Health, Healthy Life-Style

Wellness

WE ARE HEALTHY IF WE ARE NOT SICK ? ? ?

HEALTH Vs. MEDICAL CARE

2/3 OF THE DEATH UNDER AGE 65 ARE POTENTIALLY PREVENTABLE

Are You a Healthy Person

Life Expectancy at Birth

*Death registration area only. The death registration area increased from 10 States and the District of Columbia in 1900 to the entire United States in 1933. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.

Past and projected female and male life expectancy at birthUnited States, 1900–2050.

Life Expectancy by Country

Country Years of LifeExpectancy

Country Years of LifeExpectancy

Japan 82.9France 82.6Switzerland 81.9

Sweden 81.6

Spain 81.5

Canada 81.2

Australia 80.9

Italy 80.8

Norway

80.7

Netherlands 80.4

Greece 80.3

Finland 80.3

Austria 80.1

Germany 79.8

Belgium 79.8England and Wales 79.6

Israel 79.3

Singapore 79.0

United States 78.9

Japan 76.4

Sweden 76.2

Israel 75.3

Canada 75.2

Switzerland 75.1

Greece 75.1

Australia 75.0

Norway 74.9

Netherlands 74.6

Italy 74.4England and Wales 74.3

France 74.2

Spain 74.2

Austria 73.5

Singapore 73.4

Germany 73.3

New Zealand 73.3

Northern Ireland 73.1

Belgium 73.0

Cuba 73.0

Costa Rica 73.0

Finland 72.8

Denmark 72.8

Ireland 72.5

United States 72.5

MaleFemale

Source: World Health Organization, United Nations; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Center for Health Statistics,and National Vital Statistics System, 1990–1995 and unpublished data.

Health

*Absence of disease

& disability

*Energy to accomplish

daily tasks and active leisure without undue

fatigue

Physical Health

*Absence of mentaldisorders

*Ability to meet

daily challenges andsocial interactions

without unduemental, emotional,

or behavioralproblems

Mental Health

*Ability to interact

effectively withother people and

the socialenvironment,

enjoying satisfyingpersonal

relationship

Social Health

HEALTH DEATHHigh-RiskBehavior

Disease

*Physical,mental social, spiritual well-being *positive lifestyle habits

*Smoking*High-fat, low-fiber diet*Inactivity*High stress*Alcohol & other drug abuse*Reckless driving*Unsafe sex

Coronary heart diseaseCancerStrokeDiabetesAIDSObesityHypertensionAlcoholismCirrhosisOsteoporosis

Major Causes of Death in the USA in 1900 & 1995

Source: U.S. Dept. Health & Human Services. 1997

Leading Causes of Death, 1997

*Not all States are represented.Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. National Vital Statistics System and unpublished data. 1997.

GOOD HEALTH DEPENDS ON CERTAIN LIFE-STYLE CHOICES:

WHAT WE EAT

HOW ACTIVE WE ARE

WHETHER OR NOT WE SMOKE

PRECAUTIONS WE TAKE TO AVOID INJURIES AND ACCIDENTS

HOW WE DEAL WITH TENSION AND ANXIETY

HOW WE MANAGE THE ENVIRONMENTS IN WHICH WE LIVE AND WORK

HEALTH

A STATE OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING AND NOT ONLY MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE OR INFIRMITY.

THE ENJOYMENT OF THE HIGHEST ATTAINABLE STANDARD OF HEALTH IS ONE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF EVERY HUMAN BEING WITHOUT DISTINCTION OF RACE, RELIGION, POLITICAL BELIEF, ECONOMIC OR SOCIAL CONDITION.

--- WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ----

Health is optimal well-being that contributesto quality of life

Health is more than freedom from illness

Health includes a high level of mental, social,emotional, spiritual, and physical fitness within the limits of one’s heredity and personal disabilities.

HEALTH EDUCATION

Health education is the part of health care that is concerned with promoting healthy behavior. The principal objective of health education is to help people to achieve health by their own actions and efforts

--- World Health Organization ---

RISK FACTORS

A factor or circumstance that relates to increased risk of requiring a disease or medical condition including hypokinetic conditions

LIFE-STYLE

• specific behaviors or ways an individual typically lives

CHANGING LIFE-STYLE IS THE BEST WAY TO PREVENT EARLY DEATH IN OUR SOCIETY

Healthy life-styles learned early in life are most likely to be maintained throughout life

It is never too late to adopt positive life-styles to promote optimal health

HEALTHY LIFE-STYLES

• EXERCISING REGULARLY• EATING REGULARLY• CONTROLLING STRESS• ADOPTING GOOD SAFETY HABITS• SEEKING AND COMPLYING WITH

MEDICAL ADVICE• LEARNING FIRST AID• AVOIDING DESTRUCTIVE HABITS

WELLNESS

The integration of all parts of health (mental, social, emotional, spiritual, and physical) that expands one’s potential to live and work effectively and to make a significant contribution to society.

A wellness model of stressplaces the stress appraisal process in

the context of the individual’s level of well-being across the Physical, Social, Emotional, Intellectual, Spiritual & Environmental

dimensions of health. Stress appraisal never occurs in a vacuum. It is affected by our micro-

and macro-environments.

Wellness & Health

A state of complete mental,Physical, and social well-being;Not merely the absence of disease

A state of optimal health acrossthe six dimensions

socialphysical

emotional

intellectual

spiritual environmental

Six Dimensions of Wellness

Physical: how well the body performs its functions.

Genetic inheritance

Nutritional status

Physical fitness level

Immune status

influence

Anythingelse ?

Social: Being connected to others through various types of relationships

Able to form relationships

Able to give & receive love & affection

Able to share joys & sorrows

What is the best relationship in our society? In your life?

What is the worse relationship in our society? In your life?

Emotional: Being in touch with feelings, having the ability to express them,And being able to control them when necessary.

Feeling:LovingCaringHatingHurtreleaseJoyAnxietyFearFrustrationIntense anger

Make us feel alive

Provide us with experiences

Only in human being??

Intellectual: Ability to process information effectively

Openness to new ideaCapacity to question and think criticallyMotivation to master new skillsSense of humorCreativitycuriosity

Learn, evaluate and store health-related information

Detect problemsand find solutions

Direct behavior

Never stop learning

Spiritual: Feeling: Beliefs, principles or values that give meaningAnd purpose to our life.

People with higher levels of intrinsic spiritualityTend to be healthier.

(McBride et al. 1998, The relationship between a patient’sSpirituality and health experience. Family Medicine, 30, 122-126)

ReligionSupernatural force

A mental support?

Environmental: The physical and social surroundings that affect individuals’Functioning on both micro and macro levels

Micro Macro

SchoolHomeWorksiteNeighborhoodFamilyFriendsAssociateSocial support

theft, crime, violence, pollution

CountryWorld

Stress & Wellness

Amount of stressIn life

Ability to managestress

Function ofsix dimensions of wellness

influence

Mental & Emotional

Stress response begins in the mind

Physical

socialSafety net

Handle with potential stressors

Spiritual

Environmental

Mental & Emotional

Stress response begins in the mind

Physical

socialSafety net

Handle with potential stressors

Spiritual

Environmental

Mobilize energyCope with everyday stress

Sense of inner calm

Better able to discriminate True stressors from non-st

Stay focused and helpful introuble time

Safe & healthSupport efforts