High Impedance Bus Bar Protection
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Transcript of High Impedance Bus Bar Protection
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Agenda
Extension of existing ( OLD) BUS BAR PROTECTION
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
TIME SYNCHRONISATION OF RELAYS
DISTRUBANCE RECORD WORK STATION
TEST PLUGS & TEST EQUIPMENTS
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HV Application: Busbar Protection
Kirchhoffs Principle applied to a healthy system
I = 0
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
I1 = I2 + I3I1 - I2 - I3 = 0
I1 I3I2
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Without Busbar Protection (1)
F2F1
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
There are fewer faults on busbars than on other parts of the power system
No dislocation of system due to accidental operation of busbar protection.
Slow fault clearance.Busbar faults at F1 and F2 are cleared by remote time delayed protection oncircuits feeding the faults:
Time Delayed Overcurrent orTime Delayed Distance Protection
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Busbar Faults Are Usually Permanent
CAUSES : Insulation failures Circuit breaker failures Falling debris Isolators operated outside their ratings Safety earths left connected
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
urrent trans ormer a ures
THEREFORE :Circuit breakers should be tripped and locked
out by busbar protection
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Busbar Protection must be:
RELIABLE
Failure could cause widespread damage to the substation
STABLE
False tripping can cause widespread interruption ofsupplies to customers
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
DISCRIMINATING
Should trip the minimum number of breakers to clear thefault
FAST
To limit damage and possible power system instability
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1 Breaker Scheme
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
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1 Breaker Bus Protection
87
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
87
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Double Bus Protection
Z1
Z3
Z2
Z4
BS
BC1 BC2F1 F2 F3 F4
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
BCM1
BCM2
FM1
FM2
FM3
FM4
BSM
Z1Z3
ZCK
Z2Z4
ZCK
Z1 Z2 Z4Z3 ZCK
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Effect of C.T. Location onBusbar Protection Performance
Circuitprotection
Interlockedovercurrentrelay
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Busbarprotection
protection
Busbarprotection
Overlapping C.T.s
Circuitprotection
Busbarprotection
Interlockedovercurrentrelay
All C.T.s on line sideof circuit breaker
All C.T.s on Busbar sideof circuit breaker
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High Impedance Protection
Simple system to apply andextend.
High sensitivity for phase and
earth faults.
Extremely stable for externalfaults.
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
CT requirements: Equal ratiosClass X
May require stabilising resistors,RST.
May require non-linear resistors
(Metrosils).
RST
METROSIL
87
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Isolator Auxiliary Switches
R
M
A B C D
Auxiliary switches should :1) Close before the isolator
closes
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
a b c d
rm
Buswires
2) Open after the isolatoropens
In order to maintain stabilityon switching.
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Differential Relay CircuitABCN
Zone bus wires
95X
95X
95X
Bus wire short contacts
Supervisionrelay
95
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Stabilising
resistors
87 87 87
v v v
Metrosil
resistors
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Typical Trip Relay Arrangement
Double Busbar System
In Out
CSS - M1
CSS - M2
87M1 - 1
87M2 - 1
-
M1 RM2
a1
c196E
96D2
96D1
-+87CH - 1
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
CSS - R
b1
c2
D.C. Buswires
80T
96H2
96H1
96G
96F2
96F1
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Single Bus Protection
F1 F2 F3 F4
Z2Z1
BS
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
FM1
FM2
FM3
FM4BSM
Z1
ZCK
Z2
ZCK
ZCKZ1 Z2
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Double Bus Protection
Z1
Z3
Z2
Z4
BS
BC1 BC2F1 F2 F3 F4
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to anyparticular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, withoutexpress written authority, is strictly prohibited.
BCM1
BCM2
FM1
FM2
FM3
FM4
BSM
Z1Z3
ZCK
Z2Z4
ZCK
Z1 Z2 Z4Z3 ZCK