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Transcript of HEARING LOSS Babak Saedi otolaryngologist. How the Ear Hears Structure Outer ear The pinna is a...
HEARING LOSS
Babak Saedi
otolaryngologist
Types of Hearing Loss
Conductive Hearing Loss
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Mixed Hearing Loss
Progressive Hearing Loss
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS
• Occurs from a dysfunction of the outer or middle ear
• Can usually be treated with medicine or surgery
• A deficit of loudness only
Characteristics of Conductive Loss:
Maintain soft speaking voiceExcellent speech discrimination
when speech is loud enoughTypically either low frequency or
flat hearing loss (equal at all frequencies)
TREATMENT: CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSSES
Conductive hearing losses are due to problems that occur in the outer and middle ear which are usually temporary and/or treatable with antibiotics or surgery.
For those few people who have uncorrectable conductive hearing losses, hearing aids are of significant benefit as sound remains clear if it is made loud enough.
SENSORI-NEURAL HEARING LOSSES
Dysfunction of the inner ear or auditory nerve, usually permanent and untreatable
Results in loudness deficit and distorted hearing. Nerve endings in cochlea or nerve pathways are
damaged. Message does not effectively reach the brain. Middle ear structures are intact.
CAUSES OF SENSORI-NEURAL HEARING LOSS:
Genetics/Congenital Disease
Mumps, Measles Meningitis, CMV
Ototoxic drugs Head trauma Presbycusis Meniere’s Disease Acoustic Neuroma Ototoxin Exposure
Noise Exposure: Prolonged exposure to
hazardous noise causes hearing loss by the physical destruction of the hair cells in the cochlea.
Characteristics of NIHL:(noise induced hearing loss)
Loss can be sudden, as with acoustic trauma from an explosion.
More often a gradual onset that may go unnoticed. NIHL also known as noise induced permanent
threshold shift (NIPTS), typically takes years of exposure, gradual erosion of hearing that eventually affects communication.
Characteristics of SNHL, con’t
Amount of loss varies from person to person Risk of noise-induced progression stops if
no longer in noise exposed, but aging invariably worsens loss For most, aging effects aren’t significant before
age 50+
POINTS TO REMEMBER ABOUT HEARING LOSS You can’t fix a hearing loss
Any hearing loss – even MILD – impact children’s learning
Improving classroom acoustics will improve learning for hearing and hearing impaired children
If children can’t hear, they can’t learn
Questions?