Hinduism
description
Transcript of Hinduism
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Hinduism
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Origin/FounderHinduism is a collection of religious beliefs that developed over time.
Unlike other religions, Hinduism can not be traced to one founder with a single set of ideas.
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Basic Beliefs
Reincarnation – the process of an individual soul or spirit being born again
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Basic Beliefs
Moksha - Goal of a Hindu’s life- Released from reincarnation and united with Brahman
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Basic Beliefs
Henotheistic – all gods are part of Brahman (the supreme god)
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Holy Books
Vedas - collection of hymns and prayers Upanishads are written as discussion between student and teacher. They explore how a person can get rid of desires and suffering and reach moksha.
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Major god(s)
- Brahman - Supreme God- Creates, maintains, destroys, and re-creates the universe (cycle)- Everything is a part of Brahman including atman, or the human soul
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Other Gods - Believe all gods are all an aspect of Brahman - Vishnu - Shiva - Brahma
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Important Traditions/Customs
Karma: - the total of good and bad actions - ones good/bad actions will affect their placement into their next life
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Important Traditions/Customs
Caste System- reinforced through Karma and reincarnation- your caste would determine all aspects of life
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Important Traditions/Customs
Brahmins/Priests
Kshatriyas/Rulers & Warriors
Vaishyas/Peasants & Traders
Shudras/Laborers
Untouchables
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Important Traditions/Customs
Dharma - Holy duty or moral responsibility- “The right thing to do”
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Important Traditions/Customs
-Pilgrimage to the Ganges river to cleanse or purify them.
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Where is Hinduism today?
- Mostly stayed in India-Some in SE Asia
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Buddhism
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OriginsSiddhartha Gautama is the founder of Buddhism (563-483 B.C.)
Originated in India
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Basic Beliefs
Reincarnation was the cycle of rebirth until one reached nirvana
Nirvana/Enlightenment - release from selfishness and pain
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Holy TextsFour Noble Truths - explained what he discovered in his enlightenment, how to end suffering. Eightfold Path - how you achieve enlightenment
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4 Noble Truths1) Everything in life is
suffering. 2) The cause of all suffering
is people’s selfish desire for the temporary pleasures of this world.
3) The way to end suffering is to end all desires
4) The way to overcome such desires and attain enlightenment is to follow the Eightfold Path, which is called the Middle Way between desires and self-denial
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Major Gods
Rejects the idea of many gods
Some sects believe that Buddha was a god
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Important Traditions/Customs
Sangha - religious community of Buddhist monks and nuns Rejected the Caste System Many followers were laborers and craftspeople.
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Where is Buddhism today?
Missionaries spread Buddhism throughout Asia (China, Japan, Korea)
Was not widely accepted in India because of the rejection of the caste system