Precision Higgs at Future Colliders Howard E. Haber Gunion Fest UC Davis March 28, 2014.
Higgs portal Dark Matter at LHC and other colliders...Higgs portal Dark Matter at LHC and other...
Transcript of Higgs portal Dark Matter at LHC and other colliders...Higgs portal Dark Matter at LHC and other...
Higgs portal Dark Matter
at LHC and other colliders
Abdelhak DJOUADI
(CNRS & LAPTh)
1. The Higgs portal to Dark Matter2. Invisible Higgs at the LHC
3. Higgs properties at e+e− colliders4. Comparison with astroparticle physics
5. Heavy DM states6. Conclusion
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1. The Higgs portal to Dark Matter
1) Rotation curve of (clusters of) galaxiesDM indeed exists:
2) CMB and large scale structure formation
It is a new/unknown particle: no SM state (eg ν) can do the job.
A crucial hint for physics beyond the SM of strong+EW forces!
25% of energy budget of UniverseMakes
80% of total matter of Universe
PLANCK: ΩDMh2 = 0.1188± 0.0010
• Neutral particle and hence dark (a charged particle will shine...).
• Cold or not too warn and hence non-relativistic (ν do not work...).
• Very weakly interacting (reason why we did not observe it yet).
• Stable or at least very long lived particle: τDM ≫ 1017 s.
• Possibly a relic from the early Universe: a window to the origin.
In short, a WIMP. It worths the effort searching for it!
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1. The Higgs portal to Dark Matter
WIMPS appear in models for naturalness/hierarchy problems:
– LSP: lightest neutralino of SUSY with Rp conserved
Examples: – LKP: lightest Kaluza-Klein state in extra-dimensions.
– LTP: lightest T-odd in Little Higgs/composite
We choose a different way: simply Agnosticism and Occam razor:
postulate the existence of a weakly interacting massive particle:
• a singlet particle but spin 0, 12
, 1 i.e. a scalar, vector or fermion
• QED neutral + isosinglet, no SU(2)xU(1) charge: no Z couplings
• Z2 parity for stability: no couplings or mixing with fermions
Hence, only couplings with the Higgs bosons: Higgs portal DM,
– annihilates into SM particles through s-channel Higgs exchange;
– can be produced in pairs via Higgs boson exchange or decays.
Again Occam razor: assume only the SM-like Higgs boson.
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1. The Higgs portal to Dark Matter
Lagrangians:
∆LS = −12M2
SS2 − 1
4λSS
4 − 14λHSSΦ
†ΦS2
∆LV = 12M2
VVµVµ+ 1
4λV(VµV
µ)2+ 14λHVVΦ
†ΦVµVµ
∆Lχ = −12Mχχχ− 1
4
λHχχ
ΛΦ†Φχχ
EWSB: Φ → 1√2(v+H) with v=246 GeV and m2
S=M2S+
14λHSSv
2 ...
Two free parameters: DM mass mX and DM-Higgs coupling λHSS
Of course effective and even non-renormalisable models. EFT for:
• Scalars: inert Higgs doublet models (comes with others states).
• Vectors: may be related to a spontaneously broken U(1) symmetry.
• Fermions: fourth family, singlet-doublet or vector-like leptons?
All these are renormalisable, unitary, perturbative (up to cut-off) ...
But where are all the new (companion) states gone? Should have been seen?
– Z2 symmetry: all new particles decay at end into the DM state;
– eventually some mass degeneracy with the invisible DM particle.
⇒ missing energy and soft SM particle signature: very difficult!
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1. The Higgs portal to Dark Matter
Direct Detection:
•SM
DM
SM
DM
scattering on nucl. target:XENON ⇒ LZ,DARWIN
Indirect Detection:
•DM
DM
SM
SM
annihilation products: γ, νHESS,;..⇒ CTA,HAWK,
Detection at colliders:
•SM
SM
DM
DM
missing energy signatureLHC ⇒ HL-LHC,e+e−,pp
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2. Invisible Higgs at the LHC
For light DM states, only possible handle at colliders is Higgs decays:
Γinv(H → SS) =λ2HSS
v2βS
64πMH
Γinv(H → VV) =λ2HVV
v2M3HβV
256πM4V
(
1− 4M2
V
M2H
+ 12M4
V
M4H
)
Γinv(H → ff) =λ2Hff
v2MHβ3f
32πΛ2
Possible only for mX < 12MH ≈ 60 GeV; depends on mX, λHXX:
One has to check also the relic density/Planck: only one input...
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2. Invisible Higgs at the LHC
A) Direct: measurement of total Higgs decay width via interference
ΓSMH =4.07MeV ⇒ too small to be resolved experimentally.
If MH>∼ 200GeV, ΓH>1GeV ⇒ possible in H → ZZ → 4ℓ
But in pp→H→ZZ→4f , about 20% are for MVV>∼ 2MV
Indirect measurement of ΓH via interference with pp→ZZ continuum
SMHΓ/HΓ
0 1 2 3 4 5
)λ2
ln(
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14ExpectedStat. only
Expected
ObservedStat. only
Observed
ATLAS
ν 4l,2l2→ ZZ →H* 113 TeV, 36.1 fb
g/V, offshellκ = g/V, onshellκ
σ1
σ2
(MeV)HΓ0 20 40 60
ln L
∆-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14 WW (observed)→H WW (expected)→H
ZZ (observed)→H ZZ (expected)→H
ZZ+WW (observed)→H ZZ+WW (expected)→H
CMS (7 TeV)-1 (8 TeV) + 5.1 fb-119.7 fb
68% CL
95% CL
But the constraints are too loose: ΓH/ΓSMH
<∼ 3−4 only.
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2. Invisible Higgs at the LHC
B) Indirectly: measurements of the Higgs decay branching ratios
κ2X = σ(X)/σ(X)|SM = Γ(XX)/Γ(XX)|SM = g2HXX/g
2HXX|SM
Γ(VV)→κ2V, Γ(ff)→κ2f , σ(VH)→κ2V, σ(VBF)→0.74κ2W+0.26κ2ZΓ(γγ)→κ2γ=1.5κ2W+0.1κ2t−0.7κtκW, σ(ggH)→κ2g=1.06κ2t−0.07κtκb
Parameter value2− 1− 0 1 2 3
|µκ|
bκ
|τκ|
tκ
Wκ
Zκ
Run 1LHC
CMS and ATLAS ATLAS+CMS
ATLAS
CMS
intervalσ1
intervalσ2
fVκ
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
f Fκ
2−
1−
0
1
2
Combined γγ→H
ZZ→H WW→H
ττ→H bb→H
68% CL
95% CL
Best fit
SM expected
Run 1 LHC
CMS and ATLAS
κ2H=0.57κ2b+0.22κ2W+0.06κ2τ+0.03κ2Z+0.03κ2c+0.0023(κ2γ+ κ2Zγ)
Global ATLAS+CMS fit gives BR(H→ invisible) <∼ 20%@95%CL
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2. Invisible Higgs at the LHC
C) Even more direct: search for Higgs decaying invisibly.
q
q
V
H
q
qH
g
g
t
H
qq→WH → ℓν+ET/ qq→qqH → jj+ET/ gg →Hg → j+ET/qq→ZH → ℓℓ+ET/ high-mass,pT, η jets also 2j, high rate.
Choudhury+Roy, ..., Eboli+Zeppenfeld AD,Falkowski,Mambrini...
inv)→B(H
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
1-E
xclu
sio
n C
L
-210
-110
1
Observed
Expected Median
σ 1 ±Expected
σ 2 ±Expected
95% CL
-1 = 13TeV, 36.1 fbsµµee+
ATLAS
[GeV]Hm100 150 200 250 300 350 400
(SM
)V
BF
σ inv)/
→ x
B(H
σ
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5 invisible→CMS VBF H
-1 = 8 TeV, L = 19.5 fbs
95% CL limits
Observed limit
Expected limit
)σExpected limit (1
)σExpected limit (2
Combined VBF-tag Z(ll)H-tag V(qq')H-tag ggH-tag
SM
95%
CL u
pper
limit o
n σ
x B
(H →
inv)/
σ
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
Observed
Median expected
68% expected
95% expected
(13 TeV)-1
35.9 fb
CMS
Here also ATLAS+CMS combo gives BR(H→invisible) <∼20%@95%CL
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2. Invisible Higgs at the LHC
D) A combination of all these channels/possibilities
− −
Λ
s
ss
❱s ❱ s
s
❱s s
All in all at Run II LHC: BR(H → inv) < 20%.
This not very constraining after all. can this be improved? Of course!
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3. Invisible Higgs in the future
High–Luminosity LHC:√s = 14 TeV and L = 3ab−1
Improve the sensitivity by factor of 2: BR(H→invisible) <∼10%
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3. Invisible Higgs in the future
Higher energy pp colliders ⇒ √s = 100 TeV and L = a few ab−1
bb → H
qq/gg → ttH
qq → ZHqq′ → WH
qq′ → Hqq′gg → H
MH = 125 GeV
pp → H + X
√s [TeV]
σ(√
s)/
σ(√
s=
13TeV)
10075502513
100
10
1
Improve the sensitivity by another factor of 2: BR(H→invisible) <∼5%
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3. Invisible Higgs in the future
Best deal ever a future e+e− machine:√s = 240 GeV and L = 1ab−1
e−
e+
Z∗
•
H
Z
•
e−
e+
V∗
V∗
H
νe/e−
νe/e+
•
e+
e−
H
t
t
•
e+
e−
H
H
Z
HHνν
HHZ
Htt
HZ
He+e−
Hνν
MH=125 GeV
σ(e+e− → HX) [fb]
√s [GeV]
200 350 500 700 1000 2000 3000
1000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
Very precise measurements
mostly at√s≈250 GeV
and mainly in e+e− → ZH
gHWW ±0.01gHZZ ±0.01gHbb ±0.01gHcc ±0.03gHττ ±0.03gHtt ±0.05λHHH ±0.2MH ±0.0004ΓH ±0.05CP ±0.03
Improve the sensitivity very seriously: BR(H→invisible) <∼1%In fact: a BR(H→ inv) of 1% can be observed at the 5σ level
and a BR(H→ inv) of 5% can be measured with a 10% accuracy...Valencia 14/12/2018 Higgs portal DM – A. Djouadi – p.13/18
4. Comparison with astroparticle experiments
• Relic density ∝ 1/〈σ(XX → H → f f)vr〉 annihilation rate.
〈σXfermvr〉 = λ2
HXXm2
ferm
16π1
(4m2X−M2
H)2δX, δS = 1, δV = 1
3, δf =
12
v2r
Λ2
In principle needs to fit the Planck value: ΩDMh2=0.119±0.0010
• Spin–independent direct detection, simple for S, V, f DM states:
σSIX−N =
λ2HXX
16πM4H
m4Nf2N
(mX+mN)2δ′X, δS = δV = 1, δf =
4Λ2
BRinvX ≡ BR(H → inv) = Γ(H→XX)
ΓSMH
+Γ(H→XX)=
σSIXp
ΓtotH
/rX+σSIXp
Direct detection:
BRinvX ≃ (σSI
Xp/10−9pb)[δX + (σSI
Xp/10−9pb)]−1
δS = 400 (10 GeV/mS)2 , δV = 4× 10−2 (mV/10 GeV)2 , δf = 3.5
Indirect detection:
BRinvX ≃ (〈σvr〉/10−10GeV−1)[δX + (〈σvr〉/10−10GeV−1)]−1
δS = 2.4× 10−2δV = 1.3× 10−6 (mV/10GeV)4 δf = 3.9× 10−11 (mf/10
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4. Comparison with astroparticle experiments
Arcadi,AD
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5. Heavy DM states
Heavy DM states to be produced in pairs in continuum at pp colliders:
q
q
V
H
q
qH
g
g
t
H
• Exactly same channels as before but with and off-shell Higgs boson.
• Suppressed by the Higgs virtuality and small couplings to DM.
• Needs high energies, very high luminosities and some real efforts....
• Superseded by direct detection limits in all envisageable cases..
pp → FF + j
pp → SS + j
pp → VV + j
λhχχ = 1
√s = 14 TeV
.
mχ [GeV]
σ[fb]
550500450400350300250200150100
102
101
100
10−1
10−2
10−3
pp → FF + jj
pp → SS + jj
pp → VV + jj
λhχχ = 1
√s = 14 TeV
.
mχ [GeV]
σ[fb]
450400350300250200150100
101
100
10−1
10−2
10−3
pp → FF + Z
pp → FF + W±
pp → SS + Z
pp → SS + W±
pp → VV + Z
pp → VV + W±
λhχχ = 1
√s = 14 TeV
.
mχ [GeV]
σ[fb]
600500400300200100
100
10−1
10−2
10−3
10−4
10−5
AD,Quevillon
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5. Heavy DM states
Heavy DM states to be produced in pairs in continuum at pp colliders:
q
q
V
H
q
qH
g
g
t
H
• Exactly same channels as before but with and off-shell Higgs boson.
• Suppressed by the Higgs virtuality and small couplings to DM.
• Needs high energies, very high luminosities and some real efforts....
• Superseded by direct detection limits in all envisageable cases..
pp → FF + j
pp → SS + j
pp → VV + j
λhχχ = 1
√s = 100 TeV
.
mχ [GeV]
σ[fb]
1000900800700600500400300200100
104
103
102
101
100
10−1
10−2
10−3
pp → FF + jj
pp → SS + jj
pp → VV + jj
λhχχ = 1
√s = 100 TeV
.
mχ [GeV]
σ[fb]
1000900800700600500400300200100
103
102
101
100
10−1
10−2
10−3
pp → FF + Z
pp → FF + W±
pp → SS + Z
pp → SS + W±
pp → VV + Z
pp → VV + W±
λhχχ = 1
√s = 100 TeV
.
mχ [GeV]
σ[fb]
1000900800700600500400300200100
101
100
10−1
10−2
10−3
10−4
10−5
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6. Conclusions
• Dark matter exists, maybe only reachable sign of new physics?
• The Higgs portal to DM is one of the most minimal realizations.
• Even more minimal if only the SM–like Higgs state is considered.
• But scenario tested at LHC in Higgs searches/measurements:
– measurements of total Higgs width and various visible BRs;
– direct searches for missing energy signatures.
– possibility of going off-shell not that promising.
• Limits from LHC superseded by future astrophysics sensitivity.
• But I didn’t tell you the really interesting part of the story yet:
– concrete realizations of Higgs-DM and search for DM companions;
– extending the Higgs sector makes it even more interesting.
Needs further investigations at the LHC and also future ee and pp
colliders besides all experiments in astroparticle physics .
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