History 171, Spring 2013 Office hours: Ronald W. Schatz (860) 685-2384; rschatz@wesleyan.edu

Exploring Middletown's History: A Research and Writing Workshop – DRAFT

“An American town, large enough to contain a fairly complete representation of the different classes and types of people yet not so large that individualities are submerged in the general mass, or the line between the classes blurred and made indistinct, is the real epitome of American life.”

- Randolph Bourne, 19131

In most courses students answer questions on exams or write papers in response to books by eminent authors. This course is different. In this seminar students are actually become historians. They learn about the history of Middletown, and then select one facet of the city’s history to explore in depth. They devote most of the semester to research, write an essay based on their own digging, present drafts of their findings to the class and outside authorities, and then revised their drafts. In the process they develop skills at research, writing, and oral presentation that could serve them well in the future.

Although members of the Wesleyan community may be unaware of it, many of the most significant themes in America's past can be seen during the course of Middletown's 360-year-long history, including the encounters between the colonists and indigenous peoples, the slave trade, agriculture, industrialization and immigration, shipping and trade with China and the Caribbean, earnings and the distribution of wealth, shifting relations among ethnic and religious groups, business practices, labor unions, philanthropy, local sports, party politics, the civil right movement, the home front in every war in American history, and public and religious education from elementary school through college.

Despite its history, and the documentary materials readily available at Olin Library and other libraries and archives, Middletown has attracted relatively little attention from historians. Consequently, students in this seminar can make a genuine contribution to deepening knowledge of this area in which they spend their college years.

REQUIREMENTS & EVALUATION: The principal requirement is a willingness to work hard and steadily, over many weeks, to decipher the meaning behind documents. Each student will be asked to submit by 10:15 a.m. on class days when we have assigned readings a list of discussion questions about those readings. During weeks not devoted to discussions, seminar members will work on their own research and meet individually with the professor. Students will be asked to submit a series of reports on their research, an outline and bibliography, and finally both draft and polished version of their essays. The essays normally will range from 15 to 30 pages in length and will be based mainly on primary sources. Conscientious work and regular attendance are assumed. Course grade will be based on the final essay (75%) and contribution to course discussion (25%).

COURSE SEQUENCE: After meeting and discussing plans for the seminar on the first day, we will walk over to Olin Library to meet with Suzy Taraba, University Archivist, to discuss sources on Middletown history available at Special Collections and Archives. In subsequent weeks we

1 Randolph Bourne, “The Social Order of an American Town,” Atlantic Monthly, February 1913

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will read and discuss studies of Middletown produced in the past and visit the Middlesex County Historical Society and the Middletown Room at Russell Library to become acquainted with sources available at those institutions. Depending on the students’ interests, we may also take a trip to the Connecticut State Archives in Hartford.

On February 27th we will have a session where students describe their tentative research plans and discuss how to conduct research. After that, the group will break up, with each person pursuing his or her own research. I will meet with each student regularly throughout that period. I would encourage students to share ideas and information with each other as well.

We will reconvene as a group at least twice in March and April to report on research progress and to discuss essays on Middletown written by past students which can serve as examples. We will meet again on early in May, most likely in the evening, to discuss the penultimate drafts. I will invite several authors and archivists well informed about local history to join us for that session.

DUE DATES: Sunday, February 26th: Send research proposal to all participants by 1p.m.

Friday, March 23rd, March 23: Send progress reports to all participants by noon. Sunday, April 8th: Send progress reports to all participants by noon. Sunday, April 15th: Submit rough outline and annotated bibliography by 1p.m. Wednesday, May 2nd: Send full draft of final essay to all participants by noon Monday, May 7th: Seminar meeting to discuss drafts. Monday, May 14th: Polished essay due by 11a.m.

OFFICE HOURS: In addition to meeting in the seminar or individually each week, I would be glad to talk to you after class, during office hours, and by appointment. I’ll have office hours this semester on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3 to 4pm. If this time is not convenient, call or send a message, and we can schedule another hour. My office is in the Public Affairs Center, Room 306. The telephone number is 685-2384; e-mail address is; rschatz@wesleyan.edu.

READING MATERIALS: The common readings will be available on reserve, in the microfilm room, and/or in the Archives and Special Collections at Olin Library. Special Collection is open only in the afternoon, Monday through Friday, 1 to 5 p.m. Russell Library is open every Monday through Saturday except February 20 and April 6. Do not leave this reading to the last minute. The assignments will be substantial and will require careful reading.

Copies of Kate Tarabian, et al, Student’s Guide to Writing College Papers, 4th. Ed., are available at Broad Street Bookstore, other booksellers, and on reserve at Olin. If you don’t own a good thesaurus, I would recommend that you buy one. The version on Word is mediocre. I use The Oxford Thesaurus: American Edition. Inexpensive second-hand copies are available on line.

- RWS

SCHEDULE

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Week 1 Introduction and visit to Special Collections and Archives Week 2 Historical overviews Readings: A brief summary of Middletown’s history:

http://www.middletownplanning.com/middletown_history.htmlPeter Dobkin Hall, Middletown: Streets, Commerce, and People, 1650-1981

(1981), entireElizabeth A. Warner, A Pictorial History of Middletown (1990 and 2001), entire History of Middlesex County, Conn., with biographical sketches of its prominent

men (NY: J. B. Beers & Co., 1884, 2001), pp. 1-8, 16-18, 40-58, 89, 92-93, 96-173. Rec’d: William Walter Cooney, “Middletown, Connecticut: A Sociological and

Economic Survey” Wesleyan thesis, 1934, chs. 2-7, 9 (pp. 15-107, 127-46) – Available at Special Collections & in the microfilm room

Randolph Bourne, “The Social Order of an American Town,” Atlantic Monthly, February 1913

Week 3 Discussion of essays on 19th and 20th Century Middletown & research trip Readings: Ronald Schatz, “Middletown’s Barons of Middletown and the Decline of the Northeastern Anglo-Protestant Elite,” unpublished essay, January 2012

Peter Cunningham Baldwin, “Italians in Middletown, 1893-1932: The Formation of an Ethnic Community,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1984, introduction, chs. 4-7, conclusion:

http://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1593&context=etd_hon_theses After discussing the readings listed above, we will walk down to Russell Library

to meet Denise Russo in Russell Library’s Middletown Room to learn about sources available there.

Week 4 Discussion of research on Middletown and Wesleyan history & research trip Reading: Erik Hesselberg, “A Vanished Port: Middletown and the Great Era of West Indies Trade,” Wesleyan, no. 1, 2011, pp. 34-37:

LH1 .ELECTRONIC JOURNAL   Nicholas J. Davenport, “Student Radicals at Wesleyan University, 1929-1941,”

Wesleyan University senior thesis, 2010:http://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/etd_hon_theses/586/

After discussing the readings listed above, we will walk to the Middlesex County Historical Society for a discussion with its director,

Deborah Shapiro

Week 5 Preliminary research, discussion of ideas for research essays Reading: Kate Tarabian, et al, Student’s Guide to Writing College Papers, 4th. ed (2010), chapters 1-2

Week 6 Pursue research and meet individually with professor Reading: Kate Tarabian, et al., chapters 3-4

Week 7 Reconvene to discuss projects

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Reading: Kate Tarabian, et al., chapter 5Erica Belkin, “The Colonization Societies: Middletown’s Forgotten Movement,”

Wesleyan University seminar essay, 2005

Week 8 Pursue research and meet individually with professor Reading: Kate Tarabian, et al., chapter 6-8

Week 9 Re-convene to discuss essays-in-progress and discussion of writing Readings: Joseph Yannielli, “Abolition and Reaction in Middletown, 1830-1840,” Historical Narratives, no. 2 (2004).

Week 10-12 Consult individually, draft essay Reading: Kate Tarabian, et al., chapters 9-14, 17-18, 21-23

Week 13 Meet together to discuss penultimate drafts – time & place to be announced Reading: All of the students’ drafts

Bibliography

GENERAL HISTORIES OF MIDDLETOWN

Chafee, Grace Irene, “Middletown,” The Connecticut Quarterly, vol. 4 (1898), 10-29.Field, David Dudley, Statistical Account of the County of Middlesex, in Connecticut (1819)________________, Centennial Address, with historical sketches of Cromwell, Portland, Chatham, Middle-Haddam, Middletown, and its parishes (1853)Greater Middletown Preservation Trust, Long Ago, Not Far Away: An Illustrated History of Six Middlesex County Towns (1996) Hall, Peter Dobkin, Middletown: Streets, Commerce, and People, 1650-1981 (1981).History of Middlesex County, Conn., with biographical sketches of its prominent men (NY: J. B. Beers & Co., 1884)Pike, Judith J., A Study of Place Names in Middletown, Connecticut (1953) Wallace, Willard M., Middletown, 1650-1950 (1950).Warner, Elizabeth A., A Pictorial History of Middletown (1990)Inventory of Wesleyan student papers about Middletown history: www.wesleyan.edu/libr/schome/FAs/mi1000-133.html

GENERAL GUIDELINES

Goldfarb, David, ed., Encyclopedia of American Urban History (2007)Kammen, Carol and Norma Prendergast, Encyclopedia of Local History (2000) Kammen, Carol, On Doing Local History: Reflections on What Local Historians Do,

Why, and What It Means (1986)Schnare, “Local Historical Resources in Connecticut: A Guide to Their Use,” Darien,

Connecticut League of Historical Societies, 1975Stark, Bruce, Guide to the Archives of the Connecticut State Library (2002)Stave, Bruce and John F. Sutherland, The Making of Urban History: Historiography through Oral History (1977)

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THE PEQUOTS & MOHEGANS

Cave, Alfred A., The Pequot War (1996).Eisler, Kim I., Revenge of the Pequots: How a Small Native American Tribe Created The World’s Most Profitable Casino (2001).Hauptman, Laurence M. and James D. Wherry, The Pequots in Southern New England: The Fall and Rise of an American Indian Nation (1990).Jarvis, Brad D. E., The Brothertown Nations of Indians: Land Ownership and Nationalism in Early America, 1740-1840 (2010), ch. 1ff. Kupperman, Karen O., Indians and English: Facing Off in Early America (2000)__________________, “The Connecticut River: A Magnet for Settlement,” Connecticut History, 35:1 (Spring 1994), 50-67.Lepore, Jill, The Name of War: King Philip’s War and the Origins of American Identity (1998).Oberg, Michael Leroy, Uncas: The First of the Mohegans (2003)Scherer,Eli, “A Clash of Civilizations: Wangunk and Colonial Relations in the 17th and 18th Century in Middletown and Portland Connecticut,” WU, History 171, 2006Silverman, David J., Faith and Boundaries: Colonists, Christianity, and Community among the Wampanoag Indians of Martha's Vineyard, 1600–1871Thomas, Peter A., “In the Maelstrom of Change: The Indian Trade and Cultural Process in the Middle Connecticut River Valley, 1635-1665,” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Massachusetts, 1979Vaughan, Alden, Roots of American Racism: Essays on the Colonial Experience (1995).Wheeler, Rachel, To Live upon Hope: Mohicans and Missionaries in the Eighteenth -Century Northeast (2008)Wood, Joseph S., “New England’s Exceptionalist Tradition: Rethinking the Colonial Encounter with the Land,” Connecticut History, 35:1 (Spring 1994), 147-191

SLAVERY, THE SLAVE TRADE, ABOLITIONISM

Belkin, Erica, “The Colonization Societies: Middletown’s Forgotten Movement,” WU seminar essay, 2005 “Complicity: How Connecticut Chained Itself to Slavery,” special issue of “Northeast” magazine, Hartford Courant, September 29, 2002 Maybeck, Blake, “The Colonization Controversy of the 1830’s through the Eyes of Wilbur Fisk,” Wesleyan senior thesis, 2005Melish, Joanne Pope, Disowning Slavery: Gradual Emancipation and “Race” in New England, 1780-1860 (1998) Shanner, Laurie, “Trials and Triumphs: True Stories of Slavery in Connecticut,” seminar essay, WU, 2001Yannielli, Joseph, “Abolition and Reaction in Middletown, 1830-1840,” Historical Narratives, vol. 2 (2004), pp. 79-108Yannielli, Joseph L., “’Truly This is Our Home’: The Political Culture of Abolitionism and the Case of Connecticut,” Wesleyan University senior thesis, 2005

AFRICAN AMERICANS IN MIDDLETOWN

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Black Women’s League of Middletown, Connecticut, eds., Black Perspectives on Middletown (1976), WU, Special Collections

Cross Street A.M.E. Zion Church: Street, Jubilee, Vision – An Exhibition at Wesleyan University, 2001, pamphlet, in Special Collection, WU

Cunningham, Janet and Elizabeth A. Warner, Experiment in Community: An African-American Community, Middletown, Connecticut, 1847-1930: A Research Report (2002)

Nasta, Jesse, “Their Own Guardians and Protectors”: African Americans in Middletown, Connecticut,’” Wesleyan University senior thesis 2007

Smith, Nancy, “The Road to Diversity,” Wesleyan: The University Magazine, fall 1999, pp. 2-24

CONNECTICUT TOWNS DURING THE COLONIAL & EARLY REPULIC ERA

A Lyme Miscellany, 1776-1976 (1977), ed. George J. Willauer, Jr.Bushman, Richard L. From Puritan to Yankee: Character and the Social Order in

Connecticut, 1690-1765 (1967)Cook, Edward, The Father of the Towns: Leadership and Community Structure in Eighteen Century New England (1976)Daniels, Bruce C., The Connecticut Town: Growth and Development, 1635-1790

(1979)______________, ed., Town and County: Essays on the Structure of Local

Government in the American Colonies (1978) Dayton, Cornelia, Women Before the Bar: Gender, Law, and Society in Connecticut, 1639-1789 (1995)

Demos, John, A Little Commonwealth: Family Life in Plymouth County (1970)Ditz, Toby, Property and Kinship: Inheritance in Early Connecticut, 1750-1820

(1986) Doherty, Robert, Society and Power in Five New England Towns, 1800-1860 (1977)Garvan, Anthony, Architecture and Town Planning in Colonial Connecticut (1951)Green, Franklin L., Sibling Rivalry: A Study of Civic Competition in 19th Century

Connecticut, WU senior thesis, 1965 (compares Middletown, New Haven and Hartford)

Innes, Stephen, Labor in a New Labor: Economy and Society in Seventeen Century Springfield (1983)Lockridge, Kenneth, A New England Town/The First Hundred Years: Dedham, Massachusetts, 1636-1736 (1970) Martin, John Frederick, Profits in the Wilderness: Entrepreneurship and the Founding of New England Towns in the Seventeenth Century (1991)

McKinney, Hannah J., The Development of Local Public Services, 1650-1860: Lessons from Middletown, WU senior thesis, 1995

Van Dusen, Albert, Middletown & the American Revolution (1950)Zuckerman, Michael, Peaceable Kingdoms: New England Towns in the Eighteen Century

(1970)

THE CONNECTICUT RIVER

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“A Pamphlet Containing Two Articles on Middletown and the Connecticut River,” Modern Ephemeral collection, file folder “Centennials, Middletown, Tercentenary,” Middletown Room, Russell Library Annual Reports of the U.S. Army Corps of EngineersBacon, E. M., Connecticut River and the Valley of the Connecticut (1906)Genth, Martha K., “Valley Towns of Connecticut,” Bulletin of the American Geographical Society, 39:9 (1907) Hesselberg, Erik, “A Vanished Port: Middletown and the Great Era of West Indies Trade,” Wesleyan, no. 1, 2011, pp. 34-37 Leuchtenburg, William E., Flood Control Politics: The Connecticut River Problem, 1927-1950 (1953). Roberts,G. S., Historic Towns of the Connecticut River Valley (1906)Wadsworth Atheneum, The Great River: Art & Society of the Connecticut Valley, 1635-1820 (1985)Political Papers of William Citron, Connecticut Congressman, 1935-1939,

Special Collections, Olin Library

THE INDUSTRIALIZATION OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY

Barry, John, "The Starr Family of Middletown, Ct.: A Study in Social Mobility and Social Experience," 1979 Wesleyan student papers file, SCA, Olin Boyle, Doe, “The Quarry that Built Boston and New York City,” Hog River Journal, 6:3 (summer 2008), pp. 34-39. Connecticut's Representation at Philadelphia, 1876. (1877). In Souvenir of the Centennial Exhibition (1st. ed., Hartford, CT.: Geo. B. Curtis.)Delaney, Edmund. Life in The Connecticut River Valley 1800-1840 (1988).Deyrup, Felicia Johnson, Arms Manufacturing of the Connecticut Valley, 1798-1870 Smith College Studies in History, vol. 33 (1948).Dickman, Howard, “Technological Innovation in the Woolen Industry: the Middletown Manufacturing Co.,” Connecticut Historical Society Bulletin, no. 37 (April 1972)Donlan, H. F., ed., The Middletown Tribune: Souvenir Edition, An Illustrated and Descriptive Exposition of Middletown, Portland, Cromwell, East Berlin, and Higganum (1896) Druler, Michael, “Weighed, Counted, and Measured: Manufactures in Middletown, 1860-1880,” unpublished student essay, Wesleyan, 1976 E1delman, R., “The Growth and Decline of Railroads in Middletown, Connecticut,” Honors thesis, Wesleyan University, 1971Engstrom, David Wells, “A Tale of Two Cities: The Development of Industry in Middletown and Meriden, Connecticut, 1810-1860,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1980Friar, John H., “Flowing north is not against the main stream: mills in Rockfall and Staddle Hill on the West River with biographical sketches of Joshua Stow, Henry G. Hubbard, and Otis A Smith,” M.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1992 Gray, Brenda, “The Mercantile Community of Middletown, Connecticut, 1780-1820,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1978.Green, Franklin L. “Sibling Rivalry: A Study of Civic Competition in 19th Century Connecticut,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1965Hall, Catherine J., The Leading Business Men of Middletown (Boston: Mercantile Publishing Co., 1890). Hennigan, Anne F., “Railroads and Economic Development in Middletown: 1865-1880,”

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Wesleyan, student essay, 1977Loether, Paul, “The Brownstone Quarrying Industry in Portland,” Wesleyan student essay, ca. 1980? Lowenthal, Larry, “Railroad Rivalry in the Connecticut River Valley,” Historical Journal Of Western Massachusetts, vol. 20, no. 2 (1992), pp. 109-132. Martin, Margaret, Merchants and Trade of the Connecticut River Valley (1939)Middlebrook, Louis F., Maritime Connecticut during the Revolution (1925)Munkittrick, Alain D. “Samuel Wadsworth Russell, 1789-1862: A Study of Ordered Investment,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1973Prue, Bernard, Nathan Starr Arms (1999)Saladino, John Gaspare, “The Economic Revolution in Late Eighteenth-Century Connecticut,” Ph.D. dissertation, U. of Wisconsin, 1964.

THE CIVIL WAR ERA

De Forest, J. W., Miss Ravenel’s Conversion from Secession to Loyalty (1939) - a New edition of realistic novel written shortly after the war by a New Haven veteran, highly praised by William Dean Howells,

Hamblen, Charles P., Connecticut Yankees at Gettysburg, ed. Walter L. Powell (1993) Hollister, Timothy S., “A Prosopographical Study of the State Legislators from Middletown, 1860-1910,” 1977, Olin Library Special Collections Niven, John, Connecticut for the Union: The Role of the State in the Civil War (1965)

Raus, Edmund J., Jr., Banners South: A Northern Community at War. A study of Cortland, NY; possible source of ideas for Middletown research.

Van Tassel, David, “Beyond Bayonets”: The Civil War in Northern Ohio (2006); another source of idea for local comparison. Warshauer, Matthew, Connecticut in the American Civil War: Slavery, Sacrifice, & Survival (2011)

THE MELILLESE & OTHER LOCAL ITALIAN-AMERICANS

Annino, Ann, My Grandfather: The Tall Italian (1981) – a touching novel about life in the North End at the turn of the 20th century Annino, James Vincenzo, Arrvederci Melilli . . . Hello Middletown (1980)Antonelli, Vincent, “Saint Sebastian’s Church and the Melillese in Middletown, Connecticut, 1896-1933,” Wesleyan senior essay, 1991Baldwin, Peter Cunningham, “Italians in Middletown, 1893-1932: The Formation of an Ethnic Community,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1984.Child, Irwin, Italian or American? The Second Generation in Conflict (1943) – a study of New Haven Italian-Americans Corvo, Max, The O.S.S. in Italy, 1942-1945: A Personal Memoir (1990)Corvo, Max, The O.S.S. in Italy (1990) – video-recording, Russell Library Lombardo, Joseph G., “Green Street: the Americanization of a Sicilian Village,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1989.Marino, Richard L., “From Sicily to America: a study of three generations of the Salvatore Felice Marino family,” Certificate of Advanced Study, WU, 1986.Rose Ruffino Swol, “Memories,” unpublished, 2nd ed. 2005, available in Special Collections, Olin LibrarySangree, Walter H., “Mel Hyblaeum: A Study of the people of Middletown of Sicilian Extraction with Special Emphasis on the Changes in Their Values Resulting from

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Assimilation into the Middletown Community,” M.A. thesis, WU, 1952.Snyder, William E., “The Maintenance of the Sicilian Language in Middletown, Connecticut,” June, 1983.Tak, Herman, South Italian Festivals: A Local History of Ritual and Change (2000) Vinci, Leon, “A Middletown Italian-American in Show Business – Tony Pastor,” Ethnic Heritage Studies, Joiurnal 1980, Graduate Liberal Studies Program (1981), pp. 174-90

OTHER ETHNIC GROUPS ORIGINALLY FROM EUROPE

Blake, Casey, “The Irish Immigrants—Middletown, Connecticut, 1830-1860,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1978Breidenbach, Paul, “Americanization of Polish and Italian Immigrants in Middletown,” WU seminar essay, undatedBukowczyk, John J., A History of the Polish Americans (2008) __________, ed., Polish Americans and Their History: Community, Culture, and Politics (1996)Byczkiewicz, Romuald K., A Century of Polonia in Middletown, Connecticut (Call Number: S325 B93, Special Collections) Koenig, Samuel, Immigrant Settlements in Connecticut: Their Growth and Characteristics (1938) Koenig, Samuel, “Ethnic Factors in the Economic Life of Urban Connecticut,” American Sociological Review, 8:2 (1943), 193-97. Krakaur, Keith, “The Ideology of Mobility: a Study of Irish Economic Mobility and Group Assimilation in Late Nineteenth-Century Middletown, Connecticut,” Honors thesis, Wesleyan University, 1981.Lindenthal, Jacob Jay, “Early History of the Jews of Middletown, Connecticut,” Ph.D. dissertation, Yeshiva University, 1973 McKenna, Edward J., The One Hundredth Anniversary of the Founding of St. John’s Parish, 1843-1943 (1943)Milano, Marche, “The Famine Generation: The Middletown Irish in the 1850s,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1980Odim, Carlton, “Middletown’s Blacks,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1977Raczka, Theodore John, “Polish Immigration to New England,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1938. (final chapter discusses Middletown)Shanner, Laurie, “Trials and Triumphs: True Stories of Slavery in Connecticut,” unpublished essay, 2001.Sherrow, Doris, “Jews in Portland: The Eastern Tinware Community,” student essay, Wesleyan, 1981Wilder, Barry, “Different Shade of Green: a Study of Irish-American Institutions in Middletown, Connecticut, 1880-1915,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1980Xenelis-Fuller, Elaine, “From the Greek-American Fruit and Candy Company, 1901, to the Middlesex Fruitery, 1981,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1981

RELIGIOUS FAITH AND INSTITUTIONS IN MIDDLETOWN

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Albrecht, Anthony, “Like a Puzzle with all of its Pieces, Xavier is Complete with Community Help,” seminar essay, 2005Antonelli, Vincent, “Saint Sebastian’s Church and the Melillese in Middletown, Connecticut, 1896-1933,” Wesleyan senior essay, 1991Bush, Martha, “The Second Great Awakening: Middletown, Connecticut, 1790-1830,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1979Early, Gerry, “The Second Great Awakening in Middletown: A Paradox,” seminar paper, Wesleyan University, 1980Kelley, J. Ralph, Catholics in Eastern Connecticut (The Diocese of Norwich, 1985) Richter, Alice Bridge, History of the Church of Holy Trinity, Middletow, Connecticut (Middletown, privately printed, 1963)

THE AGE OF THE BARONS

Acheson, Dean, Morning and Noon (1965), ch. 1Donlan, H. F., ed., The Middletown Tribune: Souvenir Edition, An Illustrated and Descriptive Exposition of Middletown, Portland, Cromwell, East Berlin, and Higganum (1896) Downs, Jacques M., “American Merchants and the China Opium Trade, 1800-1840,” Business History Review, 42:4 (1968), 418-42. Guildford, Glenn, “The Alsop House,” located in Art LibraryHall, Catherine J., The Leading Business Men of Middletown (Boston: Mercantile Publishing Co., 1890). Hollister, Timothy S., “A Prosopographic Study of State Legislators from Middletown, 1860-1910,” Wesleyan student essay, 1977, in Olin Special CollectionsMunkittrick, Alain D. “Samuel Wadsworth Russell, 1789-1862: A Study of Ordered Investment,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1973Berkeley Divinity School, Some recent facts and attending conditions to which the attention of the alumni, the trustees, and also the friends of the Berkeley Divinity School should be called (1921) – Special Collections Berkeley Divinity School, Lovers of a pure gospel speak in behalf of Berkeley: an analysis of the conditions at present existing at Berkeley Divinity School, Middletown, Connecticut (1921) – Special Collections Marquis, Albert Nelson, ed., Who’s Who in New England (1909) Joseph Alsop Ship’s Manifesto, 1805, Special Collections, WU Samuel McSeveny, The Politics of Depression: Political Behavior in the Northeast, 1893-1896 (1972)David Alvarez and Edmund J. True, “Critical Elections and Partisan Realignment: An Urban Test Case,” Polity, 5 (1975): 563-576. (ward-by-ward analysis of elections in Hartford, 1893-1940) Men of Mark in Connecticut: ideals of American life told in biographies and auto- biographies of eminent living Americans, ed. Col. N. G. Osburn, vols. 1-5 (1906-1910).

WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY

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Potts, David, Wesleyan University, 1831-1910: Collegiate Enterprise in New England (1992)Ambrose, Stephen, Duty, Honor, Country: A History of West Point (1966) – re: Captain PartridgeBrown, Victoria Bissell, “Conservative among the Progressives: Woodrow Wilson in the Golden Age of American Women’s Higher Education,” in The Educational Legacy of Woodrow Wilson: From College to Nation , ed. James Axtell (2012), pp. 122-68.Harrington, Karl Pomeroy, The Background of Wesleyan: A Study of Local Conditions About The Time the College Was Founded (1942)Hechtkopf, Quinn, “Two Years of Protest: Divestment at Wesleyan University, 1988 -1990,” WU seminar essay, 2005Knight, Louise Wilby, “The `Quails’: The History of Wesleyan University’s First Period Of Coeducation, 1872-1912,” WU, 1972.Lieber, Samuel A., “The Impact of the Plan and Architecture of Wesleyan University on Student Life.” B.A. thesis, WU, 1979.Erwin, Margaret, “The New Psychology at Wesleyan University,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1978.List, Jeffrey H., “Attitudes toward Blacks and Immigrants at Wesleyan University, 1831- 1920,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1986.Snow, Wilbert, Codline’s Child: The Autobiography of Wilbert Snow (1974)Svonkin, Stuart, “The Creation of a Pluralistic Religious Orientation: The Integration of Jews and Judaism at Wesleyan University,” WU seminar essay, 1987 Svonkin, Stuart G. “The Pluralistic Ideal at Wesleyan: Wesleyan's Orientation toward Race, Class, Gender, and Religion within the Student Body, 1870-1970,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1989.Delegard, Kristen, “Mixed Memories: Reflections on Twenty-Two Years of Coeducation at Wesleyan,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1990.Carl, Renél, “Gender, Sport, and the Creation of Self-Identity: Ice Hockey, Swimming, and Wrestling at Wesleyan University,” BA. thesis, WU, 1991.Hayes, Jeffrey W., “A History of the College of Social Studies,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1991Winn, Matthew Brian, “O Ivied Walls, O Storied Halls: The Wesleyan Campus, 1906-1942,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1992.Barrow, Jerry Lawrence, “`The Language of the Unheard’: Black Student Protest at Wesleyan University, 1965-1995,” B.A.thesis, WU, 1996.Schneider, Daniel P., “Secret Societies: The Creation of the College Fraternity System in Early Nineteenth Century America,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1996.Kulas, Benjamin T., “`Me and You, Lord’: Pre-Reformation Piety in the Barbour Prayer Book,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1999.Paret, Marcel, “Student Perspectives of Racial Interaction at Wesleyan University,” B.A. thesis, WU, 2000.Schur, Sarah B., “Hooking Up, Feeling Down: A Study of Courtship at Wesleyan University,” B.A. thesis, WU, 2000. B.A. thesis, WU, 2000.Goldman, Jordan, “A History of Wesleyan’s Office of Admissions, 1954-1963,” student essay, 2001Bronson, Walter C., The History of Brown University, 1764-1914 (1914)Morison, Samuel Eliot, Three Centuries of Harvard, 1636-1936 (1936)Davenport, Nicholas J., “Student Radicals at Wesleyan University, 1929-1941,”

Wesleyan University senior thesis, 2010

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TOWN GOVERNMENT

Dahl, Robert A., Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City (1961, 2005) – important study of New Haven Doherty, Robert, Society and Power in Five New England Towns, 1800-1860 (1977) Friedman, Howard, “The Progressive Experience in Middletown, 1900-1920,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1976Garin, Nikolas Atteraas, “Policing a New Middletown: Updating the Force at the Turn of the 20th Century,” WU seminar essay, 2005Hewitt, Clayton F.,“A Political Survey of Middletown, Connecticut,” M.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1957Hollister, Timothy S., “A Prosopographic Study of State Legislators from Middletown, 1860-1910,” Wesleyan student essay, 1977, in Olin Special CollectionsLeiman, Leonard, “The School District Reorganization Attempt in Middletown,” 1951McKinney, Hannah, The Development of Local Public Services, 1650-1860: Lessons from Middletown, Connecticut (1995)Meranze, Michael, “The Social Characteristics of the Middletown Power Elite, 1900-1920,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1976 Nasta, Jesse, “Local Relief in Middletown during the Great Depression, 1930-1933,” seminar essay, 2002 Poliner, Myron J., “The Government of Middletown in Transition,” 1954Perlin, Steven, “Relief in Middletown, 1933-35,” seminar essay, WU, 1976Shapiro, William I., “The Municipal Court of Middletown”Wildavsky, Aaron, Leadership in a Small Town (1964) – in-depth sociological analysis

of Oberlin, Ohio

THE CONNECTICUT VALLEY HOSPITAL & OTHER LOCAL HOSPITALS AND REFORM INSTITUTIONS

Andre, Farah K., “Cycles of Care at Connecticut Valley Hospital: A Study of Changing Role of Mental Hospitals in Connecticut,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 2001Beers, Clifford W., A Mind That Found Itself (1908)Brooks, Emma Rose, “The Connecticut Hospital for the Insane from 1868 to 1914,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 2000Dain, Norman, Clifford W. Beers: Advocate for the Insane (1980)Goodheart, Lawrence B., Mad Yankees: The Hartford Retreat for the Insane and

Nineteenth-Century Psychiatry (2003) Grob, Gerald N., The Mad Among Us:A History of the Care of America’s Mentally Ill (1994)_____________, Mental Illness and American Society, 1875-1940 (1983)_____________, Mental Institutions in America: Social Policy to 1875 (1973)_____________, The State and the Mentally Ill: A History of Worcester State Hospital in Massachusetts, 1830-1920 (1966)Klingher, Michael, “The Connecticut State Hospital for the Insane, 1866-1920, and the Transformation of Modern America,” undergraduate essay, Olin Special CollectionsLeavitt, Sarah, “Neglected, Vagrant, and Viciously Inclined: The Girls of the Connecticut

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Industrial School,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1992.Reports of the Board of Trustees of Connecticut Hospital for the Insane, 1868-1900Rothman, David J., The Discovery of the Asylum (1970)Werlinsky, Joan Hilary, “Making Sense of Mental Health in Middletown: Responding to the Impact of Changes in the Delivery of Mental Health Care Services,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1989.“U.S. Reports Blasts CVH,” Hartford Courant, Aug. 15, 2007, pp. 1, 5

DISEASE, EPIDEMICS & MEDICICAL TREATMENT IN TOWN

Bery, Maya, “The Forgotten Pandemic: the October 1918 Influenza pandemic amongst the immigrants in Middletown,” student essay, 2008

Greenberg, David and Ira D. Joel, Health Survey of Middletown, Connecticut (1918)

Middlesex County Hospital: A Report to the People of Middlesex County, Middletown, Connecticut (1947) – Special Coll.

Savas, Stephanie, “The War that Came Home: The Individuals that personalized the 1918 influenza in Middletown, Connecticut,” WU seminar essay, 2004

Thomas Miners and William Tully, Essays on Fevers (1823) – an account of epidemics in Middletown between 1790 and 1820 by a doctor who visited homes of ill seamen, Workers and their families

Tucker, William, “Middletown and Mental Health in the Aftermath of Deinstitutionalization,” student essay, 2008

UNIONS AND LABOR PROTEST

Cross, Wilbur L., Connecticut Yankee: An Autobiography (1943), ch. 33Dinnin, Alec, “Benjamin Douglas, Henry Hubbard, and Labor Relations in the late 19 th

Century,” student essay, fall 2008 Houston, John and Alex Kotlowitz, “Class Conflict in Middletown: The Remington-Rand Strike of 1936,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1976Kolopsky, Marc S., “Remington Rand Workers in the Tonawandas of Western New York, 1927-1956: A History of the Mohawk Valley Formula,” Ph.D. dissertation, SUNY-Buffalo, 1986. Martin, Todd, “Fanning the Flames of Discontent: The IWW and the Failure of Radical Dual Unionism,” Honors thesis, Wesleyan University, 1981Cuckow, Elizabeth, “A Ripple of Disorder: The IWW, Immigration, and Upheaval in the New England Textile Industry, 1912,” Wesleyan senior essay, 1992O’Connor, Brendan, “From Labor Leader to Police Chief: A Biography of Charles Anderson, 1912-1936,” WU seminar essay, 2005 Russell, Jeffery, Connecticut and the Rise of United Technology

MIDDLETOWN BETWEEN THE WORLD WARS

Bowman, Shaleen, “The History of the KKK in Middletown, CT during the 1920s,” seminar essay, 2001 Chasey, Steve, “Evolution of a Gradualist Program: Manipulation of Gender Stereotypes to Battling Apathy,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 2002 (an account of early years of the League of Women’s Voters in Middletown)Cooney, William Walter, “Middletown, Connecticut: A Sociological and Economic

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Survey,” M.A.L.S., WU, 1935 Gaebe, John, “The Great Depression and Its Impact on the City of Middletown,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1976Nichols, Carole Votes and More for Women: Suffrage and After in Connecticut (1983)Savas, Stephanie, “The War that Came Home: The Individuals that personalized the 1918 influenza in Middletown, Connecticut,” WU seminar essay, 2004 Schorr, Brian, “A Narrative History of Prohibition in Middletown,” seminar essay, WU, 1976

POLITICS & URBAN RENEWAL DURING AND SINCE THE 1950

Brotchner, Michael E., Serving Middletown: A Small City’s Nonprofit Public- Benefit Sector, Wesleyan University senior thesis, 1995

Center, Claudia, “”Urban Renewal and Citizens’ Groups in Middletown, Connecticut,” seminar paper, undated (1983?) Dahl, Robert A., Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City (1961, 2005) – important city of New Haven Dillion, William, “Redevelopment in Middletown: How It All Began,” thesis. 1977 – Special CollectionFriedman, Andrew, “Economic Development in Middletown, Connecticut,” senior essay, Wesleyan University, 1995Hewitt, Clayton F .,“A Political Survey of Middletown, Connecticut,” M.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1957Masbeck, Becca, “Middletown, Connecticut: Sumer of 1969: Civil Disturbances

and Community Relations in an American City,” WU seminar essay, 2001Morales, Jawn, “George Aylward as Middletown Police Chief,” WU seminar

essay, 2002

OTHER TOWNS FOR COMPARISON’S SAKE

Anderson, Elin L., We Americans: A Study of Cleavage in an American City (1937) – Burlington, Vermont.Carley, Rachel, Lichtfield: The Making of a New England Town (2011)Green, Constance McLaughlin, History of Naugatuck, Connecticut.

OTHER SPECIALIZED STUDIES

Middletown: 1650-1850

Barr, Leslie, “Music and Dance in Middletown, 1650-1820,” Honors thesis, Wesleyan University, 1981Bushman, Richard, From Puritan to Yankee: Character and the Social Order in Connecticut, 1690-1765 (1967)Cunningham, Janice, “From Fathers to Sons: The Emergence of the Modern Family In Rural Connecticut, 1700-1850” (M.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1979)DeAmicis, Scott, “Temperance in Antebellum Middletown,” honors thesis, Wesleyan University, 2008 Field, David Dudley, Warning against drunkenness: A sermon preached in the city of

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Middletown, June 20, 1816: the day of the execution of Peter Lung, for the murder of his wife (1816) – Special Collections Guildford, Glenn, “The Alsop House,” located in Art LibraryJames, Peggie Seitz, Stow, Ohio: Shadows of Its Past (1972)Lichtenstein, Bud, “Educational Reform in Middletown, 1838-1841,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1980McConaughy, J. L., “History of Middletown Shipping,” Middletown Press, Jan. 19, 1933Ostlund, Rachel, “Revolution in Agriculture in Middlesex County, Connecticut during the 19th Century,” WU seminar essay, 2005 Peretz, Stephen, “A Demographic Profile of Early Nineteenth Century Middletown, Connecticut: A Statistical Analysis” (seminar paper, Wesleyan University, 1978)Poss, Robert M., “Justice, Welfare, and the Social Order: Crime and Poverty in Middletown, Connecticut, 1750-1820” (B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1978)Purcell, Richard, Connecticut in Transition, 1775-1818 (1918)Roberts, George S., Historic Towns of the Connecticut River Valley (1906)Schneider, Judith, “Public Entertainment in Middletown, 1820-1850,” seminar essay, Wesleyan University, 1980Sheehan, Nora B., The Riverside Cemetery: Life and Death in Eighteenth Century Middletown, B.A. thesis, Wesleyan, 1984Starr, Burgis, A History of the Starr Family (1879)Sweeny, Robert, “The Temperance Movement in Middletown,” senior thesis, Wesleyan University, 1981Wilder, Barry, “Middletown’s Masons,” unpublished seminar paper, Wesleyan University, 1979Van Dusen, Albert, Middletown & the American Revolution (1950).Van Dusen, Albert E., Puritans Against the Wilderness: Connecticut History to 1763 (1975)Young, Jennifer, “John Revell Watkinson, 1772-1836: A Study of Early Industrial Development,” B.A. thesis, Wesleyan University, 1979.

Middletown, 1850-2000

Johnson, Curtiss, Raymond E. Baldwin: Connecticut Statesman (1972)Bateman, Raymond, “Socio-Political Survey of Cromwell, Connecticut,” 1950 Engstrom, David Wells, “A Tale of Two Cities: The Development of Industry in Middletown and Meriden, Connecticut, 1810-1860,” B.A. thesis, WU, 1980 Greenberg, David and Ira Joel, Health Survey of Middletown, Connecticut (1918)Hamblen, Charles P., Connecticut Yankees at Gettysburg, ed. Walter L. Powell (1993)Lieberman, Joseph I., The Power Broker: A Biography of John M. Bailey, Modern Political Boss (1966), ch. 5ffPike, Judith J., “A Study of Place Names in Middletown, Connecticut,” Master’s Thesis, Trinity College, 1953Sangree, Walter “Mel Hyblaeum: A Study of the People of Middletown of Sicilian Extraction with Special Emphasis on the Changes in Their Values Resulting from Assimilation in the Middletown Community,” Master’s thesis, Wesleyan University, 1952 – also available on microfilmSchorr, Brian, “A Narrative History of Prohibition in Middletown,” unpublished essay, 1976, Special Collections,

Strother, Horatio T., The Underground Railroad in Connecticut (1962), ch. 11Sullivan, Mark, Dependable Engines: The Story of Pratt & Whitney (2008)

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PRIMARY SOURCES – partial list 1650-1850

Alsop Family Papers, 1734-1914—42 boxes, Sterling Library, Yale UniversityConnecticut Historical Collections (New Haven, 1832) - for early maps of MiddletownField, D. D., A Statistical Account of the County of Middlesex in Connecticut (1819)__________, Centennial Address (1853)Hull, Harvey R., “Early Printing in Middletown,” Wesleyan Library Notes, 8 (winter 1972-73), pp. 1-10Middletown Gazette, 1789-19th c.Diaries of Noadiah Russell (1680), Mary Russell (1790s), Joshua Stow (1780-90s) – deposited at Middlesex County Historical SocietyMiddletown Female Charitable Society, 1808-1811 – ibid.Middletown Manuscript Collection, 1668-1937, Special Collections, Olin LibrarySketch of Maromas, WPA, Old Records Project, #2507, Middletown, CT, 1937

1850-1950

J. B. Beers & Co., Middlesex County-Commemorative Biographical Record (Chicago, 1903)Middletown and Portland Directory, 1868-1956The Connecticut Catholic“50th Anniversary Banquet and Dance,” commemorative program, the Sons of Italy Society, Middletown, Connecticut, 1953Hartford Courant and its predecessors, 1764-1922, available on line, Connecticut Digital

Library (www.iconn.org) Middletown City DirectoryMiddletown and Portland Directory (New Haven: Price and Lee Co.), 1868-1932The Middletown PressThe Middletown TribuneThe Middletown Tribune Souvenir Edition: An Illustrated and Descriptive Exposition of Middletown, Portland, Cromwell, and Higganum (Middletown, 1896)WPA, Federal Writers Project: The Connecticut Ethnic Survey, 1937-40 – Archives, State Library, HartfordPenny Press, latter 19th and early 20th centuriesRecords of the League of Women Voters chapter in Middletown, at Russell LibraryReports of the Social Service League, Middletown, Connecticut, 1910-1917, in Special Collections Records from local American Red Cross – in Middletown Room, Russell Library Jimerson, Randall, “The Connecticut Labor Archives,” Labor History, 31 (1-2): 39-43; records of Connecticut labor unions housed at U. of Connecticut Library; also see the Thomas Dodd Research Center website at the University of Connecticut LibraryConnecticut Valley Hospital records at the hospital’s library and the State Library The Mary Anne Tuthill Collection, 1904-46, assistant supervisor, Long Lane School,

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1917-46, includes photographs of the school during those years, Connecticut State Library, Accession #2007-004 Records of Wilcox, Crittendox & Co., Collection 231, Mystic Seaport Museum (mainly late 19th century) Wilcox College of Nursing Records, 1909-1997, Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut LibrariesRockfall Woolen Co. payroll accounts, in Allen-Lane Company Collection, Harvard Business School library

Political Papers of Rep. William Citron (CT-D), 1935-1939, Special Collections, Olin Library

1950 TO THE PRESENT

Hartford Courant, 1923-1984, searchable digital archive via Connecticut State Library Middletown City DirectoryMiddletown PressRecords from the IAM Cancel Lodge 700 (Pratt & Whitney aircraft) at U-Conn

Historical Archives and Manuscripts Wilcox College of Nursing Records, 1909-1997, Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut LibrariesConnecticut Employees Independent Union records, ibid.

FOR THE ENTIRE PERIOD

Records from the Mayor’s office and the Town Clerk’s office in the Vault at City Hall Records of the Middlesex County Probate Court Files from Wesleyan University at Special CollectionsProbate Court Records, Land Records, Mayoral Scrapbooks, City Directories, Census Records, Naturalization Indices, Passenger Lists, and Records for the Common Council—these and other materials in the Middletown Room Collection at Russell Library Russell Manufacturing Company, Middletown, Conn. Business Records 1833-1976, American Textile History Museum, Lowell, Massachusetts (In addition to Russell Manufacturing, the Falls, Starr, Montgomery, Higganum & Rockfall Mills were all under their control.)Hartford Courant and its predecessors, 1764-1984, available on online via Olin Library

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