H I G H WA Y RESEARCHNUMBER 38General Report on Road Research Work Done In India during 2010-11IRC HIGHWAY RESEARCH BOARDPrice ` 80.00 (Packing & Postage Extra)RECORDWRITTEN COMMENTS ON THIS HIGHWAY RESEARCH RECORD ARE INVITEDEdited and Published by the Secretary, IRC Highway Research Board, New Delhi - 110 011Printed at : India Offset Press, A-1, Mayapuri Industrial Area, New Delhi-110 064(i)CONTENTSPage No.INTRODUCTION 1EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2I. PAVEMENT ENGINEERING & MATERIALS 9 1. FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS 9 SUMMARY 9 A. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 10 1. Development of Fly Ash Waste Plastic Composite for Construction of 10 Bituminous Roads 2. Laboratory Study to Determine the Suitability of Fly Ash and Marble Dust as 10 Mineral Filler in Micro-Surfacing Mixture 3. Laboratory Evaluation of Warm Mix Additives 12 4. Feasibility Study on Use of RoadCem for Use in Situ Stabilization of Soil 12 5. ZycoSoilNanotechnologyMultilayerWaterproofngTreatmentofSoiland 13 Asphalt Concrete in Road Construction 6. Zycosoil Nanotechnology Application in Leh Road, BRO 14 7. Evaluation of Bituminous Layers Bond Strength 14 8. Penetrative Preservation Installation Project NH8 Beawar to Gomti 15 9. Use of Fly Ash in Construction of Bituminous Road Surfacings 16 B. ON-GOING / COMPLETED PROJECTS 16 1. Use of Coir Geotextiles in Road Construction 16 2. Resource Mapping of Road Construction Materials in Kerala - Phase II 17 Pathanamthitta District 3. Study on the Use of Waste Plastic for Road Construction in Urban Areas 17 4. Development of Cold Mix Technology for Structural Layers of Flexible Pavement 18 in Different Climates 5. Performance Evaluation of Bituminous Concrete Surfacing Laid with SBS 19 ModifedBitumen(PMB-40)onNH-1,NearDelhi 6. Repair of Potholes and Patching using Jetpatcher and Infrared Recycling Patcher 20 7. Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Asphalt Mixes and Performance Evaluation of 20 Shell Thiopave Test Sections 8. Development of Methodology for Commissioning and Site Acceptance Test (SAT)' 21 of Heavy Vehicle Simulator (HVS) Type of APTFISSN 0970-2598(ii) 9. Development & Design of Thin Stone Matrix Asphalt (TSMA) Mixes as Preventive 21 Maintenance Treatment 10. Development of Improved Quality Bituminous Binders through Polymer 22 Incorporation, Laying and Monitoring of Test Sections C. R & D ACTIVITY REPORT BY CONSULTANCY FIRMS/CONTRACTORS/ 23 CONCESSIONAIRES 1. Design & Construction of Sub-Grade & Base Pavement Layers with Soil Stabilized 23 Base Course (SSB) for Lighter and Durable Highway Crust for Township Road at M/s. Sasan Power Limited, Sasan, Madhya Pradesh (2nd Year) 2. Nano Polymer Base Stabilization of NH-1 Stretch on Panipat-Jhalandhar Section 29 from km 96.000 to km 387.000 in the State of Haryana & Punjab, 3. Village Road to Jhenjhari Joining State Highway Road of Durg to Dhamda under 31 PMGSY, Chhattisgarh 2. RIGID PAVEMENTS 36 SUMMARY 36 A. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 37 1. Technical Feasibility Studies on Geopolymer Based Building Blocks/Pavers 37 2. Study on Suitability of Synthetics Fiber Reinforced Concrete for the Construction 37 of Concrete Pavements B. ON-GOING / COMPLETED PROJECTS 38 1. R & D Studies on Performance Evaluation of Rigid Pavements on High Density 38 TraffcCorridorsUsingInstrumentationSupportedbyLaboratoryTests 2. Effect of Bottom ash from Thermal Power Stations as an alternate to Fine Aggregate 38 in Cement Concrete 3. A Study on Dry Lean Concrete Containing Portland Pozzolana Cement 39 3. PAVEMENT EVALUATION AND PERFORMANCE 40 a. PAVEMENT EVALUATION 41 SUMMARY 41 A. PROJECT REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 42 1. Evaluation of Master Plan Roads (60 m & 45 m ROWs) in Dwarka and Needed 42 Remedial and Improvement Measures 2. Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of New Materials and Mixes 43 TowardsDevelopmentandUpgradationofStandards/Specifcations 3. Evaluation of Kosi- Nandgaon-Barsana-Govardhan Road and Needed Remedial 43 Measures (iii) 4. Investigation to Determine the Likely Causes of Pre-mature Distress in Road Section 45 on NH-58 and Needed Remedial Measures B. ON-GOING / COMPLETED PROJECTS 47 1. Development of National Document /Guidelines on the Use of Weigh-In-Motion 47 System in India for Axle Load Monitoring 2. Development of Management System for Maintenance Planning and Budgeting of 48 High Speed Road Corridors (Supra Institutional Project) 3. Investigation to Determine and Ascertain the Causes of Distress and Suggest Remedial 49 Measures for Runway Pavement at Jaipur Airport b. PAVEMENT PERFORMANCE 51 SUMMARY 51 A. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 52 1. Applications of Rhinophalt Preservative and its Performance Evaluation on Three 52 Toll Roads (Trial Stretches) in Rajasthan and Gujarat States B. COMPLETED PROJECTS 52 1. Design of Flexible Pavements for Optimum Performance in Fatigue and Rutting 52 Characteristics Using KENLAYER c. INSTRUMENTATION 55 SUMMARY 55 A. ON-GOING PROJECT 56 1. Upgradation of Road Geometrics and Road Condition Evaluation System 56II. GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING 57 SUMMARY 57 A. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 58 1. Feasibility Study of Jarosite Waste Materials (from Chanderia & Debari) in 58 Construction of Embankment and Sub grade 2. Study on Stabilisation of Black Cotton Soil with Lime and Rock Dust 58 3. Experimental Test Track Construction with Cement Stabilisation 59 4. Feasibility Study of Super Fine Copper Slag in Land Filling and Road Construction 59 5. Guidelines for Stabilization of Hill-Rock Slopes 60 6. Guidelines on Management of Landslides on the Indian Roads and Highways 61 7. Design and Performance Monitoring of Test Road Constructed Using C&D Waste 62(iv) 8. ExperimentalTestTrackConstructionUsingJarofxWasteMaterial 62 9. Guidelines for Soil and Granular Material Stabilisation Using Cement, Lime & Fly Ash 62 10. Typical Problems for Drainage System on Roads and their Remedial Measures 63 B. ONGOING/COMPLETED PROJECTS 64 1. Detailed Geological & Geotechnical Investigation, Instrumentation and Monitoring 64 of Amparav Landslide, Uttarakhand State 2. Demonstration Project on Use of Jute Geotextiles in PMGSY Roads 65 3. Preparation of Guidelines for Construction of Roads, Culverts and Bridges in 65 Cyclone Prone Areas 4. Instrumentation and Monitoring of Kaliasaur Landslide on National Highway-58 66 (Network Project with SERC) 5. Design and Execution of Soil Nail Wall System for the Stabilisation of Railway 67 Embankment for the Construction of Underpass Using Box Pushing Technique Under the Existing Railway Line Near Apsara Border, Dilshad Garden 6. Soil Nailing Technique for Facilitating Construction of Underpass by Box Pushing 67 Technique at Western Approach of Old Yamuna Bridge 7. Design and Execution of Soil Nail Wall System for the Stabilisation of Railway 68 Embankment for the Trenchless Crossing of 1700 mm Diameter MS Pipe Below Railway Track Near Old Steel Bridge Near Yamuna Bazaar, Delhi. 8. Problem of Landslides on Dimapur-Kohima-Maram Road (National Highway-39) 68 in Nagaland and Manipur States: (Supra Institutional Project) 9. Protection of Unstable Cut Slopes along Approach Roads and Railway Lines and 69 Stabilization of the Proposed Dumping Sites 10. Design of Road Embankment In Submerged/Flood Affected Border Areas Of Bhuj, 69 Gujarat 11. Validation of Slope Protection Works of Zirakpur-Parwanoo Four Laning Project 70 (Himalayan Expressway) 12. Preparation of Guidelines on Recommended Practice for Treatment of Embankment 70 and Hill Slopes For Erosion Control C. R&D ACTIVITY REPORT BY CONSULTANCY FIRMS/CONTRACTORS/ 71 CONCESSIONAIRES 1. Evaluating In Situ Performance of Neoweb Novel Polymeric Alloy (NPA) Geocell 71 Reinforcement for Service Roads on Expansive Clay at Govind Dairy Factory, PhaltanIII. BRIDGE ENGINEERING 73 SUMMARY 73 A. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 74 1. Long-Term Performance Assessment of Masonry Arch Bridges under Dynamic 74 Loading Conditions(v) 2. Development of Structural Health Monitoring Schemes for Civil Engineering 74 Infrastructure in India using Smart Sensing Technologies 3. Study on Corrosion Susceptibility of Steel Reinforcement Protected with Anti-Corrosive 75 Coatings / Special Treatments on Ordinary and High Performance Concrete B. ON-GOING/ COMPLETED PROJECTS 75 1. Mathematical Modeling for Repaired Concrete Structures 75 2. StudiesonVibrationCharacteristicsforDamageidentifcation 76 3. Development of a Critical Infrastructure Information System in GIS Environment 77 for Maintenance of Bridges on National and State Highways 4. Development of One Prototype of the Bridge Inspection Unit 78 5. Creation of Complete Range on Independent Testing Facilities for Expansion 79 Joints at Central Road Research Institute (CRRI) (B-34 Research Scheme) 6. Rehabilitation of Sultanpuri Bridge at RD 21260m on Supplementary Drain, Delhi 80 7. Strengthening Measures for Kalimati Bridge, Jamshedpur 80 8. Assessment of Load Carrying Capacity of a Bridge at Koteshwar HE Project, Uttarakhand 81IV. TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION 82 1. PLANNING & MANAGEMENT 82 SUMMARY 82 A. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 83 1. Preparation of Computerized Inventory of Roads for Peravoor and Kuthuparamba 83 Block Panchayaths in Kannur District 2. Integrated Development of Transport Infrastructure for an Emerging Town 83 Kottarakkara Grama Panchayath in Kollam 3. TraffcandTransportationStudiesfor23townsinKeralaState 84 4. TraffcandTransportationStudiesforCochinCoimbatore,IndustrialCorridorin 85 Kerala and Tamil Nadu States 5. Evaluation of Predictive Accuracy of Urban Transport Studies in Selected Towns of 87 Kerala 6. A Study of Para Transit Services for Selected Cities in Kerala 88 7. Design of Rotary at Englishia Intersection 89 8. TraffcStudyforPreparationofTransportSystemManagementPlanforMajor 90 Corridors of Lucknow (Comprehensive Mobility plan of Lucknow) 9. ComprehensiveTraffcandTransportationStudiesofGoa 90 B. ON-GOING/COMPLETED PROJECTS 90 1. TraffcMedicine-AStatusProject 90(vi) 2. Preparation of Parking Policy for nine TIER II Cities in Karnataka, i.e. Mangalore, 94 Mysore, Hubli-Dharwar, Bellary, Belgaum, Gulbarga, Bijapur, Tumkur and Davangere 3. StudyonTraffcManagementandParkingSpacesforFairsatPragatiMaidan,NewDelhi 95 4. DesignandDrawingof10IntersectionswithComprehensiveTraffcCirculation 96 Scheme Around CBD within New Town, Kolkata 5. Planning and Design of Grade Separator at Crossing of Road No. 56 & G.T. Road 96 near Apsara Border in Delhi 6. Construction of Road Under Bridge (RUB), Connecting Road No. 58 & 64, passing 97 under Delhi Ghaziabad Railway Line near Jhilmil Colony, Delhi 7. Consultancy Services for Formulation of Master Plan for National Network of 98 Expressways in India 8. Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Indore Urban Area 100 9. Detailed Project Report for Mumbai Metro Phase II & III: Mahim BKC 101 Kanjur Marg via Airport 10. Feasibility Study for Elevated Rail Corridor from Churchgate to Virar in Mumbai 102 11. Technical Consultancy for Preparation of Detailed Project Report for 3 - Metro 102 Corridor in Kolkata 12. Constraints in Developing West Coast Canal in Kerala Case Study of National 103 Waterway No.III 13. Computation of Price Index for Auto and Taxi Operations (PIATO) 104 14. Pre-Feasibility Study for Improving Road Connectivity to Kannur Airport 105 15. Development of GIS Based National Highway Information System 105 16. EvaluationofOperationalEffciencyofHighwayNetworkUsingTravelTime 106 Reliability Measure 17. ApplicationofGeographicalInformationSystem(GIS)inTraffccongestion 107 Management 18. Modelling of Driving Cycle for Road Network Development Plan in Urban Area and 108 Suburban Area Applying GPS A Case Study in NCR 19. Travel Time Related Performance Measures for Evaluation of Sustainable Road 108 Transportation System 20. Evaluation Study on Use of On-Site Visualization Method for Monitoring of Safety 109 Management at Construction SiteIV. TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION 111 2. SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT 111 SUMMARY 111 A. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME 112 1. ImpactofPostingScientifcSpeedLimitsonNationalHighways-CaseStudyof 112 Thiruvananthapuram-Kollam section of NH-47(vii) 2. DevelopmentofRoadSafetyStrategyandGeneratingAwarenessonTraffcand 113 Road Safety - Package VII (Phase-II) B. ON-GOING / COMPLETED PROJECTS 114 1. PedestrianBehaviourUndervariedTraffcandSpatialConditions(CSIRSponsored) 114 2. Safety Audit for Development period of the 6-Laning of ChilakaluripetVijayawada 114 Section of NH-5 from km 355.00 to km 434.150 in the State of Andhra Pradesh to be Executed as BOT (Toll) on DBFO Pattern under NHDP (length 82.5 km) 3. Safety Audit for Development & Construction period for Package No. 1 6-laning 115 of Gurgaon Kotputli Jaipur section of NH-8 (NHDP V) under PPP on DBFO basis (Total length 231.0kms) 4. Study on Ambient Air Quality and its Contribution to Climate Change in Kerala 116 5. Distracted Driving in Simulated Environment: Present Challenges and Mitigation 117 6. Micro Simulation based Driving Cycle in Delhi City for Sustainable Transportation 118 SystemV. RESEARCH PROJECTS RELATED TO THESIS FOR POST - GRADUATION/Ph.D. 119 A. PAVEMENT EVALUATION AND PERFORMANCE 119 1. Finite Element Analysis of Flexible Pavements 119 2. Evaluation of IRC Method and Effect of Bituminous Mixtures on Pavement 119 Performance Using M-EPDG 3. Experimental Investigations and Modeling of Rutting of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures 120 4. Forensic Investigations on Pre-mature Rutting on a National Highway Pavement 121 B. TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION 122 1. StudiesonSafetyPerformanceofTwo-laneRuralHighwaysunderMixedTraffc 122 2. StudyofHeterogeneousTraffc-FlowCharacteristicsonUrbanArterialsinthe 123 Light of Energy Consumption and Environmental Impact. 3. Study on the Effect of Geometric Design Consistency on Level of Safety on 124 Inter-City Roads 4. ReliabilityBasedOptimalRoutingandTraffcAssignmentinStochastic 125Transportation Networks 5. EvaluationofTurnLanesatSignalizedIntersectioninHeterogeneousTraffc 126 using Microscopic Simulation Model 6. To Assess the Impact of Information Communication and Technology on Travel for 127 Shopping Purpose 7. Transport Strategies and Development Measures for a Green City of Baruipur, 128 West Bengal 8. Impact of Metro on Mobility Patterns in Metropolitan City-Case Study: Delhi 130 9. Role of PPP in Urban Transport Infrastructure Development of Gurgaon 131(viii) 10. Mobility Strategies for Inclusive Development of Urban Poor: A Case Study of 131 Faridabad 11. Transit Oriented Development along an Urban Arterial - A Case Study of Delhi 132 (Indraprastha Estate, ITO) 12. Impact of Mobility Hub on Urban Arterial Road Network, Case study, Kochi 133 13. Development of Road User Cost Equations for High Speed Corridors 133 14. Speed-Flow Characteristics and Roadway Capacity of Multi-Lane Highways 134 15. Probabilistic Models for Prediction of Road Crash Occurrence and Crash Severity on 135 High speed Corridors 16. Development of Steady State Fuel Consumption Models for Different Vehicle 135 Types on High Speed Corridors 17. Development of Congestion Cost Equations for High Speed Corridors 136 18. Impact of Lane Change Behaviour on Capacity of Multi-Lane Highways using 137 Microscopic Simulation 19. Evaluation of Roadway Capacity of Multi-Lane Highways under Varying Terrain and 138 LaneChangeBehaviorusingMicroscopicTraffcSimulation 20. Critical Evaluation of Free Speed Characteristics and Development of Vehicle 139 Operating Cost Models for High Speed Corridors in India 21. Evaluation of Relationships Between Pavement Distress Parameters 140 22. Modeling Travel Time Variations of Urban corridors 141 23. Accessing Road Compaction Impact on Life Cycle Cost of Road Projects 142 Using HDM-4 24. EvaluationofTurnLanesatSignalizedIntersectioninHeterogeneousTraffc 143 using Microscopic Simulation Model 25. Study of Merging at Urban Uncontrolled Major-Minor Road Intersections under 144 HeterogeneousTraffcConditions 26. TravelTimeandCongestionAnalysisunderHeterogeneousTraffcConditions 145 27. TraffcModelingunderHeterogeneousTraffcConditions 146 28. InfuenceofCrossRoadsandFringeConditionsonTravelTime 147 29. Departure time and Route Choice Modelling for Work Trips 147 30. Study of Arterial Congestion Using Global Positioning System and Geographical 148 Information System 31. Planning for Safe Movement along Linear Intercity corridor 148 32. Safety Along Urban Arterial Roads: Case Study - Delhi 149 33. EstimationofTravelTimeandDelayinUrbanArterialsunderIndianTraffcConditions 150 34. Crowd Behaviour of Pedestrians arriving at Railway Station 151 35. DevelopmentofMethodologyforJustifcationforProvisionofExclusiveBusLanes 151 on Urban Roads(ix) 36. ApplicationofDynamicTraffcAssignment(DTA)underIndianTraffcConditions 153 37. TraffcDataFusionunderIndianTraffcConditions 153 38. Analysis of Interrelated Activity and Travel Patterns 154 39. EstimationofOrigin-DestinationMatricesforDynamicTraffcAssignmentModels 154 40. DynamicTraffcAssignment(DTA)underMultipleVehicleClasses 154 41. Routing Algorithms on Stochastic and Time Dependent Networks 155 42. Analysis of Delays Along Signalized Urban Corridor 155 43. Modelling Overtaking Sight Distance and Risk Assessment on Two-Way 156 Highway Midblock 44. Modelling Driver Behaviour at Signalized Intersection 157 45. IdentifcationofMissinglinksbasedonTravelDemandforCalicutUsingTransCAD 158 46. School Bus Routing Using TransCAD - A Case Study 159 47. TraffcMonitoringUsingGSMTechnology:AnEmergingOpportunityforATIS 160 ACkNOWLEDGEMENTS 163 LIST OF ORGANISATIONS 164 APPENDIX - PROFORMA SHEET FOR REPORTING R&D WORk 165 FOR THE GENERAL REPORTGENERAL REPORT ON ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-2011INTRODUCTIONHighway Research Record No.38 describes the General Report on Road Research Work done in India during the year 2010-2011. This document has been prepared by compiling the progress of research work reported by 16 Research Organisations and Academic Institutions in the country. The names of reporting organizations have been listed at the end of the report. As the General Report on Road Research is intended to provide information on research works carriedoutundervariousresearchprojects,worksreportedonroutineinvestigationsandlaboratory/feldtestinghavebeen omitted from the document.As per the classifcation, the entire material has been divided into four sections, namely, Pavement Engineering& Paving Materials; Geotechnical Engineering; Bridge Engineering andTraffc &Transportation Engineering.Theprojectsineachsectionarefurtherclassifedintotwobroadcategoriesnamely(i)ProjectsReportedFirstTime,i.e.,New Projects and (ii) Ongoing Projects/ Completed Projects. The research works carried out as a part of Master and Doctoral thesis in the Academic Institutions have also been reported separately in Section V of the report.The research work in each section has been reported as per the standard Proforma for the three broad categories of projects. The proformae alongwith other related information are given in Appendix.Each sectional report begins with a brief overview in the form of summary followed by a few salient points towards channelising the discussions during the presentation of the report in the IRC Annual session.2 GENERAL REPORT ONEXECUTIVE SUMMARYIn the General Report on Road Research Work done in India for the year 2010-2011, published as Highway Research Record No. 38, the research work done by 16 organisations on various aspects has been reported. The report has beencompiledbyCRRI.TheR&Dworkreportedunderthefollowingfvemajorareasandtheresearchworkdonein Academic Institutions related to the thesis work is reported under Section V: 1. Pavement Engineering and Paving Materials2. Geotechnical Engineering3. Bridge Engineering4. Traffc&TransportationEngineering1. Pavement Engineering and Paving MaterialsIn this chapter projects related to Flexible Pavements, Rigid Pavements, Pavement Evaluation, Pavement Performance and Instrumentati on have been reported.1.1 Flexible PavementsThis subsection deals with projects reported in the Flexible Pavement area related to design, construction and materials. CSIR-Central Road Research Institute reported twelve projects. The significant projects pertain to use of fyash in construction of bituminousroad surfacing, development of cold mix technology for structurallayersoffexiblepavement,performanceofbituminousconcretesurfacinglaidwithSBSmodifedbitumen, repair of potholes and patching using different techniques/machines, evaluation of asphalt mixes containing thiopave. The developments and design of thin stone matrix asphalt for maintenance of fexiblepavements, and warm mixes for bituminous road construction. Guidelines have been developed for bituminous Macadam, Semi dense bituminous concrete and Mix seal surfacing using cationic bitumen emulsion. Studies on use of chemical additives for improvement of engineering properties of sub grade are also reported by different organisations.National Transport Planning and Research Center reported fndings of studies on coir jute geotextileand plastic waste in road construction. The resource mapping of available road construction materials in Kerala is also reported as a ongoing project. Feasibility study on use of Road Cem for insitu stabilization of soil has been completed. From the durability test, it is concluded that the resistance to effect of water on strength is enhanced by use of 0.1 percent additive in cement stabilization. Two projects related to water proofing treatment of bituminous pavement are reported.Studiesindicatedsignifcantimprovementinproperties of soil as well as bituminous mixes. Studies have been carried out on performance of crumb rubber, SBS and EBA modifed bitumen. Laboratory studieson warm mix additives indicates that the addition of 0.5 percent additive by weight bituminous mix can lower the mix laying temperature by 40C to 50C. Successful installation and feld calibration of State-of-Art Accelerated Pavement Testing Facility, Heavy Vehicle Simulator is also reported by CSIR-CRRI.1.2 Rigid PavementsResearch works reported in the area of Rigid Pavements relate to technical feasibility studies on Geopolymer based building blocks/ pavers, R&D studies on the performance evaluation of rigid pavements on high densitytraffccorridorsusinginstrumentationsupportedby laboratory tests ( in continuation of the earlier work reported), study on the properties of concrete incorporating bottom ash/pond ash as a replacement offneaggregate,studyonsuitabilityofsyntheticsfberreinforced concrete for the construction of concrete pavements, study on dry lean concrete containing portland pozzolana cement and suitability of oil well drill cuttings (Assam assets) for road making.1.3 Pavement EvaluationResearch works reported in this area include projects on structural and functional evaluation of pavements and pre-mature distress / failure investigations for road and airfeld pavements. Completed projects includeInvestigation to determine and ascertain the causes of distress and suggest remedial measures for runway pavement at Jaipur Airport.On-going projects include Development of National Document /Guideline on the Use of Weigh-In-Motion System for Axle Load Monitoring. Development of ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 3national guideline on the use of WIM System for axle load monitoring on Indian Highways would assist Enforcement authorities to decide the appropriate WIM system to be used at various locations towards controlling overloading on Indian Highways which would economize on road maintenance and rehabilitation costs, minimize road accidents, and bring about improved road safety. ProjectsreportedforthefrsttimeincludeEvaluationofMaster Plan Roads (60 m and 45 m ROWs) in Dwarka and Needed Remedial and Improvement Measures; Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of New Materials and Mixes towards Development and UpgradationofStandards/Specifcations;EvaluationofKosi-Nandgaon-Barsana-Govardhan Road and Needed Remedial Measures and Investigation to Determine the Likely Causes of Pre-mature Distress in Road Section from km 72.600 to km 105 on NH-58 and Needed Remedial Measures.Research projects for Thesis work include Finite Element Analysis of Flexible Pavements and Evaluation of IRC Method and Effect of Bituminous Mixtures on Pavement Performance Using M-EPDG. Finite Element Analysis of Flexible Pavements has been carried out (i) to analyze and compare stress-strain distribution and response of pavement system by using asphalt mixes with various additives like hydrated lime and sulphur; (ii) to analyze a typical 4 layer flexible pavement structure by means of Finite Element Method, and (iii) to study the stress-strain distribution of pavement using linearized elastic theories and comparisons with Finite Element Analysis.1.4 Pavement PerformanceThis sub-section on Pavement Performance covers projects related to Design of Flexible Pavements for Optimum Performance in Fatigue and Rutting Characteristics Using KENLAYER; Modeling of Rutting of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures; and Forensic Investigations on Pre-mature Rutting on a National Highway Pavement. The study on Design of Flexible Pavements for Optimum Performance in Fatigue and Rutting Characteristics Using KENLAYER is focused on comparing the various design methods in terms of its performance by conducting damage analysis in KENLAYER and suggesting the optimum design method. Project reported for the first time include Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of New Materials and Mixes towards Development and Upgradation of Standards / Specifications; and Rhinophalt Preservative and its Performance Evaluation on Three Toll Roads in Rajasthan and Gujarat States. The study is planned to be implemented in three different phases viz. (i) Pre-Application Investigations (ii) Post-Application Investigations and (iii) Periodic Performance Monitoring / Evaluation.Research projects for Thesis work include Design of Flexible Pavements for Optimum Performance in Fatigue and Rutting Characteristics Using KENLAYER; Experimental Investigations and Modeling of Rutting of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures; and Forensic Investigations on Premature Rutti ng on a Nati onal Hi ghway Pavement.1.5 Instrumentation Research work reported in the area of Instrumentation and Micro-processor Application is an ongoing project related to Upgradation of Road Geometrics and Road Condition Evaluation System. The road surface condition evaluation involving measurement of areas of surface disintegration will form an important input to Pavement Maintenance Management Systems which is directed at coordinating and controlling pavement rehabilitation associated activities on a road network. The upgraded and validated system will help in speedy inventorisation of road network.2. Geotechnical EngineeringIn this chapter projects related to Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization, Low Grade Materials & Low Volume Roads have been reported.The projects reported in Geotechnical Engineering area relate to geological and geotechnical investigations , instrumentation & monitoring of landslides, problems of landslides, soil nailing technique for stabilisation of railway embankment for construction of an underpass using box pushing technique has been reported. In addition to the above pushing of a very large size MS pipe below a railway track using soil nailing has also been reported. A project on design of road embankment in submerged/flood affected border areas of Bhuj, Gujarat has also been reported. A new project on evaluating in situ performance of Geocell Reinforcement for Service Roads on Expansive Clay has also been reported. Another continuing study relates to Use of Jute Geotextiles in PMGSY roads. In order to mitigate and address the problems of landslides and natural disasters; following guidelines have also been prepared :4 GENERAL REPORT ONGuidelines for construction of roads, culverts and bridges in cyclone prone areas, Guidelines on Recommended practice for treatment of embankment and hill slopes for erosion control, Guidelines for stabilisation of hill rock slopes and Guidelines on management of landslides on the Indian roads and highways. The projects reported in the area of Soil Stabilization, Low Grade Materials and Low Volume roads relate to Feasibility study of Jarosite Waste Materials (from Chanderia & Debari) in construction of embankment and subgrade, Feasibility study of Super Fine Copper Slag inlandfllingandroadconstruction,stabilisationofblackcotton soil, test track construction with cement stabilised subgrade and subbase, design and construction of test roads using construction and demolition waste and Jarofx(wasteofZincindustry).GuidelinesforSoilandGranular Material Stabilisation Using Cement Lime & Fly Ash. (IRC special publication, IRC: SP: 89- 2010) have also been reported.Therearenineprojectswhichhavebeenreportedfrsttime. Twelve projects are reported under the ongoing and completed project category and one project is reported as R&D activity by the consultancy frms/contractors/ concessionaries.3. Bridge EngineeringUnder this section, four projects have been reported by CSIR-SERC, Chennai covering topics such as long term performance studies of arch bridges, technologies for structural health monitoring of bridges, vibration studies on bridges and mathematical model for repaired concrete bridges. Evaluation of performance of bridges is a major task to ensure their safety. It also helps in planning the maintenance scheme for bridges. CSIR-CRRI has reported the completion of two projects in which a bridge with distressed pier caps and a bridge with impact damaged longitudinal girders were investigated and suitable repair/strengthening schemes were suggested and implemented. In the third completed project the load testing of an old bailey bridge is reported. There are large number of distressed bridges in our country which require inspection, repair and strengthening for their efficient maintenance. An indigenously designed Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit (MBIU) is being fabricated for bridge inspection by CSIR-CRRI and CSIR-CMERI-CoEFM and the project is partially funded by DST. Also, a Critical Infrastructure Information System in GIS Environment is being developed by CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi for maintenance management of bridges. This consists of development of vari ous modul es such as Inventory Modul e, Inspection Module, and Load Carrying Capacity Module, Maintenance/Rehabilitation/Strengthening Module, Budgeting Module and Advance Decision Support System Module. For the ease of implementation, the road network of Ghaziabad District has been considered.Corrosion of reinforcement is a major cause of distress in bridges especially located in coastal areas. CSIR-CRRI has undertaken a new research scheme (B-42) sponsored by MORTH, under which corrosion susceptibility of steel reinforcement protected with anti-corrosive coatings embedded in ordinary concrete vis-a-vis steel reinforcement without anti-corrosive coating embedded in high performance concrete will be evaluated.The Creation of Expansion Joint Test Facility at CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi is another on-going Research Scheme (B-34), funded by MORTH. 4. Traffc&TransportationInthischapterprojectsrelatedtoTraffc&TransportationEngi neeri ng and Hi ghway Pl anni ng, Desi gn, Management and Performance Evaluation have been reported.4.1 Planning and ManagementThe salient features of some of the completed projects are:Out of total 29 studies reported, 11 studies were on comprehensive traffic and transportation studies of various cities further focusing on airport links, feasibility studies for cities. 7 Projects completed on investigation on various aspects of Traffc circulationand management plan at intersections, feasibility of RUB and Master plan of national highway network of Expressways in India and one on Evaluation Study on Use of On-Site Visualization Method for Monitoring of Safety Management at Construction Site. 11 On-going projectsincludestudiesoncomprehensivetraffcandtransportation studies, in addition to this, feasibility study of various public transport systems such as Metro, airport connectivity and computerized Inventory of Roads, Travel Time Related Performance Measures, Application of Geographical Information System (GIS) in Traffc congestion management and Development ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 5of GIS Based National Highway Information System was reported. Study of proposed methodology for digitized road maps with supporting data for each Grama Panchayath using the GIS format consisting of road availability, location of facilities Road level data-connecting settlements, populationbenefted,facilitiesalongtheroadinventory-length, width, surface type, settlements.Study on Integrated Development of Transport Infrastructure for an emerging Town was proposed the various strategies for improving the mobility within the region and connectivity to the existing ring road was explained.Astudyontraffcandtransportationstudiesfor23townsinKeralaStateconductedthetraffcandtransportationstudies by classifying the total 23 town into large, medium and small towns. Estimated travel demand for horizon year; and prepared short-term and long-term traffc and transportation development proposals forthe selected towns.StudyonTraffcandtransportationstudiesforCochinCoimbatore, Industrial corridor in Kerala and Tamil Nadu States.Studiedthetraffcpatternandcharacteristicsof goods vehicles passing through the study area, projected the passenger and freight traffic for the next 20 years and suggested transport infrastructure requirements for the study region.A study on evaluation of predictive accuracy of urban transport studies in selected Towns of Kerala. Studied the cross-sectional analysis of socio-economic variables suchasvehicleownership,andtravelbudgetandtraffcfowpatternofselectedtowns.Evaluatedthepredictiveaccuracy of selected variables by comparing the study forecasts with the actual / observed data in selected towns and prepared the general guidelines for realistic projectionofinputvariablesthathaveinfuencetraffcdemand forecasting.A study of Para transit Services for Selected Cities in Kerala, studied the characteristics of Para transit modes, analyzed various current issues regarding paratransit such as, Organizational set-up, policy and planning, impact on employment, co-ordination and competition, cost of service and studied behavior, characteristics and problem of paratransit drivers and developed the models to estimate the demand of paratransit.Study on design of rotary at Englishia Intersection studiedthetraffcfowpatternaroundtheintersectionand proposed a traffc management plan around theEnglishia Intersection area at Varanasi.A study on traffc study for preparation of transportsystem management plan for major corridors of Lucknow,studiedthecharacteristicsofTraffc,parkingand pedestrians and suggested the intersections improvementsandtraffcmanagementplansatselectedIntersections/locations at Lucknow.AstudyonComprehensiveTraffcandTransportationStudies of Goa proposed the short term and long term solutionsafterconductingthetraffcandtransportationstudies to reduce the congestion and the accidents on Goa road network and further to suggest the phase- wise development based on the forecasted travel demand.Study on Traffc Medicine-A Status Project basicallyenvisaged to prepare a status report of Traffic Medicine for Kerala covering emergency medical care system in Kerala giving special emphasis to Trivandrum. Prepared resource material for training NGOs and other interested persons in taking care of accident victims andadministeringfrst-aidataccidentsiteandstudiedthe present system of trauma registry in hospitals and suggest methods for improvement.A study on Preparation of Parking Policy for nine TIER II Cities in Karnataka, i.e. Mangalore, Mysore, Hubli-Dharwar, Bellary, Belgaum, Gulbarga, Bijapur, Tumkur and Davangere studied parking characteristics based on the CTTS studies available and suggested the various parking measures in addition to cap on registering a certain number of automobiles as a demand management measure.StudyonTraffcManagementandParkingSpacesforFairs at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi studied the parking requirements and various traffc management plansduring the fairs and suggested that various options oftraffcmanagementandparkingspacealternativesto reduce the congestion around the Pragati Maidan during the Fairs.A study on design and drawing of 10 intersections withcomprehensivetraffccirculationschemearoundCBD within New Town, Kolkata, taken up to study the traffc fow pattern and suggest the improvements atthe selected ten intersections at Kolkata and traffcmanagement schemes around the CBD area to reduce the congestion.A study on Planning and design of grade separator at Crossing of Road No. 56 and G.T. Road near 6 GENERAL REPORT ONApsara Border in Delhi studied the feasibility of grade separated and detailed design drawings were prepared, comprehensive scheme showing the general arrangement drawings showing the fyover, ramps,underpass and adjoining roads at proposed location have been shown. Based on this study grade separator was constructed and opened to the traffc during theCWG (Common Wealth Games-2010) at Delhi.A study on Construction of Road Under Bridge (RUB), connecting Road No. 58 and 64, passing under Delhi Ghaziabad Railway line near Jhilmil Colony, Delhi studied the feasibility of RUB and detailed design drawings were prepared and submitted to the client.Study on consultancy services for formulation of master plan for National network of Expressways in India recommend guidelines for the new expressways, ROW and facilities for pedestrians if passing through urban areas and further recommended a separate called the National Expressway Authority of India (NEAI) for functioning and execution of expressways.A study on comprehensive mobility plan for Indore urban Area envisages measures to strengthen Pedestrian movement, Junction improvement plans to ease the movement of traffc and well as pedestrians, parkingand public transport proposals.A study on detailed project report for Mumbai Metro Phase II & III: Mahim BKC Kanjur Marg via Airport workedoutthefnancialviabilityoftheproject.A study on feasibility study for elevated rail corridor from Churchgate to Virar in Mumbai is to study the feasibility of two track elevated corridor with a capacity to run 15 car, air conditioned trains for Churchgate Virar section along the existing tracks with least disturbance to existing operations, the study is under progress.Study on technical consultancy for preparation of detailed project report for 3 Metro Corridors in Kolkata to study the implementation of new metro rail corridors in Kolkata and the study is aimed to provide all necessary details to RVNL for preparing tender design andtenderdocumentsforfoatingthetenderondesignand construct basis, the study is under progress.The study on constraints in developing West Coast Canal in Kerala Case Study of National Waterway No.III suggested some measures such as taking adequate measures for effective integration of IWT and coastal shipping, integration of IWT with rail and road to improve connectivity, revival of inland vessels building subsidy scheme and operationalisation of freight subsidy scheme, formation of an inland vessel leasing company and strengthen the set up of Kerala Govt. for fulflling its obligation as a regulator underInland Vessel Act.A study on Computation of Price Index for Auto and Taxi Operations(PIATO)aimedattofndouttheoperationalcharacteristics like passenger load, passenger lead, daily collection and expenditures (fxed and V.C) ofAuto and Taxi operations in Kerala and to prepare a Price Indices for Auto and Taxi Operations (PIATO) for understanding the periodical movement of prices of operating cost, and other inputs for different types of Auto and Taxi operations. Accordingly, study suggested the Price Indices for Auto Rickshaw Operations (PIARO) other modes.A study on pre-feasibility study for Improving road connectivity to Kannur airport, based on limited surveys conducted,roughcostestimate,andfnancialanalysis,the study suggested that development to 4/6 lane standards on Public Private partnership on annuity basis is viable. Further, suggesting the Government should bear the initial cost of land acquisition and provide a viability gap funding or annuity to ensure the expected 16 percent return on investment. All other referred roads may be developed as per the existing practices and full budgetary support by the Government.As study on Development of GIS Based National Highway Information System is to develop National Highways Information System in GIS environment which is to be achieved through collection and collation of road related information both from primary and secondary sources for 50,000 km long National Highways network (except roads under NHDP), the study is under progress.A study on Evaluation of Operational Efficiency of Highway Network Using Travel Time Reliability Measures is to evaluate operational efficiency/characteristics of highway transportation system by considering various travel time reliability measures, the study is under progress. The study on Application of Geographical Information System (GIS) in Traffc Congestion Management is to frame a methodology for measurement of traffccongestion is developed and to quantify the magnitude of the congestion, the study is under progress.A study on Modelling of driving cycle for road network development plan in urban area and suburban area ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 7applying GPS A case study in NCR is to Model the driving cycles and fnd the effect of road geometry,traffc volume, speed-limit on driving cycle, the studyis under progress.A study on Travel Time Related Performance Measures for Evaluation of Sustainable Road Transportation System is to identify various performance Measures for evaluating sustainability of road Transportation System and analyse the variability of travel time under various uncertainties from demand side and supply side of the system, the study is under progress.A study on Development of Multimodal Level of Service (MMLoS) Measure for Urban Roads of India is to develop Level of Service (LOS) measure for pedestrians on intersection of Indian roads, the study is under progress.A study on Effect of Bypass Road on Traffic and Habitants along Highway is to propose various measures to control haphazard growth pattern along the Highways after identifying the performance parameters of growth and extent of ribbon sprawl along the National Highway, the study is under progress.A study on Evaluation Study on Use of On-Site Vi sual i zati on Method for Moni tori ng of Safety Management at Construction Site is to evaluate the use of On-Site Visualization (OSV) Method for Monitoring of Safety Management at Construction Site (AIIMS Metro Station). The safety awareness and consciousness among various stakeholders during construction was demonstrated.4.2 Safety and EnvironmentResearch works reported in the area of Safety and Environment relate to projects on ambient air quality, traffcemergentsituations,accident&safetyaspectsincluding safety audit of national highways at design stage and safety audit of state highways/MDR/ODR and Road user behavior, Driver simulation and Micro Simulation based Driving Cycle in Delhi City.Out of total 8 Projects reported, 2 projects are reported first time both studies relating to the safety, one on safe speed limits and second study is on Road safety audit of Punjab State Highways/MDR/ODR and Road user behaviour . Under the on-going/completed section total 6 projects are reported relating to the pedestrian studies, Road safety, Micro Simulation based Driving Cycle in Delhi City for Sustainable Transportation System, Distracted Driving in Simulated Environment and one project on study on ambient air quality and its contribution to climate change in Kerala. AstudyonImpactofpostingscientifcspeedlimitsonNational Highways - Case study of Thiruvananthapuram-Kollam section of NH-47 studied the various factors governing the speed limit for various sections of NH under study, identifcation and design of variousspeed control devices and signage scheme for such locations. It also spells out the techniques available for monitoring speed limit and traffc management.It is expected that implementation of the speed limit scheme at appropriate level, would improve the safety effcientoperationofthefacilitytothesatisfactionofthe various road users.A study on development of road safety strategy and generating awareness on traffic and road safety - Package VII (Phase-II), study frst phase covers theroad safety audit to be conducted on state highways/MDR/ODR and Road user behaviour, second phase covers based these studies road safety measures and generation of awareness plan would be disseminated and monitored along the project road stretches in Punjab. AstudyonPedestrianBehaviourUndervariedTraffcand Spatial conditions envisaged three types of crossing patterns exist in Indian conditions. These are single stage, rolling and two stage. The study shows that speed-density forms negative exponential relations for crossing facilities and speed-density relationship is exponential in all types of walking facilities except for pedestrians walking through carriageway where as it is linear. A level of service criteria was developed for crossing and walking facilities with pedestrian perception under Indian conditions.A study on Safety Audit for development period of the 6-laning of Chilakaluripet Vijayawada section of NH-5 from km 355.00 to km 434.150 in the State of Andhra Pradesh to be executed as BOT (Toll) on DBFO Pattern under NHDP (length 82.5 km) carried out the design stage audit and recommend the various safety measures at the design stage.A study on Safety Audit for Development & Construction period for Package No. 1- 6 - laning of Gurgaon Kotputli Jaipur section of NH-8 (NHDP V). under PPP on DBFO basis (Total length 231.0 km) proposed to carry out the safety audit at development stage as well as construction stage to enhance the safety during 8 GENERAL REPORT ONthe design stage as well as construction stage, the study is under progress.A study on ambient air quality and its contribution to climate change in Kerala proposed is to assess the air quality in Kerala State and develop a model for change in climatic conditions due to air pollution and formulate further preventive and control measures for abatement of air pollution. The Air Pollution Index and Wind Rose graphs are prepared after monitoring air pollutants at 55 locations. From the study results it indicates that deposition as well as the dispersion of air pollutants in the ambient air. A prediction model for change in climatic condition due to air pollution in the State will be developed, the study is under progress.A study on Distracted Driving in Simulated Environment: Present Challenges and Mitigation is to compare the behaviour of drivers risk taking practices in both distracted driving conditions and driving without distraction, the study results used to create awareness among the road users and drivers to see the consequences whichareotherwisemayprovefatalinrealistictraffcenvironment.A study on Micro Simulation based Driving Cycle in Delhi City for Sustainable Transportation System is to estimate the emissions based on real world driving cycle for Delhi, the study is under progress. 5. Research Work done in Academic Institutes related to Thesis WorkA total of 46 research works have been reported in the area of Traffc Engineering and Transportation Planning encompassing various projects focusing on traffc fow simulation, roadway capacity estimationof two lane and multi-lane highways, congestion cost studies of multi lane highways, traffc managementstudies, energy consumption of selected transport modes, road user cost equations for high speed corridors, road crash management, safety issues on inter-city roads, impact of metro on mobility patterns, Mobility Strategies for Inclusive Development, Role of PPP in Urban Transport, Transit Oriented Development on typical urban arterials, Impact of Mobility Hub on Urban Arterial Road Network and Modeling Travel Time Variations, Evaluation of Relationships Between Pavement Distress Parameters and Assessment of impact of communication technologies on shopping trips etc.Out of the 46 reported research studies, 14 are either completed or ongoing Ph.D. works and the remaining 32 are completed Masters dissertation works reported from various institutions like IIT(Madras), SPA (New Delhi), CSIR-CRRI (New Delhi), M.S. University (Vadodara), NIT (Surathkal), S.V. NIT (Surat), College of Engineering, (Thiruvananthapuram), IIT (Roorkee) and Anna University, Chennai. ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 9I. PAVEMENT ENGINEERING & MATERIALS1. FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTSSUMMARYResearch work reported under the area of Flexible Pavementincludesstudiestofndoutthepossibleutilizationoffyash,marbledustandwasteplasticsasfllerandfneaggregateinbituminousmixes.Laboratoryandfeldperformancestudies pertaining to the cold mixes, warm mixes additives for soil stabilization and use of nanotechnology based materials in pavement layers have been also reported. Some of the reported studies includes performance of use of coir and jute geotextile. Studies on use of plastic waste are also reported. Long term performance studies on use ofSBSmodifedbitumenonheavilytraffckedroadshavebeencompleted.Laboratorystudiesonthinstonematrixasphalt are also reported.Therearenineprojectswhichhavebeenreportedfrsttime.Twelveprojectsarereportedundertheongoingandcompleted project category.SALIENT POINTS FOR DISCUSSION1. Utilizationoffyash,wasteplasticandmarbledustinbituminousmixes2. Use of warm mixes in bituminous road construction 3. UseofthinSMAforpreventivemaintenanceoffexiblepavement4. Use of jute and coir based geotextile in pavements5. Use of chemical additives include nanotechnology for stabilization of soil6. Performanceofpolymermodifedbitumen7. Sustainable technologies for pothole repair & patching10 GENERAL REPORT ONA. PROJECTS REPORTED FOR THE FIRST TIME1. Development of Fly AshWaste Plastic Composite for Construction of Bituminous Roads Date of Start: March 2011 Date of Completion: March 2013 CSI R- Cent ral Road Research I nst i t ut e, New Delhi (R)Scope and ObjectivesThe objective of the project, is development of technology forutilizationofwasteplastic-fyashcompositeasfllerandfneaggregateinbituminousroadconstruction.Toachieve this objective, following scope of work have beenidentifed: Optimization of fly ash and waste plastic for development of useful composite Performance of bituminous mixes containing modifedfyash.MethodologyFollowing methodology shall be adopted to carry out study : Characterizationoffyash,pondashandplasticwaste material Optimization of fly ash and plastic waste for development of composites Characterization of composite by IR, TGA, DSC and microscopic methods Optimization of dose of FLYPLA in a SMA and BC mixes. Study of fatigue, rutting and moisture sensitivity of SMA and BC mixes Data analysis and report preparationSignifcance/UtilizationPotentialPlastic waste along with byproduct of thermal power planti.epondashwillfndpotentialforuseinbituminousroadconstructiontoreplaceconventionalfllermaterialandfveaggregate.Limitations of Conclusions/Recommendations forfurtherwork/furtherproposedworkStudy is under progress.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K. Jain, (pramodj.crri@nic.in), Chief Scientist & Head, Flexible Pavement Division CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New-Delhi-110 025.2. Laboratory Study to Determine the Suitability of Fly Ash and Marble Dust as Mineral Filler in Micro-Surfacing Mixture Date of Start: October 2007 Date of Completion: April 2010 CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New DelhiScope and ObjectivesThemajorobjectivesoftheprojectaretofndouttheviabilityofutilizationoffyashandMarbledustasmineralfllerinmicrosurfacingmix.Foraccomplishmentoftheobjectives,followingscopeofworkwereidentifed: Developmentofsuitabletypeofpolymermodifed(Naturalrubber/SBRmodifed)emulsiontomeetout the compatibility requirement with micro surfacing aggregate blend Laboratory evaluation of polymer modified emulsion, mineral aggregate and waste materials i.efyashandmarbledust Development of new formulations of micro surfacingmixwithfyashandmarbledust Determinationofoptimumcontentoffyashandmarble dust in micro surfacing mix Laboratoryevaluationofmodifedmicrosurfacingmix at varying percentage of bitumen emulsion Analysis of results Development of mix design guidelines for micro surfacing mix containing waste materials i.e fyash and marble dustMethodologyMicro surfacing is the mixture of polymer modifedbitumen emulsion, mineral aggregate, water and necessary additive (if needed). Mineral aggregate, fyash and marble dust were characterized to fnd outtheir engineering properties. Micro surfacing aggregate blend containing fyash and marble dust in varyingpercentage (by total wt. of aggregate) were prepared as pertherequirementofIRC:SP-81.Polymer modifedbitumen emulsion than mixed with the aggregate blend ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 11and prepared micro surfacing slurry were evaluated on various performance parameters given in IRC:SP-81 and ISSA A-143. Optimization of fy ash and marbledust concentration in the micro surfacing were carried out with the help of consistency, set time and wet track abrasion tests. SBR modi f i ed bi t umen emul si on can be successfully used for preparation of micro surfaci ng sl urry wi th fl y ash and marbl e dust. Micro surfacing slurry prepared with SBR modified bitumen emulsion satisfies all the requirement of quick set quick traffc mixsystem.Limitations of Conclusions/Recommendations forfurtherwork/furtherproposedworkResearch study can be further extended in to the following areas : Effectoffnecontenti.e.fyashandmarbledustover deformation characteristics of micro surfacing mix Variation in the upper limit of emulsion content with the varying concentration of fy ash and marbledust in the mix DevelopmentofemulsiferforpreparationofSBRlatexmodifedemulsion Relation between the torsional elastic recovery and ductility of residual bitumen Naturalrubbermodifedbitumenemulsionvs.SBRlatexmodifedbitumenemulsionReports/Publications1. Project report entitled Laboratory study to determinethesuitabilityoffyashandmarbledustasmineralfllerinmicrosurfacingisavailablewithCRRI.2. Interim conclusion of the project report help to develop IRC:SP-81 Tentative Specifcation forSlurry Seal and Microsurfacing.3. Satish Pandey, Dr. Sangita, Dr. N.K.S Pundhir, Microsurfacing: An Ecofriendly Bailout for Indian Roads, 11th-12th Feb.2011, presented in 8th All India People Technology Congress, Kolkata.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K. Jai n, Chi ef Sci enti st & Head, Fl exi bl e Pavements, CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New-Delhi110 025.

Percentage

passing

by

weight

SieveSizeinmmMicrosurfacingwithFlyAshuppervaluelowervalueFig. 1 Aggregate blend containing 8 percent fy ash (by wt. of aggregate)Table1DeterminationofTraffcTime and Cohesion CharacteristicsTime in MinuteTorque in kg-cmJob Mix A Job mix B Job mix C SpecifedValue15 11 14 9 12 kg-cm in 30 minute20 kg-cm in 60 minutes30 14 17 1160 21 26 18120 27 31 23180 28 33 24240 29.5 34 26InterimConclusions/Conclusions/SupportingData Marble dust can be used successfully in the micro-surfacing mix as alternate of ordinary Portland cement. Micro surfacing mix containing 6 percent marble dust by wt. of aggregate, offer better set time in comparison to Fly Ash mix. Lowcalciumfyashcannotbeusedasreplacementof OPC in the micro surfacing mix. Flyashcanbeutilizedsuccessfullyasfnesinthemicro surfacing mix. Bothmarbledustandfyashofferbettercohesionand torque resistance to the micro surfacing mix. Under wet abrasive condition mix containing fy ash and marble dust offers better abrasionresistance.12 GENERAL REPORT ON3. Laborat ory Eval uat i on of Warm Mi x Additives Date of Start: July 2009 Date of Completion (Actual): April 2010 i. MeadWestvaco India Pvt. Ltd., Pune- (I) ii. CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi (R)Scope and ObjectivesTo evaluate Evotherm additive for its ability to bring down the mixing and compaction temperature of bituminous mixes as compared to the conventional mix and to check whether it affects the other mix performance properties.Methodology Designof30-45mmthickBituminousConcrete(BC) using VG-30 grade bitumen. Warmmixadditivewasaddedtothebitumen@0.5 percent by weight of the bitumen and BC mix was designed. Various performance tests of the prepared mixwere carried out in laboratory and the behavior of Evotherm Warm Mix Asphalt was studied and compared with the conventional bituminous mix.InterimConclusions/Conclusions/SupportingData Warmmixat(150C) can be successfully laid at lower temperature as low as 100C as compared to conventional hot mix. Warmmixasphaltisabletoachievethedesiredproperties of mix like, stability, durability, workability, compaction, resistance to deformation. Reduction of the mixing and compactiontemperature by 35C. Improvedresistancetopermanentdeformation.Limitations of Conclusions/Recommendations forfurther work It is obvious that there will be an overall reduction in quantity of emission of pollutants when the mix is made at 120C than at 155C. Extensive study is required in this area to get better conclusion. Field performance studies have to be carried out to actually see and substantiate the behavior and economy of the warm mix in pavements.Furtherinformation/CopyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K. Jain, Chief Scientist & Head, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi-110 025.Phone 011-2631 1117 Fax +91 2684 5943; e-mail ID: pramodj.crri@nic.in4. Feasibility Study on Use of RoadCem for Use in Situ Stabilization of Soil Date of Start: May 2010 DateofCompletion(Targeted/Actual): December 2011 i. PowerCem Technologies, SK Moerdijk, Neitherlands(I) ii. CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi (R)Scope and ObjectivesLaboratory studi es on use of RoadCem i n the stabilization of soil Methodology Inthisstudy,engineeringpropertiesofsoilwereinvestigated. RoadCemwasusedasasoilstabilizerattherateof 0.1 percent by weight of the soil along with 10 percent cement by weight of the soil. SamplespreparedforCBR,UCSandITSweretested with and without the addition of stabilizer. Durabilitywasinvestigated TheeffectofRoadCemStabilizerwasstudiedandnecessary recommendations were made based on the test data. InterimConclusions/Conclusions/ Supporting Data The CBR values of untreated soil sample after7 days soaking period is found to be 7 percent, whereas the soil stabilized with 10 percent cement and 0.1 percent Roadcem by weight of soil indicates CBR value of 126.4 percent (7 days soaking) as compared to 122.8 percent (7 days soaking) for cement stabilized soil without Roadcem. TheUCSofuntreatedsoilafter7dayscuringisfound to be 1.07 kg/cm2. ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 13 The soil stabilized with 10 percent cementand 0.1 percent Roadcem gives 28 days curing UCS value of 26.1 kg/cm2 as compared to 25.6 kg/cm2 UCS value for cement stabilized soil without Roadcem. Theadditionof10percentcementand0.1percentRoadcem lead to increase in CBR as well as UCS value of soil. From durability test, it is observed that theresistance to effect of water on strength for soil treated with 10 percent cement and 0.1 percent Roadcem is 92 percent and as compared to 78 percent of cement stabilized soil.Recommendations for further work / furtherproposed workFull scale feld studies may be done for large scaleadoption of RoadCem technology.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K. Jain, Chief Scientist & Head, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi-110 025Phone 011-2631 1117 Fax +91 2684 5943; e-mail ID: pramodj.crri@nic.in5. Zycosoi l Nanot echnol ogy Mul t i l ayer Waterproofng Treatment of Soil and Asphalt Concrete in Road Construction Date of Start: March 2010 Date of Completion (Actual): June 2010 i. Zydex Industries, Vadodara (R,S) ii. Gujarat, Panchayat (R&B), Vadodara (R, C) iii. GERI, Vadodara (R, C, I)Scope and ObjectivesStudy on Zydex nanotechnologies and its effcacy toenhance pavement life on black cotton soil and water logged area.MethodologySoil base: Zycosoil (new name Terrasil for soil application) applied on the compacted soil layers f or maki ng wat er pr oof ed vapour per meabl e layer WBM/Carpetlayer: Prime / Tack coat using Zycosoil (new name Terrasil) solution with cationic bitumen emulsion and sprayed on WBM / Carpet layer for improved wetting, penetration, bonding and quick set.Asphalt layer: Zycosoil added in hot asphalt binder @ 0.1 percent by weight of binder and mixed thoroughly withcirculatingpump.Thehotmodifedasphaltbinder(80/100 Pen.) was mixed with heated aggregates in drum mix plant at site. InterimConclusions/Conclusions/ Supporting DataSections AD detail the findings and define the benefts/potentialapplicabilityofthetechnology.Section A: No waterproofng treatment- Bituminous surface stripped out and formed big depression with water pond, few cracks and depression were observed. Section B: Subgrade and Sub-base waterproofng- (Black top) BT surface was little bit damaged and cracks and settlement on BT surface at few places observed. Section C: Waterproofng of Subgrade and Sub-base, WBM primecoat, tack coat on carpet layer and anti-strippingadditive on carpet &wearing coat (BUSG between WBM and carpet not treated)-waterproofngtreatment in earth work and BT surface has worked perfectly.Section D: Only wearing coat is treated- no pot holes, no cracks, no depression was observed.Limitations of Conclusions/Recommendations forfurtherwork/furtherproposedworkLong term evaluation by GERI, Vadodara for 3 post monsoon years for conclusive effectiveness of the technologyInitial visual inspection in June 2011 shows no deterioration. Reports/Publications Firstpostmonsoonreportdetailingeffectivenessdocumented in year 2010, issued by Gujarat Engineering Research Institute, Vadodra. 14 GENERAL REPORT ON SecondreportexpectedbyOct2011.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromZydex Industries, 25-A, Gandhi Oil Mill Compound, Gorwa, Vadodara-390 016, Gujarat Phone +91 265 2280120 Fax +91 265 2280872, e-mail ID: info@zydexindustries.com6. Zycosoil Nanotechnology Application in Leh Road, BRO Date of Start : March 2011 Date of Completion (Actual): March 2011 i. Zydex Industries, Vadodara, Gujarat (R,C) ii. Border Roads Organisation, Leh (R,I)Scope and ObjectivesZycosoil additive mixed with hot asphalt binder for improving asphalt-aggregate bonding, eliminating moisture sensitivity (anti-stripping) and to improve compaction and workability.Methodology Zycosoil added in hot asphalt binder @ 0.15 percent by weight of binder and mixed thoroughly with circulating pump.The hot modifed asphalt binder (80/100 Pen.)was mixed with heated aggregates in drum mix plant at site. Signifcance/UtilisationPotential Laying & compaction of asphalt concrete was found to be better and no sticking was observed on the compactors roller. It took 4 passes as against 8 passes inconventional material, for same amount of compaction. Asphalt coating on aggregates found to be a very uniform coating and mixture was found shiny.Field Lab Test Report:- Stripping value at 0.1 percent to 0.15 percent dose was found 90 to 100 percent. Better bonding and improved stability laboratory test samples of Zycosoil mixed Asphalt concrete mixture. Zycosoil mixed easily in hot melted asphalt tank.Recommendations for further work / furtherproposed work Considering the life of pavements and low stripping value which happens on the mountainous snowy roads quartzite/metamorphic rock aggregates, it is strongly recommended to carry out extensive trials & long term evaluation of the pavements.Reports/PublicationsReport issued by Border Roads OrganisationFurtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromZydex Industries, 25-A, Gandhi Oil Mill Compound, Gorwa, Vadodara-390 016, Gujarat.Phone +91 265 2280120, Fax +91 265 2280872, e-mail ID: info@zydexindustries.com7. Evaluation of Bituminous Layers Bond Strength Date of Start : December 2010 Date of Completion : On-going L&T ECC, LTD (R.I)Scope and Objectives In recent times there has been a notable increase in the slippage cracks on high volume highways, expressways and runways. In runways the areas subjected to high breaking and turning have been found to be prone to slippage cracks. In highways and in particular at ghat road section with curves, top layers experiences high breaking and turning forces. The slippage cracks mainly occur due to poor bonding between the asphalt layers. The bonding between the pavement layers is achieved with application of sufficient quantity of asphalt emulsion tack coat. The lack of testing procedures to evaluate the bond strength between layers, often leads to the use of inferior quality material as binding agents leading to bond related cracks and failure. Therefore, there is a need to develop and regularize a test procedure to determine the bond strength between various pavement layers. Larsen and Toubro Construction Research and Testing Centre (LTCRTC) had taken up the task to evaluate a runway portion with slippage cracks. The bond strength between the DBM and BC layers were evaluated with the in-house developed bond strength set up. Further to study the effect of tack coats, the same set up was also used to evaluate few laboratory prepared samples. ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 15Methodology Bituminous core samples with intact DBM and BC were obtained from the distressed and non-distressed areas of the runway or a pavement. The samples were evaluated for their dimensions and density. The LTCRTC developed bond strength set up was used to determine the bond strength of the specimen. The set up had arrangement to keep the DBM part ofthespecimenfxedandtheBCportioncouldbe sheared. The BC portion was loaded circumferentially at the rate of 1mm/min till the specimen failed at the interface. The maximum load at failure is recorded and used to determine the bond strength of the specimen. Laboratory samples were also prepared using Marshall Compactor with rapid setting emulsion as the bi nder between the DBM and BC layers.Conclusions The specimens were found to fail at the interface. The average Bond strength of the core samples was found to be around 0.6 MPa. As per International practice bond strength of 1.0 MPa has been found to be adequate for critical sections of runways where as a bond strength of 0.5 MPa has been found to give good performance for highways. Samples prepared with emulsion as bonding agent were found to be dependent with minimum curing period. Some emulsions even after 28 days of curing have not improved the bond strength beyond 0.2 Mpa. Some laboratory samples have been evaluated with some mechanical interlocking grooves, which can enhance the shear strength properties at the intersection.Recommendationsforfurtherwork/furtherproposedwork Bond strength depends on climate conditions and the application process. Due to high wind and crude methods of application will not be able to yield better bond properties. Guidelines on tack coats in terms of mechanical properties will be very essential to improve the service life of highways. Further information can be obtained fromLarsen & Toubro Construction Research and Testing Centre.8. Penetrative Preservation Installation Project on NH-8 Beawar to Gomti Date of Start : October 2010 Date of Completion : On-going i. ASI Solutions plc (R) ii. ITNL (S) iii. CRRI (I) iv. Gordon Paving (I)Scope and ObjectivesThe scope is to evaluate the benefts of applying aPenetrative Preservation onto a relatively new surfaced road to extend the operational life of that road.The objectives of this project were: Carry out an installation section on a post investigatory section of new road, NH8 Beawar to Gomti, Rajastan. On-site monitoring of the Penetrative Preservation area against a control section over a range of extreme weather conditions On-site testing with laboratory evaluation of the benefts Penetrative Preservation can give inextending the operational life of that road.MethodologyTo carry out a series of site inspections to pre and post application of the Penetrative Preservation product and a series of planned site assessments, pre and post monsoon, with samples taken for on-going evaluation between the sprayed sections and the control sections. The testing ranges from: - Surfaceprofle - Bitumen analysis - Skid Resistance - Surface integrity - Hydro Conductivity - Accelerated ageing 16 GENERAL REPORT ONSignifcance/UtilisationPotential Asphalt Preservation as a Means of Reducing Carbon Footprint in the Road Construction Industry Rhinophalt Cost Comparison under Indian Conditions Case History, Beawar, Rajasthan, India, NH8 Beawar to GomtiFurtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromM/s ASI Solutions plcMobile +44(0)7841863320 Phone+44 (0) 1908246000 Fax+44 (0) 1908246000e-mail ID:paul.acock@asiplc.co.uk9. Use of Fly Ash in Construction of Bituminous Road Surfacings Date of Start and Duration : April 2009 Date of Completion (Actual) : May 2010 i. NTPC Ltd. (I) ii. CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi (R)Present Status and ProgressCompleted.Possibleutilizationoffyashasamineralfller in various bituminous surfacing i.e. bituminousconcrete (BC), Semi dense bituminous concrete (SDBC), Stone Matrix asphalt (SMA) besides micro surfacing and cold mix technology has been investigated. Laboratory evaluation of constituent materials i.e mineral aggregate, fllers, SMA additive, bitumen and bitumen emulsionwere carried out to determine engineering properties. Test samples were prepared at varying concentration of fy ash to fnd out the mechanical and engineeringproperties of bituminous mixes. Optimum concentration of fy ash and binder content in different bituminoussurface treatment has been ascertained though laboratory detailed studies.FurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingData Pondashcanbeusedasfllerforbituminousroadconstruction. Pond ash can be used upto 5 percent as partof mineral aggregate for semi dense and dense bituminous concrete. However, usage of ash may be in the range of 8-10 percent for microsurfacing and stone matrix asphalt. Optimizedmixeswithashasfllerinplaceoflimeled to about 0.2 percent lesser bitumen content, which amounts to 4-5 percent saving in bitumen consumption. Use of ash as fller in SDBC,BC and SMA mixenhance resistance to moisture sensitivity of mix as evident from higher value of indirect tensile strength ratio and retained Marshall stability, after conditioning Marshall specimen in water. Cold mix SDBC containing 5 percent ash indicates acceptable values of stability and volumetric properties. Cold mixed micro-surfacing containing 8 percent ash and 9 percent latex modified emulsion meet requirement of specification given in IRC:SP:81-2008.Limitations of Conclusions or Interim ConclusionsBituminous mixes containing ash are slightly susceptible to rutting.Recommendations for further work Full scale performance studies are needed for hot mixed SDBC, BC and SMA as well as cold mixed SDBC, BC and Micro surfacing for framing standard guidelines and specifcations.Recommendations for Discussion/ Revision ofCodes/SpecifcationsNeedofIRCGuidelinesandfullscalefeldtrials.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K.Jain, Chief Scientist & Head, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi- 110 025.B. ON-GOING/COMPLETEDPROJECTS1. Use of Coir Geotextiles in Road Construction Date of Start : April 2010 Date of Completion (Targeted) : March 2012 National Transportation Planning and Research Centre (R) ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 17Present Status and ProgressLaboratory experiments were conducted on weak soil reinforced using natural geotextiles like coir mattings with different mesh size (half inch and one inch), panama weave (commercial name given by manufacturer) and also polymeric geotextile viz. High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE). The improvements in soil properties obtained with the use of coir geotextiles were found out. It is proposed to lay test tracks and canal bank protection using biodegradable geotextiles like coir. The performance of the same will be monitored and evaluated.FurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingDataBy providing geo-textiles the CBR value of weaker sub grades could be enhanced. Thereby, the pavement layer thickness can be considerably reduced and this facilitates the construction of roads in poor sub-grade soil areas.Limitations of Conclusions or Interim ConclusionsPerformance studies have to be conducted on test tracks and canal bank protection constructed using biodegradable geotextiles like coir. The performance of the same has to be monitored and evaluated. Also studies are to be conducted regarding the useful age of these biodegradable geotextiles like coir.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDirector, National Transportation Planning and Research Centre, Sasthra Bhavan, Pattom Palace P. O., Thiruvananthapuram-695 004.2. Resource Mapping of Road Construction Materials in Kerala - Phase II Pathanamthitta District Date of Start: April 2010 Date of Completion (Actual): March 2011 National Transportation Planning and Research Centre (R)Present Status and ProgressGeo referenced maps in GIS platform is prepared for resource locations in Kollam district with attribute data containing the physical and engineering properties of the resources, geo coordinates, photos and bitmaps showing the accessibility of resource locations. Similar work is being done for other districts in Kerala. Inventory oftheaggregatequarriesinfvetaluksofPathanamthittaDistrict is completed. General data is collected and the quantum of materials available is assessed. Laboratory testing of the samples is also completed.FurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingDataIn the case of coarse aggregate, most of the samples testedhavedesirablevaluesofSpecifcGravity,Waterabsorption, Bulk density and Aggregate Impact Value. As regards to the shape of the coarse aggregates, higher values is obtained for the combined index for majority of samples showing their unsuitability for road construction purpose when compared with the present MORTH Specifcations. The properties of the fne aggregatesamples tested are within the values stipulated for construction purposes.Limitations of Conclusions or Interim ConclusionsMajority of coarse aggregates have combined index valueshigherthedesirablevaluesspecifedinMORTHindicating that they are unsuitable for construction purposes.Thesefndingscallforathoughtontheneedfor revision of the current specifcation of combinedindex values, and also for recommending these for low volume roads.Recommendations for further Work Study could be extended by relating the characteristic properties of the coarse aggregates especially the shape of the aggregates with the type and age of the crushers used for their production.Reports/PublicationsInterim ReportFurtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDi rector, Nati onal Transportati on Pl anni ng and Research Centre, Sasthra Bhavan, Pattom Palace, P.O.,Thiruvananthapuram-695 004.3. Study on the Use of Waste Plastic for Road Construction in Urban Areas Date of Start: April 2009 DateofCompletion(Targeted/Actual): March 2012 National Transportation Planning and Research Centre (R)18 GENERAL REPORT ONPresent Status and ProgressMarshal Mix design of Bituminous Concrete, Semi Dense Bituminous Concrete and Dense Bituminous Macadam using ordinary aggregate and waste plastic coated aggregate is done and the results are compared. Test stretchesareresurfacedusingmodifedmixwithplasticcoated aggregates and control section using ordinary aggregates. Periodical evaluation of the test stretches is done. Both functional and structural evaluation is done. Condition survey, roughness, skid resistance and texture depth studies were done and the results are compared.FurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingDataIt was found from the studies that the optimum binder contentgetsreducedbyusingmodifedmixinalltypesresulting in savings in bitumen. The stability increases by 1.2 times for DBM and 1.5 times for BC and SDBC. Aggregates coated with plastic waste showed zero stripping even after 72 hours of soaking. Roads laid with modifedmixshoweddelayeddistress.Limitations of Conclusions or Interim ConclusionsPerformance studies were conducted only on roads resurfacedwithmodifedmixhavingwasteplastics.Morestudies have to be conducted on roads constructed or overlaidwithmodifedmixhavingwasteplasticundercontrolled conditions.Recommendations for further WorkStudies may be extended towards providing input for evolvingguidelines/specifcationsfortheuseofwasteplastic materials in road construction and help in its effective usage thereby reducing a serious community menace.Reports/PublicationsInterim ReportFurtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDi rector, Nati onal Transportati on Pl anni ng and Research Centre, Sasthra Bhavan, Pattom Palace, P. O., Thiruvananthapuram- 695 004.4. Development of Cold Mix Technology for Structural Layers of Flexible Pavement in Different Climates Date of Start and Duration: April 2006 Date of Completion (Actual): Dec. 2010 CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New DelhiPresent Status and ProgressStatus : CompletedYear of Last Reporting : 2009-10Progress : The construction of Bituminous Macadam as binder course with emulsion based cold mix technology was carried out with existing hot mix road construction machineries as Hot mix Plant (with out heating facility) for manufacturing cold mixes, paver for laying mixes and road roller at three locations, viz. (i) Dantaur-Khajuwala in Rajasthan in desert area, (ii) By-pass Road Aizawl, Mizoram in heavy rainfall area and (iii) near Jawahar Tunnel on Jammu-Srinagar National Highway (NH-1A) in J&K under cold and snow bound area. The semi dense bituminous concrete / mix seal surfacing were laid over cold mixed bituminous macadam on the same road stretch. The post construction performance evaluation was carried out by visual inspection based on 8- performance factors.FurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingData Construction of structural layer bituminousmacadam (BM) and semi dense bituminous concrete (SDBC) and mix seal surfacing (MSS) as wearing courses using bitumen emulsion based cold mixes is feasible using presently available road construction machineries. The per f or mance of r oad speci f i cat i onBM+ SDBC and BM+ MSS was satisfactory after 3 years. The performance of road specifcation PMC issatisfactory in High rainfall area (Mizoram) after 3 years. Construction with cold mix is economical by15-20 percent as against hot mix. The construction of road with emulsion basedcold mixes is environment friendly and energy effcient. Construction of roads with cold mix technologyis feasible in inclement weather including wet conditions. ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 19Limitations of Conclusions or Interim ConclusionsThe setting of mix takes a longer time compared to hot mix.Recommendations for further work The cold mix technology for construction of dense graded specifcationsuchasDenseBituminousMacadamandBituminous concrete.Reports/PublicationsReport on Development of Emulsion Based Cold Mix Technology for Structural Layers of Flexible Pavement is available with CRRI. Thefollowingtentativespecifcationswereprepared. TentativeSpecifcationforBituminousMacadam(Base & Binder Course) with Cationic Bitumen Emulsion ProposedTentativeSpecifcationforSemi-DenseBituminous Concrete Using Cationic Bitumen Emulsion Proposed Tentative Specifcation of Mix SealSurfacing (Dense-Graded Premix Carpet) with Cationic Bitumen EmulsionRecommendations for Discussion/ Revision ofCodes/SpecifcationsFraming of Code for Cold Mix Design for Dense Graded Mixes.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K. Jain, Chief Scientist & Head, Flexible Pavements Division, CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi110 025.5. Performance Evaluation of Bituminous Concrete Surfacing Laid with SBS Modifed Bitumen (PMB-40) on NH-1, Near Delhi Date of Start and Duration:March 2006 Date of Completion (Actual): March 2011 CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi (R )Present Status and ProgressStatus: CompletedYear of Last Reporting: First timeProgress: Laboratory evaluation of SBS modifedbitumen binder was carried out to determine engineering properties. Modifed bituminous concrete mixes wereretrieved and laboratory evaluation of retrieved core sample were carried out to fnd out the bulk density,Marshall stability, Flow value and marshall quotient. Important performance parameters of road ie. surface distress,roughnessanddefectionweremeasuredoncontrol section constructed with normal bitumen and thesectionconstructedwithmodifedbitumen.Periodicperformance was monitored for 60 months at the internal of 6 months.FurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingData ThepropertiesofSBSmodifedbituminousmixesare superior than bituminous mixes produced with 60/70 conventional bitumen. SBS modified bituminous mixes have betterresistance to rutting at higher temperatures. The progression of development of surfacedistressislowontestsectionslaidwithmodifedbitumen as compared to test sections laid with conventional bituminous mixes. TherutdepthvalueonSBSmodifedsectionsislow as compared to conventional sections. SBSmodifedsectionsindicatedlesserincreasein roughness than conventional sections. SBS modifed bitumen performed better thanconventional bitumen under overloading condition/exceptionallyheavytraffc. SBS modifed bitumen lead to increase servicelife of overlays.Reports/PublicationsReport on Performance Evaluation of Bituminous Concrete Surfacing Laid with SBS Modifed Bitumen (PMB-40) on NH-1, Near Delhi is available with CRRI. Recommendations for Discussion/ Revision ofCodes/SpecifcationsReport is useful for revision of IRC:SP:5320 GENERAL REPORT ONFurtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K.Jain, Chief Scientist & Head, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR- Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi-110 025.6. Repair of Potholes and Patching using Jetpatcher and Infrared Recycling Patcher Date of Start and Duration: December 2010 Date of Completion (Actual): March 2011 i. CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi (R) ii. Municipal Corporation of Delhi (I)Present Status and ProgressStatus : CompletedProgress PerformanceofJet Patcher & Infrared Recycling Patcher and then working on the roads under the jurisdiction of Municipal Corporation Delhi Utilityofmachineswithrespecttofllingofpotholesof different sizes Utilityofmachinesforpatchingofraveledareainterms of quality and quantity Performance of patches prepared and potholesflledduringlast2-3months Correctionofothertypesofsurfacedefectslikecracking, undulations and utility cuts Efficiency of machines in items of hourlyoutputFurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingData Machines are suitable for faster repair of smallas well as large raveled surface area by patching aswellasfllingofpotholesonvariousroadsofMCD. Machines can be used for repair of surfacedefects viz., small, medium and deep potholes, depressions, utility cuts, edge breaks, wheel path rutting, cracked stripped and raveled area effciently. The treated area can be opened for trafficwithin30minutesaftercompactionwitheffcientmachine.Recommendations for further work ItissuggestedthataggregateinmixedmaterialmayconformtogradingspecifedinClause No. 519ofMORTHspecifcations. Rapid Setting-2 (RS-2) Emulsion conforming to IS:8887-2004 may be used to rejuvenate the oxidizerd surface and prepair by premix for repair.Reports/PublicationsReports on Nuphalt Infrared Recycling Patcher & Jet Patcher Works, are available with CRRI. Recommendations for Discussion/ Revision ofCodes/SpecifcationsIRC may bring out Codes/Guidelines.Furtherinformation/copyofreportcanbeobtainedfromDr. P.K.Jain, Chief Scientist & Head, Flexible Pavement Division, CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi110 025.7. Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Asphalt Mixes and Performance Evaluation of Shell Thiopave Test Sections Date of Start: July 2010 DateofCompletion(Targeted/Actual): July 2013 CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi (R)Present Status and ProgressA Thiopave test has been laid at 1 km with support from Shell Technical Team. CRRI has done two rounds of feldperformanceevaluation.Benkelmanbeamstudiesdefectionstudiesvisualobservationofthetestsectionand roughness were done and cores were obtained for further analysis in laboratory. FurtherFindings/Conclusions/SupportingData TheThiopaveDBMmixtureshavehigherMarshalstability values than the Conventional DBM mixtures TheThiopaveDBMmixtureshavehigherstiffnessvalues indicating better resistance to rutting compared to conventional DBM mixture. TheBenkelmanbeamdefectionvaluesshowedthat the thi opave secti on i ndi cated l ower characteristic defection as compared to othertwo sections showing better structural adequacy of the pavement. ROAD RESEARCH IN INDIA 2010-11 21Recommendations for further work