High Efficiency Purification of Liquid Scintillators for ...
Higher Efficiency in Water Purification
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Benefits: • Improving the purification process by determining the best depth to draw raw water from reservoirs, based on the quality of the water catchment. • Positive contribution to consumer health, by reducing the use of chemical products to yield water that is more natural and of higher quality. • Saving costs and resources by reducing reagents and energy. • Increasing environmental and socioeconomic security, by reducing waste generation and carbon footprint. [email protected] - www.adasaproducts.com Higher Efficiency in Water Purification “The quality of drinking water will not change, but there will be a change in the efficiency and the amount of reagents used to purify water, which is extremely important in terms of managing and saving resources.” Francisco Javier Fragoso Mayor of Badajoz Spain Summary* Water quality deterioration represents a serious environmental, economic and social problem. One of its uses is the production of drinking water for human consumption, which highlights the importance of extracting water of the highest possible quality at the source, in order to minimise the necessary purification treatment, save resources, reduce the environmental impact and possible effects on the health of consumers caused by the use of chemical products and their derivatives. In order to address these goals, an automatic system was proposed to monitor quality at reservoirs. This provides a real time assessment at different depth levels, so as to establish the best layer from which to draw raw water and thus optimise and save on drinking water treatment. Figure 1. The Santa Engracia DWTP supplies drinking water to a population of 300,000 inhabitants and has an average flow of 1,200 litres per second.
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Transcript of Higher Efficiency in Water Purification
Benefits:
• Improvingthepurificationprocessbydeterminingthebestdepthtodrawrawwaterfromreservoirs,basedonthequalityofthewatercatchment.
• Positive contribution to consumer health, byreducingtheuseofchemicalproductstoyieldwaterthatismorenaturalandofhigherquality.
• Savingcostsandresourcesbyreducingreagentsandenergy.
• Increasing environmental and socioeconomicsecurity,byreducingwastegenerationandcarbonfootprint.
[email protected] - www.adasaproducts.com
Higher Efficiency in Water Purification
“The quality of drinking water will not change, but there will be a change in the efficiency and the amount of reagents used to purify water, which is extremely important in terms of managing and saving resources.”
Francisco Javier FragosoMayorofBadajozSpain
Summary*
Waterqualitydeteriorationrepresentsaseriousenvironmental,economicandsocialproblem.Oneofitsusesistheproduction of drinking water for human consumption,whichhighlightstheimportanceofextractingwaterofthehighestpossiblequalityatthesource,inordertominimisethenecessarypurificationtreatment,saveresources,reducetheenvironmentalimpactandpossibleeffectsonthehealthofconsumerscausedbytheuseofchemicalproductsandtheirderivatives.
Inordertoaddressthesegoals,anautomaticsystemwasproposedtomonitorqualityat reservoirs.Thisprovidesarealtimeassessmentatdifferentdepthlevels,soastoestablishthebestlayerfromwhichtodrawrawwaterandthusoptimiseandsaveondrinkingwatertreatment.
Figure1.TheSantaEngraciaDWTPsuppliesdrinkingwatertoapopulationof300,000 inhabitantsandhasanaverageflowof1,200litrespersecond.
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In2012,Spanishdrinkingwatertreatmentstations(DWTP)provided4,400Hm3ofwatertourbansupplynetworks.Thiswatercamemainlyfromreservoirs.
An analysis of thebehaviour of Spanish reservoirswithnormalstratificationrevealsthatduringthewarmseasonsofspringandsummertherecanbeanobservablethermalanddensityimbalancebetweenthesuperficialandlowerwaterlayersofthereservoir.Duringthesummer,waterbecomedividedintoseparatesections:thesuperficialwaterlayer(epilimnion)andthedeepwaterlayer(hypolimnion),separated by a band of water where the temperaturechangesrapidly(thermocline).Thephysicalandchemicalcharacteristicsofthesethreelayerscanbecompletelydifferentanddependontheinfluxesreceivedbythereservoir– rainwater, fromwastewater treatmentplants,industries,overflowsfromfarmingandagriculturalfields…aswellastheresultsofdraughtseasonsthatnearlyemptythe reservoir or seasons with considerable rainfall thatpracticallyrenewallthecontent.
However,thesituationchangesinautumnandwinter:thedecreaseinambienttemperaturecancausethewaterlayerstomixagainand,therefore,givethemmorehomogeneouscharacteristics.
Followingthenecessarypurificationtreatment(pre-oxidation,coagulationwithaluminiumsalts,decantation,filtration, disinfection…), the DWTP supply the networkwithwaterofnecessaryqualitytobeconsideredasdrinkingwater–asdeterminedbytheRoyalDecree140/2003.
The deterioration of water quality represent a seriousenvironmental, economic and social problem, andhighlights theneedtoextractwater fromsourceswiththehighestpossiblequality.Thisleadstoareductioninthe treatment required,whichsavescostsand reducestheenvironmentalimpactandpossiblehealthconsequencesforconsumersderivedfromtheuseofchemicalproductsandtheirderivatives.
MostofthereservoirsintheIberianPeninsulaarelocatedinareaswithstratifiedreservoirs,thatis,containinglayersofvaryingqualities.Therefore, thecostsderivedfrom the purification treatment are determined by thecharacterisationofwatermasses,makingitcrucialtodefinetheoptimalextractionpoint.
“Goal: Optimise the current purification processes through an advanced monitoring system capable of identifying the ideal point of extraction in a reservoir, determining the dosage of reagents and guaranteeing drinking water quality.”
“The costs derived from purification treatments are determined by the characterisation of water masses, making it crucial to define the optimal extraction point.”
TraditionalreservoirmanagementtookwaterdestinedforaDWTPfromaspecificandfixeddepth,eitherbecausethewaterqualityatdifferentdepthswasunknown,orbecausethetechnicalfacilitiestoextractwateratvaryingdepthsarenotavailable.
Figure 2. Drinking water treatment plant at Santa Engracia(Badajoz).
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Higher Efficiency in Water Purification
Thankstothisinformation,managedthroughasystemtosupportdecision-makingbasedonanumericalmodel,itispossibletodeterminethewaterextractionpointwiththe lowestwater treatment costs and define the idealdepth to extract rawwater. This combination improvesthepurificationprocessintermsofeconomiccost(chemicalproducts and energy) and public health (reduction ofchemicalproductdosage),andalsoincreaseswaterqualityandreliabilityatalowercost.
“Higher quality at the source, lower cost of purification treatment.”
ThissystemcanmonitortheDWTPprocessfromanyremotelocationandenablesoperatorstointeractandplantasksinanysituation,inanoptimalandeffectivemanner.
Figure 3. Evolution of thewater quality level at Villar delReyReservoir(Badajoz).
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Figure 4. Comparison of purification costs for rawwater fromdifferentsourcesinExtremadura(2007-2013period).
InthewordsofÁngelEncinas,researcherinchargeoftheprojectatAqualia,“thankstothemonitoringofpurificationprocessandattheplantoutput,wehaveachievedabetter control. Obtaining instantaneous informationaboutwaterqualityinthereservoirandtheplantallowsustoactfaster,createalertsand,therefore,complywiththelaw,justaswehavebeendoingsofar,butwithgreatercontrol”.
Moreover,theMayorofBadajoz,FranciscoJavierFragoso,declared “thisprojectwillmake itpossible toknow thecharacteristicsofthewaterextractedfromthereservoir.This, inturn,will facilitateamoreefficientmanagementofpublic resources forwaterpurification, aswewill nolongerdependonconstantlaboratoryanalysessincewewillhaveautomaticparameters”.
“The project has facilitated a more efficient management of public resources for water purification.” FranciscoJavierFragoso,MayorofBadajoz.
Under this premise, the key aim of the Smartic project(SmartTechnologyRealTimeWaterMonitoringSystem)is to optimise current purification processes using anadvanced control system capable of selecting the bestextraction point in a reservoir, as well as automaticallydeterminingthedosesofmainreagentsandmonitoringwaterevolutionthroughoutthetreatmentprocess,guaranteeingitsqualityforconsumption.
Tothisend,theautomaticqualitymonitoringsystemhasbeen installed in the reservoir of Villar del Rey, whichprovideswatertothedrinkingwatertreatmentplantofSantaEngracia,inBadajoz.Thissystem,whichevaluatesqualityinrealtimeandatvaryinglevels,combinedwithan adjustable installation to extract water at differentdepths,allowsfortheselectionofwaterlayerswiththemostsuitablecharacteristics.
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Higher Efficiency in Water Purification
Figure 5. Technician verifying the values obtained by theautomaticwaterqualitysystemfordifferentreservoirlayers.
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About Adasa
Foundedin1988,Adasaisarecognisedengineeringcompanythat offers advanced water quality monitoring solutions.Weunderstandtheneedsofwaterandwastewaterapplicationsandhaveprovencapabilitiesinallfacetsofdesign,manufacturingandmaintenanceofmajorcontrolsystems,communication,monitoringequipmentandapplicationsoftware.
Adasaproductsandsolutionscanhelpyouto:detectpollution alerts and uncontrolled spills, improve WWTPprocessefficiencybymakingtreatmentdecisionsbasedonrealtimewaterqualityconditions,makeinformeddecisionsinwaterdischarges,protectthedrinkingwatertreatmentplantscatchmentsandunderstandthedynamicofreservoir,damsanddepositsofwater,allowingmanagementresolutionsdependingonenduseanddemand(fishlife,bathingwater,drinkingwater,irrigation...).
Inaddition,anenvironmentalandsocioeconomicimpactstudyhasconcludedthat theapplicationof thissystemrepresents an improvement, from the extraction of rawwater fromthe reservoir, to theapplicationof themainchemical reagentsemployed in thepurificationprocess.This improvement in quality and lower use of reagentstranslates into a reduction of thewaste generated andhigherenvironmentalquality,aswellasasmallercarbonfootprintgeneratedbytheoverallprocess.Asaresult,theenvironmentalandsocioeconomicsafetyandhealthhavebeenincreasedthroughtheconsumptionofmorenaturalandhigherqualitywater.
“The higherwater quality extracted at the source, thelower the need for purification treatment”, explainedFragoso,addingthat“thequalityofthedrinkingwaterwillnotchange,buttherewillbeachangeintheefficiencyandtheamountofreagentsusedtopurifywater,whichisextremelyimportantintermsofmanagingandsavingresources”.
A comparative study conductedbetween theDWTPofÁvilaandLangreodeterminedthattreatingoptimalrawwater can reduce the consumption of energy by up to51%,chlorineby45%andcoagulantsby68%.Theseresultsalsotranslateintolessresidueandareductionofgreenhousegasemissionsfrompoweruseandtheproductionofchlorineandcoagulants.
“This improvement in quality and reduced use of reagents translates into reduction of residue generation and higher environmental quality.”
*This project has been developed by a consortium formed by Adasa, Aqualia, Coveless Ingeniería, Homeria Open Solutions, Enmusa and Gestiona Global.
Source: INE: http://www.ine.es/prensa/np872.pdf
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Higher Efficiency in Water Purification
