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HEALTH YEAR 7 © T. P. Thould January 2000 LIVING THINGS Every living thing - plant and animal have...
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Transcript of HEALTH YEAR 7 © T. P. Thould January 2000 LIVING THINGS Every living thing - plant and animal have...
HEALTH
YEAR 7
© T. P. Thould January 2000
LIVING THINGS
Every living thing - plant and animal have eight common features (characteristics).
These eight characteristics are shared by all living things.
They must have all eight characteristics to be called a living thing.
THE EIGHT CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
1 Movement
2 Respiration
3 Sensitivity
4 Cells
MRS C FERG
5 Feeding
6 Excretion
7 Reproduction
8 Growth
Test
1 Movement - find food, escape , etc..
2 Respiration - for energy
3 Sensitivity - to pick up information about their surroundings
4 Cells - building blocks of life
5 Feeding - for growth and repair
6 Excretion - get rid of waste
7 Reproduction - survival of the species
8 Growth - to mature, to repair Test
BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..
•That all living things must have some characteristics in common.
•How many characteristics of living things there are.
•What the characteristics of living things are.
•How they help to support life.
WHAT ARE ORGANS
Organs are a collection of tissues. They do a special job in the living thing to help it
stay alive
Cells of the same kind join together to form tissues
Different tissues join together to form organs
Different organs link up to form systems
Cells Tissues Organs Systems
LeavesRoots
Flower
THE MAIN ORGANS OF A PLANT
Stem Fruits
THE MAIN OF A PLANT
Leaves
Roots
Flower
THE FUNCTIONS OF ORGANS OF A PLANT
StemTo attract insects for
pollination and to make seeds
Anchor the plant and takes in water
Carries water and food around the
plant
Absorbs light to make food by Photosynthesis
Fruit
To attract animals to disperse seeds
THE FUNCTIONS OF ORGANS OF A PLANT
Celery Before Celery After
Draw what the cut end of the Celery looks like :-
Explain the differences you saw in the two drawings :-
THE MAIN PARTS OF A FLOWER
Sepal
Stamen
Petal
Carpel
Test
THE MALE PARTS OF A FLOWER
Stamen
Anther
Filament
The Stamen is the male part of a flower
It is made up from the Anther and the Filament Test
THE FUNCTIONS OF THE MALE PARTS
Stamen
Anther
Filament
Makes pollen which has the male genes in it
Holds the Anther up in the air so that visiting insects brush against it
Different plants have different numbers, shape and sizes of Stamens
Test
THE FEMALE PARTS OF A FLOWER
The Carpel is the Female part of a flower
It is made up from the Stigma Style and the Ovary
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Test
THE FUNCTIONS OF THE FEMALE PARTS
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Carpel
A sticky surface where pollen stays
when visiting insects brush against it.
Guides the pollen tube down to the
Ovary.
Makes the Ovules which contain the
female genes. Forms the fruit.OvuleTest
THE MAIN PARTS OF A FLOWER
Sepal
Stamen
Petal
CarpelFilament
Anther
Stigma
Style
Ovary
TestOvule
BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..
•What an Organ is.
•The main organs of a Plant
•The main jobs of these organs
•The parts of a flower.
•The main jobs of these parts.
MAIN ORGANS OF THE BODY
How many do you know?
There are at least 16 here!
ORGANS TO HELP SENSITIVITY
Brain
Ears, tongue, eyes, nose and skin
Living things need to detect what is going on around them in order to survive.
Our senses pick up smells, sound, light, heat, movement etc. and send signals to
our brain.
ORGANS HELPING US TO FEED
Oesophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine and the Large Intestine.
This is all controlled by
the brain
These organs breakdown the food we eat so that it can easily pass into out blood and keep our cells alive. Undigested food is passed out of the body
Helped by the
Liver and
Pancreas
THESE ORGANS HELP WITH RESPIRATION
The organs of the Respiratory System are
the Lungs and the Diaphragm
The Diaphragm and the ribs move up and down to fill and empty the air out of them.
This helps to get Oxygen into the blood so that cells can use it to make energy.
This is all controlled by
the brain
THESE ORGANS HELP WITH EXCRETION
The organs of the Excretory System are the Kidneys and the Bladder.
Waste is made in the body and the Kidneys filter it out of the blood forming Urine. This is sent to be stored in the Bladder before it is
passed out of the body.
This is all controlled by
the brain
THESE ORGANS HELP WITH REPRODUCTION
The male sex organs are made up from the Penis, Testes and Scrotum. The Testes make Sperm which contain the male genes. The Penis places the sperm as near as it can to the female’s egg ( Ovum )
The female sex organs are made up from the Ovaries, Vagina, Uterus and Oviduct. The ovaries make the Ovum which contains the female genes. The Uterus ( womb ) holds the developing baby.
This is all controlled by
the brain
THESE ORGANS HELP WITH OUR TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Heart, Blood and Vessels
The Heart is a pump. It pumps the blood around
the body through the blood vessels.
The blood carries food, oxygen and
other things to the cells
MAIN ORGANS OF THE BODY
How many do you know
now?
18
1
2 5
3
8
6
74
9
10
17
16
13
12 11
15
14
19
20
MOVE THE PARTS TO THE RIGHT PLACES
BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..
•The main organs of the Human Body
•Where in the body these organs are found
•The main jobs of these organs
HEALTHY OR NOT?
•What do we mean by healthy?
•What helps us to stay in good health?
•What makes us unhealthy?
ARE THESE HEALTHY OR NOT?
CigarettesOranges
Salmonella
Beer
Chips
Drugs
Medicines
Solvents
Water
AerobicsSugar
Coffee
Milk
Vaccinations
Cakes
Baked Potatoes
Salt
SwimmingSleep
What do some people take into
their bodies which makes them ill?
SmokeTar
Nicotine CarbonMonoxide
THE HARMFUL SUBATANCES
HeartAttacks
Breathing Problems
BlockedArteries
Cancer
SMOKING IS UNHEALTHY
THE LUNGS
Trachea
Left Bronchus
Ribs
Left Lung
DiaphragmAlveoli
Bronchioles
Cartilage Rings
IntercostalMuscles
WHICH ONE IS THE SMOKERS’ LUNG?
A B
Why do you think this? What has caused the differences in the way they look?
CocaineEcstasy
Cannabis Heroin
SOME COMMON DRUGS
DehydrationBrain
Damage
HIV / AidsOrganFailure
DRUGS ARE UNHEALTHY
GlueLighter
Fuel
PaintStripper
HairSpray
SOME COMMON SOLVENTS
BreathingProblems
FaceSores
ComaBrain
Damage
SOLNENT ABUSE IS UNHEALTHY
WhiskyBeer
Wine Gin
SOME COMMON DRINKS
Liver damage
Depressant
DestroysBrain Cells
AffectsJudgement
HOW ALCOHOL CAN BE UNHEALTHY
CAFFEINE
A chemical found in Coffee, Tea and Coke Cola.
Once in the blood and taken to the cells of the body it:-
•Speeds up your heart / pulse rate
•Makes you breathe more quickly
FASTER BREATHING FASTER
PULSE
BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..
•The substances that can make you unhealthy if you take them into your body
•How they affect your body
•The organs that are damaged or affected by these substances
WHITE CELL
Defends body against disease by killing Microbes - Bacteria and Viruses
White Cell
Defends body against disease by killing Microbes - Bacteria and Viruses
They do this by engulfing them - surrounding the bacteria and trapping it inside the cell and
destroying it.
They also make chemicals called Antibodies which kill the bacteria a few days after being infected.
Bacterium
BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..
•Examples of Microbes which cause disease
•The name of the cell in your blood that fights microbes.
•How this cell fights the microbes.
•The What is meant by vaccination and immunity
FOOD CAN MAKE YOU HEALTHY OR IF YOU ARE
NOT CAREFUL IT CAN MAKE YOU UNHEALTHY
How do you explain this?
A BALANCED DIET
To keep healthy you must eat a balanced diet.
This means that you should eat the RIGHT AMOUNTS of each of the food groups. The RIGHT AMOUNT depends upon :-
the age, sex, size, job and how active the person is.
CARBOHYDRATES
FATS
PROTEINS
Potatoes Rice Pasta
BreadButter Cream
Fried Food Peanuts
Meat Fish Soya
Energy giving foods full of
StarchStored energy and insulation
For growth and repair
Test
BY NOW YOU SHOULD KNOW…..
•The seven food groups
•The sources of food in which you find these food groups
•The use to your body of these food groups
•What is meant by a balanced diet