height on maps contours
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Height on Maps
Contour linesCross sections
Relief
The height and shape of the land is known as the relief. This can be shown on a map in 3 ways:
• By layer shading• Spot heights and trig stations• Contour lines
Layer Shading
This is where different colours are used to represent different heights above sea level.
eg) from sea level to 500mfrom 500m to 1000mfrom 1000m to 1500m
Layer shading on a map.
Layer shading on a map of the UK
Spot heights and trig stations
Major relief features such as mountain tops often have the exact height shown.
Spot heights are usually approximate. Trig stations are very
accurate as they are based on ground surveys. In the field, they usually look like a block of concrete set into the ground with a black and white wooden beacon built over them. Trig station at the top of
Mount John in NZ.
Contours
These are brown lines on a map that join places with the same height.
Every point along a contour line is the same height as is stated.
Lines are drawn at common intervals. The closer the contours are together, the
steeper the slope. The contour interval is always constant
(the same).
Contours
Contours – which mountain is this?
a) b)
e)d)c)
Contours
Match each contour map with the correct relief model
Contours
Draw a relief model that would represent this contour map.
Cross-sections
We can use contour lines to draw a cross-section with accuracy.
A cross-section is a side view or profile of the land.
It’s like getting a big knife and slicing part of the landscape away and looking at the side view.
Cross-sections
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7gT8gU_pD8&feature=youtu.be
Cross-sections