

aaraad, A', sg. Ttp.'la,,G.pl.m.(rt.6riwith&) -kha, Ac. sg. sah, Inf. Ind. Karm.-iha,,N.sg.m.

I of my-dependants the affliction to bear wholly un-able;

tena

tad, I. sg. n. Adv.

therefore

idam

idam, Ac. sg. n.

this

bravimi.

brd, 1 sg. Pres. Par.

I say.

yatasInd.

For,

dhan&ni

-na, Ac. pi.

Kiches,

jlvitam-ta, Ac. sg.

cha

Ind-

evaInd.

life and even,

para-artheTtp. -tha, L. sg. Adv.

foranother's-sake

prajnas-fta, 2V. sg. m. srij, ivithnA, Ssg.

Pot. Par.the wise should give-up ;

*fafo% *nc wnrr f^fTO PreS *ft n 8^ n

sat-nimitte varam tyagas, vi-nS,se ni-yate sati. (43)

Ttp. -tta, L. sg. -ra, 2V. sg. Adv. -ga, 2V. sg. -Sa, L. sg. yam with ni, L.sg. as, L. sg. m.m. past Ptc. Pass. Ptc.Pres.Par.

for good's sake preferable the sacrifice, destruction destined being.

ayanlidam, 2V. sg. m.

This

aparas-ra, 2V. sg, m.

another

cha

Ind,

and

a-sadhS,ranas hetus :

Bahuv. -na, 2V. sg, m. -tu, N.sg.

un-paralleled argument:

jati-dravya-gunanatn cha sftmyam eshdm mayft saha,

Dvandva. -na, O. pi. Ind. -ya, Ar. sg. n. etad, G. pi. m. asmad, /. sg. Ind.

of kind-substance-quality and equality of these me with,

mad-prabhutva-phalam bruhi

Ttp. -1, Ac.sg. (e/.asraad) brfl, Isg.Imp. Par.

of nie-the superiority-fruit, say,

kaddInd.

when

n 88 n

kim tad

kim,2V.^.. tad, N.sg. n.

what that

bhavishyati? (44)

hhft.,3sff.Fut.ii.Par.

will be ?

anyad cha,

-ya, wV. tg. n. Ind.

Again

vinft

Ind.

* \*>>*s

vurtanam cva

urn, Ac. 0. Ind.

mama antikam,ete na tyajantiDtad, N. Ind. tyaj, 3. pi. aurtiad,

pi. m. PrM.Par. O.tg.

and, Without wages even, these not abandon of me the proximity,

tad

Ind, asm ad,<!!.

pnina-vyayenaTip. -ya, I. tg.

apiInd.

ii n n

jivaya etan

ilv, Ztg.Imp. etad,Par. Cans. Ac.pl.m.

mamaasroad.

O.sg.

a-sritun. (43)MwithL.Ac.pl.m. pott Pte. Pats.. . ..

therefore of me with the life-loss even cause to live these of me the dependants.

kim-cha, mamsa-mutra-purisha-asthi-nirmite asniin

Ind. Ind. Ttp. -ta, L. sg. n. (rt. ma with nis) idam, L. tg. n.

Moreover, On the flesh-urine-excrement-bone-composed this

kalevare

Ta, L.tg.

body

vi-na^vare vi-haya a-sth&mha with vi, Oer. -stha, Ac. sg. '

Par'Caus. G. sg.

'

the perishable having given up consideration, the fame preserve, O friend, of me.

yasas pulaya mitra me. (46)-Sas, Ac. sg. pa.. 2 sg. Imp. -ra, V. tg.

Pa

aparam cha pasya, yadi nityam-T*,Ac. Ind. driS, Zsff. Ind. -ya,^.*^, n.sff.n. JmpJPar.

Another and behold, If the eternal

a-nityena nis-raalam

Karm. -ya, J, Bahuv. -la,

tff.n. N.sg.n.

through the the stain-less

non-eternal,

II 8^> II

mala-vahina

Ttp. -\&n,I.sg.n.

through the stain-

bringing,

yasas kayenay^I.sff.

labhyeta, tad na labdham bhavet nu klm ? (47)Ind. Ind.labb, S B. tad.JV. Ind. labh, 2V. so. n. bhft, 3jw.

PotJPatt. Sff.n. past Ptc.Pas. Pot. Par.fame through the body might be that not obtained should be

obtained,

well why ?

yatas, arirasyaInd. -r*,G.sg.

For, Of the body

gunanam-na.,G.pl.

of virtues

cha duramInd. ~n, N.sg.n.

and, a wide

ati-antam antaram,

exceeding difference,

eariram kshaija-vidhvamsi,-ra, N. ff. Ttp. -siu, N. sg. n.

the body in a moment-falling asunder,

kalpa-anta-sthayinasTtp. -yin. JV~. pi. m.

to a kalpa's-end-lasting

gunas. (48)

iti a-karnyaInd. karp with a,

Qr.Thus having heard

hiranyakas\t^N.sg.

prahrishfa-manasEahvv. -lias. A", sg.m.

virtues.

Hiranyaka of delighted-mind thrilled

pulakitas tan abravtt :

-ta, N.tg.n. as. A', tg. m. brfi, S*y.PlcJ>re*J'ar. Imp/.p.ir.

being said :

sadhu, mitra, sadhu

-rt^V.tg. -dhuJV".*?.n. Adv. n. Adv.

Nobly, friend, nobly ;

anena

Idam, I. sg. n.

through this

asVita-vatsalyena

Ttp. -ya, /. tg.

towards the dependanta-tenderness

trailokyasya api

of the three evenworlds

( 34 )

prabhutvam-tva, N. ay.

the sovereignty

tvayi yujyate.yashmad, Lag, yiij, 3 sg.Pres.

Pass.

in thee is proper.

evam uktva tena sarvesham2nd. vach, Ger. ta&,I.sg.m. -va. G. pi. m,

Thus having spoken by him of all

bandhanani chhinnani.

-na, N.pl. chMd, N.pl.n.pastPtc.Pass.

>

the bonds cut. Then Hiranyaka

tatas hiranyakas sarvan sa-adaramInd. -^N.sg. -ve^Ac.pl.m. Avyay.

all

sara-puyapftj with sam, ah,3^r.

Ger.'

Perf.Par.

respectfully having saluted said :

*f?r

sakhe chitra-griva, sarvatha atra

Ind. Ind.

jala-bandhana-vidhauTtp.-dbi,L.Sff.

sati dosham

Friend Chitragriva, wholly here

as,L.sg.m.Ptc. -sh.a.,Ac.sg.Pres. Par.

the net-confinement-destiny being, a fault

a-^ankya atmani ava-jn^ naSank with a, Ger. -m&n,L.sff. -jii&,N.sg. Ind.

suspecting, ofone's self disdain not

Tuei,N.sg.f.Ptc.Fut.Pass.

to be made.

Ind.

For,

yasyad,N.sff.m.

Who

adhikat yojana-gatat pa^yati amisham kha-gasiha

dri6,3sp. Ind.Pres. Par.

from a great yojana-hundred espies here the prey, a bird

11 8t- 11

sas eva

.tad.JV. Ind.prapta-kalas

Bahwv.-\tk,N.8g.m.

tu

Ind.ptisa-bandham na .

Ttp.-dha,,Ac.sg. Ind.pa^yati. (49)drift, 3s/?.

PresJ?or.he even having reached-the time on the other hand the snare-knot not sees.

aparam cha,

ra.,N.fg.n. Ind.

Another and,

sasin-divakarayosDvandva. -ra, G. du.

Of moon-(and)-sun

graha-pidanam,Ttf>. -na, Ac. sg.

through eclipse-the distress,

gaja-bhujangamayos api bandhanam,Dvandva. -ma, G. du, Ind, -na, Ac, sg.

of elephant-(and)-serpent also the binding,

matimatam cha vi-lokya daridratdm,-m9.i t G.pl.m. Ind. lok with vi, Ger. -i&,Ac.sg,

of the wise and having perceived the indigence,

vidhis aho

-dhi, 2V. sg, Ind.

'destiny, Oh,

balavan

-vat, 2V. sg. m.

powerful,'

iti

Ind.

thus

n v 11

measmad, G. sg.

of me

matis. (50)-i\,N.sg.

the thought,

. I

anyad cha,

-ya, A". Ind.sg.n.

Again and,

Jft

vyoman-ekanta-viharinasTtp. -rin, ff.pl. m.

In the air-exclusively-roaming

api vihagas sam-pra-apnuvanti a-pa<lam,Ind. -ga, A", pi. Ap, vrith aam awrf pra, -pad, Ac. tg.

8 pi. Pret.Par.

even birds meet misfortune,

badhyantebandit, 3 pi. Pres.Pass.

captured are

nipunais-na, /. pi. m.

by artful men

agadha-salilatJiahuv. -la, Alt. tg. m.

out of the deep-watercontaining

matsy&s samudrut api;

-ya, A".pJ. -ra, ^6. *jr. Ind.

fishes ocean even ;

firf*r?rf% ftr

dus-nitam kim iha

Aarm. -ta,

N^g.n.

Badly-con-ducted

asti, kirn su-charitam?

kim, N. Ind. as, 3s//- kim, JV. Karm. -t*,N.tg.n.sg.n. Pres.Par. sg.n.what here is, what well-performed?

kas

kim, A".

ta.n.

what

sth&na-labhe

Ttp. -bha, L. sg.

in positioh-obtainment

gunas?

merit ?

kalas hi vyasana-prasarita-karas grihnati durat api. (51)la, A1

, tg. Ind. ahuv. -r&, N. sg. m. grab, 3 sg.Pres.Par. -r&,Ab.sg.n. Ind.

i -srff f^rwi?idam

idam, Ac.sg.n.this

Aha :

ah, 3e-.Perf. Par.

said:

aho

/wd.hiranyaka-ka, V.sff.

sf% i

slaghyasslagh, 2V. S0-. m.Pto, Put. Pans.

Oh Hiranyaka, to be praised

asi ;

as, 2 sg. Pres.Par.

tbou art;

atas ahamInd. asmad, 2V. sg.

hence I

api tvay& saha maitrim

Ind. yushmad, Ind. --ri,Ac.sg.I. Sff.

also thee with friendship

ichchhami ;

isb, 1 sg. Pres.Par.

wish;

i ^ '*^

atas m&m maitryena anu-grahitumInd. asmad, -ya.,I.sg. gr&hwith&nu,

Ac. sg. Inf.

therefore me with friendship to favour

hiranyakasarhasL etad srutva

arh,2*<7. Pres Par. etad,Ac.sg.n. sru, Ger.

deign. This having heard Hiranyaka

api vivara-abhyantarat aha :

Ind. Tip. -ra, Ab. sg. ah, 3 sg'.

also from the hole's-inside said :

kas tvam? brute:

kim, 2V. Sff. m. yushmad, 2V. sg. tad, 2V. sg. m. brft, 3 sg. Pres,Atm.

Who thou? He says :

Sf I

1aghupataiiaka-nam&Bohwv. -man, N. sg. m.

vayasas aham.

-sa, 2V. #. asmad,2V. sg.

Laghupatanaka-named a crow I.

hiranyakas vi-t

-ka, N. sg. has with vi Ger.

Hiranyaka, laughing,

aha:

ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par.

Inft i

im, N.sg.f.

What

tvayayushmad, /. sg.

thee

saha maitri?

Ind. -rl, 2V. sg.

with friendship ?

yatas, yad yena yujyate loke budhas tad tena yojayet;Ind. yad,2V. yad,I.sg.n. yuj.Ssy.Pres. '\&,L.sg. -dha,2V. sg.m. tad.^tc. tad, /. ^r. . yuj, 3 sg, Pot.

sg. n._ _

Pass. sg. n. Par. Cans.

For, What with what is fitting in the world, a wise man that with that should unite;

aham annam bhavan bhokta ;

asmad, 2V. sg. -na, 2V. sg. -vat, 2V. sg. m. -tri, 2V. sg. m.

I the food, you the eater ;

II *J

kathamInd.

how

aparam cha, bhakshya-bhakahakayos pritis

-ra, 2V. sg. n. Ind. Dvandva. -ka, ff. du. m. -ti, 2V. sg.

Another and, Ofthe food- (and)- the feeder love,

s^lV wr:srigalat pasa-baddhas asau

-la, Ab. sg. Ttp. -dha, 2V. sg. m. adas, 2V. sg.m.

through a jackal snare-bound that

mrigas-ga, 2V. sg.

deer

pritis bhavishyati? (53)-ti, 2V. Sff. bhft, 3 sg. Fut. u.Par.

love will be ?

vi-pattes eva karanam ;

-tti, G. sg. Ind. -na, 2V. sg.

of misfortune alone the cause ;

rakshitas. (54)-ka, I. sg. r&kshj?.sg.m.past Ptc. Pass.

by the crow saved.

vayasas abravit :

-sa, 2V. sg. bru, 3 sg.

Impf. Par.The crow said :

kathamInd.

How

etad ? hiranyakas kathayati :

etad, 2V. -ka,,N.sg.

ast

kath,3s^.Pres, as, 3 sg. Pres.sg. n. Par. Par.

that ? Hiranyaka relates : There is

magadha-deseKarm. -sa, L. sg.

in the Magadha-country

( 37 )

ll1H,HHl*n

champakavati nama arauyani ; tasyam-K.A'.sg. -ma.u,Ac.sg. Adv. -u\,N.sg. l*A,L.*g.f.

Champakavati by name a large wood ; therein

clurat niahata snehena

-n,Ali.sg.n.Ado. -hat, I.tg.m. -ha,/.*?.

since long with great affection

luriga-kakau. -ka, A', du.

a deer- (and) a crow

: i ^ ^ ft:c

ni-vasataa. sas cba mrigasvan with ni, 3 tad, N. sg. m. ltd. -ga, AT. tg.du. -Pre*. Par.

dwell. That and deer

sva-iclichhaya bLrAmyanKarm. -chA, /. *p. bhnun. A'. *(7-*

Ptc. Pret. Parat his-pleasure roaming

lirislita-pusbta-angas kena - chid 6rigulenaBah**, -ga, N. sg. m. kim, /. sj/.m. Ind. -la, /. r.

frisky- fat-limbed by some jackal

ava-lokitas. tain drishtvu

dris, Oer.

Irigalaa

-la, Ar. *y.lok trt//i ava,^.^. tad, Xc.

m. po/ Pic. Past. sg. m.

(was) espied, lliui having seen the jackal

^rr:

ah. katham

f.. Ind. Ind.Par.

thought: Ah, how

achintayat: etad-maiiisam su-lalitam bhakshayami ? bhavatu,

Ttp.-s&,Ac.sg. Karm. -ta, Ac. bliaksh, \sg.Pret. bh$,S xg. Jmp.sg.n. Par. Par.

of him-the meat the very-delicate I eat? Beit,

vi-vasam tavat

-a&,Ac.sg. Ind.

confidence first

ud-p&day&mi.pad with ud, 1 sg.Pres. Par. Cam.1 produce.

?r i

init ra kusalam

-r.i.V.sg. -l-A,A'.sg.n.

Friend, hail

te.

yushmad,D.sg.

to thee.

iti

Ind.

Thus

&-lochya abravit:upa-srityaloch with &, sritci^Aupa, brft, 3 sg. Itnpf.

Oer. Oer. Par.

having thought having approached he said :

mrigena-g&,Lsg.

uktam : kas tvam ? sat

\0fi\\, N.sg.n.pastPtc. PaS.

By the deer said :

'k\n\,N.srj.m. yuslimad, tad, A'.

N.sg. tg.vt.

Who thou ? He

biutc :

I

kshudrabuddhi-nama jambukas ahaiu ;

brti,Ssg. ahuv.-M&n,N.sg.m. -lt&,N.g. asmad,Pres. Aim, N. sg.

says: Kshudrabuddhi-named a jackal I;

atra

Ind.

araaye-y*,L.sg.

bandhu-hinas

Ttp. -iia, N.sg.m. (hi)

here in the wood relation-deprived

nirita-vat ni-vasami ;

Ind. \tawithni, I

sg. Pres. Par.dead-like I dwell ;

Jftidanim tvam mitram a-sildya punar ra-bandhus

Ind. yushmad, -n,Ac. sg. sad with a, Oer. Ind. Bahw. -dim, ff. tg. m.Ac. sg. Caus.

now thee a friend having found again relation-possessed

jiva-lokam pra-vish^as asmi; adhuna tava anu-charena may&Ttp. -ka, Ac. tg. vi with pra, N. sg. ,lsg. Ind. yushmad, -n, I.sg.m. asmad, Ind.

m. past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par.into of the entered I am

;now

living- the world

O. sg. I.

of thee the attendant by me wholly

bhavitavyam. mrigenabh6, Njg.n.Ptc. -g&,I.sg.

Put. Pass.

to be. By the deer

uktam :

Ptc. Pass.

said :

evaia

Ind,

astu. tatas

a,S*g. Ind.

Imp.Par.Thus it be. There-after,

pnschntInd.

astatn-gate,.

m. past Ptc. Pass.

haviug goue-home

( 38 )

marichi-malini

Bahuv. -\m,L.sg.m.

tau mrigasya-g&,G.sg.

vasa-bhumim gatau.

tad, N. -g&,G.sg. Tip. -mi, Ac. sg. ga,na, ff. dw. ndu. m. past Ptc. Past

the ray-gar- those two of the deer to the dwell- proceededlanded, ing-place

savitari bhagavati-tji, L. sg. -vat, L.sg. m.

the sun, the venerable,

***{<&

tatra champaka-vriksha-sakhayam subuddhi-nama kakas mrigasya chira-mitrair

Ind. Ttp.-\Ja&,L.sg. Bahuv. -man, N. sg. m. -k&,N.sg. -ga,,G.sg. Karm. -ra, N. sg

There on a Champaka-tree-branch Subuddhi-named a crow, of the deer an old-friend.

kakas avadat : sakhe chitra-anga, kasni-vasati. tau drishtva

vas with m, 3 tad, Ac. du. m. dris, Ger. -ka, N. sg. vad, 3 sg. -khi, V. sg. Bahuv. -ga, F. sg. kim, N. sg.msg. Pres. Par. Impf. Par.

dwells. Those two having seen the crow said : Friend Chitranga, who

ayam dvitiyas? mrigas brute: jambukas ayam asmad-sakhyam ichchhan

idam, N. sg. m. -ya^N.sff.m. -ga,N.8ff. brft, Sag. -k^tf.sg. idam, N. Ttp. -ya, Ac. sg. ish, N. sg. m. Ptc

Pres.Atm. sg.m. Pres. Par.

this second? The deer says: A jackal this of us-the friend- wishing

ship

a-gatas.

gam with&, N.sff. m.

past Ptc. Pass.

approached.

kakas

-k*,N.sg.

The crow

brute : mitra a-kasmat a-gantunabrft, Zsg. -ra,V.sg. Ind. (kim) -tu, I.sg.

Pres. Atm.

says : Friend, from no-where a comer

saha

Ind.

maitri

-ri,N.sg.

with, friendship

naInd.

not

yukta;yuj, N. sg.f. past

Ptc. Pass.

proper ;

tatha

Ind.

thus

cha

Ind.

and

uktam:

vach, N. sg. n. pastPtc. Pass.

said :

a-jiiata-kula-silasya vasas deyas na

Bahwo.-\&,G.sg.m. -s&.N.sg. da, N.sg.m. Ptc.Fut Pass. Ind.

Of one of unknown-family-(and)character residence to be given not

f%

marjarasya hi

-ra,,G.Sff. Ind.

of a cat for

kasya-chid,\a.m >G^g.m.tnd.

of any one;

doshena hatas gridbras jaradgavas. (55)-sha,,I.sg. Taan,N.sg.m.post Ptc. Pass, -r*.,N.sg. -\&,N.sg.

through the offence slain the vulture Jaradgava.

tau

tad, N. du. m.

They both

ahatus : katham

ah, 3 du. Perf. Par. Ind.

say: How

etad ?

etad, N. sg. n.

that?

kakas

-ka, 2V. sg.

The crow

kathayati.

kath, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

relates:

as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. Bahwv. -man, L. sg. m.

There is on the Ganges- upon a Gridhra-

bank, kuta-named

-ta, L. sg. -hat, N. sg. m.

mountain a large

Karm. -ksha, N. sg.

fi-tree.

( 39 )

tad, O.sg.m

-ra, L. sg. Ttp. -ka, Ab.sg. llahur. -na, N. llahuv. -man^y. -ra, N. sg. va with prmtisg.m. sg.m. sg.m. Ssg. Pres. ParOf it Snthehollow through fate's- having lost-claws- Jaradgava- a vulture dwells.

hard doom (and) eyes named

Ind. -pa,/.*0. Ttp. -na, D. sg. Ttp,-ym,N.pl.m. -kshin, Karm. -ra, Ab. sg. kim-chid, Ac. sg. n. Yiriwith

N.pl. m. ud, Ger.Now through ofhira-for the on that- tree- birds from their own- a little a little having

pity support roosting food taken

rttnJy

da, 3plJ*fes.Par. tad./^.w. adas, JVr^.. jiv,3gg.Pret.Par. Ind. Ind Bahvv. -man, Njg.m. -

give. By that he lives. Now one day Dirghakarna- a cat

named

Ttp. -ka, Ac. pi. m. bhaksh, Inf. Ind. gam with &, N. sg. m. Ind. tad, Ac. sg. m.past Ptc. Pass.

of the birds-the young ones to eat there arrived. Then him

yd, with &. Ac. sg.m. dris, Ger. Ttp.-laL,I.pl.m. T/p.-la, I.pl.n. -l*,N.sg. kri, N. sg. m.Ptc. Pres. Par. past Ptc. Pass.

approaching having seen ofthe birds-by fear-stricken, clamour made.the young ones,

tad, Ac. 8n;, Ger. -v*,I.sg. v*ch,N.sg.n. kim, 2f.

sg. n. past Ptc. Pass. sg. m.

That having heard by Jaradgava said: Whosg. m.

this

y&v>ith&.,3sg. J3ahuv.-n&,N.sg.Pres. Par.

approaches? Dirghakarna,

-ra, Ac. sg. lok with ava, Ger. Avyay. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par. Ind. ban, N. sg. m. as, 1 sg. Pres. Par.past PtcJ'as*.

the vulture having perceived, with fear said: Ob, lost lam.

Ind. -v*t,Ac.sg.n. -yz,G.sg. bhl, N. sg. n. -vat, Ac. sg. . Adv. -y&,N.sg.n. Karm.-t*,N.sg.9.Adv. Ptc. Put. Pass. (rt. gam with a)

Since, So long of danger one must be as danger not-approached,afraid,

n ^ n

gam with a, Ac. sg. n. Ind.

past Ptc. Pass.

approached but

-y&,Ac.sg. Iksh with vi, -ra.JNT. sg.

.Ger.

danger having seen a man

kri, 5*jr. Pot. Par. Ind.

should act as

-t,JV. tg.n.

proper. (56)

Ind. idam, G.sg.m. -n*,L.sg. ay with pala, Inf. A'arm.-ma,A'. Ind.sg. m.

Now of him in the presence to escape unable , therefore

Ind. bhA, Jf.sg.n.Ptc. Put. Pats.

it u to be,

tad, 2V. sg. n. bhft, &sg. Imp. Par. Ind.

that let be ;

-sa,,Ac.sg. pad with ud, Ger. idam, G. -y^Ac, sg. ;

Caus. sg. m.first confidence having produced of him totheproximilr

gam with upa, 1 sg. Pres. Par. Ind. loch with a, Ger. sri with upa, Ger. bru, 3 sg. Impf. Pai

I approach. Thus having reflected, having near-gone, he said :

-ya, V. sg. yushmn.&,Ac.sff. vand withjitihi, -ra,; N.sg. vad, 3 sg. kim, N. sg. m. yushmad, N.1 sg.Pres.Aim. Impf. Par.

Reverend Sir, thee I salute. The vulture said : Who thou ?

S I

tad, N. sg. m. vad, 3 sg. Impf. Par. -ra, N. sg. asmad, N. sg. -ra, 2V. ng. brft, 8 sg.Pres. Aim.

He said : A cat I. The vulture says :

-ra, Ac. sri with apa, 2 sg. Ind. Ind. han, N. sg. in. Ptc. as, 2 sg. Pres. asmad, -ra, If. sg. vad, 3 &(,

sg. n.Adv. Imp. Par. Fut. Pass. Par. I. sg. Impf. PatFar away-go ;

not if, to be killed thou art by me. The cat said;

sru, 3 sgJmp.Pass. Ind. Ttp.-n&, Ind. Ind. asinad, -ya,2V.*5'.jn.(r<.han) Ind. l\&n,N.sg.mN. sg. N.sg. Ptc.Fut.Past

It may be heard first ofme-the thereafter if I to be punished, then tobekilled

speech ;

Ind. Ttp. -r&J.sg. Ind. kim-chid^V. sg.m. b&n,3sg.Pres.Pass. j>iij,Ssg.Pres.Pass. Ind.

For, Through birth-merely any one is punished, is honoured anywhere

n

-m,Ac. jna, uiVi pari, -ya,,N.sff.m. pfij.^. sg. m.Ptc. Ind. bhu. 3 sg. Pot.Ger. (rt. ban) Put. Pass. Par.

the conduct having scrutinised to be punished to be honoured or he should be. (57)

-ra. N. sg. brft, 3 sg. 2 sg. Imp. Ind-. gam with ft, JV. sg. m. as, 2 sg.Pres. tad, 3^. vad, 3 sg.Imp,Pres. Atm. Par. past. Ptc. Pass. Par.

fsg. m. Par.

The vulture says : Say, wherefore approached tbou ait ? He said :

*i?TT<?tK

asmad, Ind. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. Karm.~y\n, Tip. -rin, N.sg. m. Karm.-t&, Ac.sg.N.sg. N.sg.m.I here on the Ganges-bank, constantly- religious study- the Chandrayana-voi

bathing, observing

( 41 )

Ttp. -iA, Ao.pl. m. Ttp. -mi. N. pi.char with a, ff. gg. m. stha, 1 sg. yushraad,

Ptc.Prt.Par. Prts.Par. Ae.pl.

performing, stay. You of duty-the knowledge-enjoying of confidence-objects

-kshin, -va, ff. Ind. aamad, G. sg. -n,L.sg.Adv. stu with pra, Ind. -vat, Ab. pi. m.ff.pl.rn. pl.m. 3pl.Prs.Par.birds all always of me in the presence praise ; therefore from you,

f~*\*S*\C\<v *V

( 42 )

i

v>

Ind. UoAittJ. -na, i. pf. . Ind. -tn,L.pl. -y&,Ac.sg. kj-i, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -dhu, N. pl.m.

Another and, Unto worthless even beings mercy show the good ;

Ind. Ind. bfimthssm,Ssg.Pres.A'tm. ~iA.Ac.Sff. -dra, N.tg. Ttp. -man, L. sg.

not fo.r withholds (her) light the moon at the Chandala-dwelling. (60)

I

-ya,A~.*y.. Ind, -ihi,Ar,iff. yd,G.sg.m, Bahttv. -6&,N.sgj. -ha, .4ft. tg, vrit w#A prati-ni,

3 sg. Pres. Atm.

Again and, A guest of whom broken-hoped from the house turns away,

II ^ II

t*d,N.*g.m. D.sff.m. jarm. -U, Ai^Ger. -j*,Ac.tg. di with &, Ger. mm,Zff.Ae. tg. m. Pres. Par.

He to him the guilt having given, the merit having taken, goes. (61)

*,y.tg.n. Ind. -m^G.tg.m. Ind. -na, G. g. -cba^N.tg.m, Ind. -b*, Ac. sg. gam within y*g.m.pcut Pte.Pcu*.

Again and, Of the highest even caste a low person even to the house come

pAJ, y. sg. , Pte. Put. Post, Ind, -ja, A', sg. n. -ya, JT. sg. m. -thi, N. sg.

to be honoured as proper, all-gods representing a guest. (62)

-n^N.sg. vrndLSay. -n^N.sg. Ind. Bottuv.-c}ii,N.sg.m. Ttp.-k&,N.pl.m. Ind. Ind.Impf.Par.

The vtdture said : Cat certainly meat-liking, of birds-the young ones and here

vas icttt ni, $ pi. ittd,I.sg.n.Adv. asmad, Ind. Ixrt^lsg. \*A,Ac.sg,n. $rn,Ger. -n,y.sg.Pre.Par. N.sg. Pres. Par.

dwell, therefore I thus speak. This having heard the cat

^11fd ^ ^ I

-mi.Ac.sg. spris, Ger. -a*,Ac.dif. spris.3*^. brd, 3 sg. Ind, asmad, Ttp. -ra, Ac. sg.

Prts.Par. Pres~ltm. I.sg.

the ground having touched, the ears touches, says and : By me the law-book

tru.Ger. Sahut.-^I.sg.m. idam, -n.y. -\*,N.*g. -n^N.sg.n. so tctflk adhi-y N. sg. n.N. sg. n. tg. n. past. Pte. Pass.

having heard, with gone-passions, this difficult vow Chandrayana undertaken.

("3

)

Jnd. vidwithvi.G.pl.n. Ind. Tip. , O.pl. Kan*. -*, N. g. -m*. N.tff.

Pte.Prt9.Atm.

"With-one-another of the disputing even law-books 'not-injuring the highest

-ma, A'.*?. Ind. Ind.

duty' thus here

-y*,jN".sg.

unanimity.

Ind.

For,

Ttp.-i*,lf.pl.m.(rt.vritv>ithni). yad.N.pl.m. -n,N.pl. Ttp. -ha, N. pi. m, Ind. y

From all-injury-abstaining which men, all-enduring and who,

11 ^^ it

-va, O. ff. n. Kartn. -ta, N. pi. m. Ind. tad, N. pi. m. -ra, If. pi. Tip. -min, JV. pZ. .

of everything support-being and, those men <x> heaven-going. (63)

-ka.,N.sff,m. Itid. -d,N.iff. -ma,2V.^. -m^L.sg. Ind. ya tottt anu, 3 g. fret. Par. ytd,y.8ff.m.

One only friend, virtue, in death even follows who,

II

-r&,I.tff. -lA*, Ac. Sff. n. Adv. -t&,Ac.ag. -vtL,N.sg.n. -y*,N.sg.n. Ind. gxm,3sg.Pret.Par.

with the together to destruc- everything else but goes. (64>

body tion

^fr sf?r

yad, ad,3ff. yad, O. sg. m. Ind. -s*,Ac.sg. -blia, G.dM.

IV.sg.m. Pres.Par.Who eats of whom when the flesh, of both behold the difference,

.m. -k, N. sg.f. -tt.N.sg. -ya.JV.ay.

of the one momentary enjoyment, the other of life

muc\nerithv\,3sg.Pre*.Pa*t.

deprived. (65)

mri, tr. ff. n. Pic. Put. Pan. Ind. yad, N. sg. n, -kha, JV. iff. -sha, O. tg. jn with upa, 8 sg. Pret. A(m.' It must be died,' thus what pain of a man is produced,

II H

-ya, If. Sff. m. tad, 7. sg. n. -na, I. sg. -ra, A'. .^. M. Ind. raksh wift pari, /n/1

possible by that analogy an enemy even to save. (66)

02

( 44 )

t i

srii, 2 sa. Imp. Ind.Par.

Ttp. -ta, /. sg. m. or . -ka, I. sg. Ind.

Listen again; By the spontaneously-in the wood-growing herb even it is filled,

t with pra, 3 s0.Pres. Pass.

II II

idam, G. Karm. -ra, G. sg. -tha, L. sg. kirn, N. sg. m.sg. n. Adv.of this burnt-stomach on account of

kri, 3 sg. Pot. -ka, Ac. sg. -hat, Ac.Par. sg. n.

who would commit a crime great ? (67)

Ind. vas, with vi, Ger.C'aus.

Thus having made to confide,

tad, N. sg. m. -ra, N.sg. Ttp, -ra, i. s#. stha, N. sg. m. past Ind.Pic. Pass.

that cat in the tree-hollow remained. Then,

-iia, L. pi. gam, L. pi. m. or n.

Ptc. Pres. Par.Ttp. -ka, Ac. pi. m. kram with a, Ger. -ra, Ac. sg.

the days passing on, of the birds-the young ones having approached, to the hollow

nl with a, Ger. Ayvay. khM, 3 sg. Pres. Par. yad, G. pi. m.

having brought, daily he eats.

-ya, N. pi. khad, N. pi. n.

past Ptc. Pass.

Of whom the young ones eaten,

tad, I. pi. m. Ttp.-ia.,I.pl.m. lap with vi, I. pi. m.Ptc. Pres. Par.

by those, sorrow-pained, wailing,

Ind. Ind. -s&,N.sg. rabh with satn-4 JV.

sg. f. past Ptc. Pass.

here (and) there enquiry begun.

tad, Ac. sg. n. yfi&,with\)tai,J3er. -ra,,N.sg. -r&,Ab.sg. sri wilh nis, Ger. Ind.

That having perceived, the cat from the hollow having slipped out

i

ay with pala, N. sg. m. Ind. kshin, /. pi. Ind. Ind. rftp vritli ni, I. pi. m.post Ptc. Pass. Ptc. Fran. Par.

away-gone^ . Afterwards by the birds here (and) there searching,

Ind.

Ttp. -ra, L. sg. Ttp. -thi, N. pi. ap with pra, N. pi. n. Ind. tati, JV. pi. m. vach, 3 pi,

past Ptc. Pass. PcrfPar.in the tree- of the young ones-the discovered. Thereupon they said :

hollow bones_au=i<tn:

idam, I. sg. m. Ind. -va, I. sg. asmad, G. pi. -\;*,N.pl.m. khad, N.p'.m. Ind. -va, L pi .m.

past Ptc. Pass.'

By this very Jaradgava of us the young ones eaten.' Thus by all

( 45 )

-kshin, N. pi. m. chi, with nia. Gar. Ind. uniad, If. iff.-ra, N. ty. pad with vi-a, jV. a. nt.

pott Ptc. Pans. Caut.

the birds having ascertained the vulture killed. Therefore I

br&, 1 .-//. liahvv. -la, O. tg. m.Fret. Par.

say : of one of unknown-family-(and) character,

Mahuv. -di, Ac. sg. n. Ind.

etc. Thus

karri, wilA a, Ow. tad, JV.

*9-

having heard. that

-km, N. iff. Avyay. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par. -ga, O. sg. Tfp. -na, L. sy. -vat, N. sg. m. Ind.

jackal with anger says : Of the deer on the first-seeing-day you also

Bahuv. -la, ^V. sg. m. Ind. Ind. Ind. -vat, /. sg. m. Ind. etad, O. sg. m.

one of unknown-family-(and) character just; then how you with of him

T

Tip. -ti .V. sg. Ind. vridh, 3 sg. Pres. 'Aim.

the affection-continuance higher-higher grows?

Ind. Karm. -na, N. sg. Ind. as, 3 sg. Slagh, JV. sa. m. Ind. Bahuv. -dhl, 2V. sg. m, Ind.Pres. Par. Pie. Put. Pass.

Where a learned-man not is, to be praised there one of little-intellect even,

Bah-Hv. -pa, L. sg. m. -sa, L. sg. -da, N. sg. Ind. drumaya, 3 sg. Pres. Aim.

in an of trees-deprived place the Eranda plant even is considered a tree. (68)

ffit

-ja, JV. sg. w. Jrti/. idam, A^ sg.m. -]&, ff. sg. m. -ro, 2V. //. m. Itul. Jnd. -n^N.sg. Bahnv. -tas, O.pZ.m.

Again and, 'This one of us, a stranger or' thus calculation of the narrow-

minded,

o. -ta. G. pi. m. Ind. Ttp. -dhft, JV sg. Ind. -ka, Jf. sg.

of persons of generous-conduct on the contrary the earth even a family. (69)

*rY TTO ^

Ind. (<\*m,Nsg.m.

this deer of ine

Ind. -?at,

a friend, thus you

Ind.

also. The deer

( 46 )

_ vR[rrs I

r. kirn, N.sg.n, vdxm,I.sg. n. -r&,I.sg. -v&,I.pl.m. Ind. Tip. -pa, I. pi.

said : What with this discussion ? by all in one place, with confidence-

talks,

-kl sin, /. pi. m. stha, 3 scj. Imp. Pass.

happy let be remained.

Ind. Ind. Ts.\m-tM*,,N.sg.m. G.sg.m. -r&.N'.sg. Ind. kirn-chit, N. G.sg.m. -pu.AI sg.

sg.m.

For, Not anybody of anybody the friend, not anybody of any body the enemy,

-r&,I.sff. -r&,N.pl. l&n,Z.pl.Pres.Atm. -pu,N.pl. Ind.

through intercourse friends are made, enemies likewise. (70)

irnr:

-ka, I.sg. vach, N.sg.n. Ind. as.'Ssy. Ind. Ind. -va, A' Kami, -sa, Ac. sg. ga,m, ff. pi. m.post Ptc.Poss. Imp.Por. pl.m. post Ptc.Pass.

By the crow said : Thus it be. Now in the morning all to ad libitum- gone.place

Ind. -ta, Ac. sg. n. -la, 2f. sg. brft. 8 sg. -khi, V. sg. idam, .L. sg, m. Ttp. -Sa, L. sg, Karm. -ra,

Adv. Pres. Aim. N. sg.

One day secretly the jackal says: Friend, in this ofthe wood- acorn-tilled-

one part field

as, 3 sg. tad, Ac. asmad, yushmad, nt, Ger. driS, 1 sg. Ind. kri, L. sg. n. pastPres. Par. sg.n. N.sg. Ac. eg. Pres.Par. Caus. 'Ptc.Pass.

is, that I, thee having conducted, show. Thus done

as, L. sg. n. -ga, N. sg. Avyay. Ind. gam, Ger. -ya, Ac. sg. khad, 3 sg. Ind. Ttp. -ti, 7. sg.Ptc. Pres. Par. Pres. Par.

being, the deer daily there having gone the corn eats. Now by the field-

owner

tad, Ac. sg. n. dji, Ger. -6&, N. sg. yuj, N. sg. m, past Ind. Ind. gam with &,N.sg. m.Ptc. Pass. Cents. past Ptc. Pass.

that having perceived a snare fixed. Thereupon again approached

-ga, N. sg. -sa, I. pi. bandh, N. sg. m. cMnt, 8 sg. kim, 2V. asmad, Ind. Ttp. -Sa, Ab. sg.

past Ptc. Pass. Impf.Par. sg.m. Ac.sg.the deer by the snares caught thought: Who me from here from the death-

snare,

( 47 )

In.l. Ttp. -ia, J6. sg. trai, /n/". -ra, X6. ?. -jm,M ?. m. -tha, N. g. m. Ind.

as it were, from the hunter's- to save, from the friend different, able ? There

-ra, L. ff. n. Adv. -k:i, X. sg. m. Ind. gam with a, Ger. stlid, t/u//t upa. JV. *0.m. chint, 8 V- Imp/J'ar.past Ptc. Pass.

meantime the jackal there having gone, near-stepped thought:

-\A,N.sg.f. Ind. asmad, O.pl. Ttp. -dha, I. sg. Ttp. -dhi, N. sg. etad, G.sff.m.

Fruit-bearing then of us through the deceit-plot the wish-accomplishment; of him,

krit urithud, G.sg.m.Ptc. Pret. Pass.

Ttp. -ta, 2V. pi. . -thi, Jf.pl. asmad, I.sg.

being cut up, the flesh-blood-smeared bones by me

Ind. aptrt/Apra, JV.p/.n. Ptc. Fut. Pass.

surely to be got.

<rrf%

l*d,N.pl.n. -y&,Liff. -n&,N.pl. bhft,3pi.JFVMi.Par. -ea>,fr.sff. tad, Ac. sg. m. driS, Ger.

They in abundance food will be. The deer him having seen

las with ud, 2V. sg. m. brA, Zsg. -khi,V.sff. chhid, 2sg. Ind. asmad, O.sg. -\\a.,Ac.sg. Avyay. tnu, 2 sg

past Ptc. Pass. Caus. Pres.Atm. Imp. Par. Imp.Atm.

delighted says: Friend, cut now of me the fetter; quickly deliver

asmad, Ac. sg.

me.

Ind.

For,

d, L. pi. -ra, Ac. sg. jfia, 8 ^r. Po^. Par. -dha, i. fl'.

In misfortunes a friend one may know, in battle

-ya, Ac. ay. kshi, L. pi. n. post Ptc. Pass, -ta, X. pi.

a wife in lost riches,

-na, L. pi. Ind.

in troubles and

-ra, Ac. ag. -na, i. jgr. -chi, Ac. sg. m.

a hero, in debt an honest man,

-ya, Ac. pi.

relations. (71)

-ra, N.sg.n. Ind. -vt^L.sg. -ra^L.sg. Ind. Ind. -sha.Z.?. Ttp. -ya, L. sg.

Another and, At a festival, in affliction and even, in dearth, in reign-revolution,

rf%*f?T n

Ttp. .ra, L. ag. -na., L. sg. Ind. yad, Jf. stha, 3 sg. tad, AT.

sg.m. Pres.Par. sg. m.at the king's door, on the cemetery and who stands, he a friend. (72)

( 48 )

ka, N. sg. Ind. Ind. -sa,Ac.sg. lokwith\i, chint, Ss^. $h&,N'.sg.m. Ind. \da,m,N.sg.m.Ger. Impf. Par.

The jackal again-again the snare having eyed thought: Strong so far this

: i

-dha, N. sg.

fetter ;

brft, 3 sg. Pres. Atm.

says

Ind.

and :

-khi, F. sg.

Friend,

Tip. -ta, If. pt. m.

of sinews-made

etad, N. pi. m.

these

-a, N. pi. Ind. Ind. -r&.L.sg. Ind. eiad,Ac.pl.m. -ta,,I.pl.Pres. Par.

snares, therefore to-day on a Sun-day how these with the teeth I touch ?

spriS, \sg.Pres.

ra, F. sg. Ind. -ta, L. sg. Ind. Ind. man, 2 sg. Pres. Atm. Ind. -ta, L. sg.

Friend, if in thy mind not otherwise thou thinkest, then in the mornin^

yad, N. sg. n. yushmad, I. sg. m. vach, N. sg. n. Pic. Put. Pass. iad,N.sg.n. \ir\,N.sg.n.Ptc.Fut.Pas9.

what by thee to be said, that to be done.

Ind. vach, Ger. Tip. -pa, L. sg. -man, Ac. sg. chhad with .1, Ger. stha, N. sg. m.past Ptc. Pass.

Thus having said, of him-in the neigh- himself having concealed stoodbourhood

^rr^r:

isA,N,sg.m. Ind. t&d,N.sg.m. -ka, N.sg. Tip. -la. L. sg. -%a.,Ac.sg. Karm.-ta,,Ac.sg.m.

he. Thereupon that crow at evening-time the deer not-returned

lok with ava, Ger. Ind. Ind. ish with anu, Ger. -dha, Ac. sg. m. dris, Ger.

having seen, here (and) there having searched, the so-conditioned having seen,

vach, 3 sg. Perf. Par. -khi, V. sg. kim, N. sg. n. etad, N. sg. n. -ga, /. sg. vach, N. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass.

said : Friend, what this ? By the deer said :

Karm. -ya, G. Sff. -la, N. sg. etad, N. sg. n.

Of the slightedrfriend's-word the fruit this.

Ind. Ind. vach, N. sg. n. pastPtc. Pass.

Thus and said :

( 49 )

d, O. pi. Bah*e. -m, C. i>l. m. yail, jV. iff. m. Sru, Say. Pret. Par. Ind. -U, Ae. iff.

Of friends well-wishing who hears not the word,

pad. y. iff. dlii with smni-ni. JV. ?./. tad. G. ig. m. N. eg. m. -ra, N. tg. Ttp. -in, If. ig. m.

pott Ptc. Pan.

adversity near of him ;that man an enemy-dehghter. (73)

-ka,.y. ?. bra,3fi.Pre.^m. tad, Ar. ig. m. -\m,N.sg. Ind.

The crow says: that rogue (jackal) where does he sit? By the deer

i

vach. If. sa. n. Ttp. -thin. JV. sg. w. stha, 3 sg. Pros. Par. Ind. Ind. Jt*,N.ig.

pent Ptc. Pott. Pr<-

said : For my-flesh-longing he stands there just. The crow says :

vw\\.N.tg.n. Ind.

past Ptc. Pass.

Said indeed by me before

-dba,.y. sg. Ind. aamad, G.*^. as, 3 40. Pr. Par. Ind. Ind. eUd, .ZV. r. n. Ttp. -nt., N. tg.

' An offence not of me is/ thus not this for confidence-a reason,

vid, 3 *p. Pre. Pass. Ind. -sa, .46. pZ. m. -ya, JV. *0. -vat, O. pi. m. Ind.

it is known for from the mischievous danger of the virtuous even. (74)

Ttp. -dha, Ac. tg. Ind. Tip. -ya,Ac.sg. -tt,Ac.tg.

Of a lamp-extinction-the smell and, a friend's-word, the star Arundhati,

Ind. ghr&,$pl.Prs.Par. Ind. ru,3p/. 7nd. drift, Spf. JSaAnw. -yus, JV.pZ. w.Prc*. Par. Pr. Par.

not smell, nol hear, not see those whose life-is gone. (75)

C .

-slia, . j7. -w. 71

/?). -t ri, Ac. sg. m. -aha, Z. jy. M. ZYp. -din, Je. tg. m.

Away from-the eye design-destroying, before-the eye kind words-speaking,

vrij, Ssg. Pot. Par. -&&,Ac.sg.n. m.Ac.tg. Tfp.-b]m,Ac.sp.

one should avoid such a friend, a poison-pot having a milk-aurface. (76)

R

TTFT: imrf t c^ro i

/wd. -ka, .Zy.afl'. -gha, ./ic. sg. n. Adv. svas wth nis, Ger. Ind. -k&,V.sg. kim,N.sg.n.

Then the crow deeply having sighed : Alas, rogue, what

yushmad, I. sg. Bahuv. -man, /. sg. m. kri, 2V. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass. Ind.

by thee -wicked-deeds performing done ? For,

lfi.r>withsam,G.pl.m. -r,I.pl.n. -ohas, 7.#post Ptc. Pass. Carts.

Of those addressed with sweet words,

Karm. -ra,, I. pi. Ind. vast-kri, G. pi. m.past. Ptc. Pass.

with pretended-services and enchanted,

-vat, G. pi. m.

n

srad-dh&, G. pi. m. Ind. -ka,,L.Ptc. Pres. Par.

Ind. -thin, G.pl.m.

of the hopeful, of the confiding and in the why of supplicantsworld,

n

va,nch,N.sg.n.Ptc. Fut. Pass. Caus.

cheating to bedone is? (77)

-rin, L. Srswnbh with vi, L.fff.m. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

Upon the the confident,

beneficent,

Eahuv. -ti,

( 51 )

-na L. eg. -la, Ac. ig. n. kim, Ac. sg. n. Ind. ru, 3 g. Pres. Par. Ind. -m, Ac. g. n.

in the ear tune some be burnt* softly a wondrous one ;

-r Ac. sg. rftp with ni, Oar. -h8, 7. sg. vis, with pra, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Bahuv. -ka, ff. tg. m.

a hole having espied with baste he enters fearless ;

va, -4(r. *p. n. -la, 0. *0. m. -ta, Ac. sg. n. -ka, N. sg. kri, 3 *0. Pre*. Par.

the whole of the wicked conduct the gnat practises. (80)

A wicked

ft*fir

.m. Ind. Ind.

a kind words-speaking and, not this

Ttp.-\Ok,N.g.

a confidence-reason,

-dhu, N. sg. n. stha, 3 sg.Pres. Par.

honey

s.

TTHTff

fW II ^^ II

Tip. -ra, L. sg. -d, i. sg. -la, J^. *flf. n. -sha, N. sg.

stands on the tongue-tip, in the heart Halahala poison. (81)

Ind. -ta, L. sg. Tip. -ti, N. sg. Bdhuv. -ta, N. sg. m. tad, Ac. -a, Ac. sg. gam with a, N. sg.msg. m. Ptc. Pres. Par.

Now in the morning the field-owner staff-in hand that place approaching

: i

ku,I.sg. lokwith&v^N.sg. tad.^c. lokwi^a, Ger. -ka,J.flr.m. past Ptc. Pass. sg. m.

by the crow espied. Him having seen by the crow

vach.N. iff. n. past -ttii,V.Sff.Ptc. Pass.

said : Friend

ga, V. sg yuslimad, -man, Ind. dris with sam, Ger. -ta, 7. sg. -ra, Ac. sg. prt, Ger.N. sg. Ac. sg. Caus.

deer, thou thyself dead-like having shown, with wind the stomach having filled,

-da, Ac.pl. stabdhi-kri, Ger. stha, 2 sy. Ind. asmad, -da, Ac. sg. kri, 1 xy. Pres. Ind. yushrarul,Imp. Par. ff. sg.

'

Par. * N. sg.

the feet having stiffened, remain. When I a noise make, then thou

sthi with ud, Ger. Avyay. ay with pala, 2 sg. -ga, A', sg. Ind.Put. u. Por.

having got up with-haste wilt run away. The deer thus

Ind. Ttp. -na, 7. sg.

just by the crow's-word

i era:

stha, N. sg. ru. past Ptc. Pass.

remained.

Ind. Tip. -ti, 7. iff. Bahuv. .na, 7. sg. m. -dha, JV. *0. m.

Then by the field- whose eyes-(were) ex- the so-conditioned

owner, panded-with joy,

H 2

( 52 )

wft sft i T<HS!T& ^9

mr\,N.sg.m. as,Zsg.Prespast Ptc. Pass. Par.

deer perceived.' Ha ! of thyself dead thou art.' Thus having said the deer

-ga, N. ]ok with , N". sff. Ind. Ind.. mr\,N.sg.m. as,Zsg.Pres. Ind. vach, Ger. -ga,Ac.sg.sg. m. past Pic. Pass. past Ptc. Pass. Par.

-vt&,Ab.sg. much, Ger. -sa,,Ac.pl. grab, Inf. Bahuv.-na,,N. bhft, 3,sg. Ind.sg. m. Per/. Par.

from the fetter having delivered, the snare to take up busy he was. Then

Ttp.-d&,Ac.sg. iru, Ger. -g&,N.'sg. Avyay. stha with ud, Ger. ay with pal4, If. sg.m. past Ptc. Pass.

the crow's-voice having heard, the deer with-haste having risen, escaped.

t&H,Ac. diswithud, tad, I.sff. Ttp.-t\,I.sg. kship, 7. sg. m. past -da,,I.sg. -la,,N.sg. ban, N. sp. m.

sff.m. Ger. m. Ptc. Pass. past Ptc. Pass.

Him aiining-at by that field-owner with a thrown stick the jackal killed.

Ind. Ind. vah,N.sg.n. tri,I.pl. -sha,,I.pl. tr\,I.pl. -s&,I.pl. irij.pl. -aha,,I.pl. tri,I.pl. -na,ZpostPtc.Poss. pi.

Thus and said: In three years, in three months, in three fortnights, in three days,

Karm. -ta, I. pi. n. Dvandva. -ya, I. pi. n. Ind. Ind. -la, Ac.sg. as,3sg.Pres.Atm.

through extraordinary good (and)-bad (actions) here even the fruit one reaps. (82)

si

Ind. asrnad, hrft, 1 sg. Dvandva. -ka, G. du. -ti, N. sg. BaTvuv. -di, -ka, N. sy. Ind. ah, S sg.N. sg. Pres. Par. Ac. sg. n. Perf. Par.

Therefore I say: Of the food -(and) the etc. The crow again says:

the eater affection,

bhaksh, I sg. m. past Ptc. Pass. Ind. -'vxb,I.sg.m. Ind. -ra, JV. sg. asmad, G. sg. m. -la^N.sg.m.

Eaten even by you not the food of me plenteous,

yushmad.i.s^. jiv, L. sg. m. Ptc. Pres. Par. 1 sg. Pres. Par. ahuv.-v&,N.sff. Ind. Sahuv.-gh&,V.sg.

in thee living I live, Chitragriva like, oh harmless ! (83)

.ya, N. sg. n. Ind. tiryach, G. Ind. -B&, JV. sg. drls, AT. sg. m. Bahuv. -man, G. pi. m.pLm. past Ptc. Pass.

Again and, Of brutes even confidence^ is seen (performing) pure-only-actions,

( 53 )

t. Q.pl.m. Ind. -tvt.Ab.sg. . Karm. -va, *f. sg. Ind. vrituiUhnl.&ig.Prei.Atm.

of the good for from good-character the natural-disposition not turns away. (84)

i

Ind. -dbu,O.sg.m. kupw/Mpra, G.*0.m. Ind. -nn8,N.*g. Ind. y&withk,3sg. -yt^Ac.sg.past Ptc. Pass. Cant. Pret. Par.

Moreover, of the good irritated even the mind not goes-to change,

T f%

Ind. Ind. tap, Inf. Caus. -ya, N. sg. n. Ttp. -bhas, N. sg. Tip. -ka, /. sg.

Not for to heat possible the ocean-water with a straw-fire. (85)

"Wrf i

-lak,N.sg. brd,3^ff. -la, Ar. sg. m. yushmad, -la, I. sg. Ind. -\i*,N.sg. Ind.

Pres. Aim. N. sg.

Hiranyaka says : Unsteady thou, an unsteady one with friendship by any means

Ind. kri, 2V. sg. m. Pte. Put. Pass,

not to be made.

<T*IT

Ind. Ind. vach, ff.sg.

n. -ra, N. sg. -sha, N. sg. -sha, N. sg. -ka, N. sg. Karm. -sha, *V. sg. Ind.fast Ptc. Pass.

Thus and said : A cat, a buffalo, a ram, a crow, a bad man likewise,

: ir n

. sg. bhanYApra,3pZ. etad, N. pi. m. -s&,N.sg. Ind. Ind. -ia.,N.sg.m.Pres. Par.

from confidence become strong these ; confidence there not proper. (86)

Ind. -y&,N.sg.n. Bahwv.-da&.N.sg.in. -vat, N. asm ad, vach, N. so. n. pott Ind. etod.JV.sg.i*. O.pl. Ptc. Pass. sg.*.

Besides another; with the enemies-siding you of us; said and this:

-ru, /. sg. Ind. Ind. dba tcith satn, 3 sg. Karm. -(a, /. sg. m. Ind. -dhi, /. sg.Pot. Par.

With an enemy not surely one should unite through a well-fastened even union,oneself

Karm. -ta, N. sg. n. Ind. -ya, A', sg. Sam, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Cant. Ind. -ka, Ac. sg.

well-heated also water quenches yet the fire. (87)

(54

)

Karm. -na, N. sg. hri with pari, N. sg. m. -ya, /. sg. kri tciiA alam, 2V. sg. m. Ind. as, JV~. sg. m. Ptc.Ptc. Put. Pass. past Ptc. Pass. Pres. Par.

A. wicked man to be avoided with knowledge decorated even being,

-ni, /. 5r. bhftsh, A*". sg. m. -y&,AT.sg. Ind. adas, N. sg. m. Ind. Ttp.-ra,N.sg.in.

past Ptc. Pass.

with the jewel decorated the serpent, (is) he not terrific ? (88)

yad, N. Karm.-ya^N. Ind. tad, N. -y&,N.Sff.n. yad, N. -y&,N.sg.n. id. Ind. tad.N.sg.n.tg. n. sg. n. sg. n. sg. n.

What impossible, not that possible; what possible, possible certainly that;

Ind. -ka, L. sg. -fa, N. sg. y, 3 sg. Pres. Ind. Ind. iiau, N. sg. gam, 3 sg. Pres. -la, L. sg.Par. Par.

not in water a cart goes, not and a ship goes on dry land. (89)

fNftfir

-r&,N.sg.n. Ind. -hat, I. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -ra, I. sg. yad, N.sg.m. svas with vi, 3 sg. -ru,L.pl.Pres. Par.

Another and, With great even wealth-affluence who confides in enemies,

rf<ftf TO~y&,L.pl. Ind. ranj with vi, L. pl.f. Bahuv. -ta, N.sg. it. t&A,G.sg.m. -r\9.,N.sg.

gast Ptc. Pass.

in wives and disaffectiouate, there-ending of him the sustenance. (90)

I

-ka, JV. sg. brft, S^sp. Pres. Sru, N. sg. n. past asmad, I. sg. -va, AT. 5/7. n. Ind. Ind. aamad,Aim. Ptc. Pass. G. sg.

Laghupatanaka says: Heard by me all. Thus even of me

Ind. --ra,t,N.sg.m. -p&,N.sg. yusliniad, Ind. -y&,N.sg. -ya, Ac. sg. n. 'kri,N.sg.n.J:>tc. Ind.

I.sg. Adv. Fut.Pass.

and such the resolution : 'Thee with friendship necessarily to be made,' thus;

f% I

Ind. Ind. Karm. -ra, I. sg. -man, Ac. sg. pad with vi-a, 1 sg. Fut. ii. Par. Caus. Ind. Ind.

not ifr through want of food myself I shall kill. Thus for :

Ind. -ya, 2f. sg. m. (rt. bhid) -na, 2V- sg. m. Ind. Karm. -na. 2V. sg. bhfl, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

Earthen- easy-to be broken, difficult-to be and, the wicked man is ;

pot-like united

( 55 )

Karm. -na, Intl. Ind. -ya, N. sg. m. Ind. -ya, A". q. m. (rt. dha toith sani)N.sg. Ptc. Put. Pott.

the good on the golden-pot-like difficult-to and easily to be united. (91)man, contrary be broken

Iml. -tva, Ab. sg. Karm. -ha, G. pi. -ta, Ab. sg. Dvandva. -kshin, O. pi.

Moreover, From iluxibility of all-metals, from a motive of beasts- (and) birds,

II -^ II

yi^Ab.sg. -bha, Ab. sg. Ind. -kha, (?. p. -t*,N.sg.n. -TM,Ab.sg. -t,G.pl.i.

from fear, cupidity and, of the fools the union, from sight of the good. (92)

i ^Tft^nmrarrrr f'^fa sft f%Ind. Bahuv. -ra, N. pi. m. dris, 3 pi. Pres. Pass. Ind. Ind. Karm. -na, N. pi.

Moreover, Cocoanut-like-formed are seen also indeed the good- men,

-y, N. pi. m. Bahuv. -ra, JV. pi. m. Ind. Ind. Tip. -ra. If. pi. m.

others jujube-shaped externally merely charming. (93)

sfr

Ttp. -da, L. sg. Ind. -dhu, O. pi. m. -na, JV. pi. Ind. ya with a, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -ya, Ac. sg.

In love-in- even of the good the virtues not go-to change,

terruption

-ga, L. sg. Ind. Ind. -la, G. pi. bandh vrith anu, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -tu, N. pi.

in the fracture even for of lotus stalks remain connected the fibres. (94)

-ya, N. sg. n. Ind. -tva, N. sg. n. -la, N. sg. -ya, N. sg. -ya, N. tg. Dvandva. -kha, L. du.

Again and, Purity, generosity, bravery, constancy in happiness (and)-misfortune,

n

-ya, If. sg. Ind. -ti, 2f. sg. Ind. -ta, If. sg. Ind. Ttp. -na, JV. pi.

rectitude and, attachment and, veracity and, a friend's-qualities. (95)

ctad, /. pi. m. -ia>,I.pl. iwithupn..Jf.sg.m. Ttp.-y*,N.sg.m. asraad,/. sg. kiin.A". -d. .V. sg.past Ptc. Pass. sg. m.

With these qualities endowed but you-nnothcr bv me who as a friend

4p with nra. A', sg. m. Ealiuv. -di, Ac. sg. *. Tip. -na, Ac.sg. karn -//A 4, -V, If. sg.Pic. Fvt. 1'axs. Ger.

to be found? Thus-beginning of him- the speech having heard, Hiranyaka

( 56 )

Ind. sri with nis, Ger. ah, 3 sg. pyai with a, N. sg. m. asmad, N. sg. -vat, G. idara, /.

Perf. Par. past Ptc. Pass. Caw. pi. m. sg. n.

forth out-slipping says : Regaled I of you by this

^r^rRW i ?roT

Ttp. -ta, I. sg. Ind. Ind. vach, N. sg. n. past Ptc. Pass.

word-nectar. Thus and said :

Ttp. -ta, Ac. sg. m. Ind. Ind. Karm. -la, /. pi. -na, JV. sg. Ind. Ttp. -11, A7. $y.

The heat- oppressed not thus with cool-waters bathing, not a pearl-necklace,

Ind. Ttp. -na, 2V. sg. sukhaya, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Avyay. Ind: ji, 1?. sg. n. past Ptc.Pass. Cans.

not sandal-ointtnent comforts, limb by limb even applied,

-ti, D. sg. Ttp. -fa, N. sg. bhi\ with pra, Ind. Ind. -t&s,G.sg.3 sy. Pres. Par.

to the gratification of good-men-the speech serves commonly as of the mind,

Karm. -ti, I. sg. Ind. kri with puras, N. sg. n. -tin, G. pi. m. Eahwo. -ma, N. sg. n.

past Pic. Puss.

with good -argu- and put-forth of the good, attraction-charm- (36)nient equal.

I

-ya, A*, sg. n. Ind. Ttp. -da, 2V. sg. -na, 2V. sg. Ind. -ya, 2V. sg. -ta, 2V. sg.

Again and, Secret-betrayal, begging and, severity, fickle-mindedness,

H

dha, 2V. sg. -ta, 2V. sg. -ta, 2V. sg. etad, 2V. sg. n. -ra, G. sg. -na, 2V. sg.

anger want-of truth, gambling,' this a friend's fault. (97)

idam, /. sg. m. Ttp. -ma, /. sg. Ttp. -ua, N. sg. Ind. yushmad, L. sg. Ind. laksh, 3 sg. Pres. Pas

Through this speech- course ofthem-one- even in thee not is perceived :

fault

^<znrTf^Ind. -tva, 2V. sg. -tva, 2V. sg. Ttp. -ga, I. sg. budl), 3 sg. Pres. Pass.

For, Eloquence, veracity, through the speech-course is known,

n

-tva, 2V. sg. -ya, 2V. sg. -ksha, /. sg. n. Adv. gam with ava, S sg. Pret. Pass.

unsteadiness, fickleness, at sight is discovered. (98)

( 57 )

~r*,N.tff.*. Ind. Irut. Ind. Ind. 'd&,2?.tff. bhfi, 3 sy. Pot. Par. fla>tv. -man, G.sg. m.

Another and, Otherwise truly for the friendship will be of the pure-minded,

n t-~t~ n

vrit <* pra, 3 sg. Prat. Aim. Ind. -nl, N. tff. Bnhvv. -Us, G. sg. m.

proceeds otherwise the language of one whose heart-is affected- (9U)by deceit.

-nas, 7,.. -ys>,N.sg.n. . sg. Hahuv. -man,G. pi. m.

In the mind another thing, in the speech another, the action another of the wicked,

-naa,L.sg. -k,A'. sg. n. -chas, L. sg. -ka^JV. -rn&n,L.ag. -ka,JV. Bahuc. -m*n, G. pi. m.Sff. n. sg. H.

in the mind one thing, in the speech one, in the action one of the noble-minded. (100)

Ind. bhd, 3 iff. -vat, G. sg.m. man iw<A abhi, N.sg. n. /nd. JJ. vaoh, <?er. -ka,^. *jr.

/wp. Por. po<. Ptc. Pass.Therefore be of you the wished even. Thus having said Hiranyaka

er. Tip. -sha, /. pi. -sa.J<j. #. tush fsam, Or. COM.

friendship having made, with food-dainties the crow having regaled, the hole

sft T?T: i

vis with, pra, AT. //. . -sa, ff. iff. Ind. Karm. -na, Ac. sg. gain A", sg. m. Ind. Ind. tad, G. civ. in-

past. Ptc. Pass. past Ptc.Pass.

entered. The crow also to his-place gone. Thence-forward of those two

Tip. -na, /. sg. Ttp. -na, I. pi. Ttp. *pa, /. pi. Ind. -la, N. sg. vrit wtth ati, 3 sg. PrttMm .

with mutual* with health- with confidential- and, the time passes by.

food-presenting, enquiries, conversations

i

Ind. -k, N. sg. -ka, Ac. sg. ah, 3 sg. Perf. Par. -khi, V. sg. Eahuv. -ra, Ac. tg. n.

One day Laghupatanaka to I liranyaka says : Friend, with very difficult-to

be procured-food

idani, Ac. sg. n. -na>,Ac.sg. tyaj with pari, Ger. Ttp. -IK, Ac. sg. gain, //. Ish, 1 sg. Pnt. Par*

this place having left to another place to go I wish.

I

(58 )

i

brft, 3 sg. -ra, F. a^. Jwd. gam, 2V. s.?. n.Ptc. Ind. Ind. vah,lV.sg.n.pagt

Pres.Mm. Fut.Pass. Ptc. Pass.

Hiranyaka says : Friend, where to be gone ? Thus and said :

chl, S sg. Pres. Par. -ka, Leg. m. -da, 7. </. stii&, 3 sg. Pros. Par. -k&,I.sg.m. ~ma,i,N.sg.m.

He goes with one foot, he stands with one, the wise man,

R ^TT'f

Ind. ikahwitha&m,Ger.wUha. -fa.,Ac,sg.n. -n&,Ac.sg. -va.,Ac.sff.n. -na^Ao.sff. tyaj, 3 sg. Pot. Par.

not, without-having seen another place, the former abode one should leave. (101)

.nff. brfi,3sg.Pres.Atm. as,3sg.Pres.Par, Karm. -na, N. sg. -ka,,N.sff, \aA,3sg.Impf. Par.

The crow says : There is a well-investigated-place. Hiranyaka said :

fif <TfTN I

kirn, JV. sg. n. tad, N. sg. n. -sa, N. sg. brtt, 3 sg. Pres. Atm. as, 3 sg. Pres. Par. Karm. -ya, L. sg.

What that ? The crow says : There is in the Dandaka-wood

Bahuv. -na, N. sg. n. -ras, N. sg. Ind. Ttp. -ta, N. sg. m. Karm. -d, A", sg. asmad, &. sg.

Karpuragaura-named a lake; there since a long-time- a dear-friend ofmeacquired

. -na, N. sg. m. -pa, N. sg. -ka, N. sg. m. vas with prati, 3 sg. Pres. Par.

Manthara-named a tortoise, virtuous, dwells.

Ind. Ttp. -6a, L. sg. -ya, N. sg. -va, G. pi. m. -ra, N. sg. n. nri, G. pi.

For, In to others-advice skill of all easy of men,

-ma, L. sg. -ya, N. sg. n. -na, N. sg. kim-chid. G. sg.m. Ind. Bahuv. -man, G. sg.m.

in virtue one's own practice of some one, indeed, highminded. (102)

i

tad, N. sg. m. Ind. Ttp. -slia, I. pi. asmad, Ac. sg. vndh with sam. .3 sg. -ka, JV. 517.

Fut. ii. Par. Cnus.

He and with food-dainties me will treat. Hiianyaka

( 59 )

i Jinr^nraire *rer

/</. ah. S sg. Per/. 2nd. kim,X*j/.n. /></. stha with ava,Ger. asniad,/.#. Lfi.A'.ty.n. Pic. Fut.Paii.

also says : Then, what, here staying, by me to be done ?

/ad. yad, . p. . -sa, L. sg. Ind. -na, JV. tg. Ind. -ti, JV. ? *<*- /<* -v, AT p-

For, In which place not honour, not employment, not and a friend,

Ind. Ind. Tip. -ma, JV. sg. kim-ehid, tad, Ac. sg. m. -sa, Ac. sg. vj-ij with pari, 3 sg.2f. sg. m. Pot. Par.

not and knowledge- some, that place one should abandon. (103)advancement

ra, 2^. tg. n. Ind. Tip. -ra, N. sg. Karm. -ya, If. sg. -ja, N. sg. -ya, N. sg. -tft, N. sg.

Another and, Traffic, safety, shame, rectitude, generosity,

n \ n

-chan, If. Ind. Ind. vid, 3 pi. Pres. Pass. Ind. kri, 3 sg. Pot. Par. Ind. -ti, Ac. sg.

the five where not are found, not should one make there a residence. (104)

7d. -ra, V. sg. Ind. vas, Ptc.Fut. Pass. Ind. Ind. as, 3 tg. -ya, A'l v-

There, O friend, not to be dwelt where not is a collection of the four,

U V^i H

Ttp.~tfi,2f.sg.m. Ind. -yt^Jf.sg. Ind. -yi^Jf.sg. -\*,N.sg.f. -dl.N.sg.

a creditor and, a physician and, a Brahman learned full of water a river. (105)in the Vedas,

Ind. asmad, Ac. tg. Ind. Ind. ni, 2 sg. Imp. Par. Ind. -sa, N. sg. Ind.

Therefore me also there conduct. Then the crow there

tad,/, sg. n. -T&,I.sg. Ind. Karm. -pa, /. pi. -kha, 7. jgr. n. taA,O.sg.n. -na.G.sg. -p, Ac.sg.n.

that friend with, under various- pleasantly of that lake into the

conversations proximity

ya, 3 *g. Ind. -ra, N. sg. -ra, Ab. sg. n. lok with ava, -ka, O. sg.

Perf. Par. Adv. Qw.went. Then Manthara from afar having seen, of Laghupatanaka as-proper

i ftvnr

( 60 )

-ya, Ac. gff. dha, with vi, Ger. -ka, O. sg. Ttp. -ra, Ac. sg. kri, 3 sg. Perf. Par.

hospitality having performed, of the mouse hospitable-reception made.

Ind. -\&,N.sg. Ind. 2nd, lad. -dha, 2V. -van, 2V. Ind. -}m,Ae.sg. gxm with &, N. sg. i.sg. m. sg. m. past Ptc. Pass.

For, A child either, or an old man, a youth or to the house come,

11 II

tad, G. -ja, N. sg. dha *oith vi, 2V. sg.f. Ind. gam with abhi-a, N. sg. -ru, N. sg. m.sg. m. Ptc. Fut. Pass. m. past Ptc. Pass.

of him honour to be made; everywhere the arrived (guest) (is) an object (106)of respect.

-ru, AT. sg. m.

An object of

respect

-ni, N. sg. Sahuv. -ti, G. pi.

(is) fire for the twice-born,

-na, G. pi. -na, jff. sg.

for the castes the Brahman-ru, N. sg. m.

an object of

respect;

-ti, JV. sg. -ka, N. -ru, 2V. iig. m. -rl,G.pl. Ind. gam with abhi-a, 2V. -ru.^V.sg. m. sg. m. past. Ptc- Pass. sg. m.

the husband alone an object of for women; every- the arrived (guest) (is) an (107)

respect where object of respect.

-sa, N. sg. vad, 3 sg. -khi, V. sg. -ra, V. $ff. Karm. -ja, Ac. sg.

Impf. Par.The crow said : Friend Manthara, extraordinary-attention

idarn, D. dhft with vi, 2sg. m. sg. Imp. Par.to him pay ;

Ind. idaro, N. sg. m, Bahuv. -man, G. pi. m. -na, 2V. sg. m. Ttp. -ra, N. sg.

for he of the pure-actions the leader, of gentleness-

performing jewels-a mine,

Sahuv. -man,-2V. sg. m.

Hiranyaka-named,

Ttp. -ja, 2V. sg. etad, G. sg. m. Ttp. -ti, Ac. sg. Ttp. -ya, I. sg. Ind. Ttp. -ja, 2V. sg. Ind.

the mouse-king. Of him the virtue-praise with of tongues- even the serpent- not

two thousands king

Ind. kath, Inf. -tha, 2V. ?.. as, 3 sg. Pot.

ever to relate able would be.

Ind.

Thusvach, Ger.

having said,

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.

of Chitragriva-the tale

,

varn, TV. s^. m.Ptc. Perf. Par.

-ra, 2V. sg. Avyay. -ka, Ac. sg. -ra, V. sg.puj with sam, ah, 3 sff.

Ger. PerfPar.

(he) related. Manthara with-respect Hiranyaka having saluted says : My dear,

(61 )

man. O. tg. Tip, -na.^c. tg. khy& with arh, 2 g. -ka, N. iff. vad. H *g. kuth, 1 ?A, /</. Pres. Par. ///p/. Par, PretJ>ar>

of yourself the desert-wood-approaching- to tell deign. Iliranyaka said: 1 tell ;

i

firu. 3 tg. Imp. Pass, as, 3 so. Pres. Par. Bahuv. -na, L. sg.f. -rl, i. tg. Tip. -tha, A7. ?.

it may be beard : There ia in the Champaka-named town a mendicant-dwelling.

7nd.

Therein

fTOBahuv. -na, Ar

. *#.

Chudakarna

-man, Xc.tg. Adv.

by name

-vraj, N. tg.

a mendicant

vas toiM prati, 3 sg. tad, JV. ^r. m. Jnd.Pres. Par.dwells. He and

Tip. -ta, Ac. sg. n.

with-the of the meals remaining-alms-food

Tip. -ra, Ac. tg.

the alms-dish

Tip. -kav L. tg.

on a pin in the

wall

sthA with ava, Oer. Cavt.

having placed

svap, 3 sg. asmadPres. Par. N. sg.

sleeps. 1

Ind.

and

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg.

his- food,

plu with ud, Gir. Avyay.

having leaped up, daily

bhaksh 1 sg. Ind.Pres. Par.

eat. Thereupon

tad, O.tg. m.of him

Karm. -d, tf. sg. Bahuv. -na, N. tg. -man, Ac. tg. Adv.

the dear-friend Vinakarna byname

-ka, N. sg. yd with sam-A, N. iff.

m. past Ptc. Past.

a mendicant came.

tad, I. tg. m. Ind. Ttp. -ta, N. tg. m. (rt. stha). asmad, O. sg. Avyay. Ttp. -da, I. tg.

Him with in conversation-engaged of me for frighten- with a split-bamboo^ing's sake piece

Bahuv. -na,. -, -mi, Ac. tg. tad, 3 sg. Bahuv. -na, vach, 3 tg. -khi, V. tg. Ind. Ind. asm.id.N. tg. Impf. Par, N. sg. PerfPar. O. tff.

Chudakarna the ground struck. Vinakarna said: Friend, why thus of me

Ttp. -ta, N. tg. m. Ttp. -ta, N. tg. m. -vat, N. tg. m.

the speech-neglecting on something else-intent you ?

Bahuv. -na, I. tg. vach. A', tg. n.'

past Pass. Pie.

By Chudakarna said :

m.V.sg. Ind.

Friend, not

asmad,ff. sg.

I

i, N.tg.r*.past Ptc. Past.

absent;

Ind. dris. 2*7.

Imp. Par.but look,

idam. A*

tg. m.this

-ka, y. v. asmad, O. if.

mouse of me

( 62 )

<mrer

-rin, N. sg. m.

the plunderer

f^ >

( C3 )

Tip. -rl, ft. sg.

a merchant's-daugbter

nl iDiftt prl, N. tg.f. tad, N. sg.f. Ind. Bahuv. -tu. G. sg. i*. Tip. -tl, A', sg.

pott Ptc. Pott.

wedded. She and of the God of Love the victory-banner

fnd. -vat, jV. <jr./. bhft, 3*0. tad, A". #. m. 7nd. JTarw. -ti, AT. tff. iad,G.p.f. -sha, /). tff.

Perf. Par.

like youthful was. That and old-husband of her to the satisfaction

Ind. bhfl, 8 sg. Impf. Par.

not was.

Iitd.

For,

-sw,L.sg.m. Ind, Tip. 4a, G. pi. m. Tip. -ta, O. pi. m. -vi, L. sg. Intl.

In the moon as of the cold-pained, of the heat-oppressed in the sun as,

Wt II \t- II

-nas, N. sg. Ind. ram, 3 sg. Pros. Aim. -rt, Q. pi. Bahuv. -ya, L. sg. m. -ti, X. sg.

the mind not delights of women in a by old age-impaired- husband.senses possessing

(109)

Ind. Ari&,L.pl.n. -ihs, G. sy. Um,N.8ff.f. -mm, Ac. ta,Ar. sg.

past Pic. Pnss. sg. Adv.

what

.n. Ind. -i*,L.pl.n.

Again and, Grey hairs already being seen, of a man ever lovership?

-y, Ac. sg. Ind. man, Spl. PrfS. Aim. Ind. Sahvv. -nas, Jff. pl.f. -rl, N. pi.

a drug like they consider, since having others-in their hearts women. (110)

tad, Ar. .sv7. M. Ind. Kartn. -ti, N. sg. l*A,L.sg.f.

That and old-husband of her

Ind. -vtA,N.sg.m.

exceedingly fond;

Ind.

For,

v^nrrTtp.4b,N.sg. Tip. -SA, N. sg. Ind. ru.tf.sg.f. Ttp. -t, G. pi. m. Ind.

Wealth-hope, life-hope and, dear of the living beings always,

Tridh, G. fff. m. past Ptc. Pass, -na, A', sg.f. -ya, N. sg. -na, Ab. pi. Iml. -ru, A^ sg.f. Compar.

of an old man a youthful wife than life even dearer.

Ind. bbuj tci^A upa./jt/'. Ind. lad. tyaj,//. sak, 3 sg. Prcs. Par. -ya, Ac. pi. -rin, .V. .<<7. m.

Not enjoy, not and give up can the objects of sense an old mau,

( 64 )

tlii, Ac. sff. Bahv/o. -na, A'', sg. m. Svan, N. sg. Ind. -va, I. *^. lib, 3 sg. PresJ?. -la, -<ic. //. .

the bone a toothless dog as with the tongue licks merely. (112)

Ind. tad, JV. sg.f. -ii,N.sg. Ttp. -pa, Ah. sg. Bahuv.-$&,N.sg.f. kirn, I. sg. m. Ind.

Now that Lilavati through youth- having transgressed-of some

pride her family -the bounds

Ttp. -ra, I. sff. Ind. -vat, 2V. sfir./. bhfi, 3 .r. P/. Par.

merchant's-son with in love was.

7<i. -ya, JV. sg. Ttp. -ra, i. s^. -ti, N. sg. Ttp. -va, L. sg. -ti, .2V. *.

For, Independence, in the father's-house residing, at a public-festival attendance,

Ttp. -dhi, L. sg. -ma, N. sg. -sa, N. sg. -sa, -. sg. Ind.

of a company-in the presence want of-restraint, living in a strange-place and,

-ga, N. sg. Ind. -11, J. pi. Ind. -ti,G.Sff. -fa G. sg.f. -t\,N.sg.

associating with wanton women, repeatedly of the livelihood, of her own, waste,

n

-ti, G. sg. -ka, N. sg. -ta, 2V. sg. -na, 2V. sg. -sa, G. sg. -tu, 2V. sg. -rl, G. sg.

of the old age, jealousy, sojourn of the ruin the cause of a woman. (113)husband abroad,

.ra, 2V. sg. n. Ind. -na,2V.Sfir. Ttp.'f^.N.sg. -t\,I.sg. Ind. -h&,N.Sff. -n&, W. sff.

Another and, Drinking, with wicked- from the and separation,, roaming about,

associating, husband

it

-na,2V.*/7. Ind. Ttp. -ha, L. sg. -sa,,N.sg. -ri,G.pl. -na, ff.pl. shash, 2V.

Sleeping and, in another's-house dwelling, of women injurious, things six. (114)

-iia, 2V. sg. Ind. as,3sff.Pres. -nn.N.sg. Ind. as, 3 sg. Pres. Ind. sa,Ssff. -tri,2\r.y. -ra, 2V.fr.

Par. Par. Pres. Par. m.

A place not there is, a moment not there is, not there is a soliciting man,

C 65 )

H

tad, I. sg. n. Adv. -da, F. sg. rl, Q. pi. -tva, N. sg. jan with upa, 3 *?. Fret. Atm.

therefore, O N&rada, of women chastity is produced. (115)

Ind. -rt, G. pi. Karm. -ya, kirn-chid, N. sg. m. -ya, #. sg. m. Ind. Ind. Ind. rid, 3 tg. Pret.Ar

. sg. m. Pott.

Not of women disliked anyone, liked or also not is known,

go, ff.pl. -n*,Ac.tff. Ind. -ya, L. sg. &rihwithpr > 3pl.Pres.Par. -v&,Ac.sg.m.

cows grass as in a wood, they seek a new, a new one. (116)

-ra, N. sg. n. Ind. Tfp. -ma, N. sg.f. -ri, JV^. sg. Tip. -ma, Ar. /sp-. m. pums, A7

. *^

Again and, Butter-pot-like the woman, burning-coal-like the man,

ted, Ab.sg.n. -is^Ac.sff. Ind. -m, Ac. Ind. Ind. Ind. sth&, Zsg. -dha, A', sjr. m.Adv. ig. Pot. Par. Cans,

therefore butter and fire and not together should put a sage. (117)

Ind. -j4, AT. sg. Ind. -tva, A^ ^. Ind. -y, A^. s^r. Zwd. -ta, A7. *

Not shame, not modesty, not regard, not fear,

f%*rr: n \\ n

Tip. -va, N. tg. Ind. -ka, A^. sg. n. -tva, L. sg. -na, N. sg. -rl, G. sg.

of asking- the want merely the only for the chastity cause of a woman. (118)

ftfTT T^f ^V*flT *TfTT T^f^ ^^n I

-lj\, W. sg. raksh, 3 sg. Pros. Par. ra, L. sg. -tri, AT. sg. raksh, Ssg. Pres.Par. -nt^L.tg.

The father guards in infancy, the husband guards in youth,

^ft

.sg. Ind. -r&,L.sff.m. -vti,L.tg. Ind. -rl t tf.tg. -yt^Ac.sg.Par.

the son and in old state of life; not woman independence deserves. (119)

T *?PNl3<?tInd. itA,N.sg.f. ti.N.sg. Ttp. -ra, L. sg. m. -\M,L.tg. td t l.tg. m. Ttp.-n,I.sg.

One day that Lilavati on a with gem-string- couch that merchant-son

lustre-variegated

Ind. Ttp. -pa, /. pi. Karm, -na, N. sg.f. (rt. in) tad, Ac. tg. m. Karm. -ta, Ac. g. m.

with in confidence-talks pleasantly-seated that unobserved-approached

( 66 )

ti. Ac.sg. lok with ava, Ger. -has, 7. *#. stha with ud, Oer. -&&,L.pl. krish witk'ft,,'

Ger.

husband having perceived, suddenly having risen, by the hairs having drawn,

I rf^TR^W OHX3J

-dha, Ac. sg, n. ling with a, Oer. chumb, N. sg.f. tad, I. sg. m. -ra, J. sg. -ra, 2V. sg. Ind. ay withAdv. Ptc.Perf.Par. pala.

ardently having embraced kissed. By that opportunity the lover and escaped.

vach, N.sa.n. Ind. -nas,N.sg. vid, %sg. jad,Ac. -n., Ac.sg. yad, Ac. Ind. vid, 3sg. Ttp.-i\,N.sg.post PtcJPoss. PerfJ'ar. sg. n. sg. n. PerfJ'ar.

Said and, Usanas knows what science, what and knows Vrihaspati,

IIe

II

Karm. -ra, I. sg. Ind. tad, N. sg. n. -ra, N. sg. Tip. -dhi, L. sg. Karm. -ta, N. sg. n.

by nature already that science in a woman's mind is well-implanted. (120)

Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. lok with ava, Ger. Ttp. -tin, If. sg.f. -nl, N. sg. chint, 3 sg. Impf. Par.

Of him-the embracing having seen near-being a procuress thought :

Ind. (kirn, Ab. sg. n.) idam, N. sg.f. etad, Ac. sg. m. gull with upa, N. sgj. Ind. Ind. tad,I.sg.f.Ptc. Perf. Par.

' Without-a why this woman him embraced,' thus. Thereupon by that

-nl, I. sg. Ttp. -na, Ac. sg. jfta with pari, Ger. tad.N.sg.J. -ii.N.sg. gup, I.sg.m. post Ptc.Poss.

procuress of it-the reason having discovered that Lilavati with a secret (fine)

dand, N. sg.f. Ind. asmad, brft, 1 sg. Ind. {kirn, Ab. sg. n.) -van, If. sg.f. -dh&, Ac. ta. m.past Ptc.Pass. N.sg. Pres.Par.

punished. Therefore I say : without -a why the young woman the old man,

Sahuv. -di, Ac. sg. n. Ttp. -bha, I. sg. kim> 7. sg. m. Ind. -na, 7. sg. Ind. bhft, N. sg. n.Ptc.FutJPcus.

etc. Mouse-strength-support some the cause here must be.

.Tia, Ac. sg. chint with vi, Ger. -ka, 7. Sff. vach, 2V. sg. n. -na, Jf. sg. Ind. Ind.past Ptc.Pass.

A moment having reflected, by the mendicant said : The reason and here

Ttp. -ya. If. iff. Ind. bhti, 3 sg. Put. ii. Par.

wealth-abundance only will be ;

C

\

Ind. -vat. A', sg. m. -vat, JV. sg. m. -ka, X. ?. -va, N. sg.ru. i Ind. Ind,

For, The wealthy strong in the world every one, everywhere, at every time,

1

-tva, N. sg. Bahuv. -la, -V. sg. n. Ind. -jan, (7. pi. JntZ. Jan >M upa, 3 *0. Pr<v. >i/w.

the superiority on riches-founded for of kings also is produced. (121)

<TTT:

Ind. -r&,Ac.sg. &&. with &, Ger. tod.I.Sff.m. -n^Ac.sg. khan, Qtr. Karm. -t&.N.sg.n.

Then a epade having taken, by him the hole having dug open, long-amassed

asuiad, G. sg. -na, AT. </. grab, AT. sg. n. Ind. Ind. Ttp. -na, Ar. s^r. m. 2Yp. -ta, A'. *7. M.

pa*< .We. Paw. (rt. ha)of me wealth was taken. Thence-forward of my-strength- of vipour-energy-

forsaken, deprived,

Karat, -ra, Ac. sg. Ind. pad teilA ud, JTarm.-ma, Avyay. -A&, Ac. ty. n. Adv.Inf. dou* N. sg. m. Ptc. Pres. Par.

my own-food even to procure unable with-fear slowly slowly creeping-on

-na, I. g. lok with ava, Ar. sg. m. pott Ptc. Pass. Ind. tad, /. sg. m. vach, JV. sg. n. pott Pte. Pott.

by Chudakarna (I was) perceived. Then by him aaid :

-na, /. y. -vat, JV. *p>. m. -ka, /. sg. -na, ^16. y. bhft, 3 <a. Prt. Par. - 1 a, JV. 49. *

With wealth strong in the world, through wealth one is wise,

dria,2(7. etad, Ac. -ka, ^c. -r,Jc. sg. m. T<p. -U, ^c. (r- Bn>, A?. * . P*<7mp. Par. p. m. <0r. Pte. POM.Behold that mouse wretched of his own-species- to the level gone. (122)

Ind. -tha, 7. ^. JIM/, hi oi/A vi, <3. gr. m. pott tha, O. <y. Bahxc, -dhai, O. <y. M.Ptc. POM.

Moreover, By wealth but ofaforsiiken man, (as) ofone with little-judgment,

Kl

( 68 )

-ya, .ZV. j>Z. -va, N. pl.f. naa with vi, 3 pi. Pres. Par. -ma, L. sg. Karm. -t, N. pi. Ind.

the actions all disappear, in summer little-rivers as. (123)

-n,N.8ff.n. Ind. yad, G.sff.m. -iba^N.pl. tad, G. -ra, .ZV. j>Z. yad, O.sff.m. -tti&,N.pl. tad, <?. -\a,,N.pl.sg. m. sg. m.

Another and, Of whom wealth, of him friends, of whom wealth, of him relations,

yad, G.sff.m. -tha, N.pl. tad^ZV. pums.JV. -Ya,,L.sg. yaA,G.sg.m. -ihaijf.pl. tad.^V. Ind. -ta, 2V.

sg.m. sg. sg.m. sg.m.of whom wealth, he a man in the world, of whom wealth, he indeed wise.(124)

i

-ya, N.sg.n. Ind. Bahuv. -ra, G. sg.m. -\n,,N.sg. -y&,N.sg.n. Ttp.-k&,G.sff,m. Ind.

Again and, Of a son-less the house empty, of one of a good-friend-destitute and,

f^rr:

-kha, G.sg. m. Ind. -. N.pl. 'y&,N~.pl.f. Karm.-y*,N.sg.f. -i&,N.sg.

of a fool and the regions empty, all-empty poverty. (125)

-ra, N.sg.n. Ind. t&A,N.pl.n. -ya,,N.pl. Karm. -la, N. pi. n. tad, N.sg.n. Ind. -ma,n,N.sff.

Another and, 'Those senses unimpaired, that same name,

tad,N.sff.f. -&hi,N.sff. Karm.-t&,N.sff.f. -n&,N.sff. tad, N.sg.n. Ind.

that intellect uninjured, language that same,

'

5^*T(p.-ma,n, I.sg. Tahwithvi,N.sg.m.pastPtc.Poss. -sha,N.sff. tad,N.sff.m. Ind.

by the wealth-heat forsaken man that same

-ya, N. sg. m. -na, I. sg. bhft, 3 sg. Pres Par. Ind. -tra N. sg. n. etad, N. sg. n.

another in a moment is;' thus strange this. (126)

This all having heard by me considered : Of me here staying improper now,

what and to another of ihese-affairs-communication, that also improper,

( 69 )

For, Fortune-loss, of mind-distress, at home malpractices and,

the being cheated and, the being slighted and, the wise not should make public. (127)

Also and, Age, wealth, at home-trouble, design-love-medicine,

penance-liberality-dishouour and, nine (things) to be concealed carefully. (128)

Thus and said, Very-averse (being) fortune, in vain the exertion and human,

n - n

of the wise poor, (different) from the forest other whence comfort? (129)

*Hsfl f^T?T ^fT^ ^rPT^I ^ ?J

Again and, The wise dies rather, to misery not but he goes,

^rft f^RTW^T^rf?f n-nY ^^rrf^ 'aftrnrt u \^ n

even to extinction goes, not fire goes to coldness. (130)

?j *i

Moreover, Of a flower-cluster as, two conditions forsooth of the wise,

$ n u

of all at the head either he may stand, he may fade away or in a forest. (131)

What and here just through begging living, that exceedingly reprobated.

*j?r: i <n: fwret^r *r%: ^rff^ft STW: i

For, Better by one of wealth-deprived with the life satiated a fire,

not an of civility-destitute miserly solicited person. (132)

( 70 )

Trft^rrffT^*^ iftaf^TTT.* ^T^T<

From poverty to shame one goes, shame-laden of strength one is deprived,

s

strengthless one is oppressed, from oppression into despondency one falls,

v*

the despondent to sorrow goes, the sorrow-stricken by reason is forsaken,

the reason-less to destruction goes, Oh, poverty of all-evils the foundation. (133)

Moreover, Better silence to be observed, not and a word spoken, which untrue,

better impotence of men, not and with another's-wife-intercourse,

better life-abandonment, not and in calumnious-words delight,

better alms-eating, not and another's-wealth- tasting-pleasure. (134)

Better an empty stable, not and by any means better a vicious-bull,

better a wanton (as) wife, not but an ill-mannered noble-wife,

better dwelling in a wood, not but in an undiscriminating-ruler's-town,

better life-abandonment, not but of low persons society. (135)

Also and, Servitude as respect totally, moonlight as darkness, old age as loveliness,

( 71)

tI<TT T^ft II <M II

of Hari (and) -Hora- as sin, of virtues-a hundred even beggary takes away. (136)

legend

Thus having reflected, then why I with another's-cake myself nourish ?

Oh, the misery ! That even a second death-gate.

*m: i nsnrorfa <tff%<B ?F*ra?tfr ^ ^yf i

For, Buds gathering (superficial) wisdom, with money-purchased and love,

subsistence and on another-depending, three of men afflictions. (137)

The sick, the long-exiled, the anotLer's-bread-eating, in another's-house-living,

what he lives, that death; what death, that of him the deliverance. (138)

Thus having also, from again even wealth to acquire taking away I made.considered desire

I

Thus and said, Through desire reason departs, desire produces covetousness,

by covetousness-tormented pain experiences hereafter here and a man. (139)

.

Then I slowly slowly creeping-on, by that Vinakarna with a split-bamboo-piece

beaten and, reflected:

The wealth-desirous indeed discontented, of unrestrained- mind, of unsubdued-senses

( 72 )

all verily misfortunes of him, whose content not mind. (140)

Thus and, All kinds of happiness of him, content of whom the mind;

of him whose foot-is is not with leather-covered as it were the earth ? (141)covered-with a shoe

Another and, Of the with the contentment- what happiness of the placid-minded,nectar-satiated

vr^r 11

whence that of the wealth-desirous hither and thither running? (14'2)

V* Vf

Moreover, By him read, heard by him, by him everything accomplished,

by whom, hopes behind the back having placed, hope-freedom depended upon. (143)

Also and, Not having served-a master's-door, not having perceived-separation-pain,

not having uttered-an unmanly-word, happy of any man the life. (144)

For, Not a yojana-hundred far for one stricken with covetousness,

of the contented for the to hand-come even treasure is not regard. (145)

Therefore here of (my) situatlon-suiting-action-discnmlnalion better-

(73 )

What reliV'wn ? for tlie living- What happiness ? health in the world of man.

compassion.

What love? a noble-state of mind. What wisdom? discrimination. (146)

^" ft tffS'ai

Thus and, Discrimination indeed wisdom, when approached misfortunes

of the without-discrimination-acling misfortunes will be at step at step. (147)

One should one for a fumily's-sake, for a village's-sakc a family one should

give up give up ;

a village for the countryVsake, for one's selfs-sake the earth one should give up. (148)

Wf ^ I qpffa ?T f^TT^rt ^TRf^ ^T WTTff I

Again and, Water either without-exertion, sweet food or with danger-attended,

having deliberated indeed I see, that happiness where ease. (149)

N . v

Thus having considered I the lonely-wood approached.

For, Better a wood by tigers-(and) elephants- a tree-habitation on ripe-fruits-

haunted, (and)watcr-living,

7PZIT

grass for a bed, a garment-(of) bark, not of friends-in the of one of wealth-deprived-iii list the living.

Afterwards, through my-fortune's-(i.e. good by this friend I with affection-continuity

works) rise (i.e. reward)

. CI I ^VTT ^f ^THflMlMT^ H^T^TT ^$l*T Tcf ^TT ITHT* I

I'avoured. Now and by fortune- of you- the a paradise verily, by me found,continuation company,

L

( 74 )

For, Of the world's-poison-tree two here delicious-fruits,

the poem-nectar-flavonr-tasting, association good-men with. (151)

i ^sror:

Manthara said : Eiches on the feet-the dust-resembling, mountain-rivers- youth,fleetness-like

vital strength as a water-drop-trembiing-unsteady, froth-like life ;

virtue who not practises base-minded, the heaven-bar-unbolting,

afterwards repentance-seized, by old age- with the sorrow-fire is burnt. (152)

overpowered,

By you too much-accumulation made ;of it this the fault (i.e. cause) ; Listen :

f%

Of accumulated riches giving away only indeed the preservation ;

n n u

of the in a pondVinterior-standing a drain as of waters. (153)

^RTW i *^ft sw: f%?ft R-^ Pr^^rrf ftriT^: i

Again and, When low low in the ground wealth has buried the miser,

: u n

then to a mansion below to go he has made himself a path beforehand. (154)

Again and, His own-happiness opposing who wealth-acquisition wishes,

(or anolher's-sake a burthen-bearer as, of pain merely indeed a vessel. (155)

( 75 )

f V^'T Wf^Another and, Through of liberality-(and) enjoyment-deprived riches rich if (we are),

through the in the earth-caverns-buried riches rich we. (156)

Again and, Through non-enjoyment common of a miser the wealth with others,

'of him this* thus the connection at the loss by pain is ascertained. (157)

Liberality by kind-words- knowledge without-conceit, with clemency- heroism,

accompanied, endowed

wealth with liberality-connected, difficult-to be found these four-good things. (158)

Said and, To be made accumulation constantly, to be made not exceeding-accumulation,

behold, accumulation-practising that by a bow jackal slain. (159)

Those two say : How that ? Manthara relates : There was of Kalyfina-ka$aka-

: i

an inhabitant, Bhairava by name, a hunter. He and one day a deer pursuing

to the Vindhya-forest went Afterwards by him the killed deer having taken up

going, of formidable-appearance a boar seen. By that hunter the deer upon the ground

having laid, the boar with an arrow hit. By the boar in turn as of clouds-a terrible-roar

L2

( 76 )

31TVV W^i^Jt VT ^f'^'st^,*) TW

having made that hunter in the groin wounded being a cut-tree like

on the ground fell-down.

For, Water, fire, poison, a weapon, hunger-illness, falling from a rock,

II $ II

a cause (i.e. accident) ofsome kind having the corporeal being of life is deprived. (160)encountered

WT sfr we.

Then of them through the feet-trampling a serpent also killed. Now thereupon

ire

Dirgharava by name, a jackal, roaming-about, food-seeking, those dead

deer-hunter-serpent-boar saw, reflected and: Oh! to-day a great meal of me

fallen in the way. However,

Unthought-of troubles as just happen to men,

blessings also thus; I think; fate in this plays the chief part. (161)

Then be it, Of these with the flesh a month-triad to me pleasantly will pass.

Month one the man goes, two months deer- (and) boar,

: II ^ II

the sei-pent one day goes! to-day to be eaten the bow-string. (162)

( 11 )

Then in the first-desire of eating this unswcet to the bow-fastened sinew-string

I eat. Thus having said, thus done being, being cut the sinew-string,

by the up-springing bow in the heart pierced, that Dirghar&va to the dissolution

into the five elements

: i

gone. Therefore I say :' To be made accumulation constantly,' etc.

Thus and, What he gives, what he eats, that alone of a rich man the wealth ;

others of the dead sport with the wife also, with the riches also. (163)

i

Moreover, What thou givest to the distinguished, what and thou eatest day by day,

that ofthee the wealth I consider; the rest for somebody else thou preservest. (164)

I

Let it go. What at present with excessive-description ?

For, Not the unattainable long after, the lost not wish to bewail,

in misfortunes even not are perplexed men of wise-intellect. (165)

Therefore, friend, always by thee full-of energy to be.

For, Books having read even they are fools.

( 78 )

who on the contrary an active man, he wise ;

'

a well-devised alao medicine of the diseased

not by the name-merely effects freedom-froin disease. (166)

Again and, Not a very-small even of the of exertion-afraid

produces a wisdom-precept benefit indeed,

of a blind man (what ?) on the palm-standing even

: u ^ n

does make visible an object here a lamp? (167)

Then here, O friend, in each special condition tranquillity to be observed.

This also too-hard by thee not to be considered.

For,'A king, a noble wife, the wise, ministers likewise, clouda,

from (their) places-removed not shine, teeth, hairs, nails, men. (168)

Thus perceiving a wise man his-place not should abandon,' a weak man's- this.

speech

ft PNnFor, (Their) country quitting go lions, brave-men, elephants ;

( 79 )

there even to death go crows, weak-men, deer. (169)

What of a brave man, of a wise, his own-country, what or a strange- likewise ?

country

to wh&t place he comes, that even doea he moke through his arms-majesty-

acquired.

What teeth-claws-tail- (having as) weapons, a lion wood enters,

'

H \^> II

in that verily with the alain-elephant's-blood the thirst he quenches of himself. (170)

Again and, A pool as frogs, a lake full as fishes,

': H ^> n

(so) the exerting man approach by themselves all-fortunes. (171)

Again and, Happiness fallen to one's one should trouble fallen to one's likewise,

share cherish share

wheel -like turn-round troubles and, joys and. (172)

I

Again and, To the exertion-endued, unprocrastinating,

of action-the rules-knowing, to vices not-attached,

to a hero, benefits-remembering, one of steady-friendship and,

Lakshmi of her own accord goes for the sake of residing (with him). (173)

( 80 )

i

Especially and, Without even riches a hero touches of bonour-elevation-a place,

endowed even with riches to of disgrace-a place goes the raiser ;

the from the inborn-nature springing, for virtue-multitude-acquirement-fit

splendour of a lion (what ?) a dog bearing-a gold-necklace even obtains? (174)

fs uft 3r fir

' Of riches thus truly pride to me ; why with departed- sorrow I approach ?

possessed,' wealth

the in the hand-placed-ball-like (are) the sinkings- (and) risings of men. (175)

i

Again and, A cloud's-shadow, of wicked-the friendship, new-corn, women,

for gome-time- (only) to be enjoyed, youth, riches and. (176)

For the sake of not too much one should that for by the Creator already provided ;

a-livelihood strive,

from the womb when comes forth a creature, of the mother stream the breasts. (177)

i

Also and, O friend,, By whom white-made the geese, the parrots and green-made,

n ^^ n

the peacocks variegated by whom, He for thee a livelihood will provide. (178)

Again and, Of the good the secret hear, friend,

( 81 )

They produce in the acquisition trouble, they cause pain in failures,

they infatuate and in success, how (are) riches happiness-conferring ? (179)

3TAnother and, For religion's-sake of whom wealth-desire, better of him freedom

from-desire.

than wiping off for of mud far not-touching better. (180)

For, As truly prey in the air by birds, by beasts on earth

is eaten, in water by crocodiles, thus everywhere the rich man. (181)

From a king, from water, from fire, from the robber, from their own- likewise,

people

fear of the rich constantly, from death of the living as. (182)

?nrr ft i srofr *ai3*% fir 5 ^:^PR<T: ^t i

V

Thus for, In life with troubles-abounding what possibly pain than this greater?

n v=^

desire-fulfilment because not is, because and the desire not ceases ? (183)

Another and, brother, hear:

Wealth at first not-easy-to obtained, obtained with difficulty it is preserved,

of the obtained-the loss like death, therefore of this not one should think. (184)

M

( 82)

<r!rr

Covetousness and here having abandoned, who poor ? who a lord ?

ftrw

of it if way given, servitude and at the head placed. (185)

C ^ I *I<K<4 f% ^Tf

Again and, What what just indeed one may desire, thence the desire starts,

11 ^^ 11

obtained verily in reality that object, from which the desire turns away. (186)

fif

What with so much of my side of the question ? With me just together here

the time may be spent.

: i

For, At-death-ending the affections, the anger at that-moment-vanishing,

^ft f%

the gifts and free from-self-interest are truly of the noble-minded. (187)

Thus having heard Laghupatanaka says: Happy art thou, O Manthara,

in every way of praiseworthy-virtue thou art.

For, The good only of the good constantly out of misfortune-to lift-able,

: I)^t:

||

of elephants into a mire-plunged elephants only the burthen-bearers (rescuers). (188)

To be praised that alone on earth of men,

( 83 )

he the greatest, a good man, he happy,

of whom the needy either, the refuge-taking or,

II ^- II

not broken-hoped with averted-faces go away. (189)

Then thus those according to their-desire-feeding- (and) sporting making contented

happily dwell. Now one-day Chitraiiga-named a deer by somebody frightened

there having approached was met. Thence after approaching the deer having seen, danger

suspecting, Manthara the water entered, the mouse and to the hole went, the crow

also up-flying a tree ascended. Then by Laghupatanaka, very-far having looked,

' fear-cause not any approaches'

thus was considered. Afterwards upon his word

having arrived again all having met there just seated. By Manthara said : Hail !

i

deer, welcome! According to your-wish, of water-etc. consisting-food may be enjoyed.

By here residing forest this with a lord-may be endowed. Chitranga says:

: i

By a hunter-frightened I of you the protection approached. You with

i! 2

( 84 )

friendship I wish. Hiranyaka said : Friendship truly us with by you

without-trouble met.

: I

For, One's own offspring, one formed by connection, likewise one in race-line-descended,

ilft

one rescued from dangers and, a friend to be known of four-kinds. (190)

Therefore here by you from your own-house-without a difference may be remained.

*

That having heard the deer, full of-joy being, according to his-desire-feeding

making, water drinking, in a water-near standing-tree's-shade settled. Then,

by Manthara said : Friend deer, in this lonely forest by whom frightened

i

art thou ? Ever (do) hunters walk about ? By the deer said : There is

in the Kalinga-country Rukmangada by name a prince. He and by the world-

conquest-business-course having approached, on the ChandrabhS.ga'-bank having

pitched-his camp resides, * In the morning and he here having arrived

in the Karpura-lake-proximity will be,' thus of the hunters from the mouth a report

( 85 )

in beard. Therefore here also in the morning residing (is) fear-cause having, thus

I

considering according to-the occasion-action may be undertaken. That having heard

the tortoise with-fear says : To another-water-reservoir I go. The crow-

(and) -mo use also said: So be it. Then Hiranyaka smiling said:

Another-water- being reached, of Manthara welfare; on the land of the going

reservoir

what help P

For, Water of water-animals, a fort of the in the fort-residing,

: ^iM<i4>rt TTW ^^t ^t TO* II

their own-place of beasts, etc., of kings a minister the chief strength. (191)

Friend Laghupatanaka, through this advice thus to be fared :

Himself having seen as of his wife pressed the bosom-bud,

ciftnro^T SHW^t^Pt ^ <^%^ ^Tft^f% II V-^ II

.

the merchant's-son became sad; thou thus just wilt be. (192)

rf Wt I *^*Md I fT^1^^* ^f^?f?f I

They said : How that ? Hiranyaka relates : There is in the Kanyakubja-

TT^T

country Viraseua by name a king. By him in the Virapura-named town

( 86 )

: wr: i

Tungabala byname a prince governor appointed. He and of great-wealth,

young, one-day in his-town perambulating in full-blown youth Lavanyavati

i rra: ^rs*9 f^r wr-by name a merchant's-son's-wife saw. Then to his-palace having gone by love-

disturbed-in mind on her account a female messenger he dispatched.

For, On the right-path so long he remains, master is a man so long only of the senses,

s s

shame so long he has, decency also he maintains so long only,

by the eyebrows-bow-drawn back-(and) darted, to the ear-reaching, black-feathered those

as of fair-ones not into the heart the steadiness-stealing look-arrows fall. (193)

She also Lavanyavati him-seeing-the moment from by the Love-arrow-stroke-

\

broken-hearted of him-alone-thinkin was.

TT^T

Thus for said, Untruth, violence, fraud, envy and extreme-covetousness,

t ^t^rr:

want-of virtue, impurity, of women the faults from their-nature-springing. (194)

Now the messenger's-word having heard Lavanyavati said : I husband-devoted

( 87

how in this unrighteousness, husband-imposition, I engage ?

For, She a wife, who in the house clever ;she a wife who prolific,

she a wife whose husband-is her life, she a wife who husband-devoted. (195)

Not she ' a wife'

thus to be called, with whose husband not is gratified,

being gratified the husband of women, gratified all-divinities. (196)

therefore whatever commands of me the life-lord, that only I without-examination

I

do. By the messenger said: Quite true this? Lavanyavati said: Certainly,

true this. Then by the messenger having gone that that all ofTuhgabala in the presence

reported. That having heard Tungabala said :'

By the husband, having led (her) near,

she is to be surrendered,' how this possible? The procuress said: A stratagem be made.

I mjl<H ft

Thus and said, By a stratagem truly what possible, not that possible by valour,

34*1M4 f<ff ^^t* *!^<TT W^cWTT II \*~^ II

by a jackal slain an elephant, going on a swamp-way. (197)

I

The prince asks : How that ? She relates : There is in the Brahma-wood

( 88 )

^

Karpuratilaka by name an elephant. Him having seen all the jackals thought :

If he by some stratagem dies, then of us through his-body of a month-tetrad

food will be. There by one old-jackal promised : By me through-intellect-

superiority of him the death to be accomplished : Thereupon that cheat

Xarpuratilaka-near having gone with-of the eight-limbs-prostration having saluted

said : Sire, look-favour make. The elephant says : Who thou, whence

>

approached ? He said : A jackal I by all wood-inhabiting animals,

after having met, to your-presence despatched. Because without a king to remain

not proper, therefore here in the forest-sovereignty to be inaugurated you

with all-lord's-virtues-endowed selected.

: i *u

For, Who by race-descent- (and) conduct very-pure, majestic,

just, behaviour-clever, he as a master is fit on earth. (198)

^nf ^ Vm I TT^T4 TW* fi^rT?ft ^T^T rf??t ^ I

Another and see, A king first he should find, then a wife, then riches,

( 89 )

a king not-being in this world, whence a wife, whence riches? (199)

Again and, Cloud-like of the living a support an earth-lord,

it v* ii

failing also for a cloud it is lived, not but an earth-lord (failing). (200)

In the allotted-office-remaining generally through the rod-use

: i

in the world on another-dependent this; difficult-to be found one of good-character;

a meagre also, defective or, sick or, poor or

husband also a noble woman through the rod-fear approaches. (201)

Therefore that the lucky-moment not passes away, thus acting, with-haste

i

may be approached by your highness. Thus having spoken, rising (he) went. Then

that by the sovereignty -desire-attracted Karpuratilaka on the jackal's-way

. I

running in a great-mire immersed. Then by that elephant said : Friend jackal,

i r i

what now to be done? in a mire fallen I; I die ; turning back look!

By the jackal smiling said: Sire, of me tail-holding haviug made rise. Because

ofme-like in word bythee confidence placed, therefore may be suffered helpless pain.

Thus and said : Jf of the good-society-deprived thou wilt be, thou wilt be,

then into bad-men's-coaipanies thou wilt fall, thou wilt fall. (202)

Then into the great-mire plunged the elephant by the jackals eaten. Therefore

s nr i ^T* *^*jan i

I say : By a stratagem truly what possible, etc. Then by the procuress'-

advice that Charudatta-named merchant's-son that prince (his) attendant

made. Then he by him in all-confidence- affairs (was) employed. One day

by that prince bathed- (and) anointed gold-jewel-ornaments-bearing announced :

To-day beginning for month one the Gauri-vow to be performed. Therefore hither

C

every-night one noble virgin having led surrender (her). She by me

i ff?T:

in the usual manner to be honoured. Then that Charudatta such a one

quite-young having led near surrenders. Afterwards concealed being,* what he

does? 1

thus espies. That and Tungabala that maiden not-touching even

( 91 )

from afar with garments-ornaments-perfumes-sandal wood Laving honoured, a guardian

having given, sends away. Now by the mcrchant's-son, that having-scen, with increased-

confidence,

with by covetousness-attracted-mind, his-wife Lavanyavati having led near

(she was) surrendered. He and Tungabala that heart-beloved Lavanyavali

having recognised, with-haste up-jumping, ardently embracing, with half-closed-eyes,

on a sofa her - with sported. That seeing the merchant's-son picture- like

perplexed-what to do to extreme sadness went. Therefore I say : Himself

having seen, etc. Thus by thee also will be fared. That friend's-word not

regarding with great fear perplexed as it were that water-reservoir having left

Manthara went. They also Hiranyaka, etc. from affection, (something) unwished

i ?m:

apprehending Manthara follow. Then on the land going by some hunter,

: I

the forest perambulating, Manthara caught. Having caught him, having seized,

having lifted, to the bow having bound, walking about, through fatigue by hungcr-(and) thirst-troubled

M 2

( 92 )

towards-his-house (he) went. Now the deer-crow-mouse to extreme grief

coming him followed. Then Hiranyaka laments :

C

Of one trouble not while to the end go I, to the shore as of the ocean,

then a second approached to me, in damages the evils are multiplied. (203)

By his inborn-nature but who a friend, by fortune only he is produced,

therefore one of unfeigned-friendship in misfortunes also not does one give up. (204)

Not in a mother, not in a wife, not in a brother, not and in one's own offspring,

confidence such of men, as in a friend by his inborn-nature-become (one). (205)

Thus repeatedly having thought (he cried out) : Oh, the hard-fate !

For, The by one's own-actions'-spreading-wrought

at other times-reverting-good- (and) evil,

(are) here already experienced by me at least those,

like different-births, different conditions. (206)

\ "sU

Or, thus verily this, The body baa destruction- happiness the place for misfortunes,close to it,

meeting with-departure connected, everything born (is) frail. (207)

Again having reflected he says : From sorrow-enemies- (and) of affection (and)

danger-a protection confidence-a vessel,

by whom jewel this created,' Mitra' thus the syllable-couple ? (208)

Moreover : A friend, a pleasure-elixir of the eyes, a delight of the mind,

a vessel that in happiness- together might be with the friend, that hard-to find;

(and) trouble

And what other friends in success-time, with wealth-desire-filled,

they everywhere meet (us) ;but the truth- of them (is) adversity. (209)touch stone

Thus much having lamented Hiranyaka toChitr&nga-(and)Laghup. says: So long as this

hunter from the forest not goes away, so long Manthara to rescue

an effort may be made. They both said : With-haste what to be done may be told.

Hiranyaka says : Chitrunga to the water-near having gone dead-like himself

may show, the crow and over him standing with the beak somewhat may peck.

\*

Now by that hunter there, the tortoise having left, for the deer's-flesh-desirous,

with-haste will be gone. Then I ofManthara the tie shall cut; having approached

the hunter, by you to be fled. By Chitranga- (and) Laghupatanaka, quickly

having gone, thus accomplished being, that hunter, tired, water having drunk,

under a tree seated in such a the deer saw. Then the knife having taken,condition

with rejoicing-mind near to the deer proceeded. There meanwhile by Hiranyaka

having approached, of Manthara the tie cut. That tortoise with-haste

the water-reservoir entered. That deer near that hunter perceiving, rising*

escaped. Returning the hunter while the tree-foot he approaches, then the tortoise

not-seeing, reflected : Proper only this for me, not-circumspectly-acting-

*ra: i ^V v^rfw ^R:?^ ^pifw f%i^ i

For, He who certain (things) forsaking uncertain (things) attends to,

f% ii ^\ II

the certain (things) of him perish, the uncertain is perished already. (210)

: \

Then he through-his own-action disappointed the camp entered. Manthara, etc.

( 95 )

: II

all freed-from misfortune to their-place having gone happily remained.

N*

Then by the princes with-joy said : All having heard pleased we.

Accomplished of us what (was) desired. Visbnusarraan said : With so much of you

Wsthe desire fulfilled, further also this may be :

A friend acquire ye, O, good-men ; with the nations Lakshmi may dwell ;

wrrar: ^MM^ri ^:

'prt ai^c^w f%<rr: i

Princes may protect the earth, constantly in their-duty standing;

it may remain for the mind-gratification of the virtuous Niti, a new-bride-like, ofyou;

prosperity may cause of the people the venerable, who has the moon's-half- (211)for his crest-jewel.

tft

Thus in the Hitopadeia, Friend-acquisition by name the first-story- finished.

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