Health promotion urban spaces paz.ppt
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Transcript of Health promotion urban spaces paz.ppt
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Berta Paz Lourido, PhDUniversity of the Balearic Islands, [email protected]
Health Promotion & urban spaces
from the social determinants perspective
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It is known that…Cities can play a critical role indetermining health and healthequity through the provision ofbasic goods such as health andsocial services.
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By 2030, six out of every 10 peoplewill live in cities.
By 2050, seven of every 10 peoplewill do.
The nature of urban change differswithin and among regions.
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The process of urbanization isoften accompanied byimprovements in indicators ofhealth and life expectancy.
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But there is a unequaldistribution of health both withincountries and within cities.
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The next question…?What are the attributes of urbangovernance, urban daily livingconditions (social and physicalenvironments) and climatechange that contribute to urbanhealth inequities?
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Urban planning
and design
(physicalenvironment)
Environmentalchange
(climate)
Urbansocial
conditions
Urban Governance
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EvidencesThere is a reciprocalrelationship betweenurban social conditions andthe built enviornment.
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The poor or disadvantaged almostalways live in the worst housing orworst neibourhoods.
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And they are less likely to accesspublic spaces and goods as aresult of social and physicalbarriers.
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Therefore, good urban planningcan help offset socialdisadvantage, while bad urbanplanning can exacerbate it.
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Urban planning can help mitigateclimate change, depending uponhow energy-efficient and carbon-intensive the cityʼs buildings, urbanbuilt form and tranport system are.
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The nature of the physicalenvironment can also assistpeople in adapting to climatechange.
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The effects of climate changeand other forms of environmentaldegradation can exacerbatehealth inequities that are rootedin social and economicconditions.
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When the natural and builtenvironments and social andeconomic conditions are wellintegrated, the product is bothimproved health and greaterhealth equity, and even morebroadly, higher and more equitablelevels of human development.
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This is to the benefit of thecitizens, their communities, localbusiness and employers, the cityand indeed the nation as awhole.
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In rich countries, children frompoor socioeconomic classessuffer more injuries and deathsfrom road crashes than theircounterparts from high incomegroups.
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The disruption of naturalenvironmental systems, includingclimate change, has profoundimplications for the health andsurvival of people globally.
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Crime and violence are morepronounced in urban areas, andspecially in slum areas.
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A social determinants approachsuggest that improving livingconditions in areas such asincome, housing, transport,employment, education, socialsupport and health services iscentral to improve the health ofurban populations.
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The overall quality of the urbanenvironment can have impactsupon physical and mentalhealth.
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Many recrational facilities(recreation centres, youth centres,parks, physical fitness facilities,bicicle rentals, swimming poolsand gyms) are unequallydistributed, with poorbeighbourhoods at a strongdisadvantage.
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Therefore…The urban physical form, its socialinfrastructure, the added pressureof climate change and the role ofgovernance could determineequitable health benefits fromurbanization in the context ofglobalization.
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Urban planning and design have aparticularly role in terms ofinfluencing the urban physicalenvironment and thus influencinghealth inequities.
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The health sector need to stablishpartnerships with other sectorsand civil society to carry out abroad spectrum of interventions.
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Strong political commitmentto better urban planning andgovernance is crucial to createthe intended improvements insustained living conditions andhealth equity.