HIT Toolkit Workflow and Process Redesign Health Information Technology Toolkit for Critical Access...
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Transcript of HIT Toolkit Workflow and Process Redesign Health Information Technology Toolkit for Critical Access...
HIT ToolkitWorkflow and Process Redesign
Health Information Technology Toolkit for Critical Access and Small Hospitals
http://www.stratishealth.org/HIT_Toolkit_hospitals
Presenter• Margret Amatayakul
RHIA, CHPS, CPHIT, CPEHR, FHIMSS
President, Margret\A Consulting, LLCSchaumburg, IL
• Independent consultant, who focuses on achieving value from electronic health records, HIPAA/HITECH, and health information exchange. Developer of tools in Toolkit
• Adjunct faculty College of St. Scholastica, Duluth, MN, masters program in health informatics
• Founder and former executive director Computer-based Patient Record Institute, associate executive director AHIMA, associate professor University of Illinois
• Active participant in standards development, former HIMSS BOD, and co-founder of and faculty for Health IT Certification
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Stratis Health
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● Stratis Health is a nonprofit organization that leads collaboration and innovation in health care quality and safety, and serves as a trusted expert in facilitating improvement for people and communities
● Stratis Health works toward its mission through initiatives funded by federal and state government contracts, and community and foundation grants, including serving as Minnesota’s Medicare Quality Improvement Organization (QIO)
● Stratis Health operates the Health Information Technology Services Center for health care organizations seeking to use health information technology in support of their clinical transformation
Agenda• Purpose of Workflow and Process Redesign• Steps in Workflow and Process Redesign• Workflows and processes to map• Performing workflow and process mapping• Critical success factors in workflow and
process mapping
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Purpose: Create Ah Ha! Moments• Workflow and process redesign
– Starts the process of identifying improvement opportunities with HIT
– Helps users identify solutions for current problems and today’s workarounds that will form the functional requirements for your HIT
– Aids in setting expectations for achieving HIT goals because users will now expect to see improvements
– Ensures that critical controls built into current processes are retained or enhanced
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Softwarethat directscomputerdevices
People to supportand usesystems
Policythat drivesadoption ofsystems
Hardwarethat enablessystem use
Processthat helpsachieveresults
Copyright © 2009, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of author.
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Workflow and Process• Process is the manner in which work
to be completed to achieve a particular result is performed– Example: Do you always verify the
timeliness of medication administration?
• Work flow is the sequence of steps and hand-offs taken within a process– Example: Is information available to
schedule patients for labs in advance of a clinic visit?
• Workflow and process mapping depicts the detailed nature of the processes and workflow to enable improvements
Five Rights for Right EHR● Right clinical data● Right presentation● Right decision● Right work processes● Right outcomes
EHR is Not about Automating Charts
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“Only automating form, content, and procedures of current patient records will perpetuate their deficiencies and be insufficient to meet emerging user needs”
EHR is about automating & using information to improve health care
EHRs “encompass a broader view of the record than today, moving from notion of location for keeping track of patient care events to a resource with much enhanced utility” Institute of Medicine, 1991
Copyright © 2009, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of author.
Steps in Mapping Current Processes
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1. Identify processes to be mapped; e.g., those that will be impacted by the HIT being acquired
2. Use individuals who actually perform the process; they know it best and need to own the impending change
3. Instruct persons on process mapping – why it is being done and how it is done
4. Map current processes. Avoid identifying opportunities for improvement now, or critical controls built into current processes may be overlooked
5. Validate maps to ensure they reflect current processes, all variations, and the information payload
6. Collect all forms and reports that are part of processes to be automated through HIT
7. Obtain benchmark data to define expectations for change and for use in benefits realization studies
Steps in Redesign8. Identify potential problems in current workflows and processes
and determine their root cause
9. Identify changes that may resolve problems today
10. Educate about HIT and EHR and identify further changes that will be possible
11. Document changes by creating improved map
12. Use new processes to create use case scenarios to identify HIT functional specifications, and later to build out the HIT application to achieve improvements
13. Test new workflows and processes
14. Train all on new workflows and processes
15. Incorporate changes into policy and procedure
16. Conduct benefits realization and celebrate successful change/correct course as necessary
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Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
What to Map in Hospitals in Clinics• Admission• Medications reconciliation• H&P/results review/differential
diagnosis• Patient assessment• Care planning/pathways• Provider orders• Consultation management• Patient monitoring and charting• Medication administration• Surgery/recovery• Transfer of care/care coordination• Discharge/patient instructions• Charge capture/coding• Reporting/quality improvement• Departmental operations
• Scheduling/check-in and check-out• Patient intake• Results review• H&P/encounter notes• Care planning/guidelines• Medication management: medication
list maintenance/ prescribing/refills• Provider orders• E&M coding• Charge capture• Patient instructions/education• Patient follow up/health maintenance• Reporting/quality improvement
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
• Process diagram
• Swim lane process chart
• Flow process chart
• Systems flow chart
• Software is available to aid in drawing charts, if desired
Select Tools
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Basic Systems Flow Chart
• Ovals – start and end
• Rectangles – process
• Diamonds – decision
Used with permission from P. S. Rudie Associates, Duluth, MNRobert McDonald, MD and Mary Rapps
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Annotating Processes
Courtesy of Dr. Hinck, Bloomington Lake Clinic, Minneapolis, MN
• It may be helpful to capture components of processes and workflows by simply making a list of all processes, or
• Use post-it notes to record processes as they are performed and then arrange them on a wall or large piece of (e.g., examining room) paper
● Process mapping is not new, and not even new to health care, but process mapping is foreign to clinicians
● Engaging clinicians, however, is critical because EHRs are designed for their use. It may be necessary to start a map for them and have them validate it – Real clinicians really do map!
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Getting Started• Identify one complete
process – neither to large or to small
• Identify all potential starting points
• Follow each to its natural conclusion
• Significant delays can be annotated to the side if desired
Refill Processing
No
Yes
Place in MD Box
PatientCalls
Ask Pt to CallPharmacy
End
ChartReviewed
Write Rx & Give to Pt
Document inchart
End
Ave1 hr
Ave2 hr
PharmacyCalls
Request chart
Review chart
NurseOK?
Call Pharmacy
Document inchart
End
No
Yes
Document In chart
Speak toNurse
OK?
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Reflect Variations
• Medication administration in a critical access hospital with five nurses administering medications
• Some processes can be corrected immediately; others will depend on acquiring an EMAR
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Validate Process Maps• Initial pass at a swim lane map (clinic example):
• Map after validation:
DocumentRFV on Post-it
Throw Post-itaway
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Identify (Potential) Problems• Review
current maps to identify:– Bottlenecks– Sources of delay– Rework due to
errors– Role ambiguity– Duplications– Unnecessary
steps– Cycle time
• Flow process charts help identify– Nature of tasks– Key questions
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Determine Root Cause
• Use complementary tools as needed– Statistical charts
• Radar• Pareto
– Relations diagrams– Tree diagram– Affinity diagram
• Force field analysis– Cause & effect diagrams– Physical Layouts
A
B
Copyright © 2007-8, Margret\A Consulting, LLC. Used with permission of the author.
Critical Success Factors• Map processes that will be impacted by HIT, unless other reason for
process improvement
• Engage persons actually performing the process. Leave bias and blame at the door – reward those who find the most warts!
• Avoid getting ahead of mapping current processes, but make sure they are complete and address the information flow – remember, information is being automated, not the staff member or the patient
• Get to the root cause of problems when looking for improvements. Address immediate opportunities; use others as key functional requirements for your HIT
• Use workflow and process mapping to create Ah ha! moments that initiate the change process. Follow up that changes are adopted and celebrate success once change is implemented