Hip Joint Orthopaedic Tests Orthopedics DX 611
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Transcript of Hip Joint Orthopaedic Tests Orthopedics DX 611
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Hip Joint Orthopaedic Hip Joint Orthopaedic TestsTestsOrthopedics DX 611Orthopedics DX 611
James J. Lehman, DC, MBA, DABCOUniversity of Bridgeport College of Chiropractic
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Hip AnatomyHip Anatomy
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PalpationPalpation
Point tenderness Edema Symmetry
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Hip ROMHip ROM
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Hip Contracture TestsHip Contracture TestsThomas TestThomas Test
Supine passive hip flexion
Contralateral hip and knee flexion indicates a positive test for hip contracture
Evaluate rectus femoris tightness
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Hip Contracture TestsHip Contracture TestsRectus Femoris Contracture Rectus Femoris Contracture
TestTest Involuntary extension
of flexed knee with tightness in rectus femoris indicates a hip flexion contracture
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Hip Contracture TestsHip Contracture TestsPiriformis TestPiriformis Test
Piriformis pain with resisted abduction of hip indicates tight piriformis
Sciatic pain indicates nerve compression
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Piriformis SyndromePiriformis Syndrome Palpation of piriformis
may produce local and/or sciatic distribution pain
Palpation at spinal nerve root may be negative for pain
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Hip Contracture TestsHip Contracture TestsEly’s Heel to ButtocksEly’s Heel to Buttocks
Prone heel to buttocks
Ipsilateral pelvis rising from table indicates hip flexion contracture or tight rectus femoris
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Hip Contracture TestsHip Contracture TestsOber’s TestOber’s Test
for TFL or ITBfor TFL or ITB
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Ober’s TestOber’s Test
Failure to descend smoothly indicates a positive test for contracture of the TFL or ITB.
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Trochanteric BursitisTrochanteric Bursitis
Palpation Patrick’s Positive finger point Laguerre’s
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Degenerative Hip Degenerative Hip DiseaseDisease
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Degenerative Hip Degenerative Hip DiseaseDisease
Patrick’s Trendelenburg’s Scouring’s Laguerre’s Difficult to palpate
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Patrick’s TestPatrick’s TestFABERE & Figure of 4FABERE & Figure of 4
Flexion Abduction External rotation
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Patrick’s TestPatrick’s Test
Compresses femoral head into acetabulum
Positive test with pain in hip, which indicates an inflammatory process
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Trendelenburg’s TestTrendelenburg’s Test Standing flexion of hip Downgoing of
contralateral hip is a positive test
Indicates contralateral gluteal motor weakness and/or hip pathology
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Anvil TestAnvil Test Percussion of
calcaneus compresses hip joint
Positive test with pain, which indicates fracture or hip pathology
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Congenital Hip DysplasiaCongenital Hip Dysplasia
Flattened acetabular cavity permits dislocation or subluxation of the femur head.
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Congenital Hip DysplasiaCongenital Hip Dysplasia
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Barlow’s and Ortolani’s Barlow’s and Ortolani’s ManeuversManeuvers
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Barlow’s TestBarlow’s Test Identifies unstable hip that lies in the
reduced position but can be passively dislocated (and hence unstable)
Less than 2% of infants will have a positive Barlow test
90% will normalize with no treatment after 9 weeks
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Barlow’s Test ProcedureBarlow’s Test Procedure Hips are examined one at a time Hip flexed & thigh adducted, while pushing
posteriorly in line of the shaft of femur, causing femoral head to dislocate posteriorly from acetabulum
Dislocation is palpable as femoral head slips out of acetabulum
Diagnosis is confirmed with Ortolani's test
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Ortolani TestOrtolani Test Identifies dislocated hip that can be
reduced in early weeks of life A positive test requires active treatment If hip remains dislocated (for weeks),
limitation of abduction becomes more consistent clinical finding
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ProcedureProcedure Examine one hip at a time Flex infant's hips & knees to 90 degrees Thigh is gently abducted & bringing femoral
head from its dislocated posterior position to opposite the acetabulum, hence reducing femoral head into acetabulum
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Positive Ortolani TestPositive Ortolani Test
Palpable & audible clunk as hip reduces
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Ortolani TestOrtolani Test
With time, it becomes more difficult to reduce femoral head into acetabulum, and the Ortolani test becomes negative
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Pavlik HarnessPavlik Harness
An infant with DDH and a negative Ortolani sign would not be a good candidate for a Pavlik harness
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Congenital Hip DysplasiaCongenital Hip DysplasiaDDHDDH
Also known as Allis’ test
It is not used to evaluate functional leg length deficiency
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End of Hip Orthopaedic End of Hip Orthopaedic TestsTests
Adios amigos…