HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD
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Transcript of HISTORY 3040 CANADA AND THE WORLD
HISTORY 3040HISTORY 3040
CANADA AND THE WORLD
Dr. Curtis Cole
Trent University in Oshawa
The 1930sThe 1930sPart OnePart One
January 11, 2010
The 1930s: Part One
The Great Depression
The 1930s: Part One
The Great Depression
Impact of the DepressionSocialPoliticalConstitutionalAdministrativePsychological
The 1930s: Part One
The Dirty Thirties
The 1930s: Part One
The Dirty Thirties
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
Summer, 1929construction downcar inventories upfreight car loadings downindustrial production downwholesale prices down
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
The CrashOct. 21: Market sharply downOct. 23: Down furtherOct. 29: BLACK TUESDAY
The 1930s: Part One
NY Stock Exchange Floor, Oct. 29, 1929
The Crash
The 1930s: Part One
The CrashTotal Losses Oct. 1929: $16 billionOct. 25 – Nov. 8: down 40%
The 1930s: Part One
Dow Jones Industrials, June 1929 – May 1933
The Crash
The 1930s: Part One
Causes of the Depression:Not the Stock Market Crash itselfProfits not passed on to producers:
labourers, farmersToo much expansion of industrial
capacityMarkets became saturated
The 1930s: Part One
Causes of the Depression:Government Policy:
Inequitable Tax Load DistributionHigh TariffsCorporate ConcentrationLittle or No Securities Regulation
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:Canadian Economy Heavily
Dependent on Staple Exports1929-1923 Canadian Exports Down 60% Protective TariffsUS Hawley-Smoot Tariff, 19301929-1933 Canadian GNP down 30%1933, Unemployment Rate: 30%
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down
48% Saskatchewan Down 72%! 1927: Wheat >$2.00/bushel1933: Wheat <40¢/bushelHigh Fixed Debt Load
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:
The Dust Bowl
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down
48% Saskatchewan Down 72%! Nova Scotia Down 36%Hardest on the PoorLaissez-Faire
Thomas Malthus1766-1834
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down
48% Saskatchewan Down 72%! Nova Scotia Down 36%Hardest on the PoorLaissez-Faire
Andrew MellonUS Secretary of the Treasury
1929-1932
The 1930s: Part One
Politics in Canada:Liberal Leader Since 1919 Prime Minister Since 1921
(except summer of 1926) Election July 28, 1930Budget in May
William LyonMackenzie King
The 1930s: Part One
Politics in Canada:Conservative Leader Since 1927 Higher Tariffs Blast a Way Into The
Markets of the World
R.B. Bennett
Arthur Meighen
The 1930s: Part One
July 28, 1930 General Election Results:Conservatives : 137 Liberals : 91 Progressives : 12
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Manitoba:
1922-1928: United Farmers of Manitoba
1928-1931: Progressives 1931-1940: Liberal-Progressives
John BrackenManitoba Premier
1922-1942
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:British Columbia:
Conservative Federal Minister of
Agriculture, 1919-1921
Simon Fraser TolmieB.C. Premier
1928-1933
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:British Columbia:
LiberalTolmie’s Conservatives 3rd Opposition: CCF
Duff PattulloB.C. Premier
1933-1941
The 1930s: Part One
CCF:Cooperative Commonwealth Federation:
Founded Calgary, 1932Regina Manifesto, 1933Universal Health Insurance Workers’ CompensationUnemployment Insurance
J.S. Woodsworth
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Alberta:
United Farmers of Alberta, 1921-1935
Social Credit, 1935-1971
William AberhartAlberta Premier
1935-1943
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Ontario:
George S. HenryOntario Premier
1930-1934
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Ontario:
Mitch HepburnOntario Premier
1934-1942
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Quebec:
Union Nationale
Maurice DuplessisQuebec Premier
1936-39, 1944-59
The 1930s: Part One
Bennett’s Government:
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
1935 Bennett Buggie
The 1930s: Part One
Bennett’s Government:Sept. 1930: 3 measures
Tariff Increase Anti-Dumping RegulationsPublic Works Programs
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
The United States:The New Deal
Economic Pump-Priming Government RegulationFDR Re-elected 1936,
1940, 1944 (died April, 1945)
Franklin D. RooseveltUS President
1933-1945
The 1930s: Part One
Bennett’s Government:1935: The Little New Deal
Political Desperation W.D. Herridge
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
Oct. 23, 1935 General Election Results:Conservatives : 40 (1930: 137)
Liberals : 171 (1930: 91)
CCF : 7
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
Oct. 23, 1935 General Election Results:Conservatives : 40 (1930: 137)
Liberals : 171 (1930: 91)
CCF : 7
William LyonMackenzie KingPrime Minister1921-26, 1926-30, 1935-48
NEXT CLASS
The 1930sPart Two
Reading:Stacey, vol. II, pp. 194-269
NOTE:Next Class (Jan. 18) Starts at 7:45pm
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CANADA AND THE WORLD