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Hello!
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International Virtual Observatory Alliance
Ajit Kembhavi, IUCAA, Pune
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The Astronomer Vermeer 1632-1675
Data Storage and Retrieval
The Library of Alexandria 3rd Century BC
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Star Positions
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Stars in the Milky Way
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The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
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The Data Avalanche
• An increasing number of telescopes and large area detectors are producing immense amounts of data through imaging and spectroscopic surveys.
• Terabytes of data are now available, and Petabytes will soon be available from frequent all sky imaging.
• Vast databases are also being produced through simulations.
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Wavelength Coverage
• The data spans the electromagnetic spectrum from the radio to the gamma-ray region.
• Obtaining, analysing and interpreting the data in different wavebands involves highly specialised instruments and techniques.
• The astronomer needs new tools for using this wealth of data in multiwavelength studies.
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Virtual Observatories
• Manage vast data resources and provide these on-line to astronomers and other users.
• Provide tools for data analysis, visualization and mining.
• Develop interoperability concepts to make different databases seamless.
• Empower astronomers by providing sophisticated query and computational tools, and computing grids for producing new science.
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VO Schema
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Interactions
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The Alliance
Members of the IVOA
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IVOA Technology Initiatives
The IVOA has identified six major technical initiatives to fulfill the scientific goal of the VO concept.
IVOA-LISTS
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• REGISTRIES: These collect metadata about about data resources and information services into a queryable database. The registry is distributed. A variety of industry standards are being investigated.
• DATA MODELS: This initiative aims to define the common elements of astronomical data structures and to provide a framework to describe their relationships.
• UNIFORM CONTENT DESCRIPTORS: These will provide the common language for for metadata definitions for the VO.
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• DATA ACCESS LAYER: This provides a standardized access mechanisms to distributed data objects. Initial prototypes are a Cone Search Protocol and a simple Image Access Protocol.
• VO QUERY LANGUAGE: This will provide a standard query language which will go beyond the limitations of SQL.
• VOTable: This is an XML mark-up standard or astronomical tables.
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VOTable
• This is a new data exchange standard produced through efforts led by Francois Ochsenbien of CDS, Strasbourg and Roy Williams of Caltech.
• VOTable is in XML format. Physical quantities come with sophisticated semantic information.
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VOTable
• The format enables computers to easily parse the information and communicate it to other computers.
• Federation and joining of information become possible and Grid computing is easier.
• VOTable parsers have been developed in Perl, Java and C++.
• Enhancements and extensions are being considered.
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VOTable Data
The data part in a VOTable may be represented using one of three different formats:
– FITS : VOTable can be used either to encapsulate FITS files, or to re-encode the metadata.
– BINARY : Supported for efficiency and ease of programming, no FITS library is required, and the streaming paradigm is supported.
– TABLEDATA : Pure XML format for small tables.
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Science Initiatives
• Many IVOA projects have active Science Working Groups consisting of astronomers from a broad cross-section of the community representing all wavelengths.
• The focus here is to develop a clear perception of the scientific requirements of a VO.
• Projects within the working groups will develop new capabilities for VO based analysis.
• This will enable the community to create new research programs and to publish their data and research in a more pervasive and scientifically useful manner.
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NVO-People
Caltech, Fermilab, JHU, NASA/HEARC, Microsoft, NCSA/UIUC, NOAO, NRAO, Raytheon ITS, SDSC/UCSD, SAO/CXC, STScI, UPenn, UPitts/CMU, UWis, USC, USNO, USRA, CVO
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Registry and DIS
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Terapix
Jodrell Bank
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AVO Prototype Demo
Astrogrid:
Astronomy Catalogue Extractor
AVO: Aladin+SED
VO-India:VOPlot
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CVO Collaborations
• There are three major projects at the CVO involving collaborations with other VO.
• CVO is collaborating with the German Astrophysical VO to incorporate ROSAT X-ray data and catalogues into the CVO system.
• CVO is collaborating with the Australian VO.to incorporate 2Qz and 2DF galaxy spectra into the CVO database.
• CVO is an associate member of NVO and is have put in place some components of the NVO galaxy morphology demo.
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Australian –VO Collaborations
• The distributed volume renderer (dvr) software, is a tool for rendering large volumetric data sets using the combined memory and processing resources of Beowulf like clusters.
• A collaboration between the Melbourne site of Aus-VO and AstroGrid aims to develop the existing dvr software into a grid-based volume rendering service.
• Users will be able to select FITS-format cubes from a number of "Data Centres",have the data transferred to a chosen rendering cluster, and then proceed to visualise the volume of data remotely (See Demo).
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Virtual Observatory - India
IUCAA
Persistent Systems
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VO-India Projects
• VOTable Parser in C++; Streaming data• Web based FITS browser• Visualizer for VIZIER• Statistical packages for VIZIER and beyond• GALics data bases• Data mirror sites• Scientific data mining• Applications beyond astronomy
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The VOPLOT Collaboration
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The VOPlot Collaboration
• The idea for VOPlot was developed through a discussion between VO-I and CDS.
• VOPlot was developed by PSPL and IUCAA and was integrated into Vizier with the help of CDS.
• It was then decided to integrate VOPlot with Aladin, an interface was agreed on, and the integration is now complete.
• The collaboration was carried through a few short visits, phone calls and E-mail.
• Main persons: Sonali Kale et al (PSPL), Pierre Fernique and Francois Ochsenbien. (CDS).
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