Historical statistics of the United States, Colonial Times ...€¦ · Compu tations were by age...
Transcript of Historical statistics of the United States, Colonial Times ...€¦ · Compu tations were by age...
chapter C
Migration
INTERNAL MIGRATION (Series C 1-87)
C 1-73. General note.
Data concerning internal migration of the native population
are based on information concerning State of birth and State
of residence collected during the decennial censuses of popu
lation. Caution is required in the interpretation of these data
because the migration measured by each census is the net
movement from the time of birth to the census date. Mi
grants as defined here include only those persons who have
moved from one State to another and are, on the census date,
living in States other than those in which they were born.
Persons who moved from their State of birth and then returned
to it by the time of the census are classified as nonmigrants.
These statistics for migrants do not represent the total num
ber of persons who have moved from the State or geographic
division in which they were born to other States or divisions
during any given period of time. Some of those who moved
from one State to another died before the following census
date. Some moved from and returned, between censuses, to
their State of birth. Others moved to places outside conti
nental United States.
A native is defined as a person born in continental United
States, Puerto Rico, or the Territories or possessions, or born
abroad to American parents. Persons for whom place of birth
was not reported are included with the natives.
The classification of the population by color is not ordinarily
based on replies to census questions asked by the enumerators,
but rather is obtained by observation. This concept does not,
therefore, reflect a clear-cut definition of biological stock. The
nonwhite population consists of Negroes, American Indians,
Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, and some other groups. Per
sons of mixed parentage are placed in the color classification
of the nonwhite parent. Persons of Mexican birth or ances
try who are not definitely Indian or of other nonwhite stock
have been classified as white in all censuses except that of
1930. The lack of comparability introduced by this factor is
substantial in the West South Central, Mountain, and Pacific
Divisions. For revised 1930 figures for regions showing Mexi
cans classified as white, see series B 215-230 in Historical
Statistics of the United States, 1789-1 9J,5.
C 1-14. Native population, by residence within or outside
State, division, and region of birth, by color, 1850-1950.
Source: Special compilations made by the University of
Pennsylvania Studies of Population Redistribution and Economic
Growth from the following: 1850, The Seventh Census of the
United States: 1850, pp. xxxvi-xxxviii ; 1860, Eighth Census of
the United States: I860, table 5 for each State, pp. 10-589,
various pages, and pp. 616-619; 1870, Ninth Census Reports,
vol. I, pp. 327-335; 1880, Tenth Census Reports, Population,
pp. 484-491; 1890, Eleventh Census Reports, Population, part
1, pp. 564-567 and 576-579; 1900, Twelfth Census Reports,
Population, vol. I, part 1, pp. 686-693 and 702-705; 1910,
Thirteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. I, pp. 730-744;
1920, Fourteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, pp. 626-
640; 1930, Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, pp.
153-167; 1940, Sixteenth Census Reports, State of Birth of
the Native Population, pp. 20-39; 1950, 17. S. Census of Popu
lation: 1950, vol. IV, Special Reports, State of Birth, pp. 4A-24
to 4A-43.
In 1860, persons who were born in territories and who were
then residing in territories were assumed to be residing in the
territory of their birth.
See general note for definition of color and nativity; see also
text for series A 95-122 for definitions of division and region.
C 15-24. Native population born in each division, by division of
residence, by color, 1850-1950.
Source : See source for series C 1-14.
See also general note for definition of color and nativity.
C 25-73. Estimated net intercensal migration of total, native
white, foreign-born white, and Negro population surviving
from the preceding census date, by States, 1870-1950.
Source: Everett S. Lee, Ann Ratner Miller, Carol P. Brain-
erd, and Richard A. Easterlin, Population Redistribution and
Economic Growth: United States, 1870-1950, vol. I, Philadel
phia, the American Philosophical Society, 1957, pp. 107-231.
See general note for definition of color and nativity.
The estimates of net migration were obtained by a residual
method, using survival ratios derived from census data. The
loss through mortality during an intercensal period was esti
mated on the basis of the ratios of appropriate age groups as
enumerated in successive decennial censuses. The difference
between the enumerated population at the end of the decennial
period and the estimated survivors from the beginning to the
end of the period was assumed to be net migration. Compu
tations were by age groups for each sex, the figures presented
in series C 25-73 being summations for ages 10 years and over
at the end of each intercensal period. For the native popula
tion, the figures show the estimated amount of net internal
migration. For the foreign born, the figures represent the
estimated net change attributable to direct movement into the
State from abroad and the net gain or loss in the exchange of
foreign-born residents with other States.
C 74-79. Estimated annual movement of the farm population,
1920-1957.
Source: 1920-1954, Agricultural Marketing Service, Farm
Population, Migration to and From Farms, 19S0-1954, AMS-10,
1954; 1955-1957, Farm Population, Estimated for (specific
years), AMS-80, 1955, 1956, and 1967.
Estimates of the total farm population and of the annual
changes in its components utilize data from the censuses of
population and agriculture and the Current Population Survey
conducted by the Bureau of the Census in addition to data from
a questionnaire mailed by the Department of Agriculture to
lists of crop reporters. Estimates of the components of change
are derived from information supplied by the crop reporters
39
C 80-87 MIGRATION
and adjusted for internal consistency with available birth
and death figures and data on movements in and out of
the Armed Forces. For a history of the procedures used and
the successive revisions of the series, see Department of Agri
culture, Major Statistical Series of the U. S. Department of
Agriculture, vol. 7, Agricultural Handbook No. 118, 1957.
Farm population figures relate to the civilian population liv
ing on farms, regardless of occupation or source of income.
The determination of whether a household is located on a farm
has been made largely by the residents themselves. If the
respondent in reply to the inquiry, "Is this house on a farm
(or ranch)?" answers affirmatively, it is, in most cases, classi
fied as a farm dwelling unit and the occupants as part of the
farm population. Excluded are the following: Persons living
on farmland who rent for cash a home and yard only; persons
in summer camps, motels, and tourist camps; and persons in
institutions on farmland.
C 80-87. Mobility status and type of mobility of the civilian
population one year old and over, 1947-1957.
Source: Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports,
Series P-20, No. 82.
The civilian population was classified by mobility status on
the basis of a comparison between the place of residence of
each individual on the survey date and the place of residence
one year earlier. Persons classified as movers include all those
whose place of residence in the United States was different at
the end of the period and at the beginning of the period.
For similar information for earlier years, see Donald J.
Bogue, Henry S. Shryock, Jr., and Siegried A. Hoermann, "Sub-
regional Migration in the United States, 1935-40," vol. 1,
Streams of Migration Between Subregions, Miami, Ohio,
Scripps Foundation Studies in Population Distribution, No. 5,
1957.
40
INTERNAL MIGRATION C 1-24
Series C 1-14. Native Population, by Residence Within or Outside State, Division, and Region of Birth, by Color:
1850 to 1950
Nativepopulation
Bora in Stateof residence
Number Percent
Born in other States
Contiguous to Stateof residence
Number Percent
Noncontiguous toState of residence
Number Percent
Bornin outlying
Bornabroador at
Stateof birth
notreported
10
Born in divisionof residence
Number Percent
Bora in regionof residence
Number
13
139,868,716120.074,379108,570,897
91,789,92878,456,38065,663,299
58,372,70843,475,84032,991,142
124,382,950106,795,78295,497,800
81,108,16168,386.41256,695,379
45.862,02336,843.29128,095,665
23,363,38517,772,270
15,485,76613,278,64713,078.097
10,681,76710,069.9689,057,920
7,510,6806,632,5494,895,477
102,788,38592,609,75482,677,619
71,071,01861,185,30551,901,722
41,872,66633,882,73425,821,340
91,984,03582,533.80572,821,481
62,624,78952,806.09144,278,021
35,524,28728,310,08121,355,242
17,527,06913,624,902
10,804,35010,075,9499,856,188
8,546,2248,379,2147,623,701
6,348,3696,572,6538,966,098
73.577.176 2
77.478.079.0
78.577.976.8
74.077.876.2
77.177.278.2
77.576.876.0
75.176.7
69.875.975.4
80.083.284.2
84.584.081.0
14,589.03512,583,48212,200,290
9,741,7817,969,8606,808,976
4,628.7684,083,0043 , 182 , 563
13,195,21511,298,72810.824,966
8,675 4167,018,3315,534,957
4,064,1218,676.8402,779,526
2,529,4942,105,724
1,393,8201,284,7591.875,824
1,066,365941,529774,018
564,647506.664403,037
10.4 20,695,18510.5 14,322,50411.2 18,187,810
10.610.19.6
8.79.49.6
10.610.611.3
10.710.89.8
8.99.79.9
10.811.9
9.09.710.5
10.09.38.5
7.67.68.2
10,582,6698,950,2547,192,070
6,464.2965,509,7604.474,757
17,629,44512,492,81711,452,788
9,521,4208,245,8726,562,833
5,926,7224,956,5963,951,487
3,242,1902,006,033
3,065,7401,829,6871,735,022
1,011,249704,382629,237
537,678558,164523,270
14 811.912 1
11.511 411.0
12.112.713.6
14.211.712.0
11.712.011.6
12.913.514 1
18.911.3
19.818.813.3
9.57.06.9
7.28.310.7
329,970156,966136,032
88,0207,3652,923
8225151
289,43599 , 17071 , 582
26,4766,4132,563
2795038
40,53557,78664,450
11,544952360
431
13
96.355122,169180,677
92.86367,91167,151
10,010291169
88,065117,933125,060
88,83864,35663.366
9,543224160
2,618
8,2904,2366,617
4,0253,5558,786
467679
1,369,785279,514238,469
313,582285.685180,458
896,652
"i2;262
1,196,755253,284201,923
271,222245.349158,639
837,071
52,01436,611
173,03026,23036,546
42,36040,38626,819
69,581
113,477,915101,694,39691,382,402
77,906,51566,746,37956,248,496
45,022,60036,582,39027,363,803
101,491,05090,586,58680,492,581
68,601,74057,708,55948,102,508
38,315,18880,681,197
9,212 | 23,130,521
3,050
18,969,88014,707,719
11,986,86511.107,81010,889,821
9,304,7759,042,8208,145,988
6,707,4625,901,1934,233,282
81.184.784.2
84.985.185.7
84.484.182.9
81.684.884.3
84.684.4
85.0
83.583.382.3
81.282.8
77.488.783.3
87.189.889.9
89.389.086.5
119,490,510106,734,90796,447,180
82,308,49070,864,30460,025,002
48,398,17539.530,26629,684,393
107,061,70595,225,87085,075,201
72,563,23561,361,08751,407,811
41,227,68233,126,94924.914,093
20,481,08915,765,010
12,428,80511,509,53711,871,979
9,745,2559,503,2178,617,191
7,170,4986,403,3174,720,300
1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses.1 Based on 20-percent sample of persons enumerated.1 Excludes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations, specially enumer
ated in 1890, with a native population of 117,368distributed by State of birth.
« Free colored included with white.
white, and 208,083 nonwhite, not
Series C 15-24. Native Population Born in Each Division, by Division of Residence, by Color: 1850 to 1950
[Excludes persons bora outside continental U. S. and persons for whom State of birth was not reported]
Division of residence
Color, 1 census year,and division of
birth
TotalNew
EnglandMiddleAtlantic
East NorthCentral
West NorthCentral
SouthAtlantic
East South
CentralWest South
CentralMountain Pacific
IS M 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1950 ■ 122,808,695 7,765,220 23,667,206 26,038,680 12,848,660 15,490,860 8,652,720 11,564,885 4,543,490 12,236,975
Middle Atlantic.8,123,805
26,133,81526,253,59015.804,72014,808,61510,389,29012,022,2653,946,6256,326,970
7,040,420456,51090,55540,08066,92519,56518,83011,21021,135
445,57021,967,896
434,780142,146434,56082,35069,43534,89055,580
130,600883,576
22,344,070925,255461,356908,915223 , 55079,26582,095
31,000119,430801,785
11,186,855
185,885800,850498,185180,270
12,976,715613,630141,43536,69057,200
16,24561,425
35,245124.225292,995532,565174,420523,035
9,699,47098,40084,580
30,675113,220314,300697,65063,96575,205
357,4202,721,865
169,290
208,265606,685
East North Central 208,91066,485
1,268,010
South Atlantic 70,870132,160314,875109,840
326,7557,795,585
2,083,415233,550238,855East South Central
West South Central 150,35010,84516,120
1,047,400842,620Mountain
Paciac ._ 82,845 5,768,175
1940_ 106,325,345 6.788,754 21,562,277 22,892,971 12,296,354 12,766,703 7,936,741 10,255,758 3.698,071 8,127,716
New England- 7,091,60822,321,59328,255,75214,401,18212,601,815
6,292,313340,90162,29425,60935,0119,2687,1896,4319,748
410,90720,113,804
393,318120,901360,02159,16143,26826,56234,845
101,637765,363
20,031,073818,929314,513616,381142,11959,65943,297
25,600123,076896,605
10,705,594
91,016440,461301,011102,722
11,290,451432,33069,67118,44520,597
6,95230,373155,71145,398
246,3717,386,524
106,0505,5194,843
12,77664,963
238,290516,685135,018531,150
8,669,70861,36925,809
16,80366,229
242,314633,44039,43969,299
270,4842,271,873
98,190
133,606376,424935,186
Middle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North Central 1,481,854
126,628155,225539,941558,662
South Atlantic 64,368133,904237,853
East South Central 9,333,22210,085,288West South Central
p °fl"'aln 3,089,040 85,5304,146,900 33,825 3,875,246
1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses. 1 Based on 20-percent sample of persons enumerated.
41
C 15-24 MIGRATION
Series C 15-24. Native Population Born in Each Division, by Division of Residence, by Color: 1850 to 1950—Con.
Division of residence
TotalNew
EnglandMiddleAtlantic
East NorthCentral
West NorthCentral
SouthAtlantic
East SouthCentral
Weit SouthCentral
Mountain Pacific
IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
95,099,236 6,204,011 19,780,421 20,990,462 11,778,688 11,025,521 7,158,480 8,906,478 2,999,731 •,256,443
6,636,69320,610,69321,523,08413,113,75411.319,7208,531,7888,039,5442,817,0798,107,936
5,752,888321,69853,80221,88629,3267,8156,4016,0907,610
392.10218,427.461
362,859106 , 542863,78152,20984,71622,78428,567
114,311884,310
18,167,867760,889322,548596,959101,48153,88038,267
36,849179,284
1,102,1649,918.618
72,008153,991202,16482,60881,062
65,025314,394229,64568 , 103
9,956,907826,86744,63810,88410,568
6,08427.582151.94289,461
271,6076,563,867
90 . 1204,2198,648
12,82569,246
278,638558,788166,797686,688
7,117,59147,83119,684
19,82978,751
275,416562,86042.09661,895179,510
1,699,81480,061
135,780858,072901,717
1,077,607105,700138,507263,973
890,619
2,888,568
80.721.626 5,420.554 16,651,261 17,641,695 10,798,760 9,311,926 6,286,445 7,615,242 2,730,830 4,2*4,922
5,613,38717,754.22118,836,60311,077,9689,605,5987,445,5806,358,2001,785,1082,244,970
6,008,487805,88448,07917,25924,1116,8164,5624,9976,860
251,86115,714,467
103,025746,504
15,606,106462,886282,580877,38853,30532,94827,054
58,349252,854
1,292,5338,699,489
90,706179,126141,21662,65627,321
49,486264,186179,16950,549
8,487,281234,25980,9007,7148,482
5,80827,484136,43132,428
222,8445,791,383
64,0803,8002,742
18,68074,672306,676584,721180,365663,654
5,791,88934,62115,114
26,80499,028
819,171529,09045,17968,268
133,9561,442,878
72,456
107,442270,192674,905879 , 16876,85594,661117,070180,824
2,064.810
273,68872.434
246,67236 , 07621.27215,16520,181
68,070,294 4,641,157 14,003,037 14,791,593 9,682,760 7,765,765 5,667,676 6,344.580 2,063.208 3,120.528
4,867,37615,123,71516,287,6679,210,1848,273,2196.631,8414,909,8001.206,5251,559,967
4,805,759247,99937,81418,46319,3474,4618.8798,8764,669
215,88813,264.960
97,016652,982
13,289,961323,844167,764250,98827,21817,63814,287
73,181837,132
1.411.3047,410.166
109.871196.66191,45936.20617,380
28.394191.251111,40822,494
7,244,553145.35215,1888,4178,718
5,22126,602129,22726,257
220,8045,198.232
48,2752,0551,603
11,02460.485
309,955484,944204,627686,821
4,563,48915,9637,872
80.999110,309291.918878,85942.17462,95684.119
1,024,87647,608
99,994231,995544,997601,76163,56172,72062,84991,078
1,461,578
211,08848,916
201,61824,20513,32911,41611,667
66,375,811 4,063,336 11,764,269 13,037,883 8,501,171 6,487,097 4,947,654 4,494,019 1,281,152 1,799,231
4,304,08812,994,77813,990,4077,211,3627,028,2995,696,1813,330,565
765,0781,055,053 1
8,782,347213,81881,06611,81614,2063,1111,8881,7168,868
176,52911,208,866
162,94533,876152,68016,1057,9604,6487,775
117,476725,710
11,589,208267,723164,152195,98618,7459,2809,604
95,473410,180
1,424,5636,142,945
125,802209,59558.75421,89612,613
21,464152.66883.30015,280
6,105,30995,8929,8771,4461,911
4,97224,477119,43222,891
221,9124,515,686
36,961823
1,000
7,98139,005192,025305,129197,884597,479
8,148,7866,4014,829
27,65888,623180,312190,40224.68826,40728.208
685,85629,648
71 , 189136,981267,657222,85081,71636,92024,89684,117
984 , 505
45,515,130 3,498,667 9,620,623 10,679,859 7,053,073 5,376,140 4,186,475 2,937,889 856,949 1,305,555
8,869,02211,026,90111,459,7375,088,6355,988,9604,794,6662,138.369
452,657701,283
3,808,754149,62018,5886,5659,9272,0261,275756
2,166
157,9629,222,526
95,47716.549
107,5649,6976,1671,6644,027
141,909769,746
9,280,356137,664159,824171,75711,1258,1554,328
126,561507,162
1.464,6054,511,678
151,969238,20836,26010,0266,705
21 ,469115,88367,9498,284
6,101,96962,4606,446
6281,167
5,80224.66494,52114,461
282,1078,790.050
23,931841698
7,05829,588112,084121.395177,366466.533
2,019,6702,0742,221
28,96684,419138,062118,72220,09520.57215,988
417,64717,478
70,641123,293198,196154,22728,15933,46318,60716,472
662 , 598
36,843,017 3,177,460 8,287,904 9,098,915 4,950,250 4,483,127 3,5*3,017 2. 067,174 468,(78 746.492
8.614,3469,693,7449.062.8088,117,7145,169,0154,077,2161,410,432265,689482,064
3,031,308116,49912,8063,1768.6181,7261,016
7111,601
176,3667,921,093
78,77711,06590,5807,2694.2191,0962.499
178,124899,051
7,521,118101,161192,311192,3989.4941.9413,317
123,105479,473
1,126,3612,801,794
149 , 700282,78528,0234,9254,084
17,645103,76442.5334,861
4,256,66352,7044,638889686
4,88621,76867,86511,615
272,4983,164,256
19.693177369
6,64623 . 52069,34778,285
168,108890.416
1,828,5211,0881,254
21,16961,84862,70948,79012,17012,5576,920
248,80710,208
66,19876,78886,29262,67718,42223,1068,9187,110
408 , 137
28.086,255 2,807,945 6,788,821 7,325,414 3,038,216 3,469,244 2,835,457 1,1*1,542 224,834 434,783
8,270,6268,065,8696,550.8051.684,5444.206.1788,165,831
765,053153,772228.577
2,704.88283.5378.4631.6216,4971.20678066
948
180,7796,479,738
48,589
6,08165,615
4,9202.651
1381.466
212,928967,899
6,625,54262,386
280,689214,814
7,885432
2,839
97,087839,888704,106
1,624,350138,450210,64520,0052,1692,016
14,70884,22519,4072,051
8,808,46287,4422,591
52306
5,55223,25948,4698,851
318,9062,420,279
14,86566
212
4,41813.22324.89333,449123,369258.888707,821
169827
9,18120,53820,63111,6445,0824,7661,487
147,7713,789
41,09164,07250,70586,16114,26917,8767,0182,920
211.681
23.298,763 2,663,062 5,898,979 5,715,966 1.702,245 3, 358, 465 2,538,909 984,85* 150,11* 286,166
3,144,6986,944.0424,562,911
848,6924.264,7492,781,432
550,043100,739101,647
2,684,26264,6185,057662
6,777797622
212,2185,682,854
29,662
1,96666,971
3,0611,648
224,230946,080
4,044,32927,496
266,669202,798
4,322
67,324184,972858,725756,018125,982210,990
7,759
12,21868.45210.446
9168,236,171
28,9321,280
7,26924,02032,2485,842
411,9192,048,662
8,887
6,93016,66124,03823,459133,672268,132518,799
6.00610,84817,0537,1888.0464,806
960100,789
480
86,14647,18741,86426,16714,64218,7645,926
W 477(,) ann600 %1
W 475 W 62 W 16698.050
Color, 1 census year,and division of
birth
WHITE—Con.
1930.
New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North Central
South AtlanticEast South CentralWest South CentralMountain
Pacific
1920
New England
Middle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central..West South Central..MountainPacific
1910
New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central..West South Central.MountainPacific
1900.
New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North Central. . .South AtlanticEast South CentralWest South Central. . .MountainPacific
1890 >.
New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North CentralSouth AtlanticEast South CentralWest South CentralMountainPacific
1880.
New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central -South AtlanticEast South Central..West South Central.
MountainPacific.
1870
New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central.West South IMountain.Pacific
I8601
New England
Middle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central . .West South Central . .
1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses.1 Excludes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations, specially enumer
ated In 1890, with a native population of 117,368 white and 208,088 nonwhite, notof birth.
< Includes free colored.• Not i
42
INTERNAL MIGRATION C 15-24
Series C 15-24. Native Population Born in Each Division, by Division of Residence, by Color: 1850 to 1950—Con.
Division of residence
Color, 1 census year,and division of
birth
TotalNew
EnglandMiddleAtlantic
East NorthCentral
West NorthCentral
SouthAtlantic
East SouthCentral
West SouthCentral
Mountain Pacific
white—Con.
16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1850'. 17.7S6.6S9 2,423,178 4.884,300 3.965,269 695.231 2,907,947 2,207.677 603,295 68.484 81,278
New England 2,821.823 2,867,932 237,867 171,172 9.404 11,074 5,922 5,622 1,131 12.299Middle Atlantic 6,483,951 46,635 4,666,496 725,066 39,123 55,210 19,778 12,656 2,286 16,712East North Central 2,757,356 2,410 16.349 2,582,600 96,708 7,048 21,821 14,616 2,611 13,293West North Central 378,500 181 568 12,794 334,662 495 2,951 11,619 1,841 8,889South Atlantic 8.764,808 5,100 60.784 286.195 80,838 2,811,806 446,891 65,489 482 8,274East South Central. 2,179,505 507 1,840 184,634 181,053 21,951 1,706,017 123,282 823 10,898West South Central.. 286,016 878 934 2,812 3,435 858 5,796 270,104 88 1,611
59,802 (*) (') (') (') (') (») (') 59,802 (')Pacific 9.898 35 13 6 8 6 1 7 20 9.802
NONWHITE
1950 >._ 15,263,910 136,825 1,771,205 1,799,890 469,245 5,068,460 2,687,045 2,473,610 214,980 642,650
New England 95,105 74,260 11,345 2,246 850 8,780 410 516 270 1,930Middle Atlantic. 884,085 6,990 798,465 20,225 1,676 41,660 8,180 8,280 1,175 7,435East North Central 754,760 1,605 19,745 676,230 11,170 13,040 11,310 5,920 1,915 14,826West North Central 862,865 790 6,165 46,560 268,130 3.660 3,420 7,880 6,980 21,880South Atlantic 6,125,050 48,895 810,915 269,290 8,740 4,882,210 60,780 18,125 2,960 28,105East South Central 3,634,040 5,780 91,980 604,445 89,670 104,760 2,569,960 108,770 6,020 62,716West South Central 2,964.750 2,675 25,166 169.690 85,170 15.966 86,775 2,828,880 32,520 263,610Mountain 183,680 145 1,426 2,520 2,150 1,015 365 1,800 158,365 15,916Pacific _ 269.575 835 5,970 10,685 2,190 2,370 865 3,990 6,786 236,886
1M0 13,190,395 95,035 1,208,567 1.084.123 401,916 4,706,493 2,779.679 2,489,075 ltt,606 261,901
New England. 72.448 58,883 9,094 1,190 142 2,143 228 150 58 560Middle Atlantic 571,445 4,352 526 , 569 12.397 945 22,910 1,084 779 324 2,085East North Central 469.788 762 13,421 420,714 9,676 8,114 7,444 3,391 1,111 5,155West North Central 304,282 275 8,971 81,247 240,766 1,918 2,635 8,471 4.988 10,066South Atlantic 6,484,716 27,275 585,734 188,711 8,788 4,679,081 62,448 19,870 1,753 11,611East South Central.. 3,359,873 2,016 50,942 340.816 74,444 82.612 2,664,877 125.376 4,086 14,854West South Central 2,616,711 785 18,731 85,882 64.924 8,126 40,421 2,829,478 17,186 56,278Mountain 144,576 69 798 1,367 1,610 696 240 1,151 131,955 6,805Pacific 167,556 668 4,312 1,809 676 1.098 302 909 2,800 155,487
1930 12,966,484 85,473 980.056 957,610 394,534 4,421.188 2,655,398 2,797,906 298.651 375.668
New England 60,784 47,909 8,643 1,308 191 1,964 162 166 83 468Middle Atlantic... 405,404 4,880 865.212 12,886 1,046 17,792 1,109 917 405 1,657East North Central.- 355,312 617 11.840 807,789 10,799 6,950 7,622 4,144 1,366 4,286West North Central - 296,827 243 3.229 38,085 229,087 1.531 2,675 11,592 5,841 8,644South Atlantic- 5,215,766 29,024 581,014 197,586 11,887 4,816,289 85,900 31,498 2.444 10,674Eaat South Central 3,197,521 1,779 45,220 321.450 74,938 68,994 2,515,818 153,257 4,486 11,584West South Central 2,865,964 574 11,050 79,125 62,438 6.528 41,697 2,588,627 20.299 45,616Mountain - 303,676 73 783 2,162 8,782 868 219 5,937 268,801 82,061Pacific... 276,240 874 8,165 2,219 921 772 806 11768 5.426 260,789
1920 10,623,838 68,704 562,963 522,270 311,204 4.815,975 2,616,980 2,110,266 105.663 109,913
New England.. 46.726 86,756 6,356 1,023 292 2,051 848 463 152 300Middle Atlantic. 265,307 4,316 235.108 8,694 1.178 13,020 788 706 689 965East North Central 225,587 501 6.458 190,121 10,680 4,709 5,336 3,390 1,686 2,706West North Central 242,757 220 2,089 20,419 194,448 2,098 2,721 10,710 5,407 4,660South Atlantic 4,771,502 24,251 280,607 86,850 12,187 4,281,573 76,086 47,528 5,097 7,373East South Central.. 2,923.262 1,423 25,506 190.571 58.241 56,648 2,899,065 178,676 6,134 6,998West South Central 1,981,385 871 5,096 22,118 81,599 4,588 82.076 1,867,040 6,868 11,629
85,876 85 598 840 2.020 472 331 951 77,728 2,366Pacific 81,986 782 2,150 1,734 659 821 289 813 1,802 72,986
1910.. 10,025,126 60.931 407,348 •11,737 278,717 4,103,893 2.646.426 2.048,401 96.408 72,264
New England 39,839 32,693 3,944 598 265 1,414 185 344 133 268Middle Atlantic 219,187 4,018 196,486 6,117 1,178 9,186 966 989 416 782East North Central 192,088 406 4,471 162,724 9,180 3,160 5,131 3,718 1.897 1,902West North Central 288,996 211 1,294 13,386 198,839 1,138 8,076 12,660 5,225 8,167South Atlantic 4,497,605 21,394 191,612 35,299 12,666 4.048,161 108,768 71,118 2.700 6,902East South Central 2,849,182 967 5,787 88,363 40,006 87,547 2,494,110 178,681 4,361 4.610West South Central 1,848,608 286 1,448 5,011 14,084 2,203 33.650 1,788,963 3,863 4,651Mountain 82,771 64 581 281 2,145 462 320 1,416 76,180 1,373Pacific « 56,899 894 1,725 958 414 622 225 663 1,684 49,714
1900 9,026,956 56,174 325,698 267,124 276,104 3,723,920 2,496,880 1,750,800 80.817 49,939
New England 34,186 28,948 2,808 625 206 1,002 186 186 120 160464Middle Atlantic 183,339 3,999 166,691 4,070 947 5,640 520 676 382
East North Central 170,049 346 8.494 148,199 7,282 2,002 4,267 2,805 978 726West North Central 287,297 122 762 10,828 208,858 507 3,032 12,603 4.182 1,413South Atlantic 4,133,276 21,417 145.657 80,787 14,088 3,684,080 134.831 96,632 2.772 8,162East South Central 2,628,985 638 4,066 68.777 38,282 28.514 2.827,272 166,214 8.327 1,900West South Central 1,524,820 241 1,052 3,405 8,624 1,790 26,633 1,480,511 1.317 1,247Mountain 70,780 27 335 152 2.741 77 70 868 66.036 474Pacific 44,224 441 948 281 176 308 119 305 1,253 40,393
1890 ■ 7,450,589 42,248 219,834 210,343 225,426 3,249,641 2,106.538 1,342,049 26.286 29,324
New England 28,981 24,677 2,201 468 216 786 142 242 102 197Middle Atlantic 150,606 3,438 136,516 3,555 1,051 3,738 606 666 389 548East North Central 186,704 142 1,483 121,167 6,422 1,292 2,752 2,027 915 604West North Central - . - 178,589 56 669 6,448 157,506 872 2,766 7,100 2,741 1,032South Atlantic 8,627,912 18,252 76,277 27,938 15,723 3,228.865 148,595 116,874 2,700 2,688East South Central 2,183,937 822 1,639 48,570 37,128 18,188 1,932,764 141,602 2,865 1,369West South Central 1,108,866 274 663 2,069 7,086 1,100 17,493 1,078,379 790 1,022Mountain 17,177 11 284 47 225 29 364 85 16,878 269
22,918 76 202 91 69 221 58 76 411 21,715
1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses. enumerated in 1890, with a native population of 117,368 white and 208,083 nonwhite,1 Based on 20-percent sample of persons enumerated. not distributed by State of birth.
» Excludes the population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations, specially * Includes free colored.
1 Not available.
43
C 15-58 MIGRATION
Series C 15-24. Native Population Born in Each Division, by Division of Residence, by Color: 1850 to 1950—Con.
Division of residence
Color, 1 census year,and division of
birth
TotalNew
EnglandMiddleAtlantic
East NorthCentral
West NorthCentral
SouthAtlantic
East SouthCentral
West SouthCentral
Mountain Pacific
nonwhitb—Con.
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1880 6,632,481 39,430 188,000 191,082 206,963 2,939,779 1,926,935 1,087,916 23,548 28,828
New England 29,078 25,077 1,843 466 210 648 235 399 41 159
Middle Atlantic 149.988 3,309 136,808 3,445 900 3,061 995 895 155 420
East North Central 116,353 150 739 105,676 3,728 1,236 2,753 1,641 233 197West North Central - 159,284 29 147 6,194 141,665 180 2,981 6,742 1,005 341South Atlantic 3,340,699 10,369 46,950 30,110 16,439 2,917,316 197.100 120,570 729 1,116East South Central 1,942,781 288 963 43,205 35,325 16,183 1,708,900 136,846 657 414
West South Central- 847,230 167 419 1,902 8,583 1,073 13,918 820,685 220 263
19,932 24 80 52 78 37 19 100 19,345 197
Pacific 27,136 17 51 32 35 45 34 38 1,163 25,721
1870 4,892,405 30,847 146.581 134,896 145,086 2,216,892 1,463,794 738,385 3,456 12,468
New England-- _ 22.477 19,514 1,426 405 135 345 155 236 43 218Middle Atlantic. 120,810 2,904 110,845 2,941 664 1,786 444 611 113 502
East North Central 67,523 100 430 62,667 2,220 375 857 718 69 87
West North Central 117,168 31 78 4,817 101,335 159 3,096 7,011 296 345
South Atlantic 2,622,615 7,873 32,620 27,869 15,027 2,201,827 210,996 124,766 384 1,253East South Central 1,426,109 244 828 34,648 21,324 11,437 1,238,885 118,026 295 422West South Central 504,139 167 328 1,512 4,306 940 9,345 486,997 352 192Mountain- 1,952 2 8 9 59 4 3 9 1.813 50
Pacific 9,612 12 28 28 16 19 13 11 91 9,399
1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other
Series C 25-73. Estimated Net Intercensal Migration of Total, Native White, Foreign-Born White, and Negro
Population Surviving From the Preceding Census Date, by States: 1870 to 1950
[In thousands]
State1940 to 1930 to 1920 to 191(1 to 1900 to 1890 to 1880 to 1870 to
No.
TOTAL POPULATION >
1950 1940 1930 1920 1910 1900 1890 1880
NM.^"d:.._25 -85.8 -1.2 -39 8 -8 8 10 6 4 1 -15.9 -88.826 -9.1 9.1 -10 2 -3 6 8 2 20 4 20.7 10.127 -23.8 -18.7 -20 6 -17 6 -3 7 -2 4 -18.3 -26.228 -29.5 -69.5 22 1 192 2 307 8 334 9 295.7 140.229 2.7 -2 3 11 4 12 8 66 1 45 9 42.5 27.930 89.5 39.2 64 1 122 1 112 7 90 8 72.9 22.4
Middle Atlantic:31 New York 83.8 396.3 1,062 1 467 4 1,061 0 604 8 395 4 61.732 New Jersey 200.7 -28 2 442 3 278 2 376 1 218 3 151.3 48.433 -447.2 -301 0 -262 9 51 9 444 6 262 0 285.1 19.1
East North Central:34 Ohio 161.6 -56.6 214 7 499 4 207 7 77 7 41.9 -12.935 Indiana 56.7 10.6 -0 9 16 0 -54 4 33 4 -86.7 -70.236 Illinois -22.1 -60.8 414 0 255 6 223 0 340 (1 170.3 -59.037 251.4 17.1 649 6 465 2 117 2 62 0 172.3 161.4-38 -95.1 -10.9 -17 9 37 6 9 2 84 3 100 8 9.0
West South Central:39 Minnesota -160.9 36.0 -106 2 59 1 72 6 148 4 264.1 156.240 Iowa -178.8 -73.4 -167 2 -18 3 -207 5 21 7 -5.6 85.141 Missouri -168.6 -20.8 -98 7 -134 7 -163 8 -17 2 56 4 -30.442 North Dakota -109.4 -106.8 -76 3 -46 0 137 3 63 8 I OAQ A43 -71.2 -101.4 -45 0 -31 2 86 9 0 3
} *54o . 4 oO . o
44 -123.0 -139.5 -78 1 -34 5 -28 8 -153 9 362.5 204.44S -86.8 -163.8 -88 1 -74 5 20 0 -149 8 159.7 366.8
South Atlantic:46 Delaware 14.5 16.0 -3 5 5 1 2 7 -1 2 4.3 -2.847 Maryland 213.3 87.0 10 2 43 1 -8 3 8 2 -10.7 -11.248 District of Columbia 78.5 157.8 27 1 97 0 41 0 34 3 36.1 18.149 Virginia 152.0 0.2 -231 6 -27 7 -73 7 -91 5 -80.9 -61.1SO West Virginia -210.8 -73.6 -53 8 -1 7 46 1 17 2 - 4.8 24.051 -202.8 -85.4 -7 9 -74 3 -80 4 -88 8 -57.7 -14.452 South Carolina -172.4 -102.5 -256 9 -80 9 -80 6 -75 E -85.9 25.753 Georgia -224.3 -134.1 -414 9 -98 1 -41 7 -66 1 -19.6 -40.054 Florida 510.9 280.3 297 6 101 6 103 5 36 9 61.1 12.1
East South Central:66 Kentucky -319.2 -98.5 -206 1 -167 1 -177 8 -65 1 -96.8 -47.256 Tennessee -102.8 -14.9 -118 8 -131 2 -156 9 -95 4 -77.7 -91.867 -271.0 -165.8 -149 2 -113 9 -47 8 -40 4 -11.5 -60.7
68 Mississippi -349.9 -90.3 -101 6 -199 3 -46 4 -44 6 -60.6 -5.6
1 For 1870-1890, only white population for the 11 Western States; no estimates made for Negroes.
44
INTERNAL MIGRATION C 59-73
Series C 25-73. Estimated Net Intercensal Migration of Total, Native White, Foreign-Born White, and Negro
Population Surviving From the Preceding Census Date, by States: 1870 to 1950—Con.
fin thousands]
SeriesNo.
State1940 to1950
1930 to1940
1920 to1930
1910 to1920
1900 to1910
1890 to1900
1880 to1890
1870 to1880
West South Central:
TOTAL POPULATION 1 Con.
59 -320 4 -128.8 -191.8 -74.7 -27.2 -82.8 76.1 84.060 -112.1 5.7 -23.2 -64.7 10 6 1.4 -8.0 -12.061 -856.1 -269.4 -51.8 62.4 491.5 501.3 44.5 (■)
62 Texas 132.9 -72.8 248 5 114.8 131.1 147.7 161 2 308.5
Mountain:63 Montana -42.2 -19.3 -72.9 90.1 86 5 63.5 70.6 12.164 Idaho -29.6 20.5 -50.6 37.8 104.1 39.8 84.2 11.765 Wyoming -4.6 -0.1 -12 20.7 33 3 15.6 28.7 7.266 Colorado 32.4 1.0 -16.6 39.8 169.8 51.9 146.8 119.167 New Mexico 9.8 18.6 -22 9 -20.2 68.1 1.2 6.4 -3 368 Arizona 117.4 -3.6 23.5 75.4 50.7 21.4 10.9 19.869 Utah 6.4 -80.5 -80.8 -0.2 24.9 8.9 17.9 16.770 28.8 12.6 6.9 -6.4 32.9 -6.1 -16.6 6 6
Pacific:71 Washington - - 351. S 109 2 81.6 97.6 464.7 80.4 205.4 28.772 Oregon 244.0 94 1 96.5 56.0 189.9 43 0 85.9 39.07S California 2,399.1 974.6 1,695.2 804.1 694 1 172.7 214.2 129.6
New England:
NATIVE WHITE POPULATION
26 Maine. -41.6 -2.2 -46.6 -22.7 -18.4 -20.6 -40.8 -46.626 -12.6 8.3 -14.4 -12.8 -16.7 -2.6 -7.1 -7.127 -25.8 -14.6 -25.2 -19.7 -17.2 -10.9 -21.9 -24 728 -73.8 -45.6 -101.7 -6.0 -28.3 46.9 81 9 18.529 -0.2 0.8 -8.7 -10.5 5.1 3.8 2.4 4.1SO 49.0 80.2 6.4 18.7 -10.9 6.4 2.8 -6.6
Middle Atlantic:31 -270.8 140.3 138.1 -76.5 -74.9 -18.6 -146.4 -167.432 88.6 -18.8 179.8 72.0 71.4 46.3 9.4 -8.933 -531.3 -260.9 -380.2 -199.4 -178.1 -60.2 -70.0 -105.2
East North Central:34 Ohio 28.5 -68.6 58.2 233.4 -40.4 -29 6 -96.7 -92.835 15.0 7.1 -43.8 -88.1 -111.9 -7.6 -120 4 -101.236 -202.9 -58.7 80.8 -36.2 -198.9 44.0 -170.7 -192.537 61.7 18.1 239.9 181.5 -86.9 -26.8 -19 7 26.838 -110.8 -10.0 -53.2 -87.8 -103.8 -25.7 -76.6 -78.8
West North Central:39 Minnesota -163.1 27.1 -118.6 -1.2 -61.4 25.9 37.2 38.240 Iowa -180.9 -70.5 -164.0 -45.9 -249.1 -29.9 -108.2 2.741 Missouri -197.4 -36.8 -141.4 -173.7 -228 . 1 -50.0 2.4 -48.242 North Dakota -103.6 -99.1 -72.8 -46.3 81.8 20.4 I „„43 South Dakota -71.8 -96.8 -46.1 -33.7 59.6 -26.5 j 126 . 0
43 . 5
44 -125.9 -135.5 -81.1 -58.2 -62.4 -159.2 244.3 139.245 -90.1 -156.2 -84.6 -86.9 -18.2 -156.6 106.3 290.1
South Atlantic:46 Delaware 11.2 12.8 -8.8 0.8 -8.0 -8.7 -1.1 -2.«47 Maryland 167.6 72.2 -4.5 16.8 -26 9 -5.8 -29 4 -16.148 6.7 101.2 5.5 69.3 22.2 20.1 18 1 8.649 169.1 83.7 -111.7 -9.5 -85.6 -25.8 -83.6 -16.550 -193.0 -66.7 -62.7 -29.3 -6.2 3.6 -12 3 18.161 -81.6 -27.1 6.2 -47.7 -54.4 -41.7 -19.8 -7.652 -15.7 -8.7 -62.4 -8.0 -10.6 -10.8 -17.6 9.153 -88.2 -44.2 -155.1 -27.4 -30.8 -81.4 -85. K -20.854 488.7 208.4 221.1 84.5 46.6 10.1 24.8 7.8
East South Central:55 -299 . 1 -88.8 -188.4 -153.1 -169.9 -68.9 -85.6 -89.656 -68.6 -24.4 -100.6 -103.2 -127.8 -76.7 -64.9 -67.057 -108.6 -101.0 -69.7 -45.8 -82.8 -41.1 -12.1 -25.958 -94.8 -82.0 -33.8 -70.8 -19.0 -35.8 -47.7 -22.7
West South Central:5* -207 . 1 -95.6 -144.4 -74.4 -55.2 -77.6 26.3 58.060 -4.7 15.8 2.9 -17.8 15.8 9.2 -12.2 -11.861 Oklahoma -819.5 -253.4 -51.2 54.5 414.2 404.3 39.6 (•)62 134.4 -1.7 197.5 -28.4 60.6 95.6 90.9 233.9
Mountain :63 -41.9 -14.8 -66.9 76.4 51.0 87.1 89.8 8.264 -80.7 20.8 -49.5 31.5 81.9 31.0 24.6 8.665 -5.6 2.2 -1.8 19.9 19.8 11.7 19.1 5 666 21.1 7.4 -17.6 29.2 108.8 83.1 101.1 86.767 8.8 22.5 -17.2 -82 0 62.7 -2.3 2.7 -5.968 97.6 12.4 31.8 39.9 25.7 15.1 7.2 11.769 1.0 -27.6 -81.5 -7.6 2.8 -2.5 2.7 0.670 24.2 13.8 6.1 -6.1 21.6 -8.9 -10.0 0.8
Pacific:71 303.9 100.3 49.2 51.9 311.4 64.0 188 2 20.872 222.9 90.4 74.3 38.2 182.0 29.2 67.4 25.773
FOREIGN-BORN WHITE POPULATION
1,874.7 899.5 1,244.5 637.7 425.2 96.8 109.6 56.0
New England:25 6.9 0.8 7.5 14.8 28.9 24 4 25.0 13.426 3.8 1.0 4.0 9.2 18.9 22.7 27.9 17.127 2.0 -4.0 4.7 3.0 12.7 8.6 8.6 -1.42829
83.6 -26.6 120.9 191.8 824.8 278.0 259 3 123.7
301.7 -3.6 21.0 22.7 60.8 41.1 88.9 22.9
27.5 6.8 52.5 98.1 123.2 82.9 69.0 28.1
1 For 1870-1890, only white population in the 11 Western States; no estimates made for Negroes. » Not available.
46
C 31-73 MIGRATION
C 25-73. Estimated Net Intercensal Migration of Total, Native White, Foreign-Born White, and Negro
Population Surviving From the Preceding Census Date, by States: 1870 to 1950—Con.
Stat.'1940 to1950
1980 to1940
1920 to1980
1910 to1920
1900 to1910
1890 to1900
1880 to1890
FOREIGN-BORN WHITE POPULATION—Con.
Middle Atlantic:New YorkNew Jet
:asl North Central:OhioIndianaIllinoisMichiganWisconsin
Weit North Central:MinnesotaIowaMissouriNorth DakotaSouth DakotaNebraska
South Atlantic:DelawareMarylandDistrict of Columbia.VirginiaWest VirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth Carolina
Central:
Vest South Central:Arkansas .Louisiana
MontanaIdahoWyomingColoradoNew Mexico.ArizonaUtahNevada
Washington .
NEGRO POPULATION
Maine.New Hampshire.VermontMassachusetts - - .Rhode IslandConnecticut
Middle Atlantic:New YorkNew JerseyPennsylvania.
East North Central:OhioIndianaIllinoisMichiganWisconsin
West North Central:Minnesota
IowaMissouriNorth DakotaSouth Dak.uaNebraska
South Atlantic:DelawareMarylandDistrict of Columbia -Virginia ,
West VirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth Carolina
111.058.6-5.5
16.59.51.0
86.43.4
-0.61.18.0
-5.8-0.2-0.21.1
0.815.710.713.4-1.16.12.36.1
65 0
Georgia .Florida..
2.74.03.02.5
2.86.42.365.8
-0.50.7
-0.86.18.713.04.21.7
29.614.8
265.4
-0.10.20 110.61.2
12.9
243.653.689.6
106.732.1179.8163.811.9
2.71.0
26.70.10.28.02.3
2.429.961.2
-80.6-16.7-127.3-159.0-191.2
7.2
120.1-18.9-60.4
-18.8-6.0-51 5-29.0-1.9
7.8-2.6-8 8-6 6-4.4-4.6-7.5
0.84.19.18.4
-2.81.60.60.6
22.0
-0.71.0
-0.6-0.2
(•)
-1.1-2.9-76.1
-4.4-0.8-2.1-7.3-6.4-19.4-8.2-1.5
7.73.3
88.8
0.2-0.3-0.22.70.62.2
136.99.6
20.8
20.78.6
49.428.01.0
1.0-0.419.2-0.1-0.10.6
-0.1
2.410.747.5
-36.9-4.1-60.0-94.4-90.849.9
761.3196.025.6
65.819.8
214.4223.680.9
6.9-1.86.7
-8.41.23 0
-4.4
-0.89.75.8
-2.7-3.92.7
-0.20.2
22.4
-1.00.71.11.1
-0.6-0.6-2.436.4
-5.9-0.90.60.3
-2.7-10.2
1.01.6
32.822.1414.2
-0.20.2
(•)
2.9-0.75.2
172.867.0101.7
90.723.2119.886.14.4
0.6-1.935.9-0.1-0.2
(')6.0
0.66.0
16.0-117.2
12.8-16.7-204.8-260.0
54.2
480 9181.6168.7
196 528.8222.0245.172 7
68.128 711.80.32.613.47.0
6.819.49.39 012.12 21.64.018.9
2.71.82.20.7
0.84.37.1
187.5
14.85.61.49.97.8
29.87.1
-0.2
44.4
17.2260.3
0.1
(*)-0.96.90.66.3
63.124.682.5
69.420.369.838.72.2
2.13.9
27.2-0.1
(')6.25.4
-0.67.0
18.8-27.216.6
-28.9-74.6-74.7
3.2
1,100.2286.2589.8
282.568.4
398 3151.1112.0
131.739.463 355 227.082.085.6
6.030.09.111.387.02 82.06.4
16.2
4.44.77.03.4
6.610.922.680.8
35.221.912.847.910.424.821.6111
149.857.5
259.1
0.2
0.85.90.60.5
85.818.582.9
15.64.123.51.90.6
2.6
-0.4-11.4
9.8-49.816.8
-28.4-72.0-16.240.7
589.7154.2282 9
102.132 9
278.488.3107.0
116 550.182 888.612.77.77.4
3.120.66.66.18.01.50.72.68.4
6.00.42.41.7
2.618.817.846.0
26.48.94.018.78.66.411.4-1.1
26.413.876.4
0.30.1
-0.19.91.62.5
38.817.739.2
5.28.1
22.70.43.0
5.91.6
(')4.914.0-2.3-0.6
-0.7-6.58.7
-70.85.8
-48.7-66.5-27.823.4
532 0188 5834 3
133 429.9332.6193 2176.3
226 4102.158 1
117.4
110 960.7
5.126.24.76.24.00.60.83 810.5
11.25.96.30.8
6.15.82.747.6
80.99.69.6
45.63.68.815.2-5.7
72.228.6104.7
-0.1
4.4
1.21.1
9.98.4
20.8
5.28.98.4
-1.20.1
1.60.4
-4.0
7.82.7
0-713
-538
-88.-18.612.816.8
> Not available. i 60.
INTERNAL MIGRATION C 55-87
Series C 25-73. Estimated Net Intercensal Migration of Total, Native White, Foreign-Born White, and Negro
Population Surviving From the Preceding Census Date, by States: 1870 to 1950—Con.
[In thousands]
Serie»No.
1940 to1960
1930 to1940
1920 to1930
1910 to1920
1900 to1910
1890 to1900
1880 to1890
ss5657
6162
65666768
717273
East Sooth Central:
KentuckyTennesseeAlabama
Mississippi
West South Central:ArkansasLouisianaOklahomaTexas
Mountain:MontanaIdahoWyomingColoradoNew MexicoArizona
UtahNevada
Pacific:
WashingtonOregonCalifornia _.
-22 8-88 2-165.4-258.2
-116.1-113.8-38.9-67.2
17.86.9
258.9
-9.18.6
-68.8-68.2
-88.3-8.4-18.0
4.9
(>)(')-0.20.91.53.50.20.2
1.20.6
41.2
-16.6-14.0-80.7-68.8
-46.3-26.6199.7
-0.2-0.1-0.10.8
-2.91.9
-0.80.2
0.20.2
86.4
-16.6-29.3-70.8-129.6
-1.0-61.2
0.86.2
-0.10.8-0.60.74.16.80.4
-0.1
1.10.7
16.1
(')
-22 8-84.3-22.1-80.9
22.6-16.164.8
-10.2
0.30.31.28.1
0.20.60.4
8.40.69.8
-12.2-19.0-1.7-10.4
-7.9-21.679.37.1
-22.4-18.7-5.8-13.2
44.78.32.8
12.6
1 Not available. > Leas than 60.
Series C 74-79. Estimated Annual Movement of the Farm Population: 1920 to 1957
[In I
Farmpopulation,April 1
74
Change since preceding April
Netchange:Births
anddeaths
76
Migration 1
NetTo
farms
77
Fromfarms
78
Changethroughchange inclassification of
residence '
79
Year
Farmpopulation,April 1
Change since preceding April
Netchange:Birthsand
deaths
75
Migration 1
NetTo
farmsFromfarms
1957.1966.
1965.1964.1963-1952.1961.
1950.1949.1948-1947.1946-
1946.1944-1948-1942-1941.
1940.
20,39622,257
22,16821,89022,67924,28324,160
25,05825.95425,90327 , 12426,483
26,29626,49626,68129,23430,273
30,647
875355
369882392394404
418422465490824
364377422385359
410
-2.286-256
-91-1,171-1,996-271
-1,802
-1 314371
-1,686151864
-564-1,E6S-2,975-1,424-688
-688
469497
644675528648697
9951,1711,0161,7682,686
9161,096824822
819
2,695753
6351,8462,524
9141,899
2,3091,5422,7021,6171,721
1,4802,6583,7992,2461,329
1,402 -120
1939,1938.1987-1986.
1935-1934-1933.1982.1981.
1980.1929.1928.1927.1926.
1925.1924.1928.1922.1921.1920.
80,84030,98031,26681,787
82,16132,30532,39331,38830,845
80 , 52980 , 68030,54880,63030,979
81 , 19081,17781,49032,10932 , 12331,974
405875868875
383876398887377
426464475468491
600494518560486
-420-629-690-642
-415-482326-79-806
-477-422-457-907-702
-487-807
-1,187-664-336
823872719826
783951
1,5441,6881,740
1,6041.6981,7051,4271,336
581355115759560
1,2431,4011,4091,467
1,1981,4381,2191,7622,046
2,0812,1202,1622,3342,038
2,0682,1622,2621,323896
1 Beginning 1940, includes persons going into or returning from Armed Forces, andincludes changes through migration and in classification of residence. From 1980to 1939, excludes entrance into or withdrawal from the farm population withoutmigration. Comparability of figures for 1930-1939 with those for subsequent years
may be obtained by adding net migration figures (series C 76) to figures showing changein classification of residence (series C 79).
1 Changes resulting from cessation of or beginning of farm operations on places fromwhich residents did not move.
Series C 80-87. Mobility Status and Type of Mobility of the Civilian Population One Year Old and Over: 1947 to 1957
[In thousands]
Totalcivilian
population 1 (nonmovers) Total
Different house in the United States (movers)
Different county (migrants)
TotalWithina State States
Abroadat beginning ofperiod
April 1956 to April 1957March 1955 to March 1956April 1964 to April 1966April 1953 to April 1954April 1952 to April 1953
April 1961 to April 1952April 1950 to April 1951March 1949 to March 1960April 1948 to April 1949April 1947 to April 1948
i Population 1 year old and over st end of
164,371161,497168,609165,679158,038
160,494148,400146,864144,101141,698
131,648127,457126,190125.664121,512
120,016116,936118,849116,498113,026
81,83433,09831,49229,02730,786
29,84031,15827,62627,12728,210
21,56622 , 18621,08619,04620,688
19,87420,69419,27618,79219,202
10,26810,91210.4069,98110,148
9,96610,4648,2608,8369,008
5,1926,8595,6114,9474.626
4,8646,2764,3603,9924,638
5,0765,0534,8956,0345,622
5,1126,1883,8894,3444,870
942927998740
688306491476
47
chapter C
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION (Series C 88-283)
C 88-151. General note.
The continuous record of immigration to the United States
began in 1819, under the Act of 1819, which required the cap
tain or master of a vessel arriving from abroad to deliver to
the local collector of customs a list or manifest of all passengers
taken on board. This list was to designate the age, sex, and
occupation of each passenger, "the country to which they sev
erally belonged," and the number that had died on the voyage.
Copies of these manifests were to be transmitted to the Sec
retary of State, who reported the information periodically to
Congress. Subsequently, the Act of 1855 prescribed quarterly
reports to the Secretary of State and annual reports to Con
gress. Later acts have continued to require the collection of
such information.
Although the reporting of alien arrivals was required by the
Act of 1798, which expired two years later, the number arriv
ing before 1819 is not known. William J. Bromwell, in his
History of Immigration to the United States, 1856 (pp. 18-19),
estimated the number of passengers of foreign birth arriving
here from the close of the Revolutionary War to 1819, at
250,000. This estimate was used by the Bureau of Statistics
which later compiled the official statistics of immigration.
Immigration statistics were compiled by the Department of
State for 1820-1870; by the Treasury Department, Bureau of
Statistics, for 1867-1895; and since 1892, by a separate Office
or Bureau of Immigration, now a part of the Immigration and
Naturalization Service. For 1892-1932, the Bureau of Immi
gration issued annual reports. For 1933-1940, the data were
summarized in the Annual Report of the Secretary of Labor;
for 1941, they were issued in the Annual Report of the Attor
ney General; for 1942, no report was published; and for subse
quent years, the statistics appeared in the Annual Report of
the Immigration and Naturalization Service.
Since 1820 the official immigration data have undergone
many changes in the reporting area covered. During the first
decades only arrivals by vessel at Atlantic and Gulf ports were
reported. Arrivals at Pacific ports were first included in 1850.
During the Civil War the only Southern ports that reported
were those controlled by the Federal Government. Later the
reporting area was expanded to include arrivals at outlying
possessions. Arrivals in Alaska were first reported in 1871,
but only irregularly thereafter until 1904, after which Alaska
was regularly included among the places of entry. Arrivals in
Hawaii were first included in 1901, Puerto Rico in 1902, and
the Virgin Islands in 1942.
Counting arrivals at the land borders was not required by
the early immigration acts, and the counting of such arrivals
did not approach completeness until after 1904. For 1820-
1823, a few arrivals by land borders were included. Complete
reporting was attempted in 1855 with only partial success,
was interrupted for several years by the Civil War, and was
discontinued in 1885. Beginning in 1894, European immigrants
who arrived at Canadian ports with the declared intention of
proceeding to the United States were included in the immigra
tion statistics. Some immigration was reported at land border
stations established in 1904. More stations were opened in
the following years, but reporting of land border arrivals was
not fully established until 1908.
The statistical treatment of Canadian and Mexican immi
grants at times has differed from that of other immigrants.
When reporting of arrivals by land borders was discontinued
in 1885, regular reporting of Canadian and Mexican arrivals
by vessel was also discontinued; however, a few Canadian and
Mexican immigrants were reported in most of the following
years. Arrivals of Canadians and Mexicans by land borders
began to be reported in 1906, and reporting was fully estab
lished in 1908 under authority of the Act of 1907, which pro
vided for the inspection of Canadians and Mexicans at the
land borders.
Not all aliens entering via the Canadian and Mexican borders
are counted for inclusion in the immigration statistics. Before
1930, no count was made of residents of a year or longer of
Canada, Newfoundland, or Mexico who planned to remain in
the United States less than 6 months. For 1930-1945 the fol
lowing classes of aliens entering via the land borders were
counted and included in the statistics of immigration:
(1) Those who have not been in the United States within
6 months, who come to stay more than 6 months; (2) those
for whom straight head tax is a prerequisite to admission,
or for whom head tax is specially deposited and subsequently
converted to straight head tax account; (3) those required
by law or regulation to present an immigration visa or re
entry permit, and those who surrender either, regardless of
whether they are required by law or regulation to do so;
(4) those announcing an intention to depart via a seaport of
the United States for Hawaii or insular possessions of the
United States, or for foreign countries, except arrivals from
Canada intending to return thereto by water; and (5) those
announcing an intention to depart across the other land
boundary.
These classes were revised in 1945 so that the statistics of
arriving aliens at land border ports of entry for 1945-1952 in
cluded (1) arriving aliens who came into the United States for
30 days or more; and (2) returning alien residents who had
been out of the United States more than 6 months. Arriving
aliens who came into the United States for 29 days or less
were not counted except those certified by public health offi
cials, aliens held for a board of special inquiry, aliens excluded
and deported, and aliens in transit who announced an intention
to depart across another land boundary, or by sea.
Since 1953, all arriving aliens at land border ports of entry
are counted and included except: (1) Canadian citizens and
British subjects resident in Canada who were admitted for 6
months or less; (2) Mexican citizens who were admitted for
72 hours or less in the United States; and (3) returning
residents who had been out of the United States for more than
6 months. Beginning with February 1956, residents returning
from stays in Western Hemisphere countries of less than 6
months have not been counted. Because of changes in regula
tions in 1957, returning residents without reentry permits or
visas who have been abroad for 1 year or less are not counted.
Persons who cross the land borders for brief periods (border
crossers) are not included in the immigration and emigration
statistics, but the Immigration and Naturalization Service
publishes statistics on alien and citizen border crossers in the
Annual Report.
48
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 88-114
Arrivals in and departures from the Philippine Islands were
recorded in the port tables for 1910-1924, but were not included
in the total immigration data. For 1926-1931, such arrivals
and departures were obtained annually from the Bureau of
Insular Affairs, War Department, and published in separate
tables. The Immigration Service has no records since 1932
of arrivals in, or departures from, the Philippine Islands to
foreign countries.
Data on aliens admitted to continental United States from
insular possessions have been compiled since 1908 but are not
included in the immigration totals. Aliens admitted from
Hawaii and Puerto Rico have been reported continuously since
1908. Aliens admitted from the Philippine Islands were re
ported from 1908-1934, but since then all arrivals from and
departures to the Philippine Islands have been included with
data from other foreign countries. Aliens admitted from the
Virgin Islands have been recorded since 1917. The departure
of aliens from the mainland to Hawaii and Puerto Rico was
first recorded in 1918. Records are available since 1918 of
aliens passing between insular possessions. Data on aliens
from Guam are available since 1929; Samoa, since 1932. Rec
ords of United States citizens' arrival in continental United
States from insular possessions, and in insular possessions from
continental United States and other insular possessions, are
available since 1920.
Definition of terms. For 1820-1867, immigration totals
(compiled by the Department of State) were shown as alien
passenger arrivals, but may have included alien passengers who
died before arrival, and did include, for 1856-1867, temporary
visitors among arriving alien passengers. For the 12-year
period, the temporary visitors constituted about 1% percent
of the alien passenger arrivals.
For 1868-1891, the Bureau of Statistics immigrant arrival
figures (excluding temporary visitors), were reported. Since
1892, official immigration data have been compiled by the Office
of Immigration (and its successors) and for 1892-1895 its
totals were 7 to 8 percent lower than those for the Bureau of
Statistics for that period. The difference is largely attributable
to the limitation of the Office of Immigration figures to alien
steerage passengers; cabin class passengers were not again
included as immigrants until 1904. A further difference was
that the Bureau of Statistics figures were for arrivals and
those of the Office of Immigration were for admissions.
For 1895-1897, the Office of Immigration readopted arrivals
and the figures include the 2,419 aliens debarred in 1895, the
2,799 in 1896, and 1,880 in 1897. In later years, the immigra
tion data were further refined to exclude aliens in transit
through the United States (1904), and resident aliens return
ing from a visit abroad ( 1906) .
In 1906 arriving aliens were divided into two classes: Immi
grants, or those who intended to settle in the United States,
and nonimmigrants, or admitted aliens who declared an inten
tion not to settle in the United States, and all aliens returning
to resume domiciles formerly acquired in the United States.
The official record of emigration began in 1907. It was
made possible by the Immigration Act of 1907, which required
all steamship companies carrying departing aliens to furnish
manifests similar to those required for arriving aliens.
For 1908-1932, aliens arriving in or departing from the
United States were classified as follows: Arriving aliens with
permanent domicile outside the United States who intended to
reside permanently in the United States were classed as immi
grants ; departing aliens with permanent residence in the United
States who intended to reside permanently abroad were classed
as emigrants; all alien residents making a temporary trip
abroad and all aliens residing abroad making a temporary trip
to the United States were classed as nonimmigrants on the
inward journey and nonemigrants on the outward. Permanent
residence was defined as a residence of 1 year or longer.
(Annual Report of the Commissioner General of Immigration,
1908, p. 6.)
Since 1933, aliens arriving in or departing from the United
States have been classified as follows: Immigrants are non
resident aliens admitted to the United States for permanent
residence; they are further classified as quota immigrants, or
those admitted under established quotas from European coun
tries, Asia, Africa, and the Pacific, and colonies, dependencies,
and protectorates of European countries; and nonquota immi
grants, i.e., natives from the independent countries of the
Western Hemisphere, their wives and unmarried children un
der 18 years of age; wives, husbands, and unmarried children
of citizens of the United States; ministers and professors who
enter to carry on their professions, and their wives and chil
dren; and others. Since 1952 (Immigration and Nationality
Act) , professors have been removed from the nonquota classes.
Husbands as well as wives of ministers and of natives of
independent countries in the Western Hemisphere may be ad
mitted as nonquota.
Nonimmigrants are alien residents of the United States re
turning from a temporary visit abroad, or nonresident aliens
admitted to the United States for a temporary period. In
cluded in this group are visitors, transients, treaty traders
(treaty investors since December 1952), students, foreign
government officials, officials to international organizations,
wives and unmarried children of these groups, and agricultural
laborers from the West Indies (and from Japan since 1957).
Excluded are travelers between the United States and insular
possessions, commuters and others who frequently cross the
international land boundaries, and agricultural laborers from
Mexico and Canada.
Emigrants are aliens who have resided in the United States
for a year or longer and who are leaving the United States
for a permanent residence abroad. Nonemigrants are resident
aliens of the United States who are leaving the United States
for a temporary period abroad, or nonresident aliens of the
United States who have been in the United States for less than
a year and who are returning to permanent residence abroad.
Except for returning alien residents, the definition of immi
grants used in the statistical tables resembles the legal defini
tion given above. Under the law, returning alien residents are
classed as nonquota immigrants, whereas in the statistics they
are defined as nonimmigrants.
The definitions of immigrant and emigrant, nonimmigrant
and nonemigrant, have to some extent impaired the reliability
of net immigration figures. While an immigrant is admitted
for permanent residence, he may change his mind and depart
prior to residence of 1 year, in which case he is counted as an
immigrant on arrival and a nonemigrant on departure. An
alien who comes for a temporary visit and fails to depart
within a year is classed as a nonimmigrant on arrival and an
emigrant on departure.
C 88-114. Immigrants, by country, 1820-1957.
Source: 1820-1932, Immigration and Naturalization Service,
unpublished records, and Bureau of Immigration, Annual Re
ports of the Commissioner General of Immigration as follows:
1820-1926, Report for 1926, pp. 170-178; 1927-1931, Report
for 1931, pp. 222-223; 1932, Report for 1932, pp. 120-125;
and 1933-1957, Immigration and Naturalization Service,
records.
Data prior to 1906 cover countries from which the aliens
came; data for years following, countries of last permanent
49
C 89-109 MIGRATION
residence. Owing to changes in the list of countries separately
reported and to changes in boundaries, data for certain coun
tries are not comparable throughout. Under the provisions
of the Immigration and Nationality Act, subquotas of 100 each
were established for colonies or dependencies, to be charged
against the quota of the mother country. Because of these
provisions, since January 1953, statistics have been compiled
for each colony or dependency having a subquota.
The principal changes in reporting immigrants by country
since 1820 are shown in the detailed listing below.
See also general note for series C 88-151.
C 89-100. Immigration from Europe, 1820-1957.
Source: See source for series C 88-114.
Since 1820, territorial transfers in Europe have to a certain
extent impaired the comparability of immigration statistics
from that continent. Data for Austria-Hungary were not re
ported until 1861. Austria and Hungary have been reported
separately since 1905. For 1938-1945, Austria is included with
Germany. Bulgaria, Serbia, and Montenegro were first re
ported in 1899. In 1920 Bulgaria was reported separately,
as was the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (identified
as Yugoslavia since 1922). Prior to 1925 Northern Ireland
was included with Ireland (Eire). The figures for Norway
and Sweden were combined from 1820-1868, but since 1869
each country has been reported separately. Poland was re
corded as a separate country for 1820-1898 and since 1920.
During 1899-1919 Poland was included with Austria-Hungary,
Germany, and Russia. There is no record of immigration from
Rumania prior to 1880.
International transfers in territory following World War I
resulted in the establishment of several countries. In 1920,
Czechoslovakia, Finland, Poland, and the Kingdom of Serbs,
Croats, and Slovenes (designated as Yugoslavia in 1925) were
added to the immigration lists; in 1924, Albania, Estonia,
Latvia, and Lithuania were added; in 1925, the Free City of
Danzig and Luxembourg were added.
The Immigration Act of 1924, which established quotas for
all independent countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the
Pacific has effected a further change in the immigration lists
of countries. This change, however, was not fully felt until
1931. In that year Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco,
and San Marino were added to the European countries, and
the Russian Empire was classified into European Russia (desig
nated as U.S.S.R. in Europe since 1947) and Siberia, or Asiatic
Russia. The principal effect of the 1924 Act, however, was in
the extension of the lists of Asian, African, and Western
Hemisphere countries.
In 1950, Bessarabia and the northern portion of Bukovina
were included in the U.S.S.R. instead of in Rumania. The
Dodecanese Islands were included in Greece instead of Italy.
The Free Territory of Trieste, formerly a part of Italy and
Yugoslavia, was established as an independent country.
C 101-105. Immigration from Asia, 1820-1957.
Source: See source for series C 88-114.
China and India are the only countries in Asia for which the
records of immigration to the United States date back to 1820.
A few immigrants from Japan were recorded in 1861, 1866,
and 1867, but complete records for Japan begin in 1869.
Figures for Turkey in Asia are available since 1869. Data
on some immigration from Arabia are recorded for 1876-1895;
from Armenia for 1874-1895; and from Persia for 1871-1895.
For 1896-1923, immigration from Asia included only China,
India, Japan, Turkey in Asia, and "other Asia." In 1924,
Syria was added, and in 1925 Armenia, Palestine, and Persia
(Iran) were added to the lists of Asian countries. Since 1934
Armenia has been included in Russia. In 1931 Siberia, or
Asiatic Russia, was separated from European Russia, and Iraq
and Siam (Thailand) were added to the lists.
In 1945, the classification of country in the country-of-birth
statistics (on which the Quota Law is based) was adopted for
the immigration statistics. This change resulted in the addi
tion to the immigration lists of Afghanistan, Arabian Peninsula,
Bhutan, Muscat, Nepal, Saudi Arabia, and Asiatic colonies,
dependencies, and protectorates of European countries. Since
1948, the following countries have been added to the immigra
tion lists: (1948) Burma, Ceylon, Jordan, Korea, and Pakistan;
(1949) Israel (formerly included with Palestine), Lebanon (for
merly included with Syria), and Yemen; (1950) Indonesia;
(1952) Bonin Volcano Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Cambodia, and
Laos; (1957) Formosa.
C 106-109. Immigration from America, 1820-1957.
Source: See source for series C 88-114.
Prior to 1920 Canada and Newfoundland were recorded under
country of last permanent residence as British North America.
Combined figures are available for Canada and Newfoundland
for 1920-1924; for 1925-1948 each was reported separately.
Since 1950, Newfoundland has been included in Canada.
Statistics of European immigrants arriving in Canada en
route to the United States have been available since 1894.
For 1894-1906, the data refer principally to European aliens
arriving at Canadian Atlantic and Pacific ports en route to the
United States. Inspection of Canadians and Mexicans was first
authorized by the Act of 1907, and 1908 is, therefore, the first
complete year for which all immigration via the land borders
was recorded.
Immigration from Mexico has been recorded for 1820-1885
and for 1894 to the present. Immigration statistics for the
West Indies have been available since 1820. For 1820-1860
there was no classification of the West Indies, by country.
For 1860-1898, some immigration was recorded from Antigua
(1873-1895), Bahamas (1871-1895), Barbados (1869-1895),
Bermuda (1861-1895), Cuba (1869-1898), Curacao (1873-
1895), Haiti (1869-1895), Jamaica (1869-1895), Puerto Rico
(1869-1895), Saint Croix (1871-1895), Saint Thomas (1872-
1895), and Trinidad (1874-1895). For 1899-1924, there again
was no classification by country of immigration from the West
Indies. Immigration from Cuba has been separately recorded
since 1925; from the British West Indies, Dominican Republic,
Dutch West Indies, French West Indies, and Haiti since 1931;
and from Bermuda since 1945. For detailed data, see Annual
Report of Commissioner General of Immigration for each year,
1892-1932. Since January 1963, all countries in the West
Indies have been reported.
Immigration from Central America has been recorded since
1820, but not by country during most of that period. Separate
statistics are available for 1895-1898 for Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua, and Salvador; and for 1895-1897 for Costa Rica.
British Honduras was also enumerated separately for 1874-
1910. With the above exceptions, only figures for total immi
gration were available for Central America until 1925. Immi
gration has been reported separately from British Honduras
since 1925, and from the Canal Zone, Costa Rica, Guatemala,
Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Salvador since 1931.
Immigration from South America has also been reported in
total since 1820 but, with the following exceptions, not by coun
try until 1925. For 1869-1895, separate enumerations were
made for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guiana, Peru, and
Venezuela; and for 1871-1895 for the Argentine Republic. Sep
arate figures for Brazil have been again available since 1925;
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 110-138
and since 1931 for Argentina, Bolivia, British Guiana, Dutch
Guiana, French Guiana, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay,
Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
C 110. Immigration from Africa, 1820-1957.
Source: See source for series C 88-114.
Immigration from Africa has been recorded since 1820, but,
with few exceptions, was not classified by country until 1931.
There is record of some immigration from Liberia in 1829,
1839, 1844, and for 1857-1893; Algeria, 1872-1894; Egypt,
1869-1895; and South Africa, 1869-1895. For 1890-1924, only
immigration for continental Africa was reported. Immigration
from Egypt was again recorded in 1925. Immigration from
Ethiopia (Abyssinia), Liberia, Morocco, and Union of South
Africa, has been recorded since 1931. In 1945 "other Africa"
was classified into Cameroons (British Mandate), Cameroons
(French Mandate), Ruanda and Urundi (trust territory, Bel
gium), South-West Africa (Mandate of the Union of South
Africa), Tanganyika (trust territory, United Kingdom), Togo-
land (British Mandate), Togoland (trust territory, France),
and colonies, dependencies, or protectorates of Belgium,
France, Great Britain, Italy, Portugal, and Spain.
Since 1945, the following countries have been added: 1953:
Libya and Somaliland (Italian administration), and Southern
Rhodesia. Eritrea, which was federated with Ethiopia, was
included with Ethiopia. 1957: Ghana (composed of British
territories, Gold Coast and British Togoland), Sudan, and
Tunisia.
C 111-113. Immigration from Australasia, 1870-1957.
Source: See source for series C 88-114.
Immigration from Australia was recorded separately in 1822,
1839-1840, and for most of the years 1854-1898. For 1899-
1924, a combined total was recorded for Australia, Tasmania,
and New Zealand, and since 1925 Australia has been again
reported separately. Separate figures for New Zealand are
available for 1870-1890. For 1891-1893, New Zealand was in
cluded in "all other countries"; for 1894-1898 in "Pacific
Islands, not specified," and for 1899-1924 with Australia and
Tasmania. Separate figures for New Zealand have again been
available since 1925.
The following countries were added to the immigration lists
of the Pacific in 1945: Nauru (British Mandate); Territory of
New Guinea including appertaining islands (Australian Man
date) ; Western Samoa (New Zealand Mandate) ; Yap and other
Pacific Islands under Japanese Mandate; and colonies, depend
encies, or protectorates of France, Great Britain, Japan, Neth
erlands, and Portugal. In 1952, the Pacific Islands (trust ter
ritory, U. S. administration) were added.
C 115-132.- Immigrants, by major occupation group, 1820-1957.
Source: 1820-1890, Treasury Department, Bureau of Statis
tics, Arrivals of Alien Passengers and Immigrants in the United
States, 1820-1890, pp. 42-49; 1891, Treasury Department,
Bureau of Statistics, Immigration into the United States Show
ing Number, Nationality, Sex, Age, Occupation, Destination,
. . . from 1820-1903; 1892-1898, Bureau of Immigration, Annual
Reports of Commissioner General of Immigration; 1899-1944,
Immigration and Naturalization Service, unpublished records;
1945-1957, Annual Reports of the Immigration and Natural
ization Service.
The major occupation groups for 1820-1898 include the fol
lowing categories: Professional—occupations which involve a
liberal education or its equivalent and mental rather than man
ual skills; commercial—agents, bankers, hotelkeepers, manufac
turers, and merchants and dealers; skilled—occupations requir
ing special training of a manual rather than mental nature.
A "farmer" is one who operates a farm, either for himself or
for others; a "farm laborer" is one who works on a farm for
the man who operates it. The "no occupation" group includes
dependent women and children, other aliens without occupation,
and aliens whose occupations were not stated.
Although the data are shown in broad occupation groups,
the instructions for compiling statistics specified that the occu
pation should be described as precisely as possible. For ex
ample, civil engineer, stationary engineer, mining engineer,
brass polisher, steel polisher, iron molder, wood turner, etc.,
should be so described, and not entered simply as engineer,
polisher, molder, turner, or other indefinite designation.
In 1945 the Immigration and Naturalization Service adopted
the major occupation groups as shown in the Sixteenth Census
of the United States, Alphabetical Index of Occupations and In
dustries. It also grouped occupations of immigrants for 1899-
1944 (compiled in unpublished records) as closely as possible
into the new groups. Since 1951, occupations have been coded
and grouped in accordance with the definitions in U. S. Census
of Population: 1950, Alphabetical Index of Occupations and
Industries.
The occupation figures include all immigrants, those with
and without work experience. The "no occupation" group in
cludes housewives, unemployed, retired persons, students, chil
dren under 14 years of age, aliens with no occupation, and
occupation unknown or not reported.
See also general note for series C 88-151.
C 133, 135-138. Immigrants, by age, 1820-1957.
Source: 1820-1897, Treasury Department, Bureau of Statis
tics, Monthly Summary of Commerce and Finance of the U. S.,
No. 12, series 1902-1903, pp. 4358 and 4362; 1898-1932, An
nual Reports of the Commissioner General of Immigration;
1933-1957, data are from Immigration and Naturalization
Service, records.
Some of the published estimates have been revised because
of apparent printing errors in the source.
The age groups used to classify immigrants have changed a
number of times since 1820, thereby impairing to a certain
extent their comparability. For 1820-1898, the classification
was: Under 15 years, 15 to 40, and over 40 years. In addition,
the age of nearly 250,000 immigrants, or 4 percent of the
total, for 1820-1866 was not reported.
For 1899-1917 the age classification was: Under 14 years,
14 to 44, and 45 years and over; for 1918-1924 it was under 16
years, 16 to 44, and 45 years and over.
Although only three age groups were generally used before
1925, a more detailed classification was used for 1910-1924 for
single females: 15 to 19 years, 20 to 24, 25 to 29, and 30 to 34
in 1910; 14 to 21 years, 22 to 29, 30 to 37, and 38 to 44 for
1911-1917; 16 to 21 years, 22 to 29, 30 to 37, and 38 to 44
for 1918-1924.
In 1925 the age classification was enlarged from 3 to 6
groups: Under 16 years, 16 to 21, 22 to 29, 30 to 37, 38 to 44,
and 45 years and over. In 1940, it was enlarged to 12 groups,
with a lower limit of under 11 years, 5-year age groups until
60, and an upper limit of over 60 years. In 1945, it was
further enlarged into 5-year groups, with a lower age limit
of under 5 years and an upper open-end limit of 100 years and
over.
See also general note for series C 88-151.
C 134. Percent male immigrants, 1820-1957.
Source: 1820-1910, Senate Doc. No. 756, 61st Congress, Re
ports of the Immigration Commission, vol. 3, pp. 6 and 7;
1911-1931, Bureau of Immigration, Annual Report of the
51
C 139-158 MIGRATION
Commissioner General of Immigration, 1931, p. 238; 1932, An
nual Report of the Commissioner General of Immigration, 1932,
p. 58; 1933-1957, Immigration and Naturalization Service,
records.
Although the Act of 1819 required that arriving immigrants
be recorded by sex, these data were not satisfactorily com
piled before 1869. (See Senate Doc. No. 756 cited above, p. 5.)
The earlier reports of the Secretary of State to Congress con
tain partial data on this subject, and in 1911 the Immigration
Commission compiled these data to show the approximate sex
distribution for 1820-1867. Therefore the percentages given
in series C 134 cannot be reduced to numbers. Moreover, the
data are not complete, as in most years sex was not reported
for a considerable number of immigrants; but on the whole
the percentages may be accepted as fairly representative of
the sex distribution in the years considered.
C 139-151. Annual quota and aliens admitted, by classes,
1925-1957.
Source: Annual Reports of Immigration and Naturalization
Service and Presidential Proclamations on quotas.
For 1925-1929, the annual quota (series C 139) of 164,667
was based on 2 percent of the foreign-born residents in the
United States as determined by the 1890 Census. The present
"national origin" formula for determining quotas, which has
not changed since 1929, provides that the annual quota equal
one-sixth of one percent of the number of white inhabitants
in continental United States in 1920, less Western Hemisphere
immigrants and their descendants. The annual quota for any
nationality for each fiscal year is the number which bears the
same ratio to 150,000 as the number of inhabitants in conti
nental United States in 1920 having that national origin bears
to the number of inhabitants in continental United States
in 1920, but the minimum quota for any nationality is 100.
Changes in quotas since 1929 have been due chiefly to
changes in territorial boundaries of quota areas and to the
establishment of new quotas for countries that have become
independent.
The classes presented in these series are legal classes of ad
mission, as defined in the Act of 1924, and the Immigration
and Nationality Act of 1952. Returning resident aliens, who
have been counted before as immigrants, are included with
nonimmigrants.
In general, statistics on aliens admitted have been derived
from manifests or entry documents. Changes in regulations
extending documentary waivers for nonimmigrants entering
via the Canadian or Mexican border, or from adjacent islands,
have impaired comparability of the nonimmigrant statistics.
For example, the figure on nonimmigrant admissions dropped
in 1953 because beginning with 1953, the nonimmigrant figures
have excluded, with certain exceptions, Canadian citizens and
British subjects resident in Canada who were admitted for 6
months or less. In prior years the nonimmigrant figures ex
cluded entries over the Canadian border for 29 days or less.
The reduction in the number of returning residents in 1956
and 1957 may be attributed to changes in regulations extend
ing documentary waivers to resident aliens returning from
stays in Western Hemisphere countries of less than 6 months.
The waiver has recently been extended further to returning
residents who have been abroad less than 1 year.
See also general note for series C 88-151.
C 152-155. Aliens deported, voluntarily departing, and ex
cluded, 1892-1957.
Source: Annual Report of Immigration and Naturalization
Service, 1957, pp. 46, 50.
C 153, aliens deported. Undesirable aliens who have vio
lated certain immigration laws may be expelled or deported
under formal deportation proceedings. Deportation of alien
contract laborers within one year after entry was authorized
by the Act of 1888. Deportation statistics, however, have
been compiled only since 1892, shortly after enactment of the
Act of 1891, which provided for the deportation of all aliens
who entered unlawfully. The classes of deportable aliens were
extended by subsequent acts and are now defined in the Immi
gration and Nationality Act of 1952. The principal deportable
classes are criminals (including violators of narcotic laws),
immoral classes, mental or physical defectives, public charges,
subversives, and those who entered illegally or failed to main
tain or comply with the conditions of admission.
C 154, aliens voluntarily departing. An alien may con
cede deportability and be permitted to depart voluntarily
at his own expense. Statistics on aliens voluntarily depart
ing have been recorded only since 1927.
C 155, aliens excluded. Prior to 1882, various State laws
were enacted excluding from admission to the United States
undesirable aliens such as paupers, felons, and diseased
aliens. The first Chinese exclusion law was passed in 1882.
Lunatics, idiots, and persons likely to become public charges
were first excluded by the Act of 1882.
Statistics on aliens excluded were first compiled in 1892,
shortly after passage of the Act of 1891, which extended the
classes of excludable aliens. Subsequent acts, principally the
Immigration Act of 1917, and the Immigration and Nationality
Act of 1952, extended these classes further. At present, the
principal classes excluded are attempted illegal entries, crim
inals (including violators of narcotic laws), immoral persons,
subversive or anarchistic persons, and mental or physical de
fectives.
C 156-157. Aliens departing, 1908-1957.
Source: 1908-1910, Bureau of Immigration, Annual Report
of the Commissioner General of Immigration, 1931, pp. 213 and
239; 1911-1956, Annual Report of the Immigration and Nat
uralization Service, 1956, p. 48; 1957, Ibid, 1957 reports, p. 31.
For definition of terms, see general note for series C 88-151.
C 158-170. General note.
Prior to 1906, individual courts kept records of naturaliza
tions, but no national data were compiled. The Act of 1906
required all courts conducting naturalization proceedings to
file with a central Federal agency a copy of each declaration
of intention and petition of naturalization filed and of each
certificate of naturalization issued.
For 1907-1912 naturalization statistics were compiled by the
Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization. For 1913-1932
they were compiled by the Bureau of Naturalization. For
1933-1940, they were given in the Annual Reports of the Secre
tary of Labor and for 1941 in the Annual Report of the Attor
ney General. No report was published in 1942. For subse
quent years, the statistics appeared in Annual Reports of the
Immigration and Naturalization Service.
C 158. Declarations filed, 1907-1957.
Source: 1907-1910, Annual Report of the Secretary of
Labor, 1940, p. 115; 1911-1957, Annual Report of Immigration
and Naturalization Service, 1957, p. 67.
See also general note for series C 158-170.
Section 331 of the Nationality Act of 1940 provided that an
applicant for naturalization after reaching the age of 18 years
must make under oath, not less than 2 nor more than 7 years
prior to his petition for naturalization, a signed declaration
of intention to become a citizen. This section contained sub
stantially the requirements of the Basic Naturalization Act of
1906 concerning the declaration of intention. The Immigration
52
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 159-169
and Nationality Act of 1952, which repealed the Nation
ality Act of 1940, provides that a declaration of intention may
be filed, but it is not a prerequisite to naturalization. In a
number of States, in order to obtain employment, a license,
etc., an alien applicant must prove that he intends to become
a citizen. The law permits the filing of a declaration to show
such intent.
Prior to 1930 the number of declarations of intention was
far in excess of the number of aliens naturalized. This was
due mainly to the failure of many aliens to file a petition for
naturalization within the prescribed time limit, as well as the
denial of a number of petitions for naturalization. In most of
the years since 1930 the number of aliens naturalized has ex
ceeded the declarations filed, because of the increasing number
of persons who were exempted from the general requirements
for a declaration of intention.
Since 1907, a number of laws have been passed exempting
special classes of persons from the general requirement of a
declaration of intention. Most of these laws were codified
into the Nationality Act of 1940. Included among such ex
empted classes were noncitizen spouses of United States citi
zens; certain former citizens; noncitizens who, because of
misinformation, erroneously exercised the rights of citizen
ship; noncitizens who, at the time of entering the United
States, were under 16 years of age; certain noncitizens
who served honorably in the United States Armed Forces or
on certain vessels ; and certain noncitizen children.
C 159. Aliens naturalized, 1907-1957.
Source: See source for series C 158.
"Aliens naturalized" are aliens upon whom naturalization
was conferred in the United States by a naturalization court
or outside of the United States by a representative of the
Immigration and Naturalization Service. The total number of
aliens naturalized includes both civilian and military natural
izations.
The statistics of aliens naturalized do not include the follow
ing groups: Repatriations under section 323 of the Nationality
Act of 1940 of former citizens of "the United States who lost
citizenship by entering the armed forces of allied countries
during World War I, and former citizens who lost citizenship
of the United States by voting in a political election in a
foreign state (other than a state at war with the United
States during World War II) ; repatriations of women who
were citizens at birth but who lost or were believed to have
lost citizenship through marriage to an alien and whose mar
riages were terminated; repatriations under the Act of 1936,
as amended, of native-born women who lost citizenship by
marriage; and repatriations of persons who lost citizenship by
voting in a political election or plebiscite in Italy (Act of 1951)
and in occupied Japan (Act of 1954).
Separate statistics on these repatriations are compiled by
the Immigration and Naturalization Service which also com
piles statistics on certificates of derivative citizenship granted
and denied, expatriations and certificates of naturalization
revoked, and petitions for naturalization denied.
C 160-161. Aliens naturalized, by sex, 1923-1957.
Source: 1923-1932, Bureau of Naturalization, Annual Report
of the Commissioner of Naturalization, 1923-1932; 1933-1940,
Annual Report of the Secretary of Labor, 1933-1940; 1941-
1957, Annual Report of the Immigration and Naturalization
Service for 1949 and 1957.
See also general note for series C 158-170 and text for
series C 159.
488910 O - 60 - 5
C 162-169. Aliens naturalized, by place of former allegiance,
1923-1957.
Source: 1923-1932, Annual Report of the Commissioner of
Naturalization; 1933-1935, Immigration and Naturalization
Service, records; 1936-1957, Annual Report of the Immigration
and Naturalization Service.
See also general note for series C 158-170.
"Country of former allegiance or nationality" is the country
of which the alien at the time was a citizen or subject. Data
on the number of aliens naturalized, by country or region of
former allegiance, have been compiled only from 1922. Owing
to changes in the list of countries separately reported and to
changes in boundaries, data for certain countries are not com
parable throughout. The principal changes in reporting since
1923 are shown for individual series below.
C 162, Northwestern Europe. Includes the British Empire,
Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxem
bourg, Switzerland, France, and, beginning with 1948, Ice
land. For 1924-1932, the figures for the British Empire were
classified by country. Canada is shown separately for 1923-
1932, and since 1948; for 1933-1947, Canada is included in the
British Empire. Beginning with 1948, Ireland has been re
ported separately. Australia has been reported separately
from 1951, and included in "all other" (series C 169). See
text for series C 166, C 168, and C 169 for former British
territories.
C 163, Central Europe. Includes Germany, Poland, Czecho
slovakia, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Montenegro. For
1938-1947, Austria was included with Germany. For 1923-
1932, Yugoslavia was recorded as the Kingdom of Serbs,
Croats, and Slovenes.
C 164, Eastern Europe. Includes the Union of Soviet Social
ist Republics, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Finland, Rumania,
Bulgaria, and Turkey. For 1923-1928, Latvia and Estonia
were included with Russia. For 1923-1927, Lithuania com
prised portions of Russia and Germany. European and Asiatic
Turkey are included in Eastern Europe.
C 165, Southern Europe. Includes Greece, Italy, Spain,
Portugal, and, for 1929-1957, "other Europe," which com
prises Albania, the Free City of Danzig, Liechtenstein, San
Marino, Monaco, Andorra, and, since 1950, Trieste. For 1923-
1928, "other Europe" was recorded under the "miscellaneous"
group of countries and is included with "all other" (C 169).
C 166, Asia. For 1923-1927, Asia was included under "all
other" (C 169). The Asian countries reported separately and
the beginning dates are shown below:
Afghanistan (1929); Arabian Peninsula (1943); Bhutan
(1945); Burma (1949); Ceylon (1948); China (1932); India
(1948, British Empire formerly); Indonesia (1950); Iran
(1929); Iraq (1929); Israel (1950, Palestine formerly);
Japan (1932); Jordan (1948, formerly called Trans-Jordan
and included with Palestine prior to 1948); Korea (1948,
Japan formerly) ; Lebanon (1950, included in Syria former
ly) ; Muscat and Oman (1945); Nepal (1945); Pakistan
(1948, included in British Empire formerly) ; Palestine (re
ported separately 1929-1944 and since 1948; included in
British Empire 1945-1947); Philippines (1929); Saudi Arabia
(1945); Syria (reported separately 1928-1944 and since 1948;
included in France, 1944-1947); Thailand (Siam, 1944);
Vietnam (1952); Yemen (1950); and Formosa (1957).
Until 1953 racial restrictions upon naturalization limited the
naturalization of aliens who were citizens or subjects of coun
tries located in Asia. ( See text for series C 170.)
C 167, Canada. For 1923-1932, and since 1948, Canada is
shown separately; it is included in the British Empire for
1933-1947.
63
C 170-283 MIGRATION
C 168, Other America. Includes Mexico, the West Indies,
Central and South America. Figures for "other America"
countries were not compiled separately in 1923. Figures for
Mexico date from 1924; for the West Indies (Cuba, Dominican
Republic, and Haiti separately) from 1929. For 1924-1928, the
figures for Central and South America were combined. Sep
arate figures have been compiled for independent countries in
Central and South America beginning with 1929, except in
1933.
C 169, All other. Includes "miscellaneous" countries 1923-
1928; repatriated Americans, 1924-1934; "stateless" nationals
from 1945; Ethiopia from 1929; Liberia from 1929; and coun
tries which were former territories. Former territories and
the beginning dates of separate report are shown below:
Formerly French territory: Libya (1953) ; Tunisia (1957) ;
Sudan (1957). Formerly British territory: Egypt, reported
separately 1929-1944 and since 1948, included in British Em
pire, 1946-1947; South West Africa (1952); Southern Rhode
sia (1953); Union of South Africa (1948); Australia (1951);
Nauru (1952); New Guinea (1952); New Zealand (1952);
and Western Samoa (1952). Formerly Italian administra
tion: Somaliland (1953). Formerly international adminis
tration: Tangier (1953). Separate figures are available for
the following United States possessions: American Samoa,
Canal Zone, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and Wake and Mid
way Islands (1945-1951 and since 1955); Hawaii (since
1955); Guam (1944-1951, and since 1955).
C 170. Petitions denied, 1907-1957.
Source: 1907-1921, Reports of Commissioner of Naturaliza
tion as follows: 1907-1917, Report for 1917, p. 5; 1918-1919,
Report for 1919, p. 4; 1920, Report for 1920, pp. 5-6; 1921-
1957, see Annual Report of Immigration and Naturalization
Service, 1957, p. 72.
See also general note for series C 158-170.
Statistics on petitions denied have been compiled since 1907.
The Basic Naturalization Act of 1906 and subsequent naturaliza
tion laws specified the eligibility requirements for naturaliza
tion. Petitions for naturalization of aliens who fail to meet
the prerequisites for naturalization may be denied by the
courts at the final naturalization hearing. Included among
the reasons for denial are lack of knowledge and understanding
of history, principles, and form of government of the United
States, failure to establish good moral character, lack of at
tachment to the Constitution of the United States, inability to
speak (read, write) the English language, failure to establish
lawful admission to the United States or to meet residence
requirements, etc.
In the early laws the right to become naturalized was limited
to white persons, and petitions of persons of ineligible races
were denied. Gradually such restrictions were removed with
respect to Negroes, Filipinos, races indigenous to North and
South America and adjacent islands, Chinese, and Guamanians.
In 1952, the Immigration and Nationality Act removed all
racial restrictions to naturalization. Japanese aliens in the
United States were the largest class of aliens that benefited
by this law.
C 171-184. Citizenship status of the population, 1890-1950.
Source : 1890-1940, total, native, and total foreign-born popu
lation, and 1930-1940, citizenship status of foreign born and
persons 21 years old and over, Sixteenth Census Reports,
Population, vol. II, part 1, pp. 19, 30-33; 1890-1920, data on
persons 21 years old and over, and 1920, citizenship status of
foreign born, Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II,
p. 405; 1950, U. S. Census of Population: 1950, vol. II, part
1, pp. 1-178.
The classification of citizenship by the Bureau of the Census
embraces the two major categories, citizen and alien. Citizens
are subdivided into native and naturalized. Aliens are sub
divided into those having first papers (that is, having made
formal declaration of intention to become citizens of the United
States) and those not having first papers. In addition to the
citizen and alien categories, there is a third group made up
of foreign-born persons for whom no report on citizenship was
obtained, designated as "citizenship not reported" or "unknown
citizenship." Since it is likely that most of these persons are
aliens, they are often included in summary figures for total
aliens. The population 21 years old and over is also given
separately by citizenship, in order to show the number of po
tential voters.
These statistics relate to the citizenship status of the popu
lation at the date of the specified decennial census.
C 185-217. Native white population of foreign or mixed par
entage, by country of origin of parents, 1900-1950.
Source: 1900-1940, Sixteenth Census Reports, Population,
Country of Origin of Foreign Stock, p. 10; 1950, U. S. Census
of Population: 1950, vol. IV, Special Reports, Nativity and
Parentage, p. 3A-75.
A native is defined as a person born in continental United
States, Puerto Rico, or the Territories or possessions, or born
abroad to American parents. Persons for whom place of birth
was not reported are included as native. The nativity of
parents was defined in the same way as it was for the indi
vidual.
Persons of foreign parentage are allocated to the country
of birth of the foreign parent. The classification by country
of birth of parents is, of course, subject to the same limitations
and may be presumed to be less accurate than the classification
of the foreign born by country of birth.
The definition of country of birth of parents is similar to
that used in series C 218-283, below, with several important
exceptions. The classification by country of birth of parents
for 1930 and later years is made on the basis of boundaries
existing at the date of the specified decennial census. The
1920 data on country of birth of parents, however, are based
on pre-World War I boundaries because of the difficulty of
obtaining correct replies on the basis of postwar boundaries
for parents of persons enumerated. The procedure differs
from that used for series C 218-283 where the boundaries
used for 1920 and for all other years were those in existence
at the time of the census.
For definition of color, see text for series A 22-33.
C 218-283. Foreign-born population, by country of birth, 1850-
1950.
Source: 1850-1930, total foreign born, Fifteenth Census Re
ports, Population, vol. II, p. 233; 1910-1940, foreign-born white,
Sixteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, part 1, p. 43;
1950, foreign-born white, U. S. Census of Population: 1950,
vol. IV, Special Reports, Nativity and Parentage, p. 3A-71.
The foreign-born population comprises all persons born out
side the United States or any of the outlying possessions,
except certain persons whose parents at the time of their
birth were American citizens. Persons born in any of the
outlying Territories or possessions, and American citizens born
abroad or at sea, are regarded as native.
The statistics on country of birth are generally based on
the political boundaries of foreign nations existing at the date
of the specified decennial census. Because of boundary
changes following World War I and World War II, accurate
comparisons over the entire period, 1850-1950, can be made
54
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 218-283
for relatively few countries. These countries include England,
Scotland, Wales, Norway, Sweden, Netherlands, Switzerland,
Spain, Portugal, Canada (total of Canada-French, other, and
Newfoundland), and Mexico. For several other countries, as
for example, Italy, France, and Belgium, the figures are slight
ly affected by boundary changes; but these changes have not
been so great as to destroy entirely the value of comparative
figures. The boundaries of other countries, as for example,
U.S.S.R., Austria, Hungary, Rumania, and Greece, have been
so changed that comparisons over time are subject to a large
margin of error.
Statistics on country of birth of the foreign born have gen
erally been restricted to those countries which had at the time
of the census a separate political entity. For 1860-1900, how
ever, an exception was made in the case of Poland. Although
Poland was not restored to its original status as an inde
pendent country until the end of World War I, its historical
position was such that Polish immigrants generally reported
Poland as their country of birth regardless of the political
sovereignty over their birthplace. For 1860-1890, persons re
ported as born in Poland were so tabulated without qualifica
tion. In the Census of 1900 an attempt was made to dis
tinguish Austrian, German, and Russian Poland, and separate
statistics for each were presented. In the Census of 1910,
persons reported as born in Poland were assigned either to
Russia, Germany, or Austria. The figures for 1910, however,
have been adjusted on the basis of mother tongue data, to
conform as nearly as possible to the conditions in 1930.
Since World War I, the greatest difficulties encountered in
the tabulation of country-of-birth statistics has been the classi
fication of persons born in the former Austro-Hungarian Em
pire. Many persons born within the prewar boundaries of
this Empire could not or did not give to the enumerator the
information needed for the determination of their country of
birth on the basis of postwar geography. It is therefore quite
possible that some persons were assigned to Austria who were
really born within the present areas of either Czechoslovakia
or Yugoslavia, and that persons were assigned to Hungary who
were born within the present areas of Rumania or Yugoslavia.
Similarly, it is possible that some persons born in Latvia, Es
tonia, or Lithuania were assigned to Russia. Persons for
whom Austria-Hungary was reported in the 1960 Census
were allocated on the basis of surname to the various countries
created out of the territory of the old empire after World
War I. Even with this procedure, however, there appears to
be some indication that Austria and Hungary are overreported
at the expense of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. In 1950
the situation was further complicated by the fact that, although
there were extensive de facto boundary changes as a result of
World War II, only a small number of these changes were
officially recognized by the United States at that time.
For definition of color, see text for series A 22-33.
55
C 88-100 MIGRATION
Series C 88-114. Immigrants, by Country: 1820 to 1957
[For continuation of list of countries, see series C 101-114. For years ending June 30, except: 1820-1831 and 1844-1849, years ending Sept. 30; and 1833-1842 and 1851-1867,years ending Dec. 31; 1832 covers 15 months ending Dec. 31; 1843, 9 months ending Sept. 30; 1850, 15 months ending Dec. 31; 1868, 6 months ending June 30)
Year
1957...1956...
1955...1954...1953...1962...1951...
1950...1949...1948...1947...1946...
1945...1944...1943...1942...1941...
1940...1939...1938 ...1937...1936...
1935...1934...1933...1932...1931...
1930...1929...1928...1927...1926...
1925...1924...1923...1922...1921...
1920...1919...1918. ..1917...1916...
1915...1914...1913...1912...1911...
1910...1909...1908...1907...1906...
1905...1904...1903...1902...1901...
1900...1899. ..
1897. . .1896...
1895...1894...1893---1892...1891...
1890...1889...1888...1887...1886...
AUcountries 1
88
326,867321,625
237,790208.177170,434265.520205,717
249,187188,317170,570147,292108,721
38,11928.55123,72528.78151.776
70.75682.99867.89550.24436.329
34.95629,47023,06835,57697.189
241,700279.678307.255335.175304.488
294.314706.896522,919309 . 556805.228
430.001141.132110.618295.403298.826
326.7001.218,4801.197,892838.172878,587
041 . 570751,786782,870
1.285,3491.100,735
.026.499
812.870857.046648.743487.918
448.572311.715229.299230.832343.267
258.536285.631439.730579,663560.319
455.302444.427546.889490,109334.203
Europe
Total
89
169.625156.866
110.59192.12182,352
193,626149,545
199,115129 . 592103.544
83.53552,852
5,9434.5094.92011.15326.541
50.45463.13844.49531.86323,480
22.77817,21012.38320 , 57961.909
147.438158.598158.513168.368155,562
148.366364.339307.920216.385652.364
246.29524.62731.063
m,on145.699
197,9191 ,068,8911.055,855718.875764.757
926.291654,875691.901
1,199.5661,018.365
974.273767.933814.507619.068469.237
424.700297.349217.786216.397329.067
250.342277.052429.324570,876546.085
445.680434.790538.131482. S29
329.529
Northwestern Europe
GreatBritain
24.02019,008
15,76116,67216.63922.17714,898
12,75521.14926,40323,78833 , 552
3,0291.321974907
7,714
6,1583,0582,2621.7261.310
1.4131.305979
2,0579.110
31.01521.32719,95823.66925.528
27.17259.49045.75925.15351.142
38,4716.7972.51610.73516.063
27,23748.72960.32857 , 14873.384
68.94146.79362.82479.03767.198
84.18951.44833.63716.89814.985
12.50913.45612.89412.75224.565
28.83322.52035.18942.21566.605
69.73087.992108.69293.378
Ireland 1
8,2275,607
5.2224,6554,3043.5263.144
5,8428,6787.5342,5741,816
42711216588
272
8391.1891.085
531
454443338539
7.305
23,44519,92125,26828.54524.897
26.65017,11115.74010.57928.435
9,591474331
5,4068.639
14.18524.68827,87625,87929.112
29,85525.03330,55634.53034.995
52.94536.14235.31029.13830.561
35.73031.67325.12828.42140.262
46.30430.23143.57851.38355,706
53.02465.55773.5136S.37049,619
Scandinavia 1
6,1895.681
5,1595,4595,5375.4165,502
5,6616,6656,1274,9181.278
224281239371
1,137
1,2601,1781.393971646
688557511938
3.144
6,91917.37916.18416,86016.818
16.81035,57734,18414.62.".22,854
13.4445.5906.50613.77114.761
17.88329.39132,26727.55442,285
48.26732.49630.17549.96552.781
60.62560.09677,64754,08839.234
31.15122 . 19219.28221.08933.199
26.85232.40058,94566.29560,107
50.36857.50481.92467,62946,735
OtherNorth
western '
25,10915,254
10,70711.85311,14512.47610,973
10,85712,28813,72114 . 5628,651
365619
1,5315,6229.009
7,7435.2143.3522.5121.745
1,8081,2701,0451.558
4.420
9,1709,0919.0799.1348.773
8.54816.07712.46911.14929,317
24,4915.1263.1466.7318,715
12,09625,5912S.»<*22.92125.549
23.85217.75622,17726.51223.277
24.69323.32117.00910.3229.279
5.8225.1504.6985.3237.611
7.3139.51417.^8821.73121 .»24
20,57522.01023.25117.30711.737
Central Europe
Germany :
60.35344.409
29 , 59633 . 09827,329104.23687,755
128,59255.28419,36813,9002,598
Poland •
172288248150028
21,52033.51517,19910.8956.346
5,2014.3921,9192,67010.401
26,56946.75145,77848,51350.421
46.06875.09148.27717.9316.803
1.00152
4471,8572,877
7,79935.73434.32927.78832.061
31.28325.54032.30937.80737.564
40.57446.38040,08628.30421.651
18.50717.47617,11122.53331,885
32,17353.98978,756
119,168113,554
92,42799.538109,717106.86584.403
571263
12967136235
6961.6732,447
745335
195292:i9!
343451
7023,0722.4031.212
1.5041.0321.3321,2963,604
9.2319,0028,7559.2117,126
5.34128.80626.53828.63595,089
4,813
OtherCentral :
4,7264,165
691
7901,941
16,37440.53627.497
11.0734 . 9225 . S266.1283.939
15.49810,284
4,1332,8732,88523,52910,365
17,7927,4116,0064.622
511
206316206396786
3,6285,3345,1953,7632,723
2,3571.422981
1,7494.E00
9.1848,0817,0916.5596,020
4.70132,70034,03829.36377,069
5,6665361
1,2585,191
18,511278,1522M.S2;.178,882159,057
258,737170,191168,509338.452265,138
275,693177,156206.011171,989113.390
114,84762.49139.79733.03165.103
33,40138.63857.42076.93771,042
56.19934.17445.81140.26528.680
Eastern Europe
U. S. S. R.and
BalticStates 8
97
668643
523475609548555
526694897761153
98157159197665
1,021
629378
418607458636
1,396
2.7722.4502,67,2
2,9333,323
3.12120,91821.15119,91010.193
1.7511.4034,24212.7167 K42
26,187255,660291.040162,395158.721
186,792120,460156,711258,943215.665
184,897145.141136.093107,34785.257
90,78760.98229.82825,81651,445
35.90739,27842.31081.51147.426
35,59833,91633.48730.76617.800
OtherEastern •
558394
134104
137
27724648524998
9710954
117299
491620542533424
453347352592
1,192
2.1592,1531.7761.7081.596
1,56613 . 17316.08212.24432.793
3.9135193
3691.167
2,89221.42018.03620,92521,655
25,28711.65927.34536,51018.652
11.02212.75612.6008.2348,199
6,8521.7381.076943954
7681.027
6251.331
Southern Europe
Italy
7231.1451.3932.251
670
19.62440,430
30,27213,1458,43211.3428.958
12.45411,69516,07513.8662,636
21312049103450
5,3026,5707,7127,1926,774
6.5664,3743.4776,66213,399
22,32718,00817,72817,2978,253
6.20356.24646,67440,319
222.260
95,1451,8845,250
34 . 59633,665
49,688283.738265.542157,134182.882
215,537183.218128.503285.731273.120
221.479193.296230.622178.375135.996
100.13577.41958.61359.43168.060
35,42742.97772.14561,63176.055
52.00325.30751.55847.62221,315
OtherSouthern
8,81314.893
8,9553,7205,250
10,0047,074
3,6633,8094.4813.5501.224
917944901864
1,730
1,9132.3672,3921,8991.821
1.9161.461991
1,8823,438
4,6474.4354.2443,9392.807
2.1869,1507,0086.47776,409
48.0093.1978.471
45,64446,779
21.44155.28843 , 52638.24940,051
37,74021.72932,79252.07929,975
18.15622.19725.49214.42310,685
8.3604,7724,6332.8935,292
2.5744.5376.0948.1385.047
3,9602.7252,9592.2481.702
1 For 1820-1867 excludes returning citizens; there/ore for those years, does notTee with series C 115 and C 133.1 Comprises Eire and Northern Ireland.1 Comprises Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland.Comprises Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and France.
Austria, 1938 to 1945.1899 and 1919, included with Austria-Hungary". Germany, and ]
: Comprises Czechoslovakia (since 1920), Yugoslavia (since 1920), Hungary (since1861), and Austria (since 1861, except for the years 1938-1945, when Austria wasincluded with Germany).
■ Comprises U. S. S. R. in Europe, Latvia. Estonia, Lithuania, and Finland.
* Comprises Rumania, Bulgaria, and Turkey in Europe.i* Comprises Spain, Portugal, Greece, and other Europe, not elsewhere <
66
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 88-100
Series C 88-114. Immigrants, by Country: 1820 to 1957—Con.
Allcountries 1
395,346518,592603.322788,992669.431
457,257177,826138,469141,857169,986
227,498313.339459,803404,806321,350
387,203352,768138,840315,722318,568
248.120193,418176.28291,98591,918
153,640121 ,282123 , 126251,306200,436
200,877427,833368,645371,603379,466
369,980297,024226,527234.968154,416
114,37178,61552.496104,56580,289
84,06668,06938,91479,34076,242
45,37465.36558,64060,48222,633
23,32222,52027,38218,87510,837
10,1997,9126,3546,9119,127
8,385
Europe
Total
89
Northwestern Europe
GreatBritain
Ireland 2
91
353,083453,686522,587648 , 186528,545
348,691134,259101,612106,195120,920
182,961262.783397 , 541352,155265,145
328,626315,963130,090283,751278,916
214.048185,233163.73383,71081,200
141,209110,949111,354216,224186,083
187,729405,542361 , 576362,484369,510
308,323286,501218,025229.117146,315
109,30174,74549,01399,94576,216
80 , 12664 , 14834,07071,03970,465
41,98757,51029,11134 , 19313.039
7.21712 , 52324,72916,7199,751
8,5434,9654,0164,4185,936
7,691
57,71365,95076,606
102.99181,376
73,27329.95522,15023 , 58129,291
47,90562,02189 , 50084,91285,455
103,67784,43824,12752,64194,924
82,465
53,42866.88224,63919,675
29 , 73726 , 16328,95658,47944,658
47,57258,64787,57640,69951,487
51,08555,13285,15923,30222 , 180
19,210
14,3538,43022,00516,188
2,61310,2715,42012,21813,106
8,97010,4904,9165,3312,475
1,1533,1795,3524,1862,319
2,0951,2641,1001,2213,210
2,410
51,79563,34481,48676,43272,342
71,60320,01315,93214,56919,575
37,95753,70777,34468,73257,439
56,99640.78632,06872,87936,690
29 , 77263 , 52355,91623,35123,797
48,63735,21626,87354,36154,349
49,627101,606162,649159,548221,253
164,004159,398112,934105,53651,752
44,82133,49019,67051,34237,772
39,43023,96312,64528,50830,578
20,92724,4748,64812,436
5,772
2,7217,41512,4889,7665,408
4,8882,3451,9082,2671,518
3,614
Scandinavia 3
40,70452,72871,994105,32681 , 582
65,65721,82012,25411,27412,323
14.32219,17835,48128,57522 , 132
30,74243,94111.9858.49114,495
7,2582,9613,1192,550
850
8401,5902,6622,7471,330
1.3494,2223.3964,1062,438
1,5893,4811,1131,3202,030
9821,3361,777
588226
207380112399473
686618933486
1!)30602826
182(1
72824
23
OtherNorthwestern 4
93
13,73218,76824,27127,79626,883
15,0429,0816,9298,62110,923
11,98715,99822,89215,6147,174
9,15210 , 5854,29312,41713,648
7,992
5,6213,2454,3863.769
5,2783,7274,5806,87912,403
14,57128,07014,20511,27820,905
11,4707,6349,877
24,33612,303
9,4664,3434,3645,3616,077
7,9787,8913,8395,7695,189
3,3694,4685.3555,6952,277
1,3051,0654,7001.829968
719671528
522621
452
Central Europe
Germany 1 Poland •
94
124,443179,676194,786250,630210,485
84,63834,60229,31329,29831,937
47,76987,291149,671141,10982,554
118,225131,04255,831
133,426115,892
83,42457,27633,16227,52931,661
54,49141,78445,31091,78171,028
71,918215,009141,946145,91872,482
78,89660,23558,46574,28157,561
84.35520,73114,44120,37015,291
29,70421.02811,68323,74020,707
8.31117,6866,98810,1942,413
1,976597
1,851432all
450
230183148
968
3,0854,5362.0114,6725.614
2,177489547533925
9841,7953,3381,647
535
223184
310412
528165
946348
82106
912420
462208
33110
10
54
636171015
s46
418153
5454
134
OtherCentral '
96
27,30936,57127,62529,15027,935
17.2675,9635,1505,3966,276
7,6588,8507,1124,4104,887
4,4251,499
19269293
422230
86111
61
Eastern Europe
U. S. S. R.and
BalticStates ■
OtherEastern 1
98
Southern Europe
Italy
17,15812,689
9,90916,9185,041
5,0144,4533,0486.5994,775
7,9974.0731,6341,018
673
807343141205287
188256
777984
6691
246
26
13z321
3144
16
248
1136
28
174
713192
915
159
317
19
4
1077
107
14
941388163134102
8529293238
2762532023
618
42618
14111611
5
4101711
6
97
1532
159324
13.64216,51031,79232,15915,401
12,3545,7914,3443,1953,015
3,6317,6668,7574,1902,816
2,8911,489
8911.6241,382
924600
547566811
1,019932
1,2401,0071,365
1,0521,263
555351447
431209241164
151
187141117100179
87848636115
60
1051,699
328
923343557
7545333563
30
1 For 1620-1867 excludes returning citizens; therefore for those years, does notagree with series C 115 and C 133.
* Comprises Eire and Northern Ireland.1 Comprises Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland.* Comprises Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and France.' Includes Austria, 1938 to 1945.6 Between 1899 and 1919, included with Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia.
7 Comprises Czechoslovakia (since 1920), Yugoslavia (since 1920), Hungary (since1861), and Austria (since 1861, except for the years 1938-1945, when Austria wasincluded with Germany).
8 Comprises U. S. S. R. in Europe, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, and Finland.• Comprises Rumania, Bulgaria, and Turkey in Europe.
"> Comprises Spain, Portugal, Greece, and other Europe, not elsewhere classified.
57
C 101-114 MIGRATION
Series C 88-114. Immigrants, by Country: 1820 to 1957—Con.
Total
101
20,00817,827
10,9859,9708,2319,3288,921
3,7796,43810,7395,8231,633
442227
1,801
1,9132,1622,3761,065721
597
5521,9313,345
4,5353,7583,3803.6698,413
3,57822,06513,70514,26325,084
17,50512,67412,70112,75618,204
15.21134,27385,35821,44917,428
23,53312,90428.36540,52422,800
28,92526 , 18629.96622,27118,693
17,9468,9728,6379,6626,764
4,4954,6902.392
7,678
4,4481,725843615317
Turkeyb
102
7748
543313123
1340162216
1315363116
715111320
31222743139
11870807337
612,8202,1831,998
11,785
5,0331943
8981,670
8,54821,71623,95512,78810,229
15,2127,5069,7538,0536,854
6,1675,2357,1186,2235,782
3,9624,4364,2754,7324,189
2,767
2,488
1,12659827320815
China
103
1,886
568254528263335
1,2803,4157,2033.191
252
n5065
1791.003
643642613293273
229187148750
1,150
1.5891.4461.3201,4711,751
1,9376,9924,9864,4064,009
2,8801,9641,7952,2372,460
2,6602,5022,1051,7651,460
1,9681,9431,397961
1,544
2,1664,3092,2091,6492.459
1,2471,6602,0713,3631,441
5891,170472
2,836
1,716118261040
Japan 1
104
6,8296,967
4.1503,8462.5793.814271
10052942313114
1
42044
10210293132
91
888675
526653
8377715507236 = 4
7288,8015,8096,7167,878
9,43210,06410,2138,9918,680
8,6188,9298,2816,1144,520
2,7208,11115,80830,22613,885
10,38114,26419,96814.2705,269
12,6352,8442,2301,5261,110
1,1501,9311,380
1,136
691640404229194
Other
105
11,0049,926
6,1635,8375,1115.2398,812
2.3862,4543.0972,4791.851
357158213310493
1,1611,4031,659627337
334302302612
1.408
1,9911,4711.4301.402971
8673.452
7271,1481,412
710627660
1,186394
8951.1261,017782
1,219
8,633844
1,4121,284567
5.2712,378
67112983
10232614174
891,589640
1,218
91537414016868
America
Total
106
134,160144,718
110,48695,58777,65061,04947,681
44,19149,33452,74652,75346,066
29,64623.08418,16216,37722,445
17,82217,13920,48616,90311,786
11,17411.4099,92512.57780,816
88 . 104116,177144.281161,872144,398
141,496318,855199,97277,448124,118
162,666102,28665,418147,779137,424
111,206122,695103,90795,92694,864
89,63482,20869,99741,76224,613
25,21716,42011,0236,6984,416
5,4554.3162,6274,5377,308
3,5083,5512.593
(')5,082
3,8335,4595,4025,2703,026
Canadaand Newfound-
107
Mexico
108
46,86442,368
49,32161,320
32.48634,87336.28338,35426.880
48,70230,64517.1889.0796.158
21.88625,15625,48524,34221,844
6,7448,0888,3847,5687,146
11,53010,1439,76110,59911,478
6,7026,5984,1722,8782,824
11,07810.81314,40412,0118,121
2,8182,6402,6022,8471,716
7,7827,9456,1878,003
22,183
1,6601.8011,9362,1713,333
65,26466,46175,28184,58098,368
12,70840,16459,01667,72143,316
102,768200,690117,01146,81072,817
32,96489,33668.76819.55130,758
90,02567,78232,452105.399101,551
52,36129,81818,52417,86918,426
82,21586,13973,80265,99066.880
12,34014,61411,92623,23819,889
66.65561,94138,51019,9185,068
18,69116,2516,0671,4061.997
2,1682,8871,058686640
2,6371,009
528709347
396 23716110791160
1,322852291278
244194
116109
(«) Q(•)
284(')(')
18828159
17
(')
AuatralaaU
Allother
OtherAmerica
Africa,total
TotalAustraliaand NewZealand
OtherPacificInlands 1
tries''
109 110 111 112 111 114
88,486 1,600 1.468 1.228 280 1641,080 1.351 1,346 1,171 175 22
34.299 1,208 1,028 932 96 8,69730,069 1,248
989910 846 65 8,841
24.184 782 742 40 48018,616 981 578 645 33 8
15.598 846 527 490 87 3,248
15,562 849 517 460 67 73616,095 996 776 661 115 1,18218,877 1,027 1,886 1.218 118 1.17820,853 1.284 2,960 2.821 189 987
17,576 1,516 6,106 6.009 97 648
11,414 406 1.663 1,625 88 19
6.343 112 615 677 88 44.229 141 160 120 40 «8,400 478 163 120 43 61
8,148 664 265 194 61 170
4,431 202 228 207 21 187
3,686 218 222 218 9 1198.580 174 248 228 20 1162,646 155 174 145 29 841,949 105 166 147 18 72
1,882 118 141 132 9 631,668 104 147 130 17 81,802 71 137 122 IS2,408 186 303 291 126,800 417 652 616 36
10,147 572 1.051 1,026 269,572 609 636 619 17
9,984 475 606 678 28
9,571 520 746 712 84
7,709 529 691 656 86
5,77928,829
412 462 416 46900 679 685 44 68
19,193 648 769 711 48 16
11.087 620 915 866 60 26
21,048 1,801 2,281 2,191 90 130
20,280 648 2,185 2,066 119 702
14,686 189 1,310 1.234 76 46
14,442 299 1,090 925 165 47
24,511 666 1.142 1,014 128 77
17,448 894 1.574 1.484 90 81
16,651 984 1,399 1,282 117 8121.942 1,639 1,446 1,886 110 18618,179 1,409 1,340
8981,229 111 28
16,698 1,009 794 104 1517,645 966 1,048 984 59 89
14,288 1,072 1,097892
998 99 4314,016 868 889 68 4916,420 1,411 1,179 1.098 81 1720,438 1.486 1,989 1,947 42 2217,553 712 1,788 1,682 51 •88,012
20.412 757 2,166 2,091 75 16112,574 686 1.556 1,461 94 909,437 176 1,349 1,150
884
199 25
5,353 37 566 182 103
3,529 173 498 825 178 1
4,822 80 428 214 214 18
2,833 61 810 456 354 217
2,168 48 201 168 48
4,155 87 199 189 60
6,875 21 112 87 26
8,148 86 155 1553,248 24 244 244 70
2,593 248 248 5,178(•) m 267 267 (•) 8,620
4,848 103 1,801 777 624 70
3,660 112 1,167 699 468 62
5,431 187 2,196 1,000 1,196 70
5,387 66 2,887 697 1,690 61
5,261 40 1,282 628 754 73
8,009 122 1,136 622 614 78
1 No record of immigration from Turkey in Asia until 1869.* No record of immigration from Japan until 1861.1 Philippine Islands are included in "Other Asia" in 1952 (1.179), 1958 (1,074),
11954 (1,234), 1955 (1,598), 1956 (1,792), and 1957 (1,874). From 1934 to 1951,nelusive, they are included in "All other countries."
* Prior to 1920 Canada and Newfoundland were recorded as British North America.From 1820 to 1898 the figures include all British North American possessions.
* Includes 32,897 persons returning to their homes in the United States.* Included in "All other countries."7 No record of immigration from Mexico for 1886 to 1893.
58
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 101-114
Series C 88-114. Immigrants, by Country: 1820 to 1957—Con.
Asia
Total
101
198610
8,11339,62911,982
6,8399,6609,01410,64022,943
16,49913,83820,3257,8257,240
15,82512,9495,1713,9612,411
2,9472,9827,2163,6407,528
5,4763,4615,1335,9454,747
8,54013 , 100
4742
7118
1211
66
11
73
Turkey
431
738
163
China
103
22279
8,03139,57911.890
5,8029,6048.992
10,59422,781
16,43713,77620,2927,7887,135
15,74012,8745,1573,8632,385
2,9422,9757,2143.6337,518
5,4673,4575,1285,9444,783
3,52613,100
42
Japan 3
104
4920
275
11
4•1
274
8219
1778
48
67
1
OtherAsia 1
127211554576
21211336150
5835212023
8710143119
57279
9451
14
1114
96341
America
Total
41,20363,33971,729100,129127,577
101,69233,04327.20424,06524,686
26,64035,33940,33542,20548,835
42,65823,7673,41524,71533 , 582
22,7784,6074,1474,1752,763
6,3435,4665,8216,8119,058
9,2608,5336,0307,6959,703
15,7688,9047,9895,2315,525
5,0353,7402,8543,9943,429
3,8153,6172,9903,6284,936
3,3122,7793,2822,8712.194
2,2963,2992,090
580831
846559382378303
387
Canadaand Newfoundland •
107
38,33660,62670.27498,366125,450
99,74431,28625,69222 , 13722.505
24,09733,02087.89140,20447,164
40,41421,1202,78523,37932,150
21,5863,6363,4643,2752,069
4,5144,1634,6036,6706,493
7,7616,8915,4246,3527,438
9,3766,8906,4733,8273,855
3,1952.7111,5022.0781,816
1,9381,9261,4761,2792,814
1,1931,0201,194
608176
189409267165223
814155167204184
209
Mexico
323430469366325
492556465445631
610386606569402
463320129292239
193
9996
142218
229265429133741
42044616272
181
5975182462
222
498197398403352
395353211627798
1.032885779827
2,2901,089
127106
681103554
OtherAmerica
2,5442,283
9861,3971.802
1,4561,2011.1471,4831.550
1,9331.9331,8381,4321,269
1,7812,827
5011,0441,198
999872
587758476
1,6001,038
7891,0081,824
1,0791,196444
1,2712,084
5,7951,4961,4921,3421,448
1,342832954
1,5131,261
1,4821,3381,3031,7221,324
1,087874
1,3091,4361,326
1,124600734288502
464294180169
116
177
Africa,total
11259676033
1812181689
5458284124
31723
2533
4937
81247
126
111725
6
14
310
Total
679900747889
1,191
954816606914
1,312
1,2681,1931,4142,416
21
36
Australiaand NewZealand
449502554878
1,188
953813606912
1,205
1,104960
1,1352,180
18
36
OtherPacificIslands '
113
230398193
113
2107
164233279236
8
1 No record of immigration from Turkey in Asia until 1869.» No record of immigration from Japan until 1861.> Philippine Islands are included in "Other Asia" in 1952 (1,179), 1953 (1,074),
1954 (1,234), 1955 (1,598), 1956 (1,792), and 1957 (1,874). From 1934 to 1951,inclusive, they are included in "All other countries."
* Prior to 1920 Canada and Newfoundland were recorded as British North America.From 1820 to 1898 the figures include all British North American i
59
C 115-125 MIGRATION
Series C 115-132. Immigrants, by Major Occupation Group: 1820 to 1957
(For years ending June 30, except: 1820-1831 and 1844-1850, years ending Sept. 30; and 1833-1842 and 1850-1866, years ending Dec. 31; 1832 covers 15 months ending Dec. 31;1843, 9 months ending Sept. 30; 1851, 15 months ending Dec. 31]
Professional, Farmersand(arm
managers
Managers,officials,and
proprietors,exc farm
Clerical,sales, andkindredworkers
Craftsmen, Serviceworkers,
exc.
Farmlaborersand
Laborers,
Totaltechnical,
and kindredworkers
foremen,operatives,and kindred
workers
Privatehouseholdworkers
exc.farm and
NooccupationYear private
householdforemen mine
US 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 12S
1957 326.867 24,489 3,506 6,127 25,897 46.338 11,457 8.761 4,585 21,826 173,8811956 321.625 18,995 5,727 5,814 23,413 44,950 15,347 7,922 9.050 27,807 162,600
1955 237,790 14,109 4,446 5,114 18.060 34.218 11.824 6,512 5,486 17,518 120.5031954 208,177 13,817 3,846 5,296 16,018 32,151 8,096 5,203 1,622 10,061 112,0671953 170,434 12.783 3,393 5.025 15.171 26,975 6,852 4,390 1,538 5,369 88.9381952 265.520 16.496 10,566 5,968 16.724 42,315 9,653 6.418 6.289 8.969 142,1221951 205,717 15,269 10,214 5,493 14.098 34,041 7,243 5.292 4,972 5,481 103,614
1950 249,187 20,502 17,642 6.396 16,796 41,450 8,900 4,970 3,976 5,693 122.8621949... 188.317 13,884 8,937 6.014 14 , 797 27,964 6,990 3,937 933 6,192 98,6691948 170,570 12.619 4,884 6.207 15,298 23,816 6.389 4.350 946 4,826 91.2351947 _.. 147,292 10.891 3.462 5.886 13.961 19,306 4,922 3,882 442 2.831 81,7091946 108,721 6,198 947 3,616 8,378 8,826 2,464 2,153 189 1,473 74.477
1946 38,119 2.852 497 1,457 3,715 4,511 1.495 1,047 225 886 21,4341944 28,551 2.616 349 894 2.368 3,533 1,125 811 203 1.030 15,6221943.. 23.725 2.695 235 988 1.840 2,587 770 707 164 681 13.0581942.. 28,781 3.518 254 2,305 1,638 2.061 872 740 92 493 16.8081941 51,776 6,232 356 5.640 2,837 3,513 1.503 829 129 732 30.005
1940 70,756 6.802 847 7,415 4,361 5.710 2.891 949 252 2,120 39,4091989 82.998 7,199 1,186 8,929 4,794 6,532 5.420 1.979 415 2,070 44,4741938 67.895 5,418 1.508 S.408 3.119 5,697 5.919 1,794 609 2.411 36,0121937 50.244 4.130 852 3,422 2,126 3,996 3,213 1.426 378 1,904 28.7971936 36.329 2,564 535 1.782 1,449 2,490 1.944 1,056 324 1.195 22,990
1935 34,956 2.244 593 1.347 1.024 2.689 1.418 1.390 408 1,355 22,4881984 29,470 2,101 425 1.207 933 2,267 805 1.216 233 1,154 19.1291933 23.068 1.615 292 690 600 1,821 550 933 134 887 15,5461932 35.576 2.100 403 1.331 919 2,053 1.232 1.063 254 1,157 25.0641931 97.139 4,120 2.743 2.384 4.229 9,555 9,740 3,128 3.422 4,806 53,012
1930 241,700 8,585 8.375 4.620 14.414 32.474 29.073 6.749 13.736 18.080 105,5941929 279.678 8,792 8.309 4.709 15,354 36.437 31.841 6.820 19.849 27,873 119.6941928.. 307,255 9.332 8.773 5,287 16.344 42,765 28,751 8.846 24.161 37.904 125,0921927 335.175 9.883 10.324 5,772 20,140 42.394 31.344 10,070 23.698 55,989 125,5611926... 304.488 9.203 9.720 5,374 19.086 38,682 30,587 14; 340 17,390 45.199 114,907
1925 294.314 8.942 13.875 5.508 15,368 36,927 26.924 15,399 16.022 36,610 118,7441924 706,896 20.926 20.320 15,668 27,873 123.923 51,680 29.261 27,492 112,344 277,9091923 622.919 13.926 12.503 12,086 17.931 87,899 52.223 22.244 25.905 86.617 191,5851922 309,556 9.696 7,676 9,573 10,055 40,309 44,531 12.340 10,529 33.797 131.0501921... 805.228 12.852 22.282 18.286 18.922 109,710 102.478 24.298 32.400 162.859 301.141
1920 430.001 10.540 12.192 9.654 14.054 55.991 37.197 18,487 15.257 83.496 173.1331919 141.132 5,261 3.933 4,247 6,524 21,671 6,277 11,571 4,412 18.922 £8.3141918 110,618 3.529 2.583 3,940 4,239 17.501 7,816 6.367 4,538 15,142 44.9631917 295.408 7,499 7,764 8.329 10.554 38.660 31.885 11,784 22.328 52.182 104,4181916 298.826 9,024 6.840 8.725 9,907 36.086 29,258 10,989 26,250 56,981 104,766
1915.. 326,700 11.453 6,518 10.728 9,377 45.591 39.774 11,976 24.723 49.620 116,9401914 1,218.480 13.454 14.442 21.903 17.933 149.515 144,409 19.621 288,053 228,935 320,2151913. 1,197,892 12.552 13,180 19.094 15,173 139.091 140.218 17,609 320,105 223,682 297,1881912 888.172 10.913 7.664 14.715 18,782 107.893 116.529 13,580 184,154 137,872 231,0701911 878.587 11.275 9,709 15.416 14,723 128,717 107.153 11.051 176,003 158.518 246,022
1910 1.041.570 9.689 11.793 14.731 12.219 121.847 96.658 8,977 288.745 216,909 260,0021909 751.786 7,603 8.914 11.562 8.467 75,730 64,568 5,849 171.310 176.490 221.2931908 782,870 10.504 7.720 16.410 11.523 106.943 89.942 10.367 138.844 147,940 242,6771907 1.285.349 12.016 13,476 20,132 12,735 169.394 121,587 13.578 328.854 293.868 304.7091906 1.100.735 13.015 15,288 23.515 12.226 156,902 115,984 10,439 239.125 228,781 285,460
1905 1.026.499 12.582 18.474 27.706 12.759 159,442 125,473 5.849 142.187 290.009 232.0181904 812.870 12.195 4.507 26.914 11.055 133.748 104.937 6,400 85.850 212.572 214.6921903 857.046 6.999 13.363 15.603 7.226 110.644 92.686 11,482 77.518 321.824 199,7011902 648.743 2.987 8.168 9.840 3.836 71.131 69,913 6.298 80,562 243.399 153.1591901 487.918 2.665 3.035 8,294 3.197 57.346 42,027 5.352 54,753 162.563 148,686
1900 448.572 2.392 5. 493 7.216 2.870 54,793 40,311 4,406 31.949 164.261 134,9411899 311,715 1.972 3,973 6.815 2.473 38.608 34 . 120 4.580 17.343 92.452 109.379
60
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 115-132
C 115-132. Immigrants, by Major Occupation Group: 1820 to 1957—Con.
YearToul'
Nooccupation
Professional Commercial Skilled Farmers Servant* Laborers
lis 12S 126 127 128 129 130 131
1898 229,299 90,569 1,347 5.959 33.145 16,243 23.656 52,531
1897 230,832 91,624 1,732 7,159 33,161 22,560 23,739 46,198
1896 843,267 123.196 2,824 6,174 46,807 29,251 38,926 91,262
1895 258,536 92,193 2,029 5,314 43,844 18,055 35,960 61.430
1894 286,681 113,247 1.791 6,033 49,786 21.762 29,653 56,732
1893 439,780 209,767 2,362 837 51.145 34,070 (') 114,296
1892 679,668 266,832 2,932 2,683 63,128 51.630 (») 171,483
1891 660,319 248.635 3,431 11,340 54,951 36.398 32,596 167,290
1890 455.302 196,770 3.286 7,802 44,540 29.296 28,625 139,365
1889 444,427 208,761 2,815 7.369 50,457 28,962 30,220 111,809
1888 546,889 248,900 8,860 7,597 59.985 29.335 27,810 170,278
1887 490,109 224,078 2,882 8,032 52,403 30.932 27,510 140,938
1886 334,203 157,952 2,078 6,287 36,522 20,600 20,198 86,853
1885 395,346 211,780 2,097 6,707 89,817 27,585 20,213 83,068
1884 518,592 277,052 2,284 7,691 55,061 42,050 24,249 106,478
1888 603,322 322,318 2,450 8,280 62,505 39,048 27,988 136,0711882 788,992 402.835 2,992 10,102 72,664 61,888 23,010 209,605
1881 669,431 855,670 2,812 9,371 66.457 58,028 19,342 147,816
1880 457,257 217,446 1,778 7,916 49,929 47,204 18,580 106,012
1879 177,826 81,772 1,639 6,202 21,862 19,907 6,804 36,8971878 138,469 62.622 1,510 4,475 16,631 14,843 6,157 26,656
1877 141,867 68,316 1,885 4,667 21,006 13 , 188 5,158 26,4821876 169,986 71,111 2,400 4,963 24,200 14.536 6,493 38,847
1875 227,498 106,728 2,426 6,029 33,803 16,447 10,579 46,8771874.. 818,339 156,122 2,476 5,641 88,700 28,775 12,427 66,8961873 459,803 289,307 2,980 7,698 48.792 36,983 16,259 104.428
1872 _ 404,806 213,969 1,905 7,156 44,967 38.159 11,108 85.9341871. _ 821,850 172,216 2,247 5,558 33,577 27,042 18,814 65,936
1870 387,203 207,174 1,831 7,189 85,698 36.656 14,261 84,577
1869 352,768 181,453 1,700 8,837 33.345 28,102 10.265 88,649
1868 282 , 189 150,983 1,398 8,556 82,197 23.046 6,561 59,151
1867 _ 842,162 182,794 2,288 14,706 44,097 32,626 7,715 57,419
1866 _ 359,957 202,456 2,242 15,827 41,091 30,802 8,883 58,629
1865 ._ 287,399 161,580 1.748 12,700 36,522 20,012 9,281 45,247
1864 _. 221,536 106,656 1,120 9,473 26,542 18,837 15,628 48,041
1863. _ 199,811 99,039 1,173 7,590 24,155 12,348 9,103 46,198
1862 114,468 62,860 788 7,774 11,986 9,265 8,688 17,752
1861 112,702 60,760 668 7,688 11,601 11,668 739 19.413
1860 - 179,691 93,925 792 11,207 19,342 21,742 1,416 31,268
1859 155,509 78,228 868 12,495 24,628 16,328 1,281 21,696
1858 144,906 71,320 662 10,217 18,742 20,506 1,142 22,317
1857 271,982 158,963 570 12,114 26,062 84,702 1,322 43,249
1856_ 224,496 180,647 462 11,101 18.797 24,722 1,748 37,019
1855 230.476 117,603 780 14,759 17,463 34,698 2,598 42,580
1854 460,474 235,216 699 15.173 86,468 87,188 3,357 82,373
1858 400,982 223,390 722 12,782 20,806 56,322 3,938 83,022
1852 — 897,343 223,861 572 11,502 27,176 68,023 942 75,267
1861 474,398 257,376 938 14,983 36,297 59,095 8,738 101,976
1850.. 315,834 188,931 918 6,400 26,369 42,873 3.203 46,640
1849 299.683 157,657 972 3,508 32,021 89,675 3,671 62,179
1848 229,483 118,528 617 3,407 24,706 31,670 4,438 46,223
1847 239,482 126,005 708 4,218 25,895 43,594 3,198 35,869
1846 158,649 91,132 592 4,189 13,250 27,944 3,349 18,193
1846 119,896 65,055 542 5,049 10,857 19,849 2,492 16,552
1844.. 84,764 49,843 755 3,960 9,476 9,831 1,174 9,7251843 56,529 32 , 842 578 3,226 6,098 8,031 418 6,346
1842 110,980 60.526 744 4.976 14,553 12,966 1,264 15,951
1841 87,805 46,197 541 5,267 11,111 12,348 923 11,423
1840 92,207 47,305 481 5,311 10,811 18,476 183 9,640
1839 74,666 87,985 584 5,692 10,026 12,410 99 7,870
1838 45,159 24,627 459 4,005 6,675 6,667 42 3,6841887 84,959 62,011 522 8,893 8,483 10,835 120 9,0951886 80,972 50,684 472 3,379 8,879 8,770 39 8,749
1885 48,716 28,736 487 3,875 6,005 6,117 599 2,8971834 , 67,948 45,906 561 8,021 7,190 7,160 1,236 2,874
1883 59,925 80,944 469 4,913 12,800 6,618 82 4,1091832 61,654 83,840 176 5,424 10,333 8,502 56 3,3231831. 28,880 15,218 188 2,368 2,383 2,685 115 928
1830. 24,837 19,363 136 1,427 1,745 1,424 22 7201829 24,613 15,535 252 2,661 2,579 1,264 337 1,885
1828 30,184 18,066 831 2,328 3,868 2,542 421 2,628
1827 21,777 12,416 262 2,076 3,066 2,071 186 1,761
1826.. 13,908 7,478 190 1,943 2,129 1,382 70 716
1826... 12,858 7,031 204 1,841 1,416 1,647 69 650
1824 _ 9,627 4,965 187 1,926 1,237 918 13 881
1823 8,265 4,247 179 1,427 1,268 800 6 838
1822 8,549 4,302 151 1,431 1,897 834 20 414
1821. 11,644 6,670 204 1,441 1,533 1,249 94 453
1820 10,811 6,836 106 933 1,090 874 139 334
1 For 1820-1867 i i returning citizens. '-Servants included with "miscellaneous" (series C 132).
61
C 133-138 MIGRATION
Series C 133-138. Immigrants, by Age: 1820 to 1957
[For yean ending as follows: 1820-1832, ending Sept. 30; 1833-1842, ending Dec. 31; 1844-1860, ending Sept. 30; 1851-1865, ending Dec. 81; 1867-1957, ending June 80.For intermediate periods, see footnotes]
Total
Under 16years
16 to 44yean
45 and
Number 1Percentmale
over
133 1S4 135 136 137
326,867821,625
47.648 6
80,14074,429
207,664206,770
89,06340,426
287,790208.177170,434265,520206,717
47.146.942.946.648.3
61,82945.10537,01664,51844,028
156,001135,731110,860159,788121,828
29,96027,84122,55841,21939,871
249,187188,317170,570147,292108,721
47.842.739.686 526.1
50,46882,72824,09518,88111,09?
162,858123,340112,453101,45985,797
46,86132,24984,02227,00211,882
88,11928,55123.72628,78151,776
85.140.041.441.746.4
5,6454,0928,1798,7107,982
25,482'18,511> 15,282•17,629•80,747
6,992'5,948•5,264•7,542•18,047
70,75682,99867,89550,24486,329
47.847.544.143.140.7
9,60212,20410,1818,8266,925
•45,026
54,23547,06833,90728,391
•16,128
16,56910,6468,0116,018
34,96629,47023,06886,57697,139
40.141.140.039.141.8
6.8936,8894,1316,78117,820
22,55718,98715,03322,90567,100
6,5066,0943,9045,890
12,719
241,700279,678307,255835,175804,488
48.4 40,77747,93649,68051,68947,347
177,059207,990230,832254,574228,627
28,86423,75826,74828,91228,614
60.864.067.966.0
294,814706,896522,919309,556805,228
55.559.958.848.4
60,722132,26491,81668,710146,613
213,980613,788383,960210,164687,965
29,61260,84447,14335,68270,65065.8
430,001141.132110,618
57.659.055.9
81,89026,87821,849
307,58997,34176,098
40,52217,41818,171
Under14 yean
14 to 44yean
45 andover
296.408298.826
59.161.0
47,46747,070
214,616220,821
33,32030,935
826,7001,218,4801,197,892838,172878,687
57.265.667.563.264.9
52,982158,621147,158113,700117,887
244,472981,692986,355678,480714,709
29,24678,16764,87945,99246,041
1,041,570761,786782,870
1,285,3491,100,785
70.769.264.872.469.6
120,60988,393112,148138,344186,278
868,810624,876630,671
1,100,771913,955
62,75188,51740,05146,28460,507
1,026,499812,870867,046648,748487,918
70.667.671.671.967.9
114,668109,150102,43174,06862,662
866,419667,165714.053539,254896,616
66,41246,56540,66235,42628,840
448,672811,716
67.862.6
54,62443,983
370,382248,187
28,66619,645
Under15 yean
15 to 40yean
Over40
229,299230.832343,267
59.268.561.9
88,26738,62752,741
164,905165,181254,519
26,12727,02486,007
279,948314,467602,917623,084660,819
57.659.368.862.463.2
38,28941,75557,89289 , 16796,879
238,543258,162419,701491,889406,843
13,11614,56025,82442,07868,597
Year
Total
Number >Percentmale
Under 15yean
15 to 40yean
Over 40
133 134 136 186 137
455,802 61 9 86,404 815,064 68,844444,427 59 t 92,534 303,885 48,058546,889 63 2 97,287 396,990 52,612490,109 62 6 94,278 345.575 60,256334,203 60 1 66,188 232,118 85.897
396,346 67 3 92,880 267,651 44,916618,592 59 6 123,562 385,572 59,458603,322 60 3 143,865 390.406 69,051788,992 63 2 171,021 540,677 77,294669,431 61 4 168,480 454,495 61,456
467,257 62 9 87,154 827,662 42,441177,826 62 9 84,654 122,731 20,541138,469 62 3 24,285 95,938 18,246141,857 64 9 28,754 100,366 17,787169,986 66 8 27,875 121,784 20,877
227,498 61 5 44,254 154,621 28,623818,339 60 4 63 , 578 199,840 49,921459.803 60 0 104,672 288,272 66,859404,806 59 3 90,510 268,213 51,088321,350 59 3 71,148 210,866 39,836
887,208 60 8 89,129 250,965 47,109352,768 60 9 79,808 232,397 40,568282 , 189 (•)
6257,687 188,859 86,193
342,162 0 65,335 236,017 40,810185,892 62 7 27,011 112,692 18,034
287,899 69 9 46,524 176,501 82,190221,535 59 4 41,912 151,711 27,778199,811 60 1 37,438 142,009 20,108114,463 58 4 20,641 80,726 12,888112,702 67 1 18,878 81,615 11.221
179,691 68 6 28,620 188,919 16,795155,509 68 2 24,670 114,110 16,116144,906 67 8 25,914 102,921 15,545271,982 53 9 50,648 177,093 22,808
224,496 67 8 42,732 141,986 19,906
230,476 68 8 58,045 151,440 25,155460,474 67 6 100,013 312,301 47,377400,982 66 7 87,381 267,876 44,568397,343 68 8 90,274 246,076 48,394408,828 67 7 89,241 274,869 44,072
65,670 62 2 13,825 43,699 7,621315,384 62,543 181.468 26,085299,683 60 0 67,831 200,899 80,679229,483 68 9 53,218 161,148 23,066239,482 67 9 57,161 156,627 20,800
168,649 57 5 86,878 108,268 17,160119,896 67 7 26,182 79,448 12,05984,764 56 0 19,918 54,745 8,65556,529 67 4 14,980 34,606 5,197
110,980 61 0 25,616 74,499 9,709
87,806 61 5 19,782 68,864 8,69092.207 64 2 21,727 62,461 7,65674,666 64 0 15,167 51,063 7,20145,169 63 3 8,822 28,718 6,74884,959 68 4 16,014 54,312 8,421
80,972 63 8 16,665 54.738 8,14148,716 62 0 10,685 82,412 5,43167,948 67 8 16,883 42,811 6,81859,925 67 5 17,425 35,002 4,8567,303 66 6 1,946 8,774 426
64,361 16,486 81,069 4,27828,880 64 4 7,040 13,598 1,86824,837 72 5 2,878 6,847 1,17824,518 65 2 8,686 11,603 1,76480,184 65 4 8,117 18,397 8,086
21,777 71 7 8,905 14,089 2,14818,908 70.9 2,261 10,026 1,28112,858 74.2 1,826 9,392 1,1519,627 80 1 94 6,660 1,1068,265 79 0 17 5,314 984
8,549 77 6 51 5,480 956
11,644 74.2 170 7,047 1,396
10,811 69.8 1,818 6,064 1,518
1890.1889.1888.1887.1886.
1885..1884.1883.1882.1881.
1880.1879.1878.1877.1876.
1876.1874.1878.1872.1871.
1870.1869..1868.1867.1866 «.
1866.1864.1863.1862.1861.
1860.1869.1858..1857.1856..
1856..1854.1858..1852.1851.
1850 >.1850.1849..1848.1847.
1846.1846.1844.1843 •
1842.
1841..1840..1839.1838-1837.
1836-1835.1884-1883.1832*
1832 ..1881.1880.1829.1828.
1827.1826.1825..1824.1823-
1822.1821.1820.
1 For 1820-1867 includes returning citizens.' For yean 1940-1944, figures in series C 186 include,
exclude, immigrants 45 yean old.1 Not reported.
and those In series C 137
4 6 months ending June 80.1 8 months ending December 31.1 9 months ending September 80.
62
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 139-155
Series C 139-151. Annual Quota and Aliens Admitted, by Classes: 1925 to 1957
[For years ending June 30]
Annual
Immigrants
Total Quota 1
Nonquota
Spousesand
children ofU. S.citizens
Natives
of WesternHemispherecountries 1
Other •
Nonimmigrants
TotalTemporary
visitorsTransitaliens
Students
Foreigngovernment
andinternational
officials
Returningresidentaliens
139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
154,857154,657
164,657154,657154,657154,277154,277
154,206153,929153.929153,929153,879
153,879158,774158,774153,774153,774
153,774158,774158,774163,774153,774
153,774158,774153,831153.831153,714
153,714164,667164,667164,667164,667164,667
326,867821,625
287,790208,177170,434265,520206,717
249,187188,817170,570147,292108,721
88,11928,55123,72528,78151,776
70,75682,99867,89550,24486,829
84,96629,47023.06835,57697,139
241,700279,678807,256336,175804,488294,814
97,17889,310
82,23294,09884,175194,247156,547
197,460113,04692 , 52670,70129,095
11,6239,3949,04614,59736,220
51,99762,40242,49427,76218,675
17,20712,4838,22012,98354,118
141,497146,918153,231158,070157,432146,971
32,35931,742
80,88230,68922 , 54319,31511,462
16,27585,85436,83088,73949,267
3,0781,302876
1,2622,122
5,4747,043
10,2629,6368,824
9,2287,8916,6589,49017,264
32,10530,24525,67818,36111,0617,169
113,488124,032
94,27480,52661,09948,40835,274
33,23836,39437,96885.64029,502
22,82817,61418 , 52212 , 59612,686
11,98512,22314,37912,1528,066
7,7478,2377,5499,461
21,287
63,14797,548123,534147,899184,805189,389
83,84276,541
30,4022,8642,6173,5502,434
2,2148,0233,2462,212
857
690241283
326848
1,3001,330
760794764
774859641
3,6424,470
4,951•4,967•4,812•11,345
1,6901,796
758,858686,269
620,946566,613485,714516,082465,106
426,887447,272476,006366,305203,469
164,247113,64181,11782,457
100,008
188,082185,333184,802181,640164,570
144,766134,434127,660139,295183,540
204,614199,649193,376202,826191,618164,121
537,760471,969
401,090363,764306,716356,351814,206
287,794299,083284,983214,658134,826
107,72948,68927,70025,13534.660
65,32588.30979,84089,45573,813
61,63349,83836,89940,46555,636
70,82364,81064,58160 , 50856,61435,326
107,39966,214
71,30178,52667,68477,89972,027
68,64081,615124,78096,82581,124
28,17434,85631,90628.30518,749
36,30444,11545,14631,82226,671
24,93123,68722,69328,67832 , 169
27,99127,77627,25728,31225,57422,697
80.76028,018
27,19225,42513 , 5338,6187,855
9,74410,48111,91411,0035,855
866643021368766
2,0442,1822,4511,8281,515
1,8771,048
877147272
552561517624
1,8781,397
34,90482,299
82,29128,69630,61427,40426,407
18,98518,44520,88120,32017,689
18,05423,63016,32812,0389,269
7,4487,7776,2216,4935.312
6,1944,3634,0532,9663,961
5,3265,2735,3404,7695,6381,930
•10,617
52,136
61,44255,88750,39744.98044,212
40,90336,98432,46422,81818,806
6,8964,7454,10215,46286,246
26,10642,19650,26651,22847,166
60,88554,92862,46066,87991,201
99,056100,87994,36895,50283,74464,617
1 Includes persons admitted under the Displaced Persons Act of 1948, as amended,of whom there were 39,899 in 1949, 132,677 In 1950, 97,960 in 1951, 119,982 in 1952,5,128 in 1953, 5,235 in 1954, and 1,098 in 1965. In addition, between 1949 and 1953,inclusive, 4,157 displaced persons were admitted as nonquota immigrants.
• Includes spouses and children.
' Includes persons admitted under the Refugee Relief Act of 1963, of whom therewere 821 in 1954, 29,002 in 1955, 75,473 in 1956, and 82,444 in 1957.
* From 1953 on includes, among others, exchange aliens, of whom there were 12,684in 1963, 15,260 in 1954, 16,077 in 1955, 17,204 in 1956, and 17,849 in 1967; and temporary workers and industrial trainees of whom there were 3,021 in 1953, 7,479 in 1954,9,750 in 1966, 17,077 in 1956, and 16,866 in 1957.
• Figures are incomplete because of documentary waivers.
' Does not agree with source; adjusted to conform to definitions used in later year*.
Series C 152-155. Aliens Deported, Voluntarily Departing, and Excluded: 1892 to 1957
[For years ending June 30]
Total
152
68.46188,188
247,7971,101,228906,286728,959686,718
679,105296,337217,555214,648116,820
80,76039,44916,15410,61310,988
16,64817,79218,65317,61717,446
Deported
153
5,0827,297
15,02826,95119,84520,18118,644
6,62820,04020,87118,66314,376
11,2707,1794,2078,7094,407
6,9548,2029,2758,8299,196
Volun-
154
63,37980,891
232,7691,074.277885,891708,778678,169
672,477276.297197,184195,880101,945
69,49032,27011,9476,9046,631
8,6949,5909,2788,7888,251
Aliens
155
9071,709
2,6673,3135,6475,0505,647
5,2565,5417,1187,4352,942
2,8411,6421,4951,8332,929
6,3006,4988,0668,0767,000
Year
1985..1984..1933..1932..1931..
1980..1929-1928..1927..1926..
1926..1924..1928. .1922..1921..
1920—1919..1918—1917—1916-
1915-1914—
Aliens expelled
Total
152
16,29716,88980,21230,20129,861
28,01888,79631,57126,67410,904
9,4956,4093,6614,3454,517
2,7623,0681,5691,8532,781
2,5644,610
Deported
153
8,3198,87919,86519,42618,142
16,68112,90811,62511,66210,904
9,4956,4093,6614,3454,617
2,7623,0681,5691,8532,781
2,5644,610
Voluntarily
departing 1
154
7,9788,01010,84710,77611,719
11,88725,88819,94615,012
Aliens
155
6,5585,3845,5277,0649,744
8,28818,12718.83919,75520,550
25,39080,28420,61913,73118,779
11,7958,6267,29716,02818,867
24,11133,041
Year
191819121911
19101909190819071906
19061904190319021901
19001899189818971896
18961894
deported
153
3,461 19,9382,456 16,0672,788 22,349
2,695 24,2702,124 10,4112,069 10,902
996 18,064676 12,482
845 11,879779 7,994647 8,769465 4,974363 8,516
356 4,246263 8.798199 8,030263 1,617288 2,799
177 2,419417 1,889677 1.068687 2,164
1 First in 1927.
63
C 156-170 MIGRATION
Series C 156-157. Aliens Departing: 1908 to 1957
[For years ending June 80]
19571966
19551954195319521951
19501949194819471946
Emigrant
27,59824,58620,87522,50118,143
Emigrant
156
7,4425,6695,1077,86817,115
21,46126,65125,21026,73685,817
88,88489,77180,081
Non-emigrant
157
85,92078,74058,61567,18971,862
144,703174,758197,404197,846157,467
150,216137,401163,721
Year
19321931
19801929192819271926
19251924192319221921
Emigrant
103,29561,882
50,66169,20377,45773,36676,992
92,72876,78981,450198,712247,718
Non-emigrant
184,362229,084
221,764183,295196,899180,142150,768
132,762139,956119,136146,672178,313
Year
19201919191819171916
19151914191319121911
191019091908
EmigrantNon-
emigrant
156
288,315123 , 52294 , 58566,277129,765
204,074303,338808,190333,262295,666
202,436225,802395,073
1 Series discontinued.
Series C 158-170. Aliens Naturalized, by Sex and Place of Former Allegiance: 1907 to 1957
[For years ending June 30, except as noted]
1957..1956..
1955..1954..1953.1952..1951..
1950..1949..1948..1947..1946..
1945..1944..1943. .1942..1941..
1940..1939. .1938..1937..1936..
1985..1934..1988..1982..1931..
1980..1929..1928..1927..1926..
1926..1924..1928..1922..1921..
1920..1919..1918. .1917..1916..
1916..1914..1918..1912..1911..
1910..1909..1908..1907 '
Declarations
15,91112,870
10,8659,100
23 . 558111,46191,497
93,52764,86660,18787,77128,787
31 , 19642,368115,664221,796224,123
203,636156,691150,673176,196148.118
136,624108,07983,046101,345106,272
62,188280,646254,588258,295277,589
277,218424,540296,636278,611803,904
299,076891,156342,283440,651209,204
247,968214,104182,096171,138189,249
169,848146,745137,67178,668
Aliens naturalized
Totalnatural
ized
138,043» 145,885
'209,526•117,831
92,05188,65554,716
66,34666,59470,150
'93,904'150,062
'281,402' 441,979'318,933270,364277,294
285,260188,813162,078164,976141,265
118,945113,669113,363136,600143,495
169,877224 , 728233,155199,804146,381
162,457150,510146,084170,447181,292
177,688217,368161,44988,10487,881
91,848104,14583,56170,31056,683
89,44838,37425,9757,941
Sex
Male
60,28964,962
95,85054,47734.65728,59718,711
25,74527,86583 , 14752,99876,296
< 116,691< 202,698< 157,663112,040136,348
182,406113,93492,04197,69686,777
82,18282,46578,29395,901106,716
120,672167,665181,875165,833121,561
188,881186,739189,078
Female
77,75480,923
118,67663,35457,39460,05836,006
40,60138,72937,00840,90678,766
' 114,711'239,281• 161,2<0
158,324140,946
102,85474,87970,03767,28054,488
36,76381,20485,07040,69986,780
48,80557,06351,28038,97124,770
18,67614,7716,011
Place of former allegiance 1
NorthwesternEurope
162
25,87828,188
46,25331,08523,23823,68817,069
20,26020,78218,83427,01741,772
67,997114,801122,708117,607
96,375
78,85762,43066,35968,00264,852
44,60639,48140,79539,12338,466
38,91550,55446,05937,29328,317
29,00*28,78029,107
CentralEurope
47,65647,186
62,55728,34126,67625,93311,864
13.94614,47117,49524,22046,802
82,196189,80486,36571,76286,122
75,02459,63651,35965,78947,289
89,66438,85987,06843,33448,041
56,54072,26772,11165,59249,696
55,26255,91656,112
EasternEurope
164
18,06221,017
22,7957,8485,4405,3923,485
4,8005,2446,1507,281
14,481
28,94848,38242,01241,58635,844
29,14622,20919,80918,97014,781
11,82511,47612,54414,88417,428
24,04633,65284,96227,89923,158
23,16423,84822,897
SouthernEurope
15,76214,200
23,96516,02413,50713,3608,603
12,20011,71613,05915,66130,336
51,629122 , 63861,75831,04751,819
47,23640,45232,23529,16922,194
21,17120,34919,49824,85127,793
37,48153,23463,98955,92438,760
31,67132,23228,392
Asia
166
7,54810,412
16,00012 , 1704,9663,7492,886
4,8024,9937,201
11,7413,460
2,5455,5926,1332,0751,844
1,6231,3811,8111,290
901
760703706676822
1,4451,334
ft
CanadaOther
America
168
8,97710,795
16,8217,2105,1814,5483,827
4,1333,6073,1834,6767,144
8,59011,0999,8666,2475,249
3,9302,7091,9761,7101,220
087896780721
651664606455283
290270
Allother
169
3,2692,558
4,4942,0912,7401,9811,210
823434368
3,3086,077
4,498163914041
44462946
28
1,9051,972
« 2,867« 2,784
> 3,185' 4,6891 6,482
7,9046,049
6,0614,2002,030
1 See text for list of countries.' Includes 1,425 in 1948, 6,496 in 1944, 5,666 in 1946, 2,064 in 1946, 6,870 in 1947,
2,981 in 1964, 2,689 in 1965, and 2,236 in 1956, in various theaters of war or areas occupied by American Forces. No provision for naturalization in these areas for 1948-1963.
' Included in Northwestern Europe as part of British Empire.
* Data are from records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and do notagree with source quoted. Source excludes Armed Forces overseas whereas the datashown here include Armed Forces overseas.
' Includes 469 in 1928, 601 in 1929, 842 in 1980, 818 in 1981, and 489 in 1932 naturalized in outlying possessions, country of former allegiance not specified.
• Included in "All other."
' September 27, 1906, to June 80, 1907.
64
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 171-217
Series C 171-184. Citizenship Status of the Population: 1890 to 1950
[Prior to 1920, the citizenship inquiry of the Population Census was restricted to males 21 years old and over. 1950 figures based on 20-percent sample; therefore differ fromsimilar Beries based on complete count]
AU ages
Foreign-bora population
21 years old and over
Foreign-born population
YearTotal
populationNative
population Naturalized
HavingNo
paper*
Unknownciti
zenship
Totalpopulation
Nativepopulation Natural
ized
HavingNo
papers
UnknownTotal first
papersTotal first
papers
citi
zenship
BOTHSEXES
171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 ISO 181 182 183 184
1950 150,216,110131,669,275122,775,046105.710,620
139,868,716120,074,379108,570,89791,789,928
10.347.39511.594,89614,204,14913.920,692
7,562,9707.280,2657,919,5366,489,883
0)924,524
1,266,419
(') 2,784,425834,979499,853801.476
96,732,90083.996,62972,943,62460,886,520
86,712.45072,703,80859.607.27148,200,127
10,020,46011.292.82113,386.35312,686.893
7,466,4457,159,6437,681,6816,218,801
(')910,416
1,237,2551,197,698
(') 2,554,005797,786471,241740,138
1940 2,555,1284,618,3415.406,780
2,424,9763,946,1764,529,756
19301920 1,222,553
MALE
1950 74,200,08566.061,59262,137,08053,900,43147,332.27738,816,44832,237,101
68,941,83069,939,94554.489.99046,224,99639.664,52933,186,258
6,258,2556,121.6477,647,0907,675,4357,667,7485,630,190
4,033,0704,187.0274,365,4083,449,547
(')581.713965,942
1,137,021
0) 1,225.185394,836244,035393,825
47,137,46042.004,816,37,056,75731,403,370,26,999,15121,134,29916,940,311
42,045,23036,035,22829,887,78024,389.77620,218,98716.124,01312,591,852
5.092,2805,969,5887,218,977!7,063,5946,780.2145,010,2864,348,459
3,981,8954,076,2074,247,7043,320,2263,038,3032,848,8072,545,753
(')574,296939,875
1,119,982671,521412,271236,061
P)942,855
1,800,2962,259,3102,390.4261,014,2191,189.452
1,110,335376,230231,103864,076779,964734,989377,193
1940 1,008,0712,081,7102,695,042
1930
191019001890
FEMALE
1950 76,016,0251
65,607.683'60,637,966!51,810,189
70,926,88560,134.43454,080,90745,564.932
5,089,1405,478,2496,657,059,6,245,257
3,529,9003,143,2383,554.1333,040,336
(')342,811310,47765,532
(■) 1,559,240440,143255,818407,651
49.595,44041,991,813;35,886,867129,483,1601
44,667,22036,668,58029,769,49123,860,351
4,928.2205,323.2336,117,37615,622,799!
3,484,5508.083.4363,438,9772.898.575
(')836 , 120297,88077,716
(') 1,443,670421,556240,188
1940 1,547,0572,436,6312,711.738
1,482,1212,145,8812,270,446 . 876,062
1 Not available.
Series C 185-217. Native White Population of Foreign or Mixed Parentage, by Country of Origin of Parents:
1900 to 1950
[1940 figures based on 5-percent sample; 1950 on 20-percent sample]
SeriesNo.
Country of origin of parents 1950 1940 1930 1920 1900
185
186187188189190191192193194195196
197198199200201202203204
207208209210211212213214215216217
Total
England and WalesScotland
Northern IrelandIreland (Eire) ■Norway
SwedenDenmark 1NetherlandsBelgiumSwitzerland -France- _ —
GermanyPolandCzechoslovakiaAustriaHungiryYugoslavia
U. S. S. RLithe- nia
FlnlrndRumania
Greece
ItalySpainPortugalOther Europe
Asia - .Canada-FrenchCanada-OtherMexicoOther AmericaAll other and not reported
23,589.485
1 ,443,230463.32529,890
1,891,495652,380864,695318,710272,53585,500
215,660253,665
3,742,6151,926,015705,890816,465437,080239,920
1,647,420249,825172,870130,100
195,2363,148,405
69,490117,675128,030239 , 525519.495
1,468,325891,980101,240157,800
23,157,580 25,902,383 22,686,204 18,897,837 15.646,017
1,466,900446,540270,820
1,838,920662,600856,320806,640261,32076,400
205,680246 , 120
3,998,8401,912,380664,620781,840371,840222,300
1,569,360229,040167,080131,760
163,4202,971,200
61,700114,06075,660183,260635,020
1,231,020699,22091,980
245,220
1,890,051545,268517,167
2,841,712752,246967,453349.668280,83382,897
260,993336,373
264,289073,615890,441583.734316,318257,979516,214245,689178,058147,060
129,2252,756,453
52,30597,917101,662152,347735,307
1,323,617583,42275,22096,960
1,864,345514,436
[ 8,122,013
701,096888,497320,410249,33968,961
257,341288,350
5,346.0041,303,351
m'1,235,097
•538,518
(')
\ 1,508,604
152,16164,776
52.0831,751,091
137,284
C)562,360,279,245253,17651,259
176,407
1,822,264484,699
3,304,015
609,068752,695256 , 175188,01546,222
217,459226,059
6,670,611726,924
(')716,753215,295(•)
775,654
85,67226,934
9,985771,645
74,548
2562,709
1,088,112162.95930 , 16974,196
1 Includes Iceland prior to 1930.* Included with "Ail other and not reported."
* Included with Austria and Hungary.* Areas as defined in 1910.
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