Depression / Bipolar Disorder

Changing Brain Function and Structure

Dr John Bergman

KThe more meds you take , the worse youll get..... im 57, never went to dr. Very healty.... The first time I went to dr. at 50, they wanted to put me on bp med, cholest med.... I went to a sinus dr. , he wanted to give me steroids.... I never had high bp till I started going to dr.   I took the med for a while and felt like I was dead... slept all the time.... they put me on cholest med... my arms went numb...that made my blood sugar climb.... its ridiculous....im taking fiber and oatmeal, fish oil, garlic. vit c and e ,etc. and my cholest and tryg. finally came down by itself.

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Ancient Greece, disease was thought due to an imbalance in the four basic bodily fluids, or humors.

Ancient Greek melas, "black", and kholé, "bile", melancholia

Hippocrates:"fears and despondencies, if they last a long time" as being symptomatic of the ailment

17th century Robert Burton's book, The Anatomy of Melancholy melancholy helped by, a healthy diet, sufficient sleep, music, and "meaningful work", along with talking about the problem with a friend

•1950 depression -chemical imbalance in neurotransmitters in the brain•1960s and 70s, manic-depression or bipolar disorder•1980 Major depressive disorder was added to DSM-III in 1980

History of Depression

The Perfect Storm

•Food•Elimination

•Movement

•Social & Mental Health

•Health Care

OrganicProcessed/GMO

1 to 3 times a day

½ hour weekly

½ hour daily

Time for self/friends/family

Life out of balanceWork With the BodyMedicate the Body

• Heart conditions- (1 in 3)•Cancer-------------- (1 in 3)•Mental Disorders- (1 in 4)•COPD--(3rd cause of death)•Joint Disorders----(1 in 3)•Diabetes------------- (1 in 4)•High Blood Pres.- (1 in 3)•Back Problems-- (1 in 4)•High Cholesterol-- (1 in 6)•Child Birth-- (C-sec. 30%)

The Rise of "Western" Degenerative Brain Disease PANDEMIC

Alarming increase in neurological diseases in Western nations:•Parkinson's•Alzheimer's•Dementia•Attention Deficit Disorder•Autism-spectrum disorders•Depression•Bipolar Disorder•Fibromyalgia

Causes:•Trauma•a sedentary lifestyle•Artificial sweeteners like aspartame•Pesticides•MSG•Vaccinations

44 yo woman

Jane 52 yo just recovered from depression

Kay 44 yo 7 Rx’s for Dx of 7 years Bipolar

Altered structure causes Altered Function of the Brain

Environment and brain plasticity: towards an endogenous pharmacotherapy.

Physiol Rev. 2014 Jan

Brain plasticity refers to the remarkable property of cerebral neurons to change their structure and function in response to experience, a fundamental theoretical theme in the field of basic research and a major focus for neural rehabilitation following brain disease.

…the influence exerted by the environment on brain plasticity processes, with special emphasis on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms … highly relevant work performed in humans.

…how changes at the level of neuronal properties can ultimately affect and direct key perceptual and behavioral outputs.

…striking ability of environmental enrichment and physical exercise to empower adult brain plasticity.

Endogenous substances are those that originate from within an organism, tissue, or cellPharmacotherapy is the treatment of disease through the administration of drugs

Hippocampus

Hippocampal interneurons in bipolar disorder.Arch Gen Psychiatry.  2011; 68(4):340-50 (ISSN: 1538-3636)(Hippocampus is smaller in people with Bipolar disorder )

hippocampus is part limbic system:

•incoming sensory signals are retransmitted and initiate behavioral reactions •Pleasure•Rage•Passivity•excessive sexual drive•modulation of emotions•Involved in mood disorders, depression, bipolar disorder

At least three different psychiatric conditions cause the shrinkage (atrophy)DepressionPost-Traumatic Stress DisorderBipolar Disorder

Drug Therapy VS Solutionthe available evidence suggests that the hippocampus plays an important role in the pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorder.

Behav Pharmacol. 2007 Sep;18(5-6):419-30.The role of hippocampus in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.

Unipolar depression to bipolar depression

*extraordinary boom in bipolar diagnoses, and that is definitely tied to the widespread use of antidepressants

*kids 25% to 50% kids placed on an antidepressant, who stay on that antidepressant for five years, will convert to bipolar illness

*adults 25% of unipolar depression will convert to bipolar. *Bipolar used to be a fairly rare disorder but now it’s becoming much more common.

*converting from depression to bipolar, treated with a cocktail of medications including an antipsychotic medication *Only about 35 percent of bipolar patients are employed

Suicidal Behavior and Severe Neuropsychiatric Disorders Following Glucocorticoid Therapy in Primary Care

Laurence Fardet, M.D., Ph.D.; Irene Petersen, Ph.D.; Irwin Nazareth, M.D., Ph.D.

Am J Psychiatry 2012;

Conclusions:  Glucocorticoids increase the risk of suicidal behavior and neuropsychiatric disorders. Educating patients and their families about these adverse events and increasing primary care physicians' awareness about their occurrence should facilitate early monitoring

Glucocorticoids act on the hippocampus, amygdala, and frontal lobes

cortisone, hydrocortisone and prednisonerashes to lupus to asthma

Could Soda and Sugar Be Causing Your Depression?Fructose malabsorption, a very common condition with surprising correlates. Published on May 24, 2011 by Emily Deans, M.D in Evolutionary Psychiatry

Turns out that in Central Europe, a large percentage (30-50%) of the population suffers from certain types of carbohydrate malabsorption

15-20% of Americans may have fructose malabsorption

undigested fructose in the colon, feeding the bacteria there and leading to bloating, cramping, and diarrhea - basically the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome

another study of 3,456 middle-aged civil servants, published in British Journal of Psychiatry

•a diet which contained a lot of processed foods had a 58% increased risk for depression•whole foods had a 26% reduced risk for depression.

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DRUGS = DEPRESSION

Effects of low Blood Pressure cause cortisol to be releasedRaising Blood Sugar

Blood pressure lowered,• Less O2 to tissue/ brain• Dysfunctions = low energy/etc• depression.

High Blood PressureDiagnosed Drugs given

MSG and Depression

Researchers have also discovered that most people with major depressive disease (MDD) have higher levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate in their spinal fluid (CSF) and blood plasma.

This is the same glutamate found as a food additive-for example, MSG (monosodium glutamate), hydrolyzed proteins, calcium or sodium casienate, soy protein isolate, vegetable protein concentrate or isolate, etc.

Free glutamate, that is, existing outside the neurons, is very toxic to brain connections and brain cells themselves -- mainly by a process called excitotoxicity.

Vaccine-related brain injury

Vaccines are made of two components -- the agent you wish to vaccinate against and an immune adjuvant. These adjuvants are composed of such things as aluminum compounds, MSG, lipid compounds and even mercury.

Studies have shown that these adjuvants, from a single vaccine, can cause immune overactivation

**No studies show the effects of the hyper-sensatization of the immune system to yearly flu shots from 6 months for life

Vaccines, Depression and Neurodegeneration After Age 50: Another Reason to Avoid the Recommended Vaccines.

By Russell L. Blaylock, M.D., CCN

40 million Americans suffer from major depressive disorder anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder,

•chronic brain inflammation.•MSG on your brain and mood•connections between pesticides and neurological disorders•vaccinations cause brain inflammation•impact of an expanding vaccine schedule

Current recommendations by the CDC for adult vaccinations include a total of 14 separate inoculations with infectious agents and powerful immune adjuvants.

WARNING: SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGSAntidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. Anyone considering the use of PROZAC or any other antidepressant in a child, adolescent, or young adult must balance this risk with the clinical need.

Prozac Black Box Warning Quote Hippocratic

oath“I will use those dietary regimens which will benefit my patients according to my greatest ability and judgement, and I will do no harm or injustice to them.I will not give a lethal drug to anyone if I am asked, nor will I advise such a plan; and similarly I will not give a woman a peccary to cause an abortion.”

•The hippocampus shrinks in late adulthood

•leading to impaired memory and increased risk for dementia

•Hippocampal and medial temporal lobe volumes are larger in higher-fit adults

•findings indicate that aerobic exercise training is effective at reversing hippocampal volume loss in late adulthood…

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory

Researchers at Harvard, Yale, and the M.I.T.first evidence that meditation can alter the physical

structure of our brains

“Our data suggest that meditation practice can promote cortical plasticity in adults in areas important for cognitive and emotional processing and well-being,”

“These findings are consistent with other studies that demonstrated increased thickness of:• music areas in the brains of musicians•visual and motor areas in the brains of jugglers

In other words, the structure of an adult brain can change in response to repeated practice.”

How Exercise Helps Older Brains•moderate exercise can reverse normal brain shrinkage by two percent, effectively reversing age-related hippocampus degeneration by one to two years•the people in the control group who didn't exercise saw an average of 1.4 percent decrease in hippocampus size

According to the research team:"We demonstrate that loss of hippocampal volume in late adulthood is not inevitable and can be reversed with moderate-intensity exercise."

Other contributing factors to brain …include•decrease in blood flow to your brain (Blood pressure drugs)•the accumulation of environmental toxins in your brain (Vaccinations)

Exercise •increasing blood flow to your brain•increasing oxygen supply to your brain•encouraging a more vigorous release of accumulated toxins through better blood circulation•Increased blood flow increases nutrients necessary to keep your brain cells

90% of Money Americans spend on food is on processed foods

is a neurotransmitter responsible for a variety of mind (mood) and body functions.

signals between nerve cells Neurotransmitters affect almost ALL of the nearly 40 million brain cells.1

larger amount of serotonin is manufactured in your intestines in the enteric nervous system, also called the “gut brain.”

In fact, 90% of your serotonin supply is found in your digestive tract and blood platelets.

Serotonin has a calming effect on your mind (the brain in your head) AND your body (your gut brain or the enteric nervous system lining your digestive tract).

Serotonin affects your: Mood Memory Ability to learn Appetite Arousal Aggression Impulse control

Serotonin = called the “feel good hormone,”

• Sexual desire • Sleep • Some social behaviors • Heart • Muscles • Endocrine system (hormones)

Normal Bipolar DisorderDepression

The Curve in the Neck is the Arch of Life

Proper nerve supply –

FREE of subluxation

Regular Exercise

Proper Nutrition

Sufficient Rest

Prayer and Meditation

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