historymatters.gmu/d/5057

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON

The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT

1

Governor Franklin Roosevelt of New York won the Governor Franklin Roosevelt of New York won the presidential Election of 1932 with 23 million votes presidential Election of 1932 with 23 million votes compared to Hoover’s 16 million votes (and 472-59 compared to Hoover’s 16 million votes (and 472-59 majority in the electoral college). The Democrats majority in the electoral college). The Democrats also won both houses of Congress.also won both houses of Congress.

So… What were the voters telling FDR?So… What were the voters telling FDR?

http://www.historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5057/



2



3



11



12

Chapter 25 Chapter 25

THE NEW DEALTHE NEW DEAL

Section 1:Section 1: Restoring Hope Restoring Hope

Section 2:Section 2: New Challenges New Challenges

Section 3:Section 3: Life in the New Deal Era Life in the New Deal Era

Section 4:Section 4: The New Deal and the Arts The New Deal and the Arts



13

FDR's First Inaugural I am certain that my fellow Americans expect that on my induction I am certain that my fellow Americans expect that on my induction

into the Presidency I will address them with a candor and a into the Presidency I will address them with a candor and a decision which the present situation of our people impel. This is decision which the present situation of our people impel. This is preeminently the time to speak the truth, the whole truth, frankly preeminently the time to speak the truth, the whole truth, frankly and boldly. Nor need we shrink from honestly facing conditions in and boldly. Nor need we shrink from honestly facing conditions in our country today. This great Nation will endure as it has endured, our country today. This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself—nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance. In every dark hour of our national life convert retreat into advance. In every dark hour of our national life a leadership of frankness and vigor has met with that a leadership of frankness and vigor has met with that understanding and support of the people themselves which is understanding and support of the people themselves which is essential to victory. I am convinced that you will again give that essential to victory. I am convinced that you will again give that support to leadership in these critical days.support to leadership in these critical days.



14

Objectives:Objectives: How did the New Deal provide relief for the unemployed?How did the New Deal provide relief for the unemployed? How did the New Deal promote industrial and agricultural How did the New Deal promote industrial and agricultural

recovery?recovery? What were the New Deal goals for the Tennessee Valley What were the New Deal goals for the Tennessee Valley

region?region? How did the Roosevelt administration address the How did the Roosevelt administration address the

concerns of African Americans and American Indians?concerns of African Americans and American Indians?

Section 1: Restoring HopeSection 1: Restoring Hope



15

The Three R’s of the New DealThe Three R’s of the New Deal The New Deal- Roosevelt’s experimental The New Deal- Roosevelt’s experimental

policies in combating the Depression- policies in combating the Depression- “Alphabet Soup”“Alphabet Soup”

Programs addressed the Three R’sPrograms addressed the Three R’s Relief- immediate goal of addressing hunger Relief- immediate goal of addressing hunger

and homelessnessand homelessness Recovery-long term goal of getting the Recovery-long term goal of getting the

economy back on trackeconomy back on track Reform-changes in the government and Reform-changes in the government and

economy to keep another depression from economy to keep another depression from happeninghappening

How can this approach be compared to the How can this approach be compared to the response to a car accident- An analogy…response to a car accident- An analogy…



16

New Deal relief for the unemployedNew Deal relief for the unemployedThe FERA provided direct The FERA provided direct

federal aid.federal aid.The CWA created jobs such as The CWA created jobs such as

raking leaves and picking up raking leaves and picking up litter.litter.

The CCC put young men to The CCC put young men to work in parks and forests.work in parks and forests.

Provide wages to purchase Provide wages to purchase necessitiesnecessities




17

New Deal contributions to industrial and New Deal contributions to industrial and agricultural recoveryagricultural recovery

NIRA passed to stimulate business activity and NIRA passed to stimulate business activity and reduce unemploymentreduce unemployment

PWA initiated public works projects.PWA initiated public works projects. NRA encouraged businesses to draw up codes to NRA encouraged businesses to draw up codes to

regulate hours, prices, production levels, and regulate hours, prices, production levels, and wages.wages.

Agricultural Adjustment Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, which Agricultural Adjustment Administration, which paid farmers subsidies to grow fewer crops.paid farmers subsidies to grow fewer crops.

Get industry back on track- “Pump priming”Get industry back on track- “Pump priming”




18

The New Deal and Recovery and Reform of The New Deal and Recovery and Reform of the American Financial System (Stock the American Financial System (Stock Market and BankingMarket and Banking

The collapse of the stock market and the resulting banking The collapse of the stock market and the resulting banking collapse caused the Great Depressioncollapse caused the Great Depression

The New Deal aimed at reforming the stock market and The New Deal aimed at reforming the stock market and banking though regulation and reformbanking though regulation and reformSecurity and Exchange Commission (SEC)- regulates and Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)- regulates and

oversees stock marketoversees stock marketThe Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)- regulates The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)- regulates

banks and insures depositors- restore confidence in banksbanks and insures depositors- restore confidence in banks



19

New Deal goals for the Tennessee Valley New Deal goals for the Tennessee Valley regionregion

Tennessee Valley- one of the poorest and Tennessee Valley- one of the poorest and least developed regions in the nationleast developed regions in the nation

provide flood control and combat soil erosionprovide flood control and combat soil erosion provide electricity and improve the standard provide electricity and improve the standard

of livingof living combat malariacombat malaria combat illiteracycombat illiteracy provide recreational facilitiesprovide recreational facilities Government jobs and the hope of future Government jobs and the hope of future

economic developmenteconomic development




20

The New Deal and African Americans The New Deal and African Americans African Americans were appointed to government African Americans were appointed to government

posts.posts.Federal Council on Negro Affairs was established.Federal Council on Negro Affairs was established.When the DAR refused to let Marian Anderson When the DAR refused to let Marian Anderson

sing in their Washington, D.C. hall, Eleanor sing in their Washington, D.C. hall, Eleanor Roosevelt resigned her membership and arranged Roosevelt resigned her membership and arranged for Anderson to sing at the Lincoln Memorial. for Anderson to sing at the Lincoln Memorial. Marian Anderson




21

The New Deal and American IndiansThe New Deal and American IndiansJohn Collier was appointed as commissioner of John Collier was appointed as commissioner of

Indian Affairs.Indian Affairs.The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 was The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 was

passed.passed.Preserve tribal ownership of landPreserve tribal ownership of landAid for college educationAid for college educationPromote and preserve native culturePromote and preserve native culture




22

Primary Source DetectivePrimary Source Detective Imagine it is 1933 (the first year of the Roosevelt Imagine it is 1933 (the first year of the Roosevelt

Administration). You and your assigned partner are on the Administration). You and your assigned partner are on the president’s personal staff. You have received the note you president’s personal staff. You have received the note you have in front of you.have in front of you. What can you tell about the person who wrote it and the motive What can you tell about the person who wrote it and the motive

for sending it? Be specific by quoting the source. for sending it? Be specific by quoting the source. What can you tell me about how the letter was received? What What can you tell me about how the letter was received? What

would you recommend happen as a result of the letter?would you recommend happen as a result of the letter? Whose case is most urgent? Whose case is the American Whose case is most urgent? Whose case is the American

government best suited to solve? Why?government best suited to solve? Why? What do these letters tell us about the time for which they What do these letters tell us about the time for which they

were written? How might letters like this drive the New were written? How might letters like this drive the New Deal.Deal.

historymatters.gmu/d/5057

Documents

Transcript of historymatters.gmu/d/5057