History of Camera Technologies

Week Four - 6th February 2012Paul Carter

The story so far ...• Camera obscura used for many hundreds

of years

• 16th Century - improved by using lenses

• 1800 Thomas Wedgewood uses chemicals on leather to produce images

• 1825 Joseph Nicéphore Niépce uses a camera obscura and a bitumen coated plate to produce ‘first’ photograph

Louis Daguerre

Daguerrotype

Henry Fox Talbot

Calotype

Hamilton Smith/ William Kloen

Tintypes

Problems of reproduction

• Daguerrotypes - positive on to metal

• Tintypes - positive on to metal

• Calotype - negative on to paper

Glass plates• Wet Collodion

• very inconvenient

• 10 minutes to coat plate, take shot and develop

• Dry Collodion

• more convenient

• very long exposure

George Eastman

• 1884 First roll film (emulsion on paper)

• 1888 Kodak camera

• 1888 Cellulose base film

Photography leads to experimentation in STOPPING motion

Eadweard Muybridge

• Born Edward Muggeridge in Kingston Upon Thames

• Travelling photographer in US

• Asked to solve question of galloping horse

• Created ‘series photographs’

QuickTime and aªGIF decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime and aª decompressor

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Thomas EdisonEdison Manufacturing Company

W.K.L. Dickson

Kinetograph/ Kinetoscope

Auguste and Louis Lumière

Cinématographe

First paid admission film show

Salon Indien du Grand Café, Paris28th December 1895

35mm Film

4 perforations per frame