Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
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Transcript of Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Let us begin with the sign of the Cross in
Hebrew:B'shem haAv In the name of the Father
v'haBen and of the Son
v'Ruach haKodesh and of the Holy SpiritElohim echod. Amen one God, Amen.
May the Holy Spirit, Ruach haKodesh, direct
you as you dip into the rich well of tradition
which we have as Hebrew Catholics.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearUnlike pagan religions which see time as
an endless cycle,Christians see time as being linear.
It has a beginning and will have an end.
Within Christianity's linear,
"big picture sense of time,
the passing of hours is experienced as cycles ofmeditations on holy things
Think of a spiralof a circle of time moving ever forward toward His
Coming.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearGod, in His Wisdom, provided very tangible and
memorable ways for the children of Israel to pass on their faith to their children,
to ensure the continuation of the Jewish people as a nation,
and to teach them and others His ways.
The feasts and holidays which punctuate the Hebrew yearprovide opportunities
to celebrate communally,
to hear and proclaim God's Word,
to relive lessons in Jewish history,
and to echo messages of hope and consolation through the
generations.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearLeviticus 23 lists seven feasts, the main holidays
of the Jewish calendar.In addition, there are two other holidays
commemorating victories over enemies of theJews.
The Queen of all feasts, the Sabbath, is theculmination and high point of every week in the
Jewish household.
For each of these holy days there are distinctive
prayers, songs, foods and activities- a multisensory experience
- involving all members of the family.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearAs Hebrew Catholics, we can recognize this same
teaching technique in the parables of Jesusand the Sacraments which He initiated.Bread and wine, water and oil, incense and candles,
prayers and songs are all rich and integral parts ofCatholic liturgy and tradition.
By celebrating the Hebrew feasts in light of Catholictruth, we can pass on to our children
the great heritage of Faith, the wonder of God's actions in the history of His
people, and the enduring promise of salvation through
Yeshua haMashiach.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearThis study is a means of incorporating Jewish
traditions into our families cycle ofcelebrations.We find that some of the holidays are more popular
than others.Sometimes we are too busy to do more than mention
the holidays in our prayer times.But over the years our sense of Jewishness willgrow, as well as our appreciation for the Jewish
roots of Catholicism.
This brief summary of feasts and traditions offers anopportunity to inspire us to develop our own
family expressions of our Hebrew Catholic faith.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearRosh haShonah
October 4 & 5, 2005
During the Jewish New Year, the greeting,"L'shanah tovah tikosevu"
(May you be inscribed for a good year),is often seen on greeting cards.
On Rosh Hasho-nah (the Head of the Year),also known as the "Feast of Trumpets",
it is believed that God judges each one and decides his fatefor the coming year.
It opens with the blowing of the shofar (ram's horn) at the
synagogue.Two days of prayers and synagogue services begin thefestivities.
At home, eating apples dipped in honey is supposed to ensurea sweet year.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Rosh haShonah
For the Hebrew Catholic, Rosh Hashonah is anopportunity to send New Year's cards to Jewish
friends and relatives as a sign of our continued
loyalty to and prayers for our Jewish brethren.
We invite guests to dinner to share in our prayers forthe nation of Israel and all the children of
Abraham.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearYom Kippur
October 13, 2005Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement, is the day when God's judgment is
believed to be sealed for the coming year.
The ten days between Rosh Hashonah and Yom Kippur are called the
Days of Penitence.
It is a time to repent of and to correct those things we have done wrong,
especially to our neighbor, and to ask God's forgiveness.For everyone thirteen years and older, Yom Kippur is a day of fasting.
Fasting encourages humility and repentance, disciplines the body and
clarifies the mind as we examine our conduct and thoughts.
In the synagogue, the ancient Kol Nidre (Absolution of All Vows) is
chanted and confession of sins as commanded in Leviticus 26:40 ismade.
At home, memorial candles are lit for members of the family who have
died.
The Mourner's Kaddish and final blowing of the Shofar conclude the day.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Yom Kippur
Hebrew Catholics may continue to keep Yom Kippuras a day of fasting and repentance, not for
themselves but for the Jewish people,
especially those who have turned away from God.
We may light candles and have Masses offered fordeparted relatives.
It is the only holiday that makes itself known by the
absence of food and festivities.
We offer our prayers as we conclude the fast at the
evening meal.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearSuccoth
October 18-23, 2005
The Feast of Booths, two weeks after Rosh Hashonah,commemorates the wandering of the Jews in the
wilderness for forty years before entering the PromisedLand.
Families build simple, temporary shelters decorated withfruits of the autumn harvest.
Meals are often served in these "booths" for the six days ofthe festival.
In the days of Temple worship, there was the pouring ofwater from the Pool of Siloam, symbolizing the prayers for
winter rains.At this time, in John 7:37-38, Jesus declared, "...If any man
thirst, let him come to Me and drink."
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Succoth
We celebrate the feast as one of harvest andthanksgiving.
A large bowl or basket with various produce from
the garden is our centerpiece.
Candles are lit and prayers of thanksgiving areoffered during the six days of the feast.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearPurim
March 25,2005
The Feast of Lots, also called the Feast of Esther, occurs inlate winter and celebrates the liberation of the Jews ofPersia from destruction at the hands of the proud andwicked Haman, Prime Minister under King Xerxes.
It is a wonderful tale of intrigue, loyalty and royal trappingsthat children and adults enjoy acting out.
Costumes can range from draped sheets and towel turbans toactual robes and harem veils.
As the story, or Megilla, is read and dramatized, the audienceis supplied with a variety of noisemakers which are used to
drown out the name and words of Haman.Traditional foods such as hamantashen (pastry in the shape of
Haman's hat) are eaten and alms or gifts for the poor aredistributed.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Purim
We can try to gather enough people together to actout or read aloud the story of Esther, Mordecai,
Haman and the King.
The children prepare costumes and noisemakers in
the preceding days.(a string of metal nuts or washers in a tin can is a
loud one)
The performance is followed by serving
refreshments, including hamantashen.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearPassover
April 24May 1, 2005The most well-known and elaborate of the Jewish feasts, Pesach
commemorates the miraculous exodus of the Jewish people from the
land of Egypt under the leadership of Moses.
It is also a springtime celebration, provoking a flurry of cleaning in the
traditional Jewish home as the mother removes all trace of leaven and
prepares for the Seder, the ritual Passover meal.Passover includes the weeklong Feast of Unleavened Bread when
particular foods are prohibited while other symbolic foods are eaten.
The Hagaddah, a collection of scripture readings, prayers, rabbinical
commentaries, songs and poetry is the guide for the Seder and sets the
tone for the entire eight days.The Feast of First Fruits, which occurs during Passover, was a feast of
thanksgiving in biblical times for the first grain of the season.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearPassover
With its direct association with Easter, Passover is a very special holiday
in the Hebrew Catholic family.
It is also a time of spring cleaning, a culmination of our Lenten
purifications.
We can invite guests to our seders so they can see for themselves the
origins of the Mass.
Our family prefers to use a traditional Jewish Hagaddah for the Seder,commenting frequently on the significance of many of the prayers and
Messianic symbols and prophecies.
We enjoy preparing the special foods: charoseth, bitter herbs, roasted
eggs, etc.
We made our own Matzoh Tash with three compartments for the threematzohs used during the Seder, a clear symbol of the Trinity.
And we have plenty of matzoh, matzoh brei (fried matzoh), knoedlech
(matzoh balls) and sponge cake (with matzoh flour).
Recipes are available in any Jewish cookbook.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Shavuoth
June 13-14, 2005The Feast of Weeks, occurring fifty days after
Passover, commemorates two things:
thanksgiving for the grain harvest
and for the giving of the Law at Mt. Sinai.Coming seven weeks from the second day of Pesach
(First Fruits), Shavuoth is a time for reading the
Book of Ruth, for eating dairy foods and fresh
bread.In the Old Testament, the priests offered two loaves
made from the newly harvested grain.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Shavuoth
It was on Shavuoth that the Holy Spirit fell on theApostles and the Church was born, the Christian
feast of Pentecost.
For Catholics this is a glorious time to celebrate the
establishment of the Church and the presence ofthe Holy Spirit in our lives.
A meal of potato or cheese blintzes, lighting candles
and singing songs such as "Come, Holy Ghost" are
appropriate and joyful ways to mark this feast.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearHanukkah
December 26January 2, 2005The Feast of Lights or the Feast of Dedication marksthe victory of Judah of Maccabee over the Syrian
and Greek armies of 167 B.C.The story of the profanation of the Temple and its
subsequent cleansing and rededication is retold,with particular emphasis on the miracle of the oil.
In restoring the Temple, Judah needed pure olive oilfor the "eternal light" which burned continuously.
He was unable to find enough oil for more than oneday's burning; however, the lamp continued to
burn for eight days until more oil could beobtained.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical Year
Hanukkah
In Jewish homes, candles set in a special menorahare lit for the eight days of Hanukkah:
one on the first night, two on the second and so on
until eight lights are glowing on the last night.
Celebrations include singing songs, spinning topscalled dreidels, and playing games. Foods fried in
oil, commonly potato pancakes for Jews of
European descent, are traditionally served.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearHanukkah
Hanukkah is one of our favorite celebrations.We send homemade cards and gifts to Jewish friendsand relatives.
We light the Hanukkah candles - each child takingturns during the eight nights - and sing:
On this night, Let us light,One (or two or three...) little candle fire.
'Tis a sight, Oh so bright,One little candle fire.
We invite friends for potato pancakes and retell theexciting story of Judah Maccabee's victory.
The boys especially like dressing up as warriors.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearSabbath
If anything has distinguished the Jew from the gentile for
centuries it has been his dedication to the Sabbath ascommanded by God in Exodus 20 (one of the Ten
Commandments).In various cultures and times, the ways of keeping the Sabbath varied in
detail but not in essence.
It is a day of resting from labor and honoring God.All housecleaning and meal preparation are done before sundown of
Sabbath eve (Friday night) at which time the woman of the homechants the centuries old Sabbath prayers before flickering candles.
The meal begins with blessings over wine and bread (challah, a rich eggdough) and continues as a feast to conclude the ordinary work week.
The Sabbath is the soul of the Jew for it is a foretaste of theEternal Sabbath each child of God longs to spend with the
Creator.The Sabbath is called the Queen who helps prepare the Jews
for their King and His heavenly Kingdom.
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Hebrew Catholic Liturgical YearSabbath
As Hebrew Catholics we observe the Sabbath on the Lord's
Day, Sunday.On Saturday evening, I light the Sabbath candles as I remember mymother doing. My head covered and my hands over my eyes, I recitethe blessing, adding a prayer of thanksgiving for Yeshua, the Light
who has come into the world.A prayer over the wine is invoked. The one cup is held by a guest at the
table who gives thanks for a particular blessing received that week.After sipping from the cup, he passes it to the next guest and the ritual
is repeated around the table.A prayer over the bread is next. The bread is broken, passed around and
eaten.
The Sabbath celebration is a simple yet effective way tobridge the Old Testament with the New Testament.Our children can clearly see, week after week, that
Christianity is rooted in Judaism and it is the same Godwho commands, forgives and blesses.
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The Catholic Liturgical Year
The Catholic "liturgical year" is made special
by celebrationscommemorating the lives of
Jesus and His mother,
the angels,
and the legion of Saints
who lived their faith.
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Below are 25 Feasts and times, in chronological order,
that demonstrate how the liturgical year is a reliving of the
life of Christ:
Advent He is coming
Nativity He comes
Circumcision He follows Old Testament Law
Epiphany He reveals Himself as God
Holy Family He grows up in a human family
Candlemas Simeon's prophecy
Septuagesima We are in exile without Christ
Ash Wed. Without Christ, we are dust
Lent Christ is in the Desert
Passion Sun. Jews make plans to kill Jesus
7 Sorrows Mary's suffers at what is to comePalm Sun. He triumphantly enters Jerusalem
Spy Wed. Jesus is betrayed by Judas
Maundy Thu. He offers the first Holy Mass
Good Friday He is put to death and fulfills Old
Testament Law
Holy Sa. He is in the tomb
Easter He is risen
Ascension He ascends into Heaven
Pentecost He sends the Holy Ghost
Trinity Sun. The Most Holy Trinity has been
fully revealed
Assumption Mary is assumed into Heaven
& crowned Queen
Christ the King We recognize Christ's Kingship
now and forever
All Saints We will triumph as have ourheroic Saints
All Souls We pray for those who are
awaiting their triumph
Last Sun. in Time Apocalypse. He will come
after Pentecost to judge the world.
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Every single year, aware Catholics "re-live" the
Gospel, from Christ's Incarnation and Birth to His
Ascension and Heavenly reign. In Spring He enters the world by coming to rest in Mary's immaculate
womb
Nine months later, in Winter, He is born, circumcized, and given a
Name.
He is raised in the Holy Family, and meets His cousin, John. He goes into the Desert and we go with Him during our Lenten
Season.
Then follow His Passion and Agony, which are soon vanquished by
His Resurrection, His Ascension, and the Pentecost.
Now He reigns forever, and we await His Second Coming as weprepare to celebrate again His First Coming.
The cycle begins again, like a wheel that's been
spinning for two millenia.
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The Catholic who is aware of this wheel is
necessarily aware of Christ
The Catholic who also celebrates the Feasts well andpractices the traditions of the Church livesintimately with Him.
All of the Church's Feasts fall into
one of the 2 main "liturgical cycles"
made of 7 "liturgical seasons."
Each of the Seasons has an associated mood,
its own "feeling in the air,"
its own scents and ornaments.
There is even for each Season an associated color which will be reflectedin the priests' vestments and liturgical art, church decoration, and so on
(though on certain Holy Days within a particular season, that Day's colorwill take precedence over the season's color).
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There is a definite rhythm to Catholic lifeA rhythm expressed well in this poem by Robert Herrick
(1591-1674):
Ceremonies for Candlemas EveDown with the rosemary and bays,
Down with the misletoe;Instead of holly, now up-raiseThe greener box (for show).
The holly hitherto did sway;Let box now domineer
Until the dancing Easter day,
Or Easter's eve appear.
Then youthful box which now hath graceYour houses to renew;
Grown old, surrender must his placeUnto the crisped yew.
When yew is out, then birch comes in,And many flowers beside;
Both of a fresh and fragrant kinTo honor Whitsuntide.
Green rushes, then, and sweetest bents,With cooler oaken boughs,
Come in for comely ornamentsTo re-adorn the house.
Thus times do shift; each thing his turn does hold;New things succeed, as former things grow old.
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Here's an overview of the two liturgical cycles and
their seven seasons -- those times that "do shift".
Cycle I: The Christmas CycleSeason 1: Advent
The liturgical year begins with this season, which lasts
from the first Sunday of Advent ("Advent Sunday") to
sundown on 24 December.
The word "Advent" comes from the Latin "advenire"
which means "arrival" and is our awaiting the arrival of
Christ's birth at Christ's Mass (Christmas) and His Second
Coming.
Its mood is one of somber, penitential expectation.
Its color is violet. (22 - 28 calendar days)
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Cycle I: The Christmas Cycle
Season 2: Christmastide This season lasts from sundown on 24 December to 13
January.
It's the celebration of Christ's Incarnation, the mood is of
humble, grateful, joyous celebration.
Its color is white 19 days).
Season 3: Time After Epiphany This season lasts from 14 January to the vigil of
Septuagesima Sunday (the ninth Sunday before Easter,
which is the same as 3 Sundays before Ash Wednesday).
Its season's focus is Jesus' manifestation of Himself as Godduring His public ministry.
Its color is green (4 - 38 calendar days).
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Cycle 2: The Easter Cycle
Season 4: Septuagesima
This Season lasts from Septuagesima Sunday toShrove Tuesday (the day before Ash Wednesday).
Its name means "Seventy," and recalls the
Babylonian Exile.
It is a time of preparation for Lent (16 calendardays).
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Cycle 2: The Easter CycleSeason 5: Lent (Quadragesima)
This season, also called "Quadraegesima," meaning
"Forty," is a somber, penitential Season lasting from AshWednesday to the Thursday before Easter. (46 calendardays) Per the everyday calendar, Lent lasts 40 days + the six Sundays, but the
Sundays aren't counted as "Lent" because Sundays are always about theResurrection and are joyous.
It recalls Christ's 40 days in the desert, and the Israelites'wandering in the desert for 40 years.
"Passiontide" is the last two weeks of Lent, from PassionSunday (the 5th Sunday of Lent) the day before Palm
Sunday, The second week of Passiontide is called "Holy Week." The last three days of Holy Week -- i.e., Maundy
Thursday, Good Friday, and Holy Saturday -- are calledthe Sacred Triduum.
Its color is violet.
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Cycle 2: The Easter CycleSeason 6: Paschaltide (Eastertide)
The Easter season lasts from the EasterVigil to the day before Trinity Sunday (theSunday after Pentecost). (56 calendar days,not counting Easter Vigil)
Because it contains the two greatest Feastsof the Church -- Easter Sunday andPentecost -- the mood is joyous and
victorious. Its color is white.
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Cycle 2: The Easter Cycle
Season 7: Time After Pentecost
This season lasts from Trinity Sunday to theday before Advent Sunday.
This Season's focus is the Holy Spirit in the
Millennium, the Church Age that we nowlive in, and Christ's Reign as King of Kings
-- the time between the Age of the Apostles
and the Age to Come.
Its color is green.
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The Proper of Saints(also called the Sanctoral cycle)
The Proper of Saints are Feast Days which are notmovable, that is, they fall on the same date each
year.Proper of Seasons(also called the Temporal cycle).
The Proper of Seasons are those Sundays and otherFeasts of the year, whose dates of celebration
depend on the dates of Easter Sunday and AdventSunday and are, therefore, movable
(they change each year).
"Overlaid" on this grid of Seasons are two setsof dates:
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Imagine a regular, standard, everyday calendar
Mentally overlay on that the Proper of the Saints,filling in each day of the regular calendar with the
names of the Feasts for each day,
the dates of which don't change -- e.g.,
January 21 will always be the Feast of St. Agnes,
February 3 will always be the Feast of St. Blaise,
etc.
Then determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons
and overlay that on top of the Proper of Saints.
In other words, to imagine the liturgical year:
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Mark the Season of Easter:
First, we determine the date of Easter,which will be the first Sunday afterthe first full moon on or
after March 21
(even if the full moon on or after March 21 falls on a Sunday,
go to the Sunday after).The Vigil of this Feast marks the beginning of Eastertide.
Mark the Season of Time after Pentecost:Counting Easter as "one," count 9 Sundays forward from
Easter and mark that Sunday as the beginning of Time
After Pentecost.
A Sunday of this Season is referred to as "(First, Second,
Third, etc). Sunday after Pentecost."
To determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons:
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Mark the Season of Septuagesima:Counting Easter as "one," count 10 Sundays back from
Easter and mark that day as the beginning of
Septuagesima. The three Sundays of this Season are
referred to, respectively, as Septuagesima Sunday,
Sexagesima Sunday, and Quinquagesima Sunday.
Mark the Season of Lent:Counting Septuagesima Sunday as "one," count 3 Sundays
forward from Septuagesima Sunday, then go to the
following Wednesday and mark that Wednesday as "Ash
Wednesday," the beginning of Lent. A Sunday in thisSeason is referred to as "(First, Second, Third, etc). Sunday
of Lent."
To determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons:
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Mark the Season of Advent:Then, starting with the date of Christmas (always December 25), we
count back 4 Sundays to mark Advent Sunday (if Christmas is aSunday, don't count it; count back 4 entire Sundays so that there are 4
Sundays in Advent). This date marks the beginning of Advent. ASunday in this Season is referred to as "(First, Second, Third, etc.)
Sunday of Advent."
Mark the Season of Christmas:Mark the Vigil of December 25 as the beginning of Christmastide
Mark the Season of Time after Epiphany:Mark January 14 as the beginning of Time After Epiphany. A Sunday
of this Season is referred to as "(Second, Third, etc.) Sunday afterEpiphany." Note, the first Sunday of this Season is the "SecondSunday
after Epiphany," the "after Epiphany" referring to the Feast of theEpiphany, not to the Season.
Then refer to the Temporal Cycle page to fill in any movable Feastswhose dates depend on the date of Easter or Advent Sunday as
determined above.
To determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons:
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The only things left to do are:
to mark the "Octaves":Octaves are 8-day periods of observance,
beginning with the Feast day itself.
Not all Feasts have "Octaves"; only the most
important ones do.So, starting with the Feast Day itself, counting it as
"one," mark 8 days of the following Feasts as
"Octaves":
Christmas, Easter, and Pentecost.Then mark the octave before ChristmasEve as
"The Golden Nights."
To determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons:
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The only things left to do are:to mark Ember Days:
o the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after theThird Sunday of Advent (Gaudete Sunday) are the
days of Advent Embertideo the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after the
First Sunday of Lent are known as LentenEmbertide
o the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday afterPentecost Sunday make up Whit Embertide
o the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after theFeast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross (14
September). Note that these Ember Days mustcome a full week after the Holy Cross Day.
To determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons:
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Now, each of the Sundays of a Season has its own
"Propers" -- prayers that are specific to that day inthe liturgy (the Divine Office and the Mass).
Each of the Feasts in the Proper of Saints will also
have its own Propers.
So, because the Feasts in the Proper of Saints and theProper of the Seasons can sometime overlap with
two Feasts falling on the same day, all Feasts are
ranked according to their importance.
The higher ranking Feast will be the one celebrated.
To determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons:
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Feasts fall into one of a few categories, indescending order of precedence 1:
1st Class2nd Class3rd Class
Commemoration
When two Feasts of the same rank fall on the sameday, they are ranked further by whether they relate
to (in descending order of preference):Our LordOur Lady
the Holy Angels
St. John the Baptist, St. Joseph, St. Peter, St. Paul, the other ApostlesMartyrs
Other Saints
To determine the dates of the Proper of Seasons:
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In addition to each Sunday, there are a handful ofHoly Days of Obligation on which we must attend
Mass.These Holy Days differ from country to country:
CircumcisionAscension
AssumptionAll Saints
Immaculate ConceptionChristmas
EpiphanyCorpus Christi
SS Peter & Paul
Holy Days of Obligation
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the family's Name Days"the First Friday of each month for devotions
to the Sacred Heart
the First Saturday of each month for devotions
to the Immaculate Heart
the anniversaries of loved ones' deaths so we
remember to have Masses said for them,
and light candles, fast, and pray for them
Other days a family might want to mark on their
home calendars are: