Health & Safety

Training

Office of Occupational Safety and Health

August, 2015

Custodian Engineers

2

Right-to-Know/Hazard Communication

• Classification of Hazards

• Regulations

• Public Employee Rights

• Toxicology

• Labels and Safety Data Sheets

• Common Workplace Chemicals

• Physical Hazards

• Transmission of Microorganisms & Bloodborne Pathogens

• Safe Work Practices

Agenda

Course Objectives

Be knowledgeable of the requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard 2012 and Right-To-Know Law

Know which agency enforces the safety and health regulations

Understand how to obtain a copy of the written Hazard Communication Plan

Be able to understand the label requirements

Know what a safety data sheet (formerly MSDS) is, and how to obtain one

Understand the basics of how chemicals can impact the body

Understand how microorganisms are transmitted

Understand the components of the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

3

Upon completion of this training, employees should:

CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDS

4

What is an Occupational Hazard?

An Occupational Hazard can simply be

defined as any substance, material,

process, or practice that has the ability to

cause harm or adverse health effect to a

person in the workplace.

5

Classification of Hazards

BIOLOGICAL • viruses, parasite, bacteria, food, fungi, and mold

CHEMICAL • depends on the physical, chemical and toxic properties of the chemical

ERGONOMIC • poor lighting, poor posture, repetitive movements, improper set up of workstation

PHYSICAL

• magnetic fields, pressure extremes (high pressure or vacuum), noise

• slipping/tripping hazards, inappropriate machine guarding, equipment malfunctions or breakdowns

PSYCHOSOCIAL • stress, violence

RADIATION • ionizing and non-ionizing

6

REGULATIONS

7

Regulatory Agencies

OSHA - Occupational Safety

and Health Administration -

1970

• Protects Private

Employees

• A Federal Agency

• Goal – to insure worker

safety and health in the US

by working with employers to

create better working

environments

PESH – Public Employee

Safety and Health Bureau -

1980

8

• Protects Public

Employees

• A State Agency - NYS

Department of Labor

• Goal – Oversees workplace

protection of public employees

at NYS and NYC levels.

Enforces OSHA standards

PESH Inspection Format

9

OPENING CONFERENCE

THE WALK AROUND

CLOSING CONFERENCE

Inspector shows ID

Requests representation: The Principal Union Custodian or Building

Manager States reason for

inspection

Outlines Inspection method

Takes photographs

Interviews employees

Collects samples

Reviews records

States Inspection Findings

Describes violations

Provides regulations & publications

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

PESH Violations & Citations

CITATIONS

• Sent to employer

• Give an abatement

date

• Must be posted in

worksite

10

NON SERIOUS

• Up to $50 per day/violation

SERIOUS • Up to $200 per day/per

violation

REPEATED • Up to $70,000

WILLFUL • $5,000 - $70,000

Two Laws Apply to DOE Employees

11

These laws were passed in the mid 1980’s

Enforced by NYS

Dept. of Labor

Enforced by NYS

Attorney General

HAZARD

COMMUNICATION 29 CFR 1910.1200

NYS RIGHT-TO-

KNOW LAW 12 NYCRR 820

INFORMATION ABOUT

CHEMICAL HAZARDS

Employers are required to make sure that employees:

understand the potential chemical hazards they may be exposed to

on the job

know how to protect themselves against these hazards.

Coverage of Right-to-Know Law

12

All hazardous substances

Infectious diseases

Radiation

Full time employees

Part time employees

Provisional employees

Physical hazards (e.g. noise)

Safety Hazards (e.g. electrical)

RTK Does Not Cover:

General Duty Clause Employers must furnish employees a workplace free from recognized hazards and in compliance with the safety and health standards applicable to the employer’s workplaces and other regulations issued by the Commissioner of Labor under the Act.

RTK Covers:

PUBLIC EMPLOYEE RIGHTS

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14

PUBLIC EMPLOYEE RIGHTS

Be notified about their rights under the law

Use their rights under the law without retaliation and discrimination

Receive information and training about workplace hazards and methods to prevent harm

Get results of any test results done to find hazards in the workplace

Review records of work-related injuries and illnesses

Access their own medical records or group results of medical screening conducted by the employer

Ask PESH to inspect their workplace

Refuse to work with a chemical if information is not provided within 72 hours of request

Notification Posters

NYS

RIGHT TO KNOW POSTER

NYS

PUBLIC EMPLOYEE SAFETY AND HEALTH POSTER

15

Training

TRAINING TO INCLUDE:

The chemical substances found in the work place

The potential for occupational exposure

The hazards associated with these substances

The health risks associated with these exposures

Methods to control over-exposures

Employees must be

trained on job related

health hazards and

methods to protect

themselves upon:

Initial hire

Annually

When new hazards are

introduced

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Written Hazard Communication Program

Employer must prepare a written

program outlining how the

requirements of the law will be

fulfilled.

The plan can be accessed at: www.schools.nyc.gov/offices/DHR/OSH

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Employees can ask to see

the plan at any time

Work Related Injuries & Illnesses

The employer must keep a record

of recordable occupational injuries

and illnesses.

SH 900 – Log of Work Related Injuries and Illnesses

SH 900.1 – Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

Post from February 1st – April 30th

SH 900.2 – Injury and Illness Report

RECORDABLE INJURIES

• Injuries requiring more than first aid

• Lost of work days

• Job transfer

• Restriction of duty

• Unconsciousness

• Injuries resulting in death

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19

SH900.1 –

Summary of

Work-Related

Injuries and

Illnesses

Posted from:

February 1st – April 30th

TOXICOLOGY

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Definition of Toxicology

Toxicology is the study of

the harmful effects of

chemicals on biological

systems

21

22

What Makes A Chemical Hazardous?

The presence of hazardous

materials does not necessarily

mean danger:

Gather information (SDS)

Recognize the hazards

Use the chemical as intended

Isolate exposure

Use common sense

23

PHYSICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF

CHEMICALS

24

Physical Manifestations of Chemicals

25

Manifestation Description Routes of

Entry

Vapors The gaseous form of substances that are normally solid or liquid room temperature. The vapor can be changed back to the solid or liquid state either by increasing or decreasing the temperature alone.

Inhalation

Gases Some gases are: easy to detect, some are odorless and colorless, some even deaden your sense of smell.

Solids A solid is a material which retains its form, such as a stone.

Dusts Dusts are tiny solid particles. Larger particles are trapped in the mucous and hairs of the nose and windpipe. Smaller dust particles can be breathed deeply into the lungs.

Liquids A liquid is a state of matter which flows and can change its shape and is not easily compressible and maintains a relatively fixed volume.

Fumes Fumes are formed when a solid, especially metals are heated to very high temperatures and become vaporized. Example: welding fumes.

Absorption

How Chemicals Enter The Body

26

You can breathe toxic dusts, gases, or fumes. These can harm your respiratory system or pass from your lungs into your bloodstream and harm another part of your body.

INHALATION

Toxic substances can get into your body if you eat or smoke without washing contaminated hands.

INGESTION

Toxic liquids can cause damage if they come into contact with your skin or eyes. Some toxic liquids can pass through your skin and enter the bloodstream and cause harm to another part of the body.

SKIN

Toxic substances can get into your body if you are stuck with a contaminated sharp object

INJECTION

BASIC DEFENSE MECHANISMS

27

Basic Defense Mechanisms

Upper Respiratory Tract

28

Cilia

Mucous

Muco-cilliary escalator

Coughing

Sneezing

Nose hairs

Mucous

Lower Respiratory Tract

Alveolar Region

Immune System macrophages

Skin

29

Largest body organ

Waterproof protective layer

against:

Organisms

Chemicals

Overexposure to solvents

denaturizes the skin, leading

to:

Cuts

Breaks

Dry skin

Dose-Response Relationship

The greater the amount of a

substance that enters the

body, the greater is the health

effect on the body

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Body Metabolism

31

DETOXIFICATION • Liver

ELIMINATION • Skin, Kidneys, Lungs

ACCUMULATION • Rate of exposure exceeds the

rate of elimination

ACCUMULATION IS UNIQUE TO THE

CHEMICAL

• Ammonia does not accumulate

• Lead is stored in bone

• PCBs are stored in fat

• Asbestos stored in lungs

TYPES OF HEALTH EFFECTS

32

TYPE OF

HEALTH

EFFECTS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

Acute Effects occur immediately after exposure

Coughing, sneezing, headache

Chronic Effects occur after repeated exposure over time

Hearing loss from ear buds

Sensitization Allergic reaction Rash from laundry detergent

Synergistic Two agents combined together create increased exposure

Bleach + ammonia = chorine gas

Mutagens Cause a change in genetic cell make-up X-rays

Teratogens Cause defects in the unborn Measles, Thalidomide

Carcinogens Cause cancer Benzene, asbestos

Localized Health effect at the point of contact Skin burn

Systemic Effects occur elsewhere from where the chemical entered the body

Lead poisoning, fever

33

Types of Target Organ Effects

34

HEPATOXINS • Liver damage

NEPHROTOXINS • Kidney

NEUROTOXINS • Nervous system damage

PULMONARY • Lung damage

HEMATOPOIETIC • Blood

REPRODUCTIVE TOXINS • Reproductive damage

CUTANEOUS HAZARDS • Skin Damage

OPTICAL HAZARDS • Eye damage

DETERMINING EXPOSURE

35

Practical Clues to Exposure

36

EXPOSURE

Odor

Settled Dust

Particles in Nose

Taste

Immediate Symptoms

Not a reliable warning clue

EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT

37

Biological Threshold Level

38

Some substances have measurable exposure levels below

which most people will not likely show any health effects

PEL • Permissible Exposure Limit • An exposure limit published and enforced by OSHA

as a legal standard

TVL • Threshold Value Limit • A time-weighted average guideline concentration

under which most people can work consistently for 8 hours a day for 40 hours with no harmful effects

Environmental Monitoring

39

Area Sampling

Performed by a laboratory

• asbestos

Direct Reading

Immediate quantification of air pollutant

• Carbon monoxide

Personal Air Sampling

Worn by workers to measure

individual’s actual

exposure

AIR SAMPLING Performed by an Industrial Hygienist

Biological Monitoring

40

Chemical levels and/or its breakdown products are measured

Urine

Blood Sputum

Exhaled air

CONTROLLING EXPOSURE

41

Methods of Controlling Exposure

42

3.

Use protective clothing & equipment

Improve work practices

2.

Remove

or isolate

the hazard

1.

Engineering Controls

43

Engineering controls reduce the hazard at the source of the exposure

• Switching to a less hazardous product

SUBSTITUTION

• Isolation at the source of exposure (construction dusts)

ISOLATION

• Fume hood of intake placed over the source LOCAL EXHAUST

• General circulation and replacement of fresh air

GENERAL VENTILATION

• Reducing dust exposure WET METHODS

• Reducing exposure at the source (Noise dampeners)

LIMITING EXPOSURE

Administrative Controls

44

Training employees on workplace exposures

Time rotation based on task

Establishing safety policies

Workplace hygiene

Proper waste disposal

Administrative controls seek to control employees’ exposure by changing the way a task is performed

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

45

Gloves Respirators Protective clothing

Ear protection

Aprons Boots Eye protection

PPE should be used when engineering controls are not effective

Employees wear PPE to protect them from the hazard in their environment

What is GHS?

Globally Harmonized System

(GHS)

This is an international approach to

hazard communication,

It provides agreed criteria for

classification of chemical hazards,

It utilizes a standardized approach

to label elements and safety data

sheets.

46

Hazard Communication

Standard 2012

The new standard brings the

United States into alignment

with the GHS system of

classification and labeling of

chemicals

CHEMICAL INFORMATION

47

Manufacturer’s Label

48

49

Label Signal Words

50

A signal word is used to indicate the

relative level of hazard severity

More severe hazard

Harmful or fatal if swallowed. A taste to a teaspoonful taken by mouth could kill

an average sized adult

Less severe hazard

Harmful if swallowed. A teaspoonful

to an ounce taken by mouth could

kill an average sized adult

In-house label

51

• Product name

• Physical Hazard

• Health hazard warning including target organs

Materials being decanted from a

larger container must be labeled

All chemical containers in the workplace must be labeled with:

SAFETY DATA SHEETS (SDS)

A document that describes everything

that is known about a chemical

52

Change in Information Sheets

OLD

• Material Safety

Data Sheets

(MSDS)

• 10 sections of

information

NEW (HazCom 2012)

• Safety Data Sheets

(SDS)

• 16 sections of

information

53

Safety Data Sheet Sections

SECTION 1

• Identification/Product Name

SECTION 2

• Hazard Information

SECTION 3

• Ingredient Information

SECTION 4

• First Aid Measures

SECTION 5

• Fire Fighting Measures

SECTION 6

• Accidental Release Measures

SECTION 7

• Handling & Storage

SECTION 8

• Exposure Controls & Personal Protection

SECTION 9

• Physical & Chemical Properties

SECTION 10

• Stability & Reactivity

SECTION 11

• Toxicological Information

SECTION 12

• Ecological Information

SECTION 13

• Disposal Considerations

SECTION 14

• Transport Information

SECTION 15

• Regulatory Information

SECTION 16

• Other Information

54

How to Get A SDS

Your employer must obtain

Safety Data Sheets from the

chemical manufacturer

55

METHODS TO OBTAIN AN SDS:

• Internet-Company Website

• E Mail

• Phone/Fax

• Mail

COMMON WORKPLACE

CHEMICALS

56

Chemical Safety

Chemicals are generally safe when used according to the manufacturer’s directions

However, chemicals can be unsafe if:

Mislabeled

Misused

Handled improperly

57

Common Workplace Solvents

58

A Solvent

is a chemical which dissolves

other materials

Example: Water is a solvent for soap

All purpose cleaners

Paints & stains

Paint thinners

Varnish removers Degreasers

Adhesives

Lubricants

Inhalation of Solvents

59

This is also true for odorless substances

A solvent’s volatility and evaporation rate determines

how quickly it will evaporate.

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

• Central nervous system

effects

• Dizziness

• Light-headedness

• Depression

• Nausea

• Headache

• Respiratory irritation

Evaporation of chemicals release vapors

Vapors enter the lungs

They are carried to organs of the body

Skin Contact with Solvents

60

Direct contact may cause drying and

chapping of skin

Solvents may pass through the skin to the bloodstream

Broken, chapped or dry skin allow

easier passage into the bloodstream

Chronic exposure may lead to

dermatitis

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

• Drying of skin

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS

• Red, inflamed, thick, dry skin

• Allergic skin reactions

Ingestion of Solvents

61

An indirect means of ingestion is more likely:

Unwashed hands

Eating or drinking in the workplace where chemicals are being used

Mists or droplets can contaminate food

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

• Abdominal cramps

• Nausea

• Diarrhea

• Ingestion can cause irritation

of the gastro-intestinal tract

Deliberate and direct ingestion of chemicals is unlikely in workplace

Acute Health Effects

Individual SDS must be consulted for specific Health information

Chronic Health Effects

Nervous System Effects

Permanent memory changes

Lack of coordination and behavior • anxiety • burst of perspiration • loss of balance • sudden mood swings • diarrhea • sexual impotence • chronic fatigue

Long term damage in extremities • n-hexane, methyl-n-butyl ketone

62

If symptoms are experienced:

• remove victim from the source of exposure

• relief should be rapid

If symptoms occur frequently:

• better ventilation and changes in work practices need to be

examined.

Special Solvents

63

TYPE HEALTH HAZARD FOUND IN:

Benzene • Leukemia

• Varnishes

• Finishes

• Wood sealers

• Thinners

• Paints

• Adhesives

• Cleaning & degreasing solutions

• Other products

• Consult the individual SDS

Methylene Chloride

• May cause cancer

Toluene • Liver & Kidney damage • May cause birth defects

Trichlo-ethylene • Liver damage • May cause cancer

Methanol • Causes eye damage and/or

blindness

Formaldehyde • May cause cancer

CLEANERS, SANITIZERS AND

DISINFECTANTS

64

65

CLEANERS OR

DETERGENTS

• Used to remove soil, dirt, dust, and organic matter;

• They work by removing dirt through wiping, scrubbing or mopping;

• Rinsing is an important part of the cleaning process

• Used to reduce germs from surfaces but not necessarily eliminate them;

• Reduce germs from surfaces to levels that are considered safe

SANITIZERS

• Chemical products that destroy or inactivate germs and prevent them from growing;

• They have no effect on dirt, soil or dust;

• Regulated by EPA;

• Used after cleaning for surfaces with visible blood or drainage from infected skin

DISINFECTANTS

Sanitizers and Disinfectants

Designed to kill “pests” such as:

• Infectious germs,

• Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and fungi)

They contain chemicals that are “pesticides”

• Exposure to persistent toxic chemicals can cause health problems

66

COMMON

DISINFECTANTS

HEALTH EFFECTS

Phenol compounds or carbolic acid

• Skin – severe burns, rashes, swelling; poisoning • Inhalation - light sensitivity and sinus congestion • Ingestion may cause vomiting, paralysis, convulsions

Sodium Hypochlorite – chlorine bleach

• Respiratory irritant; can trigger asthma attacks • Skin and eye burns • Creates a deadly gas if mixed with other cleaners, e.g. ammonia

Quaternary ammonia compounds - QUATS

• Irritating to eyes and skin • When properly diluted they are non-staining and non-corrosive to most

surfaces • Products using 1% as active ingredient are toxic to aquatic life

Isopropyl alcohol • Must be 60 – 90% concentration to kill germs • Flammable • Eye irritant • Moderately toxic to humans by skin contact

Pine Oil As a disinfectant it is weak and a 70% solution is needed to kill germs

Hydrogen Peroxide (not in the form sold in drug stores as an antiseptic)

• Irritating to eyes and skin • A sanitizer in cleaning products that contain detergents is effective for

cleaning soiled surfaces

67

Surfaces to Clean

68

Cleaning surfaces people frequently touch is important in preventing the

spread of disease

• If sanitizing is not required, use a

cleaner

• If sanitizing or disinfecting, use a

product that is effective for the

microorganisms being targeted.

• Follow product mixing instructions

and make only as much as you

need.

• Leave the disinfectant in place long

enough for it to do its job

• Wear gloves and goggles

PAINTS

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70

Components of Paints

• The thinner or solvent allows the moisture to be spread.

• It may be water, vegetable oil or solvent. Solvents may contain naphtha, ether, xylene, mineral spirits or alcohol.

Binders hold the paint’s pigment together in a film.

Binders may contain hazardous materials such as alkyd and epoxy resins.

Pigments give paint its color.

They are either synthetic dyes or metal compounds (metallic salts).

Fungicides & stabilizers control flow, suspension, bubble formation, resistance to insects/mold, temperatures, & extend service life

Pigments Binders

Additives

Thinners

71

OTHER HAZARDS HEALTH EFFECTS

Lead Pigments

Chronic exposure to low levels of lead: • can harm the nervous system • cause digestive or blood disorders • cause reproductive problems

Metals • Chromium • Titanium • Cadmium • Zinc

• iron

Exposure may occur during spray painting & sanding • Some chromates have caused lung cancer in humans, although this has not

been reported in people with paints.

• Heating metallic pigments in paints may cause “metal fume fever”

Epoxy Resins

Found In: Impermeable paint, Primer for hardwood floors, Surface paint, Adhesive for concrete walls

Health Hazard: Short-term: irritation of eyes & throat. Long-term: Asthma

Polyurethanes (Isocyanates

Found In: Seam sealers, Polyurethane insulation, Electrical wire coatings

Sort Term: irritation of eyes, nose & throat. Long-Term: Asthma, other allergic lung diseases. May cause cancer. If sensitization occurs, the slightest exposure will cause serious illness

Corrosives

A chemical agent which can

visibly destroy or change

whatever it touches

Flesh

Chemicals

Metals

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73

Acidic and basic are two extremes that describe chemicals.

The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is.

A substance that is neither acidic nor basic is neutral.

When chemicals are mixed with water, the mixture can become either acidic or basic.

Workplace Corrosives

74

Acids

Toilet bowl cleaners

Drain openers

Sulfuric acid

Hydrochloric acid

Rust removers

Battery Acid

Bases

Toilet bowl cleaners

Drain openers

Sulfuric acid

Hydrochloric acid

Rust removers

Battery Acid

pH: 8 - 14 pH: 0 - 6

Corrosives: Health Effects

75

Mild exposure

• Burning, tearing, Irritation

Severe exposure

• Corneal burning, Scarring

Mild Exposure

• Irritation of mouth, nose, throat

Severe exposure

• Hacking cough

• “Heavy chest” feeling

• Chronic bronchitis, Pulmonary edema

Mild exposure

• Red, peeling skin

Sensitization

Severe exposure

• Burns and blisters

• Chronic dermatitis

Reactivity

• Bleach & Ammonia = Chlorine Gas

• Fire & Explosion Hazards

EYES LUNGS SKIN FIRE

Working With Corrosives

Safety Precautions

Read labels & SDS prior to use

Use gloves

Store acids & bases separately

Keep corrosives away from flammables

Do not rub eyes or skin

Remove soiled clothing

If acids are to be mixed with water, add acid to water, not water to acid

Emergencies

Eye Contact

Flush with water for 15 minutes

Spills

Get out!

Ingestion

Never induce vomiting

Call Poison Control Center 212-764-7667 or 911

76

MERCURY

77

What is Mercury (Hg)?

It breaks into small droplets that can lodge

in cracks and crevices

At room temperature, it evaporates easily,

giving off invisible, odorless and toxic

vapors

Mercury does not degrade and cannot be

destroyed.

New York State banned the purchase or

use of elemental mercury in primary and

secondary schools in September 4, 2004.

Mercury is a silvery, liquid metal that occurs naturally in the earth’s surface.

Names: elemental mercury,

metallic mercury, quick silver

78

Mercury Sources in School

79

NURSE’S OFFICE

• Thermometers

• Medical devices

LIGHTS • Fluorescent bulbs

BOILER ROOMS

• HVAC systems

• Plumbing systems,

• Regulators, switches, gauges, valves

SCIENCE ROOMS

• Temperature - thermometers

• Pressure - barometers or phygmomanometers

• Humidity - hygrometers

• Vacuum - laboratory manometers

• Flow - water meters

• Air speed - anemometers

CAFETERIA • Oven/deep fry thermometers

Other Sources of Mercury

80

Thimerisol vaccines

Amalgam fillings Switches, gauges,

valves, Old chemistry sets

Light up sneakers (1990s)

Certain fish Stimulant laxatives

Route of Entry Into The Body

81

The central nervous system is the most sensitive organ for mercury vapor exposure

The health effects depend on:

• how much mercury vapor you breathe

• how long you breathe the vapors.

Health problems can result from short-term or long-term mercury exposure.

Inhalation Skin

absorption Mercury

Health Effects of Mercury Exposure

Short -Term Exposure

• Cough, sore throat

• Shortness of breath

• Chest pain

• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

• Increase in blood pressure or heart rate

• A metallic taste in the mouth

• Eye irritation

• Headache

• Vision problems

Long-Term Exposure

• Anxiety

• Excessive shyness

• Anorexia

• Sleeping problems

• Loss of appetite

• Irritability

• Fatigue

• Forgetfulness

• Tremors

• Changes in vision

• Changes in hearing

82 Adapted from:

CDC.gov

Population Most Sensitive to Mercury

Pregnant women

Hg can pass from a mother’s body to her developing fetus.

Infants

Hg can be passed to nursing infants through breast milk.

Young Children

They tend to play on floors where mercury may have been spilled

They are more likely to breathe more vapors than an adult because they breathe faster and have smaller lungs.

83

High-dose fetal exposures:

• low birth weight • small head circumference • mental retardation, cerebral

palsy • deafness • blindness • seizures

Handling Mercury Spills

84

A spill of 1 gram or 1 milliliter:

• can be cleaned up by a laboratory specialist or a science teacher who has been trained to do so.

• A mercury spill kit should be used.

If the Spill is larger than 1 gram or 1

milliliter:

1. Do not attempt to clean up spill

2. Evacuate the area

3. Open windows

4. Close door and place a “No Entry Sign”

on door

5. Custodian generates PO18

6. Contractor does cleaning-up and air

monitoring

Clean-up of Fluorescent Lamps

85

Wear gloves

DO NOT vacuum or sweep up

broken items

Use a damp cloth to collect

shards of glass and phosphor

powder

Place all spill clean-up materials

in a puncture-resistant, sealed

plastic container or bag

Broken fluorescent lamps should

be disposed of as hazardous

waste.

Do not place broken lamps and

clean-up materials in trash.

If a fluorescent lamp breaks on a

carpet:

• Cut out the contaminated section.

Disposed of as hazardous waste,

or

• Submit a PO 18 and contact your

DDF if a professional mercury

spill clean-up contractor is

needed.

Tips for Handling Universal Waste –

Fluorescent Bulbs

86

Always check the structural integrity of the

containers.

Do not use containers that are damaged or have

remnants of broken bulbs.

Report conditions of these containers to your

Dep. Director of Facilities (DDF).

Handle said containers with due care to prevent

breakage of the bulbs.

Report all accidental spillage of broken

fluorescent bulbs during transportation to your

DDF.

87

Store universal waste containers properly:

Prevent them from becoming damaged or water

logged

Treat broken fluorescent bulbs as

hazardous waste:

Submit the PO18 through the DDF to the Office

of Environmental Safety and Health (EHS).

Follow all guidelines issued by DSF for the

safe handling and transportation of

Universal Waste.

Tips for Handling Universal Waste –

Fluorescent Bulbs

Mercury Waste Disposal

88

Hazardous Waste Disposal Program

(DSF) –

Office of Environmental Safety and

Health (718) 361-3808

NYCDOE Safe Handling of Universal

& Electric Waste Program Mercury

Disposal Program (DSF)

Office of Trucking (718) 349-5634

BED BUGS

89

Bedbug Facts

90

Bedbugs are attracted to humans through heat

and CO2

They are neither a function of poor personal

hygiene nor unsanitary conditions

The often hide in cracks in furniture, floors or

walls

They do not live on humans, but commute to

their host from a hiding place to feed

They are most active at night when people are

sleeping

They do not jump, fly or hop; they walk

They can live for several months without food or

water

They can feed on pets but do not thrive on them

Methods of Bed Bug Introduction

Passive

They are introduced from

another infested location, but

not by its own movement

• Furniture

• Mattress

• Guests

• Employees & Students

• Public Transportation

Active

Bedbugs migrate by walking

from an infested area

• From one room to another

• From one apartment to another via pipes, telephone or cable wires

• Down a hallway after dropping off an item being discarded

91

Bed Bug Infestation

They are found in

dwellings with a high

resident turnover rate:

• Apartment buildings • Hotels • Shelters • Dormitories • Nursing homes

They are also found in

other areas:

• Schools • Child care facilities • Movie theaters • Airplanes • Clothing stores

92

Bedbugs are more common:

• in the homes of people who

travel (business travelers)

• stay in hotels

Impact of Having Bed bugs

93

Bed bugs do not carry diseases

Bites on skin can result in allergic

reactions and secondary infections

Infestation can cause: • stress

• anxiety and sleeplessness,

• discomfort of bites

• social stigma

ONE LIVE BEDBUG IS

NOT AN INFESTATION

Spot the Real Thing

94

Spider beetle Carpet Beetle Larvae Flea

Bed Bug Adult Head/Body Louse Wood Sorrel Seed

1 2 3

4 5 6

Appearance of Bed Bugs

95

• Bed bug eggs are the size of a

pinhead, white in color

• Young bed bugs (nymphs) are

nearly colorless. Ist instar is about

the size of a period at the end of a

sentence.

• Musty Sweet odor

• Adults are the size of an apple or

melon seed (1/4”)

• Brown flat oval body (if not fed

recently)

• Balloon-like, reddish-brown and

more elongated (if fed recently)

96

Signs of Bedbug Infestation

97

• Confirm bed bug identification

• Blood stains from crushed bugs

• Dark and rusty colored droppings

• Shed skins

• Eggs and casing found among

droppings or in crevices where

adults hide

• An offensive, sweet , musty odor

• Live bed bugs.

DOE Bed Bug Policy

98

• Bed Bug information Kit for Schools

• Pest Control Office

718-707-4493

Managing Bed Bugs

99

Reduce Clutter

Frequent vacuuming HEPA vacuuming

Steam Cleaning

• Use of pesticides is one component of bed bug

elimination;

• Bed Bugs have developed resistance to many pesticides;

• Pesticides may not solve the problem of re-infection by

new hitchhikers

• Use comprehensive Integrated Pest Management

(IPM) strategy

Seal Cracks/Voids

Soap and water

Sticky Traps

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

100

Slips, Trips and Falls

Slips, trips and falls can result in:

• head injuries

• back injuries

• broken bones

• cuts and lacerations sprained ankles

• sprained muscles

101

Slips and Falls

Employees may slip and fall from

stepping on:

wet spots

oil spills

chairs and other unsecured surfaces

unsecured ladders or ladders without

non-slip feet

loose flooring tiles and mats

uneven walking surfaces

floor clutter

unsecured electrical cords & tools

102

Most slip, trip and fall incidents are preventable with general precautions and safety measures

103

Basic Principles of Proper Lifting

• Turn with your

feet, NOT your

back

• Assess the lift

• Get close to the

object

• Keep the normal

curve in your back

• Tighten your

abdominals

• Push with your legs

• Lift slowly and

smoothly

• Keep the object

close to your body

104

continued

Lifting Large Heavy Bags

105

Handling Garbage

106

HARMFUL GARBAGE

• Tie off the bag while it is in the can

DUST HAZARD

• Stand back while emptying one pail into another

LOOK OUT FOR SHARP

OBJECTS

• Never use your hand to pull waste out of the can

• Don’t smash down on overflowing cans with your hands/feet

• Carry garbage bags away from your body

WASH • Wash hands after handling garbage

SAFE WORK PRACTICES

107

Hand-Washing Facts

108

A 2013 undercover

study found only

5 % of people wash their

hands correctly

Sanitizers can

be less effective

because people may

not use enough or may

wipe it off before it has

dried

Using

soap and water to wash hands is more

effective than water alone

because the surfactants in

soap lift soil and microbes

from the skin

7 % of women and

15 % of men do not wash their

hands at all after

using the restroom

CDC states that

failing to wash

hands correctly

contributes to nearly

50 %

of all foodborne

illness outbreaks

At least a 70%

Alcohol-based

hand sanitizer is the

best alternative when

soap and water are

not available

Hand washing

reminder signs

increase frequency and length

of hand-washing

Triclosan, an ingredient

found in antibacterial soaps, is

under review by the FDA due to

potential health concerns and

questionable benefits. A final

decision is expected by

September 2016

Women: • wash their hands

significantly more often,

• use soap more often, and

• wash longer than men.

Researchers in London

estimate that if everyone

routinely washed their

hands,

a million deaths a year could be

prevented.

Soap & water are

more effective than hand sanitizers at

removing certain kinds of

germs

Source: Michigan State University, Hand Washing Study, CDC

Hand Washing

The single

most effective method for

reducing the spread

of

infectious diseases

109

TRANSMISSION OF

MICROORGANISMS

110

Food & Water

• Microbes can get into our food at any

point along the food chain from

‘plough to plate’.

• Eating contaminated food can cause

symptoms of:

• food poisoning

• gastroenteritis

• Microbes can be spread from one

food to another through cross

contamination:

• Poor bathroom hygiene

• Unwashed hands, or

• dirty kitchen utensils,

111

Examples of Diseases • Norovirus

• Hepatitis A

• E-coli

Insects

112

Infected blacklegged ticks can spread Lyme Disease

West Nile Virus is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito. They become

infected when they feed on infected birds. Infected mosquitoes can then

spread WNV to humans and other animals when

they bite.

House flies can spread Salmonella and E.coli. They

feed on fecal waste and transfer microbes from

their feet and other body parts to food.

Mosquito Housefly

Respiratory Tract: Sneezing & Coughing

113

• Germs multiply in eyes, nose and mouth and lungs

• Passes from nose or mouth to hands and to objects

• Infected droplets can land on desks, pens, keyboards and stair railings.

• The flu virus can stay alive for several hours on surfaces.

A SNEEZE

Examples of Diseases

• Common cold • Influenza • Tuberculosis

• Bacterial meningitis • Chickenpox • Mumps, Measles, Rubella • Whooping cough • SARS (Severe acute respiratory

syndrome)

Airborne & Droplet Transmission

114

Handshaking Contaminated objects Rubbing eyes, nose & mouth

Kissing

Common Ways

Germs are Spread

115

Eye, nose mouth Hands People

Hands Food Mouth

Infected child Hands Other children

Pets People

What’s on Your Hands?

116

1,500 germs on

each square centimeter of hands

Touching contaminated surfaces and then rubbing eyes, putting fingers in the mouth, or scratching your nose may lead to the following:

• Common cold

• Influenza

• Conjunctivitis (pink eye)

• H1N1

• Strep throat

• SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome)

• MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphyloccus

aureus)

Which is Cleaner?

117

or

There are 49 germs per

square inch on your toilet seat

There are 46,000 germs per square inch on your cell

phone

Where do Germs Hide? • Elevator buttons

• Phone receiver

• Bathroom doorknob

• Bathroom faucet

• Keyboards

• Escalator handrails

• Pens, pencils and crayons

• Work desk

• Playground equipment

• Garbage can

• Money

• ATM machine buttons

• Gas pump handles

• Shopping cart handles

• Kitchen sink is worse than bathroom

• Dishcloth, sponge

• Refrigerator

• Light switches

• Remote controls

• Toys

• Bathroom cups

• Pet cages

118

BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

119

Federal Law:

Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

29 CFR 1910.1030

120

If your job tasks place you at increased risk for exposure

to blood and other potentially infectious body fluids …

YOUR EMPLOYER MUST IMPLEMENT METHODS

TO PROTECT YOU FROM EXPOSURE TO

DISEASES CAUSED BY BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

Federal Regulation 29 CFR 1910.1030 Mandates:

121

The epidemiology, symptoms, and common modes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens diseases

The risks of certain job tasks

How to reduce risks

The steps to be taken after exposure to blood and infectious body fluids

Employees with increased risk require training on:

What Are Bloodborne Pathogens?

122

Pathogenic Micro-organisms that are present in human blood and can cause diseases in humans

Examples of Bloodborne Pathogens Diseases

HIV

AIDS

Syphilis Malaria

Hepatitis B Hepatitis C

Transmission Agents

• Blood

• Any body fluid visibly contaminated

with blood

• Saliva, vomit, urine laced with blood

• Skin tissue, cell cultures

• Saliva from dental procedures

Other Potentially Infectious

Materials (OPIM)

• Semen

• Vaginal Fluids

• Peritoneal - abdominal

• Cerebrospinal – brain & spinal chord

• Amniotic – pregnant uterus

• Synovial - joints

• Pleural - lung

• Pericardial - heart

123

Occupational Exposure

124

Bloodborne pathogens are spread when infected blood or

OPIM gets into the bloodstream of an uninfected person

12

5

Transmission of Bloodborne Pathogens

• Saliva

• Sweat

• Tears

• Urine

• Air

• Insects

Casual contact:

Sharing spoons, forks

Hand shaking

Kissing

Coughing & sneezing

Toilet seats

Swimming pools

Sharing telephones

Drinking fountains

HIV, Hepatitis B & C

are generally not spread through:

Special Risks for Custodial Employees

126

• Hypodermic needles

• Broken glass

• Tools

• Wire

• Sharp objects in trash

cans

Sharp Object

Contaminated Surfaces • Sewage

• Countertops

• Tables

• Floors

• Bathroom surfaces

Openings in skin

• Cuts

• Nicks

• Burns

• abrasions

• Acne sores

Chemical Exposure

• Strong detergents and

cleansers can cause

skin rashes

Physical Injuries

• Pinching

• Cuts

• Hinged joints on

equipment

Good Samaritan Acts

• Helping an injured

co-worker or

student

Bloodborne Pathogens can be

Transmitted Through……

127

Taken from AIDS.gov

80% <10% 10%

22 times

more likely to

live with HIV

than general

population

HIV/AIDS

128

Since the beginning of the epidemic:

• Almost 70 million people have been infected with HIV

• About 35 million people have died of AIDS

Global Impact

129

• HIV is the world’s leading infectious killer

• 19 million of the 35 million people living with HIV today do not know that

they have the virus

• There has been progress in reducing mother-to-child transmission by

67% in low-middle income countries

HIV/AIDS in the USA

130

- Have been infected

with HIV since 1981

- Live with HIV

- With AIDS have

died since 1981

New infections yearly

HIV/AIDS in New York State

131

NY leads the nation in the number of new HIV cases.

There are about 129,000 HIV/AIDS cases in NYS.

80% live in NYC.

What is HIV?

132

Human - This virus can only infect humans.

Immunodeficiency – HIV weakens the

immune system by destroying disease fighting

cells.

Virus – A virus can only reproduce by taking over a cell in the body of its host.

H

I

V

Signs & Symptoms of HIV Infection

133

AIDS Related Symptoms: • Fever • Chills • Rash • Night Sweats • Muscle aches • Sore throat • Fatigue • Swollen lymph nodes • Ulcers in mouth

Sometimes people living with HIV go through periods of being sick and then feel fine

This period is called the “chronic” or “latency” phase. Most people do not have symptoms of HIV infection.

What is AIDS?

134

Syndrome – A syndrome is a collection of symptoms and signs of disease. AIDS manifests with a wide range of complications and symptoms.

Deficiency – You get AIDS when your immune system isn’t working as well as it should.

Acquired – AIDS is not inherited from your parents but is acquired after birth.

A

Immuno - Your body’s immune system includes cells and organs that work to fight off infection or disease.

I

D

S

Signs of AIDS

135

Examples of some Opportunistic

Diseases A diagnosis of AIDS is made when the person:

• Experiences one or more opportunistic infections

• Manifests Certain cancers

• Has a low CD4 cell count (<200 cells/mm3)

Opportunistic

Infections

Tuberculosis

Pneumonia

Herpes Simplex

Candidiasis

Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Cervical cancers

Some Symptoms of AIDS

• Fatigue

• Diarrhea

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Fever,

• Chills, night sweats

• Wasting Away Syndrome

HEPATITIS B

136

137

Hepatitis B (HBV) H

BV

HBV is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause acute and chronic disease.

It can cause chronic liver disease and can lead to cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver and liver cancer

HBV is the most common serious liver infection in the world

HBV is an important occupational hazard for health workers

HBV in The USA

138

HBV 3.5 – 5.3 million have chronic infection.

Many cases of HBV are not detected or reported to health departments

HBV is a leading infectious cause of death

Childhood vaccination programs led to 98% decline between 1990 – 2006 among children < 15years.

HBV in NYC

139

HBV Burden of chronic infection among adults remains large.

Each year the DOHMH receives about 11,500–13,000 newly reported cases.

67% of those with newly reported infection are largely due to immigration from highly endemic areas.

Hepatitis B Facts

140

HBV is 50 – 100 more infectious than HIV

Is very robust and can survive outside the body for at least 7 days

is most commonly spread from mother to child in highly endemic areas

can be asymptomatic; therefore, 2/3 of infected persons are unaware of their infection

most people recover and develop immunity within 6 months

5% of adults, 30-50% children, and 80 – 90% of infants develop chronic infection

Transmission Period for Hepatitis B

141

Incubation period varies from 30 – 180 days

Average Incubation Period is 75 days

HBV can be detected 30 -60

days after infection

Even without symptoms, infected

persons can still spread HBV to other

Hepatitis B Symptoms

Acute Infection Stage Chronic Infection Stage

Liver Damage Cirrhosis

Liver Cancer Death

142

Nausea

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Extreme tiredness

Abdominal pain

Pains in muscles & joints

Jaundice

Dark urine

SYMPTOMS CAN LAST SEVERAL DAYS, BUT CAN PERSIST FOR UP TO 6 MONTHS

Prevention

The Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent Hepatitis B disease

It is safe and effective

143

Engerix B

Manufactured by Glaxo-SmithKlein

TH

E

HE

PA

TIT

IS

B V

AC

CIN

E Is made from a yeast derivative – no blood products

Does not cause HBV infection

Provides long term immunity – booster doses are not recommended

Is 90% effective

Children in the US receive the vaccine at birth

The Hepatitis B Vaccine

The vaccine is given in a three dose

series

Dose #1 – Initial dose

Dose #2 – 30 days after dose #1

Dose #3 – 5 months after dose #2

144

Dosage: 0, 1, and 5 months

All three doses are needed to provide immunity

If the series is interrupted, the next dose should be administered

as soon as possible.

The Hepatitis B Vaccine

1. Is free;

2. Is administered during work

hours;

3. Employees must be released to

receive the vaccine.

4. Employees are scheduled in

advance of the vaccine event;

5. Is administered by a licensed

health care professional.

145

HBV Vaccine

146

You are allergic to baker’s yeast

Your had a life-threatening allergic reaction to a previous dose of HBV

You are moderately or severely ill on your appointment day

You are pregnant

You have medical concerns

The HBV is a safe vaccine. Some people may experience:

• Soreness at the injection site

• Low grade fever

If there is a severe reaction:

• Seek medical help immediately

• Report it to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) - 800- 822-7967

Speak to your physician if:

HEPATITIS C (HCV)

147

Hepatitis C

148

HCV Was first identified in 1989

Causes 80 – 90% of chronic liver diseases

Can remain undetected in the body for up to 20 years

A blood test can identify the virus 6 – 8 weeks after exposure

Transmission from mother to child is small

Risk of sexual transmission is small

There is no vaccine for HCV

HCV is associated with:

Tattoo Parlors

Body piercing

Blood transfusions before 1992

Sharing needles

149

Hepatitis C: Worldwide

Epidemiology: Hepatitis C

METHODS OF COMPLIANCE

150

Universal Standard Precautions

151

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

CONTROL MEASURES when there is potential for exposure to blood or OPIM

MAKES BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

TRANSMISSION UNLIKELY

A practice of treating all human

blood and OPIM as if they are

infectious at all times.

ALL EMPLOYEES MUST PRACTICE UNIVERSAL PRECUATIONS

Informational Poster

152

This poster must be

conspicuously posted on

the health and safety

bulletin board.

Informational Brochures

1. Bloodborne Standard Facts for At-Risk Employees

• Provides basic information about bloodborne pathogens, the regulation, and smart work practices.

2. Handling Bloodborne Exposure Incidents for School Employees

• Provides information on what you should do if you had an exposure to blood or OPIM.

153

Labeling

154

Labels must be fluorescent orange or

orange-red with the biohazard symbol

or biohazardous waste lettering in a

contrasting color

METHODS OF CONTROLLING

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO BLOOD

AND OPIM

155

Engineering Controls: Remove the hazard

15

6

Sharps containers

Red Bags

Safer Medical Devices

Sharps with engineered sharps injury protections

These isolate or remove the hazard from the workplace

Work Practice Controls: Remove the risk

157

Practice hand hygiene after removing gloves

Decontaminate equipment and surfaces after contact with blood

Dispose of regulated waste in designated containers

Wash hands and body parts as soon as possible after exposure

Use mechanical methods to pick up broken glassware

Minimize exposure to blood and OPIM

158

is the most effective method for reducing the spread of

infectious diseases

BEFORE hand washing AFTER improper hand washing

159

Put Your Hands Together

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) TV

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

160

PPE is used to minimize occupational exposure

It prevents blood and body fluids from reaching an employee’s

clothes, skin, mouth, eyes, or other mucus membranes

Gloves Aprons Eye Protection

Resuscitation Bags Masks, Face Shields Foot Protection

Rules for PPE

161

Must be appropriate

Must be suitable to the

task being performed

Must be free Must be easily accessible to employees

Rules for using Personal Protective Equipment

162

Select the correct PPE for the job

Be certain it fits properly

Remove it if it is torn or punctured

Cover cuts and abrasions first

Remove PPE before leaving the work area

Wash hands after removing gloves

Gloves

Provided in different sizes

Latex-free

Aprons, Goggles &

Sleeves

Used for splash

hazards

Removing Gloves

163

PINCH one glove back by the cuff until it comes off inside out.

Discard or cup it in the palm of your gloved hand

HOOK a finger of your bare hand inside the cuff of the remaining glove

PULL BACK so this glove also comes off inside-out with the first glove tucked inside it.

1

Employee Training

164

TR

AIN

ING

At initial assignment

Annually

Training must be interactive

During normal work hours

Newly hired at-risk employees

should be trained and vaccinated

within 10 days of assignment

Employees with occupational risk

should be trained:

Training Responsibility

165

Exposure Control Plan (ECP)

166

A written plan which details how

your site will protect employees

from the hazards of exposure to

blood and OPIM

• Identifies hazards of potential job exposure

• Identifies jobs that carry risk of exposure

• Shows how to minimize exposure risks

• Is easily accessible to employees

This plan must be posted on the

health and safety bulletin board.

Cleaning Schedules

167

All surfaces contaminated with blood or OPIM

must be decontaminated with a bleach solution

or EPA approved disinfectant

Principal

School Nurse

Custodian

The Site Employee Safety Administrator

(SESA) develops and posts the cleaning

schedule in consultation with the Principal,

School Nurse and Custodian

Cleaning Schedules

168

Cleaning schedules must be

posted in identified areas

Custodians are Responsible for:

169

General housekeeping

Cleaning walls and floors

Cleaning up significant amounts of blood

Gross contamination involving blood or OPIM

DECONTAMINATION

PROCEDURES

17

0

General Decontamination Guidelines

ABSORB GROSS BLOODY MATERIALS WITH AN ABSORBENT

1. Immediately place gross material in a plastic bag.

2. Dispose in red medical waste bag.

DISINFECT:

1. The contaminated area.

2. Mop, broom, dust-pan used in clean-up.

For more information, refer to OOSH Bulletin,

Handling of Regulated Waste and Clean up Protocol

17

1

CDC Recommended Disinfection Solution

172

1 part bleach

10 parts of water

Disinfection Solution

GUIDLINES

Make a fresh solution daily or as needed

Apply/soak and allow to stand for 15 minutes

NOTE: Bleach solution placed directly on large amounts of protein matter (blood, vomitus, feces or may create noxious vapors

POST EXPOSURE & FOLLOW UP

17

3

Exposure Incidents

Employees who have

been contaminated by

blood, may have been

exposed to HBV, HCV

and/or HIV.

DEFINITIONS

Exposure Incident - A specific eye, mouth, other mucous

membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood

or other potentially infectious materials that results from the

performance of an employee’s duties.

Parenteral means piercing mucous membranes or the skin

barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites,

cuts and abrasions.

17

4

Immediately after Exposure to Blood or OPIM:

175

WASH Needle sticks with non-abrasive soap and water

CLEAN Any foreign matter including glass and shards

FLUSH Splashes to eye, nose, mouth and skin with water

IRRIGATE Eyes with tap water, or use bottled eye wash

STOP Any bleeding by applying sterile gauze

BANDAGE Your injury

REPORT The incident to your supervisor and SESA

Exposure does not necessarily mean infection

17

6

Risk depends on:

Pathogen type

Exposure type

Amount of blood or other body fluids involved

Amount of virus in the source’s blood or OPIM

Post Exposure Policy

177

Exposure Incidents

Employees who have been exposed to blood, OPIM, or needle sticks must be offered the opportunity to receive medical attention free of charge. Employees may decline.

HHC or the employee’s private physician

Employees must be released to seek medical attention during the affected work shift.

Transportation to/from the medical facility must be provided by the employer.

Exposure incidents must be documented on either the Exposure Incident Form or the Sharps Injury Form

Refer to Handling Bloodborne Exposure Incidents brochure.

The employee may request the written evaluation from the Health and Hospitals Corporation facility within 15 days of the completion of the evaluation.

Post Exposure Reports

178

Used to document occupational exposures

Used to report injury with contaminated sharps

SHARPS INJURY REPORT

EXPOSURE INCIDENT REPORT

Documents To Take to HHC

The Employee should be

given a copy of:

• Handling Bloodborne Exposure Incidents for Custodial Employees

179

1. Bloodborne Pathogens Regulations

2. Exposure Incident Report

3. Medical Services Referral Form

The health care’s written opinion will focus on:

• whether the employee has received the vaccine, or it is

recommended

• The employee has been told about any condition

resulting from the exposure.

All other findings shall remain confidential and not be included in the written report.

Recordkeeping

180

• Exposure Incident records are kept by the school for the duration of employment + 30 years

MEDICAL RECORDS

• Keep for 5 years TRAINING RECORDS

• Kept by the employer for 5 years SHARPS INJURY

LOG

SUMMARY

181

Good Work Practices

OBSERVE UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

• During any contact with blood and body fluids

PPE

• Use before handling body fluids

• Ensure a good fit

• Don’t reuse disposable PPE

HAND HYGIENE

• Wash hands before touching your eyes, nose, or mouth

• Cover openings in the skin

GLASSWARE

• Never use bare hands to pick up broken glassware

• Use a broom and dustpan

TRASH

• Don’t smash overflowing containers with hands or feet

DISINFECTION & CLEAN UP

• Follow procedures

182

Training Information

183

QUESTIONS?

Email:

BBPquestions@schools.nyc.gov

Call the BBP Hotline:

718-935-2895

THE END

184