Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.
-
Upload
nigel-wells -
Category
Documents
-
view
226 -
download
0
Transcript of Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.
![Page 1: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Historical Geology
Lecture 25
The Pleistocene Epoch and
Human Origins
![Page 2: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Historical GeologyOutline
I Pleistocene TimelineA. NebraskanB. KansanC. IllinoisanD. Wisconsin
1. Extent2. Great Lakes3. Lake Bonneville4. Lake Missoula
a. Channeled Scablands
II Climate ControlsA. GeographyB. AlbedoC. Milankovitch Cycles
III Glacial Cycles and Sea LevelIV The Origin of Humans
![Page 3: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe QuaternaryPleistocene Ice Ages
Wisconsin 75,000 – 10,000
Illinoian 265,000 - 125,000
Kansan 435,000 - 300,000
Nebraskan 1,800,000 - 500,000
![Page 4: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe QuaternaryLast Glacial Maximum
![Page 5: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Quaternary
Ice Ages - Wisconsin
![Page 6: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe QuaternaryIce Age Geology
Glacial Subsidence
Loess Deposits
Pluvial Lakes
Lake Agassiz
Great Lakes
Lake Bonneville
Lake Missoula
Scablands
Drainage System
![Page 7: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe QuaternaryIce Age Geology - Pluvial Lakes
![Page 8: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Quaternary
Ice Ages – Lake Agassiz
![Page 9: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Quaternary
Ice Ages – The Great Lakes
![Page 10: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Quaternary
Ice Ages – Lake Bonneville
![Page 11: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Quaternary
Ice Ages – Lake Missoula
![Page 12: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Quaternary
Ice Ages – Lake Missoula
![Page 13: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Quaternary
Ice Ages - Wisconsin
BeforeAfter
• Before the ice age rivers drained predominanly to the northeast, but due to the presence of a large continental ice sheet new rivers to the sea were formed.
![Page 14: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Historical Geology
Geography
Ocean Currents
Albedo
Earth's Orbit
Climate Controls
![Page 15: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Historical Geology
Eccentricity
Obliquity
Precession
Climate ControlsOrbital Forcing
![Page 16: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Historical GeologyClimate Controls
Orbital Forcing - Eccentricity
![Page 17: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Historical GeologyClimate Controls
Orbital Forcing - Obliquity
![Page 18: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Historical GeologyClimate Controls
Orbital Forcing - Precession
![Page 19: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Historical GeologyClimate Controls
Orbital Forcing - Cumulative Effect
![Page 20: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Historical GeologyThe Cenozoic Era
Sea Level and Glacial Cycles
![Page 21: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Historical Geology
10
20
30
40
50
60
CEN
OZ
OIC
Mill
ions
of
years
ago
Present
loss oftree-dwellingexistence
binocular visionopposable digits
tree-dwellingexistence
TREE SHREWS
PROSIMIANS
NEW WORLDMONKEY
OLD WORLDMONKEY
ORANGUTANS
GORILLAS
HUMANS
CHIMPANZEES
Primate Evolution
![Page 22: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Historical Geology
![Page 23: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Historical GeologyTimeline of Human Evolution
Australopithecus afarensis
![Page 24: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Historical GeologyTimeline of Human Evolution
Homo erectus
![Page 25: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Historical GeologyTimeline of Human Evolution
Homo neanderthalis
![Page 26: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Historical Geology
Brain Size
Erect Posture and Bi-pedalism
Hands
Face and Eyes
Teeth and Jaws
Throat and Larynx
Sexual Dimorphism
Neoteny
Human Characteristics
![Page 27: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Historical Geology
Brain Size
L to R: A. afarensisH. erectusH. sapiens sapiens
Human Characteristics
![Page 28: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Historical GeologyHuman Characteristics
Bipedalism
![Page 29: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Historical GeologyHuman Characteristics
Bipedalism
![Page 30: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Historical Geology
Hands
FaceandEyes
TeethandJaws
Throatand
Larynx
Human Characteristics
![Page 31: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Historical Geology
Sexual Dimorphism Neoteny
Human Characteristics
FemurA. afarensis3.5 mya
SkullA. robustus
SkullH. habilis2 mya
![Page 32: Historical Geology Lecture 25 The Pleistocene Epoch and Human Origins.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697bfeb1a28abf838cb7bc9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Historical GeologyHumans Populate the World