FM 22-6

FIELD MANUAL

GUARD DUTY

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

SEPTEMBER 1971

This copy is a reprint which includes current pages from Change 1.

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DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

PART ONE INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1 GENERAL

1. Purpose and Scope a. This manual is for personnel concerned with

the organization and functions of interior and ex-terior guard. It includes orders, countersigns, parolewords, and responsibility of the main guard includ-ing duties of personnel and methods of mountingthe guard. The manual also discusses the duties andcomposition of special guards.

b. As this manual is a guide, and as all possiblesituations and eventualities cannot be foreseen orcovered by the manual, great reliance must beplaced upon the application of sound judgment andcommon sense by all members of a guard and by allsecurity personnel. In situations not covered by thismanual and where doubt arises as to the properaction to be taken, the individual must consider hismission and apply sound judgment in making therequired decision(s).

c. The material in this manual is applicable toboth nonnuclear and nuclear warfare.

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2. CommentsUsers of this publication are encouraged to submitrecommended changes or comments to improve thepublication. Comments should be keyed to the speci-fic page, paragraph, and line of text in which thechange is recommended. Reasons will be providedfor each comment to insure understanding and com-plete evaluation. Comments should be prepared us-ing DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Pub-lications) and forwarded direct to the Commandant,US Army Infantry School, Fort Benning, GA31905.

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CHAPTER 2 TERMINOLOGY

3. General The terminology relative to guard duty is listedbelow. This list points out words and phrases whichhave a particular meaning in this manual.

4. Terms a. Commanding Officer. The officer commanding

an installation, organization, unit, garrison, orbivouac.

b. Field Officer of the Day. A field grade officerdetailed as the personal representative of the com-manding officer. During his tour of duty he is re-sponsible to the commanding officer for the securityof the installation or activity and other duties asmay be assigned depending upon local directives.

c. Officer of the Day. An officer, acting directlyunder the commanding officer or field officer of theday, who is responsible on a given day for the execu-tion of all orders of the commanding officer relatingto guard duty and other duties as may be assigned.

d. Commander of the Guard. The senior officeror noncommissioned officer of the guard, next juniorto the officer of the day. He is responsible for theinstruction, discipline, and performance of duty ofthe guard.

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e. Sergeant of the Guard. The senior noncommissioned officer of the guard. He supervises the en-listed members of the guard and is responsible tothe commander of the guard.

f. Relief Commander(s). The next senior non-commissioned officer(s) of the guard.

g. Main Guard. Regular interior guard of a postor unit whose principal duties are to patrol the areaand protect the personnel, buildings, and equipment.A main guard is a subdivision of the interior guardof a command. Other subdivisions include escortguard or honor guards, for example.

h. Fixed Post System. Assigning sentinels toguard duty at fixed posts where they remain untilrelieved.

i. Guard. A term used when referring to—(1) A special unit responsible to the officer of

the day for the protection and security of an in-stallation or area. This unit includes a commanderof the guard, sergeant of the guard, commanders ofthe relief, and the guards.

(2) An individual responsible to keep watchover, protect, shield, defend, warn, or any dutiesprescribed by general orders and/or special orders.Also referred to as a sentinel, sentry, or lookout.

(a) Sentinel. An individual of the guardwhose duties are prescribed by general and/or specialorders. Also referred to as a guard, sentry, or look-out.

(b) Sentry. A guard, sentinel, or lookout.j. Guard’s Post. An area for which the guard is

responsible. Within his post, a guard performs theduties required by general and special orders.

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k. Supernumerary. An extra member of theguard who is used when needed to replace a guardor perform duties prescribed by local directives.

l. Guardhouse. A building, tent, or other locationoccupied by men detailed for interior guard duty.It is the headquarters for the guard.

m. Correctional Officer. The correctional officer,appointed by the commanding officer of a militaryinstallation, is charged with the custody, administra-tion, and treatment of prisoners.

n. Stockade. A correctional facility, under thejurisdiction of an installation commander, used forthe confinement of military prisoners.

o. Challenge (app F). Any process carried out byone unit or person with the object of ascertainingthe friendly or hostile character or identity of an-other. The command “HALT, WHO IS THERE?”is used to cause an unidentified party or person tohalt and be identified. If an additional challenge isused, it follows the original challenge and consists ofa word or distinctive sound disseminated only tofriendly or authorized persons.

p. Countersign (app F). A countersign consistsof two words: the secret challenge and its password.The words comprising the countersign are issuedfrom the principal headquarters of a command toaid guards in their scrutiny of persons who applyto pass (chap 9). These words are disseminated onlyto friendly personnel.

(1) Challenge. The first word or part of thecountersign, used to challenge a person or party. Itis disseminated only to friendly personnel.

(2) Password. A secret word or distinctive

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sound used to reply to a challenge. The second wordor part of the countersign. It is used in answerthe challenge and is disseminated only to friendlypersonnel.

(3) Parole. A special password used as a checkon the countersign. For a more complete explana-tion, refer to chapter 9.

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CHAPTER 3

GUARD COMPOSITION

5. General The guard may be one of two types, interior guard(part two) or exterior guard (part three).

6. Interior Guard An interior guard is detailed by commanders ofmilitary installations to protect property and en-force specific military regulations. The installationcommander is responsible for the interior guard ofthe installation and he prescribes the composition ofthe guard. When brigades and separate units areresponsible for an interior guard within their ownareas, their composition, duties, and responsibilitiesare similar to those outlined in this manual. Com-manders of units furnishing personnel for guardare responsible to insure that these men are qualifiedor familiar with the weapon they use on guard. Theelements of an interior guard are classified accord-ing to their purpose. They include the main guardand special guards. The main guard consists of acombination of patrols and fixed posts. Specialguards are used, to protect parks, trains, boats, air-craft, and for other special purposes (fig 1).

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7. Exterior Guard This is a term used in this manual to differentiatefrom interior guard. Exterior guards are thoseguards whose duties and responsibilities are differentfrom those set down for interior guards. Exteriorguard is not as formal and restricted as interiorguard. Classified as exterior guards are lookouts,listening posts, outposts, specifically designated pa-trols, and other guards in combat zones, field train-ing areas, and guards outside the limits of a militaryinstallation. Exterior guards perform their dutiesas prescribed by special orders and instructions.

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PART TWO INTERIOR GUARD

CHAPTER 4ORDERS

8. Classes of OrdersA guard on post is governed by two types of orders:general orders and special orders. General ordersoutline the fundamental responsibilities of a guardwhile special orders instruct him in the actual per-formance of his duty while on a particular post.General orders for both interior and exterior guardsmust be supplemented by realistic, detailed, and mis-sion-oriented special orders carefully tailored forthe specific post and situation from the viewpoint ofsecurity and sentry effectiveness and protection. Thespecial orders for each post must be reviewed fre-quently to insure they do not become obsolete. Aspecial order may be added to a guard post for aspecific length of time to cover a certain situationand deleted at the end of a specified time, or on acertain data.

9. General Orders All interior guards are required to memorize, under-stand, and comply with the following generalorders:

a. Number 1. I will guard everything within the

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limits of my post and quit my post only whenproperly relieved.

b. Number 2. I will obey my special orders andperform all my duties in a military manner.

c. Number 3. I will report violations of my specialorders, emergencies, and anything not covered in myinstruction, to the commander of the relief.

10. Meaning of the General Ordersa. Number 1. I will guard anything within the

limits of my post and quit my post only whenproperly relieved.

(1) The guard is responsible for everythingthat occurs within the limits of his post while he ison duty. He is also responsible for all equipment andproperty located within the limits of his post. Theexact limits of his post are defined by special orders.The special orders should also include every placea guard must go to perform his duties.

(2) A guard investigates immediately everyunusual or suspicious occurrence on or near his postprovided he does not have to leave his post to doso. If necessary, the guard will contact the com-mander of the relief for instructions.

(3) A guard apprehends all suspicious personsand all persons involved in a disorder occurring onor near his post provided he does not have to leavehis post to do so. In apprehending persons, theguard will use only necessary force to overcome anyresistance. Apprehension of persons should be in-cluded in special orders or guard instructions. Allpersons apprehended are turned over to the com-mander of the relief.

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(4) All persons, regardless of rank, are re-quired to respect members of the guard in the per-formance of their duties.

(5) A guard will remain on post and continueto perform all duties required on that post until heis relieved by proper authority.

(6) If a guard requires relief because of sick-ness or for any other reason, he will notify the com-mander of the relief and wait until he is replaced byanother guard or has permission from the properauthorities to leave his post.

(7) If a guard is not relieved at the expirationof his tour of duty, he does not abandon his post.He will contact the commander of the relief for in-structions.

(8) Guards leave their posts for meals as speci-fically directed by the commanding officer. Normally,this is accomplished by arranging for early and latemeals for guards going on and coming off post.

(9) When ordered by proper authority, or pre-scribed in the special orders, a guard on the lastrelief of a post may be directed to leave the post atthe proper time and return to the guardhouse wherehe reports to the commander of the relief on duty.

b. Number 2. I will obey my special orders andperform all my duties in a military manner.

(1) A guard will familiarize himself with thespecial orders for his post prior to being posted. Theguard will obey, execute, and enforce all specialorders pertaining to his post.

Note. The commander of the guard is responsible forinsuring that all guards understand their special instruc-tions prior to being posted.

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(2) In addition to his special orders, a guard isresponsible to obey and carry out any orders or in-structions from the commanding officer, field officerof the day, and officers and noncommissioned officersof the guard. No other persons are authorized togive a guard orders or instructions. Any specialinstructions for a guard should be issued throughthe guard’s chain of command.

(3) Guards on post will pass instructions totheir relief when appropriate. The information isalso given to the commander of the relief. Example:A guard on duty at an ammunition dump discoversa hole in the fence during his tour of duty. Uponfinding the hole, the commander of the relief isnotified. The guard will pass this information tohis relief so that special attention can be paid tothat portion of the fence until the hole is repaired.

(4) The guard will perform his duties in amilitary manner and serve as an example to others.

(5) The guard is courteous to all persons. Hewill talk to no one except in the line of duty. Whenpersons make proper inquiries of a guard, he an-swers them in a courteous manner.

(6) A guard on an interior guard post main-tains an erect and soldierly bearing. The weapon iscarried in a manner prescribed by the commandingofficer or commander of the guard. (A guard armedwith a rifle, carbine, or shotgun may be allowed toshift his weapon to left shoulder arms to reducefatigue.)

(7) Guards on post salute individuals as pre-scribed in AR 600-25.

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(a) A sentry, on a post which does not re-quire challenging, carrying a weapon at sling arms,will render the hand salute upon recognition of anofficer.

(b) A sentry, on a post which does not re-quire challenging, carrying a weapon at right (left)shoulder arms, will, upon recognition of an officer,halt and present arms as prescribed in the manualof arms FM 22-5. When the officer returns the salutethe guard will return to right (left) shoulder armsand resume his duties.

(c) A sentry armed with a pistol, on a postwhich does not require challenging, will, upon recog-nition of an officer, render the hand salute.

(d) No salute is given by a guard who isengaged in a specific duty, the performance of whichprevents saluting.

(8) A guard talking with an officer does notinterrupt the conversation to salute another officer;however, if the officer salutes a senior, the guard alsosalutes.

(9) The special orders will specify the timefor challenging.

(a) When challenging, a guard, armed witha rifle, carbine, or shotgun will challenge from theposition of port arms as described in the manual ofarms in FM 22-5. If armed with a pistol the guardwill challenge from the position of raise pistol.

(b) After challenging, a guard will remainin the challenge position until the individual chal-lenged is allowed to pass, depart, or is turned overthe commander of the relief.

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(c) Sentinels on posts requiring challengingwill not render salutes.

Note. The sentinel’s primary mission is to guard his post.Requiring salutes places the individual in a vulnerableposition. The sentinel will, however, display all other mili-tary courtesy and respect while in conversation with anofficer.

(d) Challenging one person or a group:1. If a guard sees any person on or near his

post during the time for challenging, he positionshimself so that he can control the situation. If pos-sible, he should be out of sight when challenging.When the person is approximately 30 steps, or atsufficient distance to allow the guard time to react,the guard will assume the correct challenge positionand command “HALT!” When the person hashalted, the guard asks, “WHO IS THERE?” Theguard may advance toward the person while chal-lenging to put himself in a better position. Whenthe guard is in the best position to pass or apprehendthe person, he requires the person to advance to-wards him, remain in position, or advance to aparticular place, face toward the light, or to takeany position necessary to determine whether theperson should be passed, denied, or turned over tothe commander of the relief.

2. The guard permits only one member ofa group to approach him for identification.

3. If persons are in a vehicle, the guardproceeds as if they were on foot. If necessary tocarry out his duties, he may have one or all of thepassengers dismount.

4. After halting a group and receiving an

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answer indicating that it is authorized to pros, theguard says, “Advance one to be recognized.” Afterhe has recognized the one advanced, the guard says,“Advance, Sergeant Smith,” naming the person (orgroup) allowed to advance. If the answer is“Friends,” the guard says, “Advance one to berecognized.” After recognition he says, “Advance,friends.”

5. The guard satisfies himself beyond areasonable doubt that those challenged are what theyrepresent themselves to be and that they have aright to pass. If he is not satisfied, he detains theperson and calls the commander of tile relief. Nor-mally, the guard will accept a reasonable answer foridentification if the post is not a vital area and thepersons are not suspicious looking.

Note. A visual check of an individual’s ID card is con-sidered the best means of identification when doubt exists.

(e) Challenging two or more persons orgroups—

1. If two or more persons or groups ap-proach the guard’s post from different directions atthe same time, they are halted in turn and remainhalted until advanced by the guard.

2. When two or more groups are halted atthe same time, the senior is advanced first.

3. A guard advances different persons orgroups with the following priority: commandingofficer, field officer of the day, officer of the day, of-ficers of the guard, officers, patrols, reliefs, noncom-missioned officers of the guard in order of rank, andfriends.

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4. If a person or group has been advancedand is talking with the guard, the guard halts anyother person or group that may approach, but ad-vances no one until the person or group with whomhe is talking leaves. He then advances the senior ofthe remaining group.

5. A guard must always be alert and neverbe surprised. He never permits two persons orgroups to advance to his post at the same time.

6. Confusing or misleading answers to aguard’s challenge are not acceptable. However, theanswer “Friend” is not considered misleading andis the usual answer of an inspecting officer or patrolwhen they do not wish to reveal their official ca-pacity.

(10) During his tour of duty a guard is re-quired to execute orders of no one but the command-ing officer, field officer of the day, officer of the day,and officers of the guard; however, any officer mayinvestigate apparent violations of regulations bymembers of the guard. In the event of an inspectingofficer, or any other person in the military service,finding an irresponsible guard on post (Art. 113,Uniform Code of Military Justice), it is his duty tonotify the commander of the guard or a noncom-missioned officer of the guard and stay on the postuntil a qualified guard is posted.

(11) A guard surrenders his weapon to, andonly on order of, a person from whom he lawfullyreceives orders while on post. These persons shouldnot order a guard to surrender his weapon for in-spection or any other purpose unless an emergencyexists.

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c. Number 3. I will report violations of my specialorders, emergencies, and anything not covered in myinstructions, to the commander of the relief.

(1) A guard reports all violations of his specialorders to the commander of the relief. He appre-hends the offender, if necessary.

(2) A guard reports all emergencies that occuron or near his post. The guard will take whateveraction is prescribed by his special orders or guardinstructions. Anytime the guard is in doubt as towhat action to take, or it is not covered in his specialorders, he will call the commander of the relief forinstructions or assistance.

(3) In case of fire, occurring on or near hispost, the guard calls, “Fire, Post Number (Two).”He alerts the occupants, if it is an occupied build-ing. He gives the alarm or insures one has beengiven. If possible, he extinguishes the fire. He helpsdirect the fire fighting apparatus to the fire. He noti-fies the guardhouse of his actions as soon as possible.

(4) A guard reports any disorder occurring onor near his post. He takes police action as prescribedin his special orders or guard instructions. If assist-ance is required, he calls, “The Guard, Post Number(Four).”

(5) If the danger is great, he fires his weaponinto the air three times in rapid succession beforecalling. When instructed to do so, guards give warn-ings of air, CBR, and other attacks. Guards shouldreceive special training if they are to act as chemical,biological, and radiological (CBR) sentinels whileon post.

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11. Special Ordersa. Special orders are established by the command-

ing officer and differ for various posts dependingupon the nature of the area being guarded. They arebased on the following considerations:

(1) Realism. Special orders are designed for aparticular post, since two posts on an installationare seldom identical. The orders for each post aredevised to provide increased protection for the senti-nel concerned by locating him behind natural orartificial obstacles which make surprise difficult.This calls for flexible and imaginative planningwhen drawing up special orders. For example: Am-munition dump security at a critical installationwould be more elaborate and tactically oriented thansecurity of a post exchange.

(2) Clarity. Special orders should be stated inplain language that can be clearly understood by theguard on post. The commander of the relief clarifiesany doubt as to their meaning before posting aguard.

b. The commanding officer is responsible for keep-ing the special orders up to date and publishes anychanges immediately.

c. Copies of special orders are continuously andconspicuously posted in the guardhouse for refer-ence. A copy of the special orders may be posted on afixed post or the guard may be required to carrya copy of the special orders with him while on duty.

d. The special orders for each guard post shouldexplain (or diagram) the post location, boundaries,and any particular orders for the post, includingthose conditions under which force will be used.

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e. Additional special orders received by a guardbefore going on guard and while on post are passedon to the guard who relieves him. These additionalorders may be written or oral.

12. Inspection of a Guard by an OfficerWhen a guard is asked by an inspecting officer,“What are your orders?” the proper answer is: “Sir,my orders are of two classes, general and special.My general orders are: Number One: I will guardeverything within the limits of my post and quit mypost only when properly relieved. Number Two:. . .” and he continues to recite his general ordersuntil he is stopped by the officer or until he hasrecited all of his general orders. He should be ableto answer any question(s) pertaining to the specialorders for his post.

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CHAPTER 5 MAIN GUARD

Section I. GENERAL13. Composition The main guards consists of patrols, fixed posts, anda reserve. Either patrols or fixed posts, or a com-bination of the two, may be used. In any case, themain guard maintains a reserve (para. 27).

14. Strength The main guard consists of one officer of the day;one or more commanders of the guard; one or moresergeants of the guard; a relief commander for eachrelief; and the necessary number of guards. Thenumber of guards needed for routine daytime dutyis ordinarily much smaller than the number re-quired at night or on Sundays and holidays. Whenit is necessary to have increased supervision andcontrol of a relief, an assistant commander of theguard and an assistant sergeant of the guard may bedetailed.

15. Arms and Equipment a. Guards are armed and equipped according to

their particular duty. Rifles, carbines, pistols, shot-guns (FM 19–60), riot clubs (FM 19–5), or otherweapons are used. Guards must be qualified to use

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the weapon with which they are armed. If they arenot armed with their individual weapon, they mustbe familiar with the weapon with which they arearmed (shotguns, riot clubs).

b. Guards cover their posts on foot, in motor ve-hicles, or by other types of transportation; however,the exact method is prescribed by the commandingofficer.

Section II. DUTIES OF PERSONNEL

16. Commanding Officer a. The commanding officer details a guard suffi-

cient to provide for the security of personnel, gov-ernment property, and buildings within his juris-diction. He requires a vigilant and thorough per-formance of guard duty. The commanding officergives his orders, or has them given by his repre-sentative, to the officer of the day and prescribesregulations and special orders for the guard.

b. Daily, at a designated time and place, the com-manding officer, or his representative, receives thereports of the officers of the day. He, or his repre-sentative, examines the guard report, relieves theold officer of the day, and gives the new officer of theday his instructions.

c. At those installations where confinement facili-ties are available, the commanding officer supervisesthe stockade and prisoners personally to insure com-pliance with the articles of the Uniform Code ofMilitary Justice and AR 190-4. He specifies theduties of the correctional officer and the officer ofthe day with respect to prisoners.

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d. The commanding officer’s responsibility forsafety regulations is given in appendix D.

17. Field Officer of the Daya. A field grade officer is detailed as field officer

of the day. During his tour of duty he is the com-manding officer's personal representative.

b. His tour begins when he reports to the com-manding officer or his representative for duty andterminates when he is relieved by the same author-ity. The usual tour of duty for the field officer ofthe day is 24 hours.

c. He is assigned various duties pertaining to thesecurity of the command depending upon local di-rectives. Normally, one of these duties is to super-vise the interior guard and parallels closely theresponsibilities of the officer of the day (para. 18).His primary concern, in his role as a supervisor, isto see that the guard performs its assigned tasks.

18. Officer of the Day a. The officer of the day is responsible for the

proper performance of duty by the main guard and,when so directed, for other guards. He is chargedwith executing all orders of the commanding officerrelating to guard duty.

b. His tour begins when he receives the instruc-tions of the commanding officer and ends when heis relieved by the same authority. The usual tour is24 hours.

c. In the absence of special instructions from thecommanding officer, the officer of the day inspectsthe guard and guards on post as often during the

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day and night as he considers necessary; howeverhe inspects them at least once between midnight anddaylight.

d. Whenever he considers it necessary, he directsthe commander of the guard and noncommissionedofficers of the guard to inspect the guards on post.

e. In case of alarm, he acts immediately to pro-tect life and government property and to preserveorder. If necessary, he uses the guard to assist him.

f. In the performance of his duties, he takes or-ders only from the commanding officer or field offi-cer of the day however, during an emergency, whenthere is great danger, the senior officer present maygive orders to the officer of the day for the use ofthe guard.

g. At those installations where confinement facili-ties are available, the officer of the day verifies thecount of prisoners and inspects the stockade atpremises as directed by the commanding officer. Hemakes at least one inspection between midnight anddaylight.

h. He signs the guard report, adding to it hisown remarks, and submits it daily to the command-ing officer.

i. The old and new officers of the day report tothe commanding officer, or his representative, im-mediately after guard mount. Upon presentingthemselves, the old officer of the day stands on theright of the new and both salute. The old officerof the day salutes again and reports, “Sir, CaptainJones reports as old officer of the day,” and pre-sents the guard report. As soon as he is relieved,the old officer of the day salutes and leaves. The new

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officer of the day then salutes and reports, “Sir,Captain Smith reports as new officer of the day.”After receiving his instructions, the new officer ofthe day salutes and leaves.

j. The officer of the day is responsible for theproperty of the guard. He conducts a joint inven-tory of property with the old officer of the day todetermine the presence and serviceability of theguard property.

k. The officer of the day keeps the guard informedof his location at all times.

l. His responsibility for safety regulations ap-pears in appendix D.

19. Commander of the Guard a. The commander of the guard is responsible for

the instruction, discipline, and performance of theguard. He is also responsible for the security ofammunition and weapons of that part of the guardnot on post.

b. He obeys the orders of the commanding officer,field officer of the day, and officer of the day. Hereports to the officer of the day any additional or-ders given to the guard by himself or other author-ized persons. He gives his successor all of theinstructions and information about his duties.

c. The commander of the guard makes sure thatall members of the guard are correctly instructedin their orders and duties and that they understandand properly perform them. He questions all mem-bers of the guard about the instructions they mayhave received, including the use of the countersign(chap 9).

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d. He inspects the guard as directed by the officeof the day, making certain that patrols and guardon fixed posts do their duties. He assures himselfthat the men, their arms, and their equipment arein proper condition. For inspections by other offi-cers, the commander of the guard prepares theguard in each case as directed by the inspectingofficer. He inspects each relief daily while it is onpost and as often as prescribed by higher authorityand makes at least one of these visits between mid-night and daylight. He insures that the specialorders for each post and member of the guard areposted in the guardhouse, and, if practicable, oneach post.

e. When both old and new guards are at theguardhouse, the commander of the guard who issenior in rank is responsible for proper action incase of emergency.

f. When the commander of the guard leaves theguardhouse for any reason, he informs the nextsubordinate in command and the commander of therelief on post of his destination and probable timeof return. Except in emergencies, the commanderof the guard may divide night duty with the nextin command; however, he retains his responsibility.The person on watch must be on the alert constantly.

g. When an alarm is raised, the commander of theguard forms the reserve as soon as practicable. Ifthe situation is serious he notifies the officer of theday and commanding officer.

h. He makes certain that guard details for raisingand lowering the flag at reveille and retreat, andfor firing salute guns, are organized in time to5-6

carry out these duties. He sees that the flags arekept in the best possible condition and that theyare never handled except in the performance ofduty. When flags are not in a serviceable condition,he reports that fact to the officer of the day.

i. He makes sure that all guards are relieved ontime.

j. Unless otherwise ordered, he may permit mem-bers of the guard to leave the guardhouse when noton post. This does not include the reserve.

k. He holds at the guardhouse all persons appre-hended or taken into custody by members of theguard. He reports the circumstances to the officerof the day who decides what action to take.

l. When any person is apprehended by membersof the guard, the commander of the guard insuresthat the person has been searched for unauthorizedarticles and reports the facts to the officer of theday immediately.

m. He prepares the guard report and presents itdaily to the officer of the day.

n. He prescribes the duties of the assistant com-mander of the guard when such an officer is detailed.

o. His responsibility for safe regulations appearsin appendix D.

20. Sergeant of the Guard a. The sergeant of the guard is the senior non-

commissioned officer of the guard. He performs theduties and assumes the responsibilities of the com-mander of the guard, if there has been no officerso detailed.

b. He supervises the other enlisted members of

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the guard, and is familiar with their orders andduties.

c. He insures that the property of the guard isproperly cared for.

d. Each day he prepares duplicate lists of thenames of the noncommissioned officers and sentinelsof the guards, showing the reliefs and posts orduties of each. He keeps one list and gives the otherto the commander of the guard.

e. He makes sure that all reliefs are turned outfor posting at the proper time.

f. He checks to see that the relief commandersunderstand their duties thoroughly and carry themout promptly and efficiently.

g. He insures that other noncommissioned officersof the guard inspect the guard as prescribed.

h. When he is absent temporarily from the guardhouse, he directs the commander of the relief onduty to act as sergeant of the guard.

i. If the relief commander, whose relief is on post,is called away from the guardhouse, the sergeantof the guard replaces him temporarily or appointsanother noncommissioned officer to carry out theduties of the absent relief commander (para 21).

j. He is responsible for the proper policing of theguardhouse and the grounds around the guardhouse.

k. He reports to the commander of the guard any-thing suspicious or unusual and notifies him of allpersons apprehended by the guard.

l. He forms the guard whenever necessary.m. His responsibility for safety regulations ap-

pears in appendix D.

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21. Relief Commander a. Relief commanders are the next senior noncom-

missioned officers of the guard.b. They receive and obey orders only from the

commanding officer, field officer of the day, officerof the day, commander of the guard, and the ser-geant of the guard.

c. Each relief commander assigns the members ofhis relief to posts. These assignments are notchanged except by the commander of the guard orhigher authority.

d. Daily, each relief commander makes a duplicatelist of the members of his relief, including himself.He gives one copy to the sergeant of the guard andkeeps the other. This list shows the number of therelief, the post to which each member is assigned,and the member’s name and organization.

e. The commander of the relief instructs his reliefas to their orders and duties and makes certain thateach guard understands them. He familiarizes him-self with the special duties of every guard on hisrelief.

f. He reports immediately to the sergeant of theguard all violations of regulations and unusual oc-currences.

g. At least one noncommissioned officer is keptconstantly on the alert at the guardhouse, usuallythe relief commander whose relief is on post. Thisnoncommissioned officer takes his post (as pre-scribed) in the guardhouse and does not fall in withthe guard when it is formed. He keeps his weaponconstantly with him. When necessary for him toleave his post, he notifies the sergeant of the guard,who takes his place or designates another noncom-

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missioned officer to do so. He makes sure that noperson enters the guardhouse without authority.

h. He goes at once to any guard who calls for thecommander of the relief.

i. He is responsible for calling his own relief andforming it promptly when the guard is turned out.

j. He makes sure that tents or bunks for his reliefare located close together so that he can find all themembers of his relief and turn them out quickly andwithout confusion.k. He awakens the commander whose relief is next

on post in time to form and post the relief at theproper hour (para 50).

l. During the time for challenging, he challengesall suspicious persons he may observe. He advancesthem using the method described for guards on postpara 10 b (3)).m. He examines persons halted and detained by

a guard. If he doubts their authority to be there,he takes them to the sergeant of the guard or thecommander of the guard.n. He apprehends all suspicious persons, disturb-

ers of the peace, and persons caught, or suspectedof, committing a crime. Persons apprehended bythe commander of the relief or by guards are takento the commander of the guard at once.o. His responsibility for safety regulations ap-

ears in appendix D.

22. Guardsa. Privates and specialists are normally assignedposts. Noncommissioned officers may be assignedposts at the discretion of the commanding officer.

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b. Guards are assigned to reliefs by the sergeantor the guard and to posts by the commander of theirrelief. Guards are not changed from one relief toanother without authority.

c. They must memorize, understand, and complywith the general orders for guards. In addition,guards must understand and comply with specialorders applying to their particular posts, includingthe use of the countersign and parole word (chap9), if they are in effect.

d. When a guard is posted at the guardhouse heis Guard No. 1. While on post, he has direct accessto the commander of the relief. His general ordersare the same as those for other guards.

e. The observance of safety regulations by guardsis explained in appendix D.

Color GuardsWhen the colors are unfurled and posted outdoors,guards may be furnished. They are detailed andgoverned by the same regulations as other membersof the main guard.

Section III. PATROL SYSTEM24. General

a. The patrol system is used in the main guardwherever practicable and is most suitable whenlarge areas are guarded. Motor transportation isused whenever possible. The functioning of patrolsis checked by timeclocks or periodic reporting bytelephone, in person, or by other means, and byfrequent inspections. If practicable, patrols arequartered together, generally at the guardhouse,

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and a system of wire or radio communication isprovided between patrols and the guardhouse.

b. Regulations for the duties, conduct, strength,and posting of the patrol elements of the guardare published by the commanding officer to suit localconditions.

25. PersonnelThe commanding officer determines the size of pa-trols. Certain key men may obtain guard dutypermanently while the others may be detailed semi-permanently. Generally, each patrol consists of twoguards.

26. ReliefsThe daily tour for each patrol is ordinarly from 6to 8 hours, and each relief is inspected before goingon duty. The patrols move directly to their post,from the guardhouse. One patrol relieves anotherby meeting at a particular point at a prearrangedtime. The patrol relieved reports back to the guard-house immediately.

27. ReserveA reserve large enough to meet any local emergencyis maintained at the guardhouse. The commandingofficer prescribes the strength and conduct of thereserve.

Section IV. FIXED POST SYSTEM28. GeneralThe fixed post system may be used to complementthe patrol system. Normally, the fixed post guard is

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changed daily, and guards are relieved at their postsevery 2 hours. Usually, posts are covered on footin this system.

29. PersonnelThe duties of all personnel in a fixed post system ofinterior guard duty are described in paragraphs 16through 23.

30. Fixed Post Reserve Normally, the reliefs not on post are the fixed postreserve. It is large enough to meet any local emer-gency and is maintained at the guardhouse. Thecommanding officer prescribes the strength and con-duct of the reserve.

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CHAPTER 6GUARD MOUNTING

Section I. GENERAL31. Requirements Uniform, arms, and equipment for guard mountsare prescribed by the commanding officer. If armed,guards must have completed range firing (qualifica-tion or familiarization) or training (app D) withthe weapon they use on guard duty.

32. Forming the Guard Detail The first sergeants of the companies furnishingguard details form the guard detail in the companyarea. Each first sergeant verifies the detail to in-clude verification that weapons qualification or fa-miliarization requirements have been met, inspectsit, replaces men who do not present a good appear-ance or have not qualified with their weapon, andorder the senior member to march the detail to theassembly area.

Section II. GUARD MOUNT (INSPECTION ONLY)33. General Guard mount may consist of an inspection only.This inspection is normally conducted in the vicini-ty of the guardhouse. The officers and noncommis-

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sioned officers of the guard are detailed for a speci-cific duty by roster.

34. Assembly of the Guard The senior member of the guard detail reports thedetail to the sergeant of the guard when it arrivesat the assembly area. The sergeant of the guardorganizes the guard into three reliefs and appointsa relief commander for each relief. The commandersof the relief organize their reliefs into specific,numbered posts. Supernumeraries form to the leftof the designated relief. Where feasible, the guardis organized in a manner that maintains unit integri-ty; e.g., if one unit furnished the guard, membersof the relief are from the same subelement; if morethan one unit furnished the guard, reliefs are or-ganized by unit (lst relief, Co A; 2d relief, Co B)

35. Formation of the Guard a. The sergeant of the guard forms the guard by

commanding FALL IN. The commander of the firstrelief fails in so that when his relief is formed atnormal interval to his left, it will be three steps infront of and centered on the sergeant of the guard.The second and third reliefs form behind the firstrelief, each man covering the corresponding num-bered man in the first relief. Supernumeraries formto the left of the designated relief at normal inter-val. The sergeant of the guard commands INSPEC-TION, ARMS, READY, PORT, ARMS, ORDER, ARMS.He then faces about.

Note. If the commander of the guard is not to position thesergeant of the guard may face about and give the guards6-2

AT, EASE. Upon seeing the commander of the guard movinginto position the sergeant of the guard will command theguards to attention and face about. The sergeant of theguard will remain at sling arms throughout the entire guardmount.

b. The commander of the guard takes his post sixsteps in front of and centered on the guard. Thesergeant of the guard renders the appropriate saluteand reports, “Sir, all present,” or “Sir, (so many)men absent.” After the commander of the guardreturns the salute, the sergeant of the guard facesto the right in marching, marches around the rightflank of the platoon and halts one step to the rear,centered on the guard, and executes a right face(fig 2).

c. The officer of the day takes his post 18 steps infront of and centered on the guard. The commanderof the guard faces about, salutes and reports, “Sir,all present” or,“Sir, (so many) men absent.” Theofficer of the day returns the salute and directsPREPARE FOR INSPECTION.

36. Preparing the Guard for Inspection a. On the directive PREPARE FOR INSPEC-

TION the commander of the guard faces aboutwithout saluting, commands OPEN RANKS, MARCH.The guards open ranks march as outlined in FM22-5. After the guards have opened ranks the com-mander of the guard commands DRESS RIGHT,DRESS, alines the formation, returns to his orig-inal position facing the guards and commandsREADY, FRONT. He then faces about, salutes, andsays, “Sir, the guard is prepared for inspection.”The officer of the day then inspects the guards.

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During the inspection the officer of the day orderguards who are not satisfactory for guard to fall outto the rear of the formation and await further in-structions from the sergeant of the guard. When aman is relieved the officer of the day commandsSUPERNUMERARY. The supernumerary willmove from his position to the post vacated. Hetakes his post by taking one step backward, faces tothe right, and moves in the rear of the relief sothat he will approach the vacated position from therear. He halts, executes a left face, moves into posi-tion, halts and immediately comes to inspectionarms. The officer of the day inspects the supernu-merary then proceeds with the inspection. Afterinspecting the guard the officer of the day and thecommander of the guard return to their originalpositions. The officer of the day halts 18 stepsfront of and centered on the guard. The commandof the guard stops six steps in front of and centeredon the guard and executes a right face.

b. If an orderly is to be selected, the officer of theday will announce his selection. He then commandsTAKE CHARGE OF THE GUARD. Salutes areexchanged and the officer of the day departs.

Note. During the inspection the officer of the day maydirect that the reliefs not being inspected be given at ease.In this case, the commander of the guard, upon completionof the inspection, will call the guards to attention whilemoving around the right flank of the formation.The commander of the guard faces about and com-mands CLOSE RANKS, MARCH. The guard closesranks the same as in platoon drill (FM 22-5). Thecommander of the guard commands FALL OUT.The guards move into the guardhouse. The com-

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mander of the first relief prepares his relief to beposted. The orderly, if one was selected, reports tothe commander of the guard for instructions.

c. If no officer is detailed as officer of the day, thecommander of the guard assumes the duties of theofficer of the day. If no officer of the day or com-mander of the guard is detailed, the sergeant of theguard prepares the guard for inspection and in-spects it.

Note. The sergeant of the guard will assume the positionof the commander of the guard.

Section III. INFORMAL GUARD MOUNTING 37. General Informal guard mounting is held on the paradeground of the organization from which the guardis detailed. When the guard is detailed from morethan one organization, it is held wherever the com-manding officer directs. When a noncommissionedofficer commands the guard at guard mount, hetakes the post of and performs the duties prescribedfor an officer.

38. Assembly of the Guard The guard is assembled as prescribed in paragraph34.

39. Formation of the Guard a. The guard is formed as prescribed in para-

graph 35.b. If an officer has been detailed as commander

of the guard, the sergeant of the guard faces about,renders the appropriate salute and reports, “Sir, all

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present,” or, “Sir, (so many) men absent.” Afterthe commander of the guard returns the salute thesergeant of the guard faces to the right in marching,marches around the right flank of the platoon, andhalts one step to the rear, centered on the guard,and executes a right face.

Note. The sergeant of the guard will keep his weapon atsling arms throughout the entire guard mount.

c. If an officer has has not been detailed as com-mander of the guard, the sergeant of the guard takesthree steps forward and assumes the position ofthe commander of the guard (fig 2).

40. Reporting to the Officer of the Day When the officer of the day arrives, the commanderof the guard salutes and reports, “Sir, all present,”or, “Sir, (so many) men absent.”

41. Marching to Center The officer of the day commands OFFICER AND NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS CENTER, MARCH. At thecommand of MARCH, the commander of the guardmarches forward and halts three steps in front ofthe officer of the day (fig 3). On the command ofMARCH, the commanders of the reliefs march for-ward and execute column left without commandwhen on a line three steps to the rear of the com-mander of the guard. The third relief commandercommands NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICERS, HALT, whenthey are centered on the commander of the guard.On the command of MARCH, the sergeant of theguard will move from his position around the rightflank of the formation by the most direct route

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a position three steps behind the second relief com-mander (fig 3). Upon seeing the sergeant of theguard in position, the third relief commander com-mands RIGHT, FACE (fig 3).

Note. The commanders of the reliefs move at the orderarms position. After the commander of the guard and thenoncommissioned officers are in position the officer of the daymarches forward, halts at normal distance in front of thecommander of the guard, and designates “Commander of theGuard.” He then faces to the half left and moves by themost direct route into position in front of the right flankcommander of the relief and designates “Commander, ThirdRelief.” He then faces to the right in marching, takes twosteps, halts, executes a left face and designates “Commander,Second Relief.” He then faces to the right in marching, takestwo steps, halts, executes a left face and designates “Com-mander, First Relief.” He then faces to the right in march-ing and moves by the most direct route behind the com-manders of the relief, halts in front of the sergeant of theguard, executes a right face and designates “Sergeant ofthe Guard.” He then faces to the left in marching and movesby the most direct route around the right flank of the com-manders of the reliefs to his original position, halts, executesa left face (fig 4).42. Return to Posts

The officer of the day commands POST. On thiscommand, the commander of the guard and thesergeant of the guard face about and immediatelystep off, returning by the most direct route to theiroriginal positions. The commander of the guard issix steps in front and centered, facing the guards.The sergeant of the guard one step behind, centeredon the guards. At the same time the commanders ofthe relief execute a right face and immediately stepoff returning to their original positions by the sameroute used to come center. They will execute the

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column movement without command and halt whenthey arrive at their positions without command.Upon arriving at his original position and seeingthe sergeant of the guard back in position, the firstrelief commander will command, ABOUT, FACE. Therelief commanders will execute about face. At thesame time the sergeant of the guard will executeright face (fig 5). Upon seeing all NCO back inposition the commander of the guard will executeabout face.

43. Inspecting the Guard a. The officer of the day directs PREPARE FOR

INSPECTION. The commander of the guard, with-out saluting, faces about and commands OPEN RANKS

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MARCH. Ranks are opened and alined as describein platoon drill, FM 22-5.

Note. The commander of the guard precedes the officerof the day on the inspection.

b. The officer of the day orders guards who arenot presentable for guard to fall out to the rear ofthe formation and await further instructions. Su-pernumeraries (if any ) replace the men who havefallen out. (The officer of the day reports discrep-ancies in personnel to the commanding officer, orhis representative, when reporting for duty.)

c. After inspecting the guard, the officer of theday and the commander of the guard resume theiroriginal positions. The officer of the day commandsMARCH THE GUARD TO THE GUARD-HOUSE. Salutes are exchanged. The commander ofthe guard faces about and commands CLOSE RANK

MARCH. He commands RIGHT, FACE, then posi-tions himself one step in front of the second reliefcommander. On the command of right face, thesergeant of the guard faces to the left in marchingand moves by the most direct route to his positionone step to the rear of the last man in the secondrelief.

Section IV. RELIEVING THE OLD GUARD

44. Arrival of the New Guard at the Guardhouse Before the new guard arrives at the guardhouse, theold guard forms in a line formation with two ormore reliefs. The commander of the old guard posi-tions himself six steps in front of and centered onthe guard. The new guard marches past (12 step

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in front of) the old guard. When the new guardis six steps from the left flank of the old guard, thecommander of the new guard commands EYES,RIGHT. The commander of the old guard faces

ARMS. He facesabout and commands PRESENT, back to the front and renders the proper salute.When the new guard has cleared the right flank ofthe old guard, the commander of the new guard com-mands READY, FRONT. The commander of the oldguard faces about, commands ORDER, ARMS, andfaces back to the front.

45. Formation of the Old and New Guards at the Guardhouse

a. After the new guard executes ready front, thecommander of the new guard commands, RIGHT

FLANK, MARCH. At the command MARCH, hesteps out of the formation and positions himself sixsteps in the rear of and centered on his guard. Hehalts the new guard when it is on line with and sixsteps to the right of the old guard. Then he com-mands ORDER, ARMS; ABOUT, FACE; LEFTFLANK MAN FIRST RELIEF VERIFY SIXSTEP INTERVALS ; DRESS LEFT, DRESS (fig 6).

b. At the command DRESS, each man turns hishead and eyes to the left (except the left flank menwho look to the front) raises his left arm laterally,shoulder high, fingers extended and joined, andtouches the man’s shoulder to his immediate left.The left flank man of the first relief is the base forthis movement. The first relief obtains the exactinterval. Other reliefs obtain approximate intervaland cover the same numbered man to their front.

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c. At the command DRESS, the commander ofthe old guard marches by the most direct route tothe right flank of the guard, halts facing the rearon line and one step to the right of the first reliefcommander. He faces to the right and alines theguard as described in platoon drill (FM 22-5).

d. After alining the last relief, the commander ofthe guard faces to the right in marching and movesto his original position, six steps in front of, cen-tered on, and facing the guards. He commandsREADY, FRONT. At the command FRONT, eachman lowers his arm to his side and turns his headand eyes back to the front. The commander of theguard then faces about.

46. Presenting New and Old Guards After the new guard is in position, the commandersof both guards face about and command PRESENT,ARMS. Then they face each other and exchangesalutes, face toward their respective guards, com-mand ORDER, ARMS, and face back to the front.

47. Presenting the Guards to the Officer of the Day a. After the new guard has been presented to the

old guard, the new and old officers of the day taketheir posts 18 steps in front of and centered on theirrespective guards. Commanders of both guards faceabout, command PRESENT, ARMS, face back to thefront, and salute their respective officer of the day.

b. After salutes have been exchanged, both com-manders face about, command ORDER, ARMS, andface back to the front. When both have faced backto the front, the officers of the day face each other.

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The new officer of the day salutes the old officer ofthe day. After salutes have been exchanged, bothofficers of the day face their respective guards.

48. Disposition of the New and Old Guards a. After both officers of the day have faced their

guards, the new officer of the day commands POSTTHE FIRST RELIEF. The new commander sa-lutes the new officer of the day, faces about andcommands FALL OUT. The guard reports to theguardhouse and the commander of the first reliefreports to the command of the guard for instruc-tions on posting his relief.

b. The old officer of the day commands DISMISSTHE GUARD. The old commander salutes the oldofficer of the day, faces about, and commands REST.He then contacts the new commander and conveysany instructions and orders.

(1) If the old guard was furnished from onecompany, the commander of the old guard directsa noncommissioned officer of the guard to march theguard to the company area and dismiss it. The non-commissioned officer dismisses the guard by com-manding INSPECTION, ARMS; READY, PORT, ARMS;DISMISSED.

(2) If the guard was furnished from more thanone company, the old commander instructs thesenior member of each company to march the guarddetail to the company area and dismiss it. The guardis dismissed as described in (1) above.

(3) After the third relief of the old guard hasbeen relieved, the commander of the relief reportsto the commander of the new guard. The com-

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mander of the new guard inspects the relief andorders the relief commander to march the relief tothe company area and dismiss it. Salutes are ex-changed. The relief is dismissed in accordance with(1) above.

Section V. POSTING RELIEFS49. General

a. Before a relief goes no post, the commander ofthe relief assembles the guards and checks theirappearances, fitness for duty, and the condition oftheir arms, if carried. He issues ammunition, super-vises loading the weapons if required, and makessure that the guards understand their instructions.When the relief is large, it may be more convenientto form the relief, call the roll, and inspect theguards in ranks.

b. The relief commander writes down the namesof the guards, the numbers of their posts, the timehe directed them to their post, and the time theyreport back to the guardhouse after being relieved.The commander of the guard keeps this record onfile.

50. Posting Guards a. The commander of the relief forms it by com-

manding FALL IN. The relief forms in two ranks,three steps in front of and centered on the reliefcommander. Guards assigned to even numberedposts (2, 4, 6, 8) form in the front rank. Guardsassigned to odd numbered posts (1, 3, 5, 7) formin the rear rank. The commander of the old relief

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falls in at normal distance behind the guard forpost No. 1 (fig 7).

(1) The commander of the new relief com-mands INSPECTION, ARMS (if arms are to be loaded,he gives the necessary commands at this time andmakes certain that safety procedures are carefullyobserved); READY, PORT, ARMS; ORDER, ARMS.

(2) He commands CALL, OFF. The guardscall off the number of their assigned posts, rear tofront and from right to left.

(3) He salutes and reports to the commanderof the guard, “Sir, the (first) relief is present and

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“Sir (so many) men absent.”ready to be posted,” or,If the commander of the guard is a noncommis-sioned officer, the commander of the new reliefsalutes and reports, “Sergeant, the (first) relief ispresent and ready to be posted” or, “Sergeant, (somany) men absent.”

(4) After the commander of the guard (ser-geant, of the guard) commands POST YOUR RE-LIEF, salutes are again exchanged. The commanderof the new relief commands RIGHT, FACE; RIGHT

SHOULDER, ARMS (if appropriate) ; and FORWARD,MARCH. He marches to the left of the last man,left file, at normal interval while the commander

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of the old relief marches on the right of the firstman, right file, at normal interval (1, fig 8).

b. During daylight hours, the commander of thenew relief halts his relief six steps from the oldguard and commands NUMBER ONE (TWO, orTHREE). The new guard (called) marches for-ward and halts three steps in front of the old guard.If armed with the rifle, carbine, or shotgun he exe-cutes port arms. Both relief commanders advanceand half so that they are three steps apart andcentered between the two guards. Then they executea left (right) face and face each other (2, fig 8).When the guard (called) marches forward, theother guards behind him in the formation move for-yard to fill his position.

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(1) The commander of the new relief com-mands TANSMIT YOUR ORDERS, and the oldguard transmits any changes in orders occurringduring his tour or states, “Post and orders remainthe same.” The new relief commander then asks thenew guard, “Do you understand your orders?” Ifthe new guard understands his orders he replies,“Yes, I do.” If not, he new relief commander clari-fies the order or has the old guard explain.

(2) The commander of the new relief com-mands GUARDS, POST. At the command POST, bothguards resume right shoulder arms, or sling armsif appropriate, face the new command, and marchbackward until they are on line with the commanderof the old relief.

c. The commander of the new relief commands tohis relief FORWARD, MARCH. The commander of theold relief takes two steps backward to clear the oldguards (2, fig 8). The relief marches between therelief commanders and the relief commanders taketheir original positions as it passes them.

(1) The old guard takes his place at the rearof the relief as it passes him.

(2) The new guard stands fast until the reliefhas passed six steps beyond him and then he walkshis post, or takes his prescribed position.

d. The commander of the old relief takes com-mand when his last squad has been relieved.

(1) The commander of the new relief has theguard transmit his orders then commands RELIEF

COMMANDERS, POST. Both commanders exchangepositions by passing each other right shoulder to

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right shoulder, halting, and facing about. Bothguards stand fast (3, fig 8).

(2) After the relief commanders face about,the commander of the old relief commands GUARDS,POST. At the command POST, both guards re-sume right shoulder arms, or sling arms if appro-priate, face the commander of the old relief, andmarch backward until they are on line with thecommander of the new relief.

(a) The commander of the old relief com-mands (to his relief), FORWARD, MARCH.

(b) The commander of the new relief takestwo steps backward to clear the old guard. Therelief advances, the relief commanders take theirnew positions, and the old guard takes his place atthe rear of the relief as it passes him.

e. When the old relief returns to the guardhouse,the commander of the old relief commands RELIEF,

HALT, and the commander of the new relief fallsout and takes his post in the guardhouse.

(1) The commander of the old relief commandsINSPECTION, ARMS (if weapons are loaded, they areunloaded at this time and safety procedures arecarefully observed); READY, PORT, ARMS; DIS-MISSED. He reports to the commander of theguard that his relief has been relieved and is presentin the guardhouse.

(2) If the old relief was the third relief ofthe old guard, the relief commander dismisses hisrelief in accordance with paragraph 48 b (3).

f. During the hours of challenging, the com-mander of the new relief halts the relief when theguard challenges, “HALT!” “WHO IS THERE?”

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The commander answers, “Relief.” The guard com-mands, “ADVANCE OLD RELIEF COMMAND-ER TO BE RECOGNIZED.” The old relief com-mander advances until the guard commands HALT!After he recognizes the relief commander, he com-mands ADVANCE RELIEF. The new reliefcommander marches the relief forward and halts itsix steps from the old guard. The procedure forrelieving the old guard is the same as in b above,except that when a new guard is armed with apistol he comes to raise pistol after halting andwhen posted returns his pistol.

g. If transportation is utilized to post the relief,the guards are posted and relieved using the pro-cedure described in b or f, above. The old and newrelief commanders and the guard to be posted arethe only members of the relief who dismount.

51. Posting Other Reliefs a. To post a relief when there is no guard on the

post, the commander forms his relief as prescribedin paragraphs 50 a (1), (2), and (3).

(1) He halts the relief six steps from the limitsof the post concerned and commands NUMBERONE (TWO OR THREE). The guard called takesthree steps forward, halts, executes port arms ifarmed with the rifle or carbine, and faces to theleft. The commander advances three steps in frontof the relief, halts, and faces to the right, facing theguard. The guard, if armed with a pistol, executesraise pistol after facing to the left.

(2) The relief commander asks, “Do you under-stand your orders?” If he understands the order6-24

the guard replies, “Yes, I do.” If not, the com-mander explains as necessary.

(3) The relief commander commands POST.The guard executes right shoulder, sling arms, orreturn pistol, as appropriate, marches backward farenough to clear the relief, and walks his post whenthe relief is six steps beyond him.

(4) The commander commands to the reliefFORWARD, MARCH, and resumes his original positionas the relief passes him.

b. The officer of the day can authorize the reliefsto be divided into small groups, placing each groupunder a noncommissioned officer for posting, haveguards posted individually, or, use a combinationof these two methods.

(1) If guards are posted individually, the re-lief commander orders, “Guard, take your post.”

(2) If guards are posted as a group, the reliefcommander orders, “Take your posts.” Each guardthen proceeds directly to his post. Guards relieveeach other at a specified point and transmit changesin orders.

(3) A guard relieved individually proceedsdirectly to the guardhouse and reports to the com-mander of the old relief. The last guard on a postfrom which he will not be relieved by another guardproceeds directly to the guardhouse at a designatedtime.

c. The relief may be posted by only the new reliefcommander. The procedure is as described aboveexcept the old relief commander is not present. Thenew relief commander marches the old relief back

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to the guardhouse and dismisses them (para 48(3)).

Section VI. FORMAL GUARD MOUNTING 52. General

a. Uniforms, arms, and equipment for formalguard mounts are prescribed by the commandingofficer.

b. Formal guard mounting requires a band andis held on the parade ground of the organizationfrom which the guard is detailed.

53. Assembly of Band The band takes its place on the parade ground at apoint where its left flank is 12 steps to the rightflank of where the guard will be (fig 9). The adju-tant makes certain the guard is ready to be marchedonto the parade ground (the guard has been facedto the right) and then signals the band to soundAdjutant's Call.

54. Assembly and Forming the Guard a. The guard details are formed as prescribed in

paragraph 32. When the band sounds assembly, eachguard detail is marched to the point of assembly,off the parade ground, and reported to the sergeantof the guard.

b. The guard details are assembled and formedinto a platoon as prescribed in paragraph 35. Ifthere are more than 14 men per rank, the guard isdivided into two platoons.

c. The assistant sergeant of the guard takes hispost three steps in front of and centered on the

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second platoon. Any remaining noncommissionedofficers form on the left flank to equalize the num-ber of men in each rank. After the platoons areformed, the sergeant of the guard faces the guardto the right and awaits the band to sound Adjutant’sCall (figs 9 and 10).

55. Marching the Guard to the Parade Ground a. Immediately following Adjutant's Call, the

band plays march music. The adjutant, with thesergeant major on his left, marches forward on thefirst note of march music. The adjutant halts at his

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post 18 steps in front of and facing the center ofwhere the guard will be. The sergeant major con-tinues forward and halts so as to take his post ninesteps in front of and facing the center of wherethe guard will be.

b. The sergeant of the guard takes his post threesteps to the left of the left file and centered on theguard. If two platoons are present he centers him-self on the first platoon with the assistant sergeantof the guard centered on the second platoon. Imme-diately following Adjutant’s Call, he marches theguard in column onto the parade ground. He ap-proaches the parade ground from a direction nearthe final line on which the guard will form. Hehalts the guard when the head of the column is 12steps from the left flank of the band and centeredon the sergeant major. If there are two platoons theassistant sergeant of the guard will halt the secondplatoon three steps to the rear of the first platoon.At this time, the band stops playing. The sergeantof the guard (assistant sergeant of the guard)faces to the right and commands (ORDER, ARMS, ifappropriate), LEFT, FACE (figs 9 and 10).

56. To Aline the Guard The sergeant of the guard and the assistant sergeantof the guard, if there are two platoons, aline theguard as prescribed in FM 22–5.

57. Sergeant of the Guard Report a. The sergeant of the guard (assistant sergeant

of the guard) moves to his position three steps infront, centered, and facing the guard and command

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READY, FRONT. On the command FRONT, thecommander of the guard takes a position six stepsbehind the left flankman of the third relief. If thereare two platoons the assistant commander of theguard takes his post behind the second platoon in thesame position as prescribed for the commander ofthe guard. The sergeant of the guard faces aboutand renders the report, “All present” or “(so many)men absent,” to the sergeant major. Salutes are ex-changed and the sergeant major commands POST.The sergeant of the guard faces to the right inmarching and moves by the most direct routearound the right flank to his position one step tothe rear and centered on the guard (fig 9).

b. If there is an assistant sergeant of the guardpresent, he executes the movements as in a above.At the command POST, he moves to his positionbehind the second platoon (fig 10).

58. Sergeant Major’s Report a. After the command POST, when the sergeant

of the guard (assistant sergeant of the guard) is inposition, the sergeant major faces about and reportsto the adjutant, “Sir, all present,” or “Sir (so many)men absent.” Salutes are exchanged. The sergeantmajor faces about, marches to his post, three stepsto the rear of and centered on the sergeant of theguard, halts and faces to the left. If there are twoplatoons, he positions himself three steps to the rearand centered on the guard (fig 10).

b. After the sergeant major has completed hisreport and faced about, the commander of the guardmarches from his position in the rear of the guard,

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around the right flank, to his post six steps in frontof and centered on the guard. If there are two pla-toons, the assistant commander of the guard, ifpresent, takes his post in front of the second pla-toon (fig 10).

59. Marching to the Center a. The adjutant commands OFFICER (or Officers)

AND NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICERS CENTER, MARCH.The procedure for marching to the center is thesame as in paragraph 41, except when there aretwo commanders of guard, the senior is designated“commander of the guard” and the junior “assistantcommander of the guard.”

b. If there are two sergeants of the guard, thesenior is designated “sergeant of the guard” and the

of the assistant sergeant of the guard is to the leftof the sergeant of the guard at normal interval.

c. When two platoons are present, the command-ers march to the center and form as shown in figure11.

junior, “assistant sergeant of the guard.” The post

60. Returning to Posts a. After designating the duties, the adjutant re-

turns to his post and commands POST. When oneplatoon is present, posts are taken as described inparagraph 42 (fig 11).

b. When two patoons are present the assistantcommander of the guard and assistant sergeant ofthe guard execute about face and move by the mostdirect route to their respective positions.

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1. Inspection of the Guarda. During formal guard mount the adjutant, in-

stead of the officer of the day, inspects the guard.b. After the officer (or officers) and noncommis-

sioned officers have taken their posts, the adjutantcommands PREPARE FOR INSPECTION. Theguard is prepared for inspection as described inFM 22-5.

c. During the inspection, he selects the orderlyand color guards and orders men who are not pre-pared for guard to fall out and return to theirorganization. Substitutes for men who have fallenout report to the commander of the guard at theguardhouse.

d. The band plays during the inspection.

62. Closing Ranks a. After the inspection, the commander of the

guard orders the guard to close ranks and then hereturns to his original post. If there is an assistantcommander of the guard, he orders the second pla-toon to close ranks after it has been inspected. Hethen returns to his post in front of the second pla-toon (FM 22-5).

b. The adjutant takes his post 35 steps in front of,centered on, and facing the guard.

c. The new officer of the day posts himself 36steps to the rear of the adjutant.

d. The old officer of the day posts himself threesteps to the right of the new officer of the day.63. Sound Off

a. The adjutant commands GUARD, ATTENTION;PARADE, REST; SOUND OFF, and then executes

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parade rest. (The commander of the guard andthe assistant commander of the guard do not givesupplementary commands.)

b. At the command SOUND OFF, the bandsounds off then moves forward playing. It passes tothe left of the line between the commanders of theguard and the adjutant and then back to its posi-tion on the right where it halts and sounds offagain (fig 12).

c. While the band troops the line, the officers ofthe day stand at attention.

64. The Adjutant’s Report The adjutant commands PRESENT, ARMS, facesabout toward the new officer of the day, salutes andreports, “Sir, the guard is formed.”

65. Marching in Review a. The new officer of the day returns the salute

and directs the adjutant, MARCH THE GUARDIN REVIEW, SIR. The adjutant faces about andcommands ORDER, ARMS; RIGHT, FACE. At thecommand FACE, the guard and the band face tothe right. The band marches to a position where itsrear rank is approximately 24 steps in front of theleading platoon, halts, and faces to the left (FM22-5). The commander of the guard assumes theposition of platoon leader of a platoon in column.If present, the assistant commander of the guardassumes the same position in front of the secondplatoon. The adjutant takes a post three steps infront of the leader of the first platoon (commanderof the guard). The sergeant of the guard takes a6-34

position one step behind, centered on the guardIf two platoons are present he assumes his positionbehind the first platoon. The assistant sergeant ofthe guard takes his position behind the second pla-toon. The sergeant major maintains his post untilthe last man of the last platoon clears his positionand then falls in three paces behind and centeredon the last platoon.

b. The adjutant commands FORWARD, MARCH,after giving the necessary manual of arms command.

c. The band begins playing on the commandMARCH. The band and the guard march past theofficer of the day (fig 13). The commander of theguard (first platoon leader) maintains a 24-stepdistance behind the band during the march in re-view.

d. When the adjutant is six steps from the officeof the day, he commands, EYES, RIGHT.

(1) When there is one platoon, the officer of theguard, the adjutant, and the sergeant major executethe hand salute on the command EYES, RIGHT.When the sergeant major is six steps beyond theofficer of the day, the adjutant commands, READY,FRONT (fig 13) .

(2) When there are two platoons (fig 14), theadjutant commands EYES, RIGHT, for the firstplatoon. He commands READY, FRONT, for the firstplatoon when the last rank is six steps beyond theofficer of the day. The assistant commander of theguard commands EYES, RIGHT, for the second pla-toon when he is six steps from the officer of the day,and READY, FRONT, when the sergeant major is sixsteps beyond the officer of the day. The adjutant6-36

and commander of the guard salute with the firstplatoon; the assistant commander of the guard andthe sergeant major salute with the second platoon.

e. When the guard is marching in review, the offi-cers of the day stand at attention.

(1) The new officer of the day returns thesalutes of the adjutant and the commander of theguard. He salutes only once because of the adjutantand the commander of the guard salute together.

(2) When there are two platoons, he does notreturn the salute of the assistant commander of theguard.

f. After the band passes the officer of the day, itturns out of column to the left and places itself infront of and facing the officer of the day, 18 stepsfrom where the left flank of the guard passes. Itcontinues to play until the guard leaves the paradeground.

g. The adjutant steps out of column and haltswhen he is 25 steps beyond the officer of the day.The sergeant major steps out of column and haltsabreast of the adjutant and three steps to the left.The adjutant and the sergeant major then face eachother, salute, and leave.

h. The commander of the guard marches the guardto the guardhouse without changing his position inthe formation.

i. If the guard consists of two platoons, the com-mander of the guard halts it and forms it into oneplatoon. The assistant commander of the guardmarches three steps to the rear centered on theguard. The assistant sergeant of the guard marches

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at normal interval to the left of the assistant com-mander of the guard.

j. The officers of the day face each other andsalute. The old officer of the day gives his orders tothe new officer of the day.

66. Formation of the New and Old Guard at the Guardhouse

a. The old guard is formed at the guardhouse asprescribed in paragraph 45 (1, fig 15). (If fieldmusic has been authorized, the band forms threesteps to the right of the old guard. The band of thenew guard forms three steps to the right of the newguard (2, fig 15).)

b. Relieving the old guard at the guardhouse isin accordance with paragraphs 44 through 48.

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CHAPTER 7SPECIAL GUARDS

Section I. GENERAL67. When Detailed Special guards are detailed when it is impracticalto use members of the main guard to guard prop-erty or an area. Ordinarily they are governed by thesame general principles as the main guard. Specialguards follow safety procedures outlined in ap-pendix D.

68. Purpose Special guards protect vehicles, buildings, equip-ment, supplies, and other property not protected bythe main guard. They enforce special regulations inregard to parks or other property being guarded.

Section II. PARK GUARDS 69. General Motor parks and tank parks are usually guarded byelements of the main guard. When this is imprac-tical, special park guards are posted.

70. Duties a. Neither the noncommissioned officer nor mem-

bers of the park absent themselves from the vicinityof the park unless so ordered.

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b. Park guards are not employed for police andfatigue duties at the park except in an emergency.

71. Control of Park Guards Park guards are under the immediate control oftheir commanders.

72. Noncommissioned Officers of the Park Guard a. The noncommissioned officer receives orders

from his company commander. When relieved, heturns over all orders to his successor. He instructshis guards in their general and special duties, in-cluding safety procedures; exercises general super-vision over his entire guard; insures that the guard-room is orderly and clean; and checks the motorvehicles, equipment, and property which he is toprotect. Immediately upon going on duty he inspectsthe area for fire hazards and insures that keys arein vehicles so that they may be moved in case offire. Before relieving his predecessor, the noncom-missioned officer examines all locks, windows, anddoors; if any are found insecure, he reports thatfact to his company commander when reporting fororders. He personally posts and relieves each guard,taking care to verify the property responsibility ofthe guard who comes off post. He sees that theguard who goes on post knows the property forwhich he is responsible.

b. All vehicle returning to the motor park arereported to the noncommissioned officer of the parkguard so that he may have knowledge of his addedresponsibility. He notifies the guard on post of any

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changes in the number of vehicles.c. Other duties of the noncommissioned officer of

the park guard include—(1) Promptly reporting to the company com-

mander any unusual occurrence and any abuse ofvehicles or property.

(2) Answering guard calls promptly.(3) In case of fire, insuring that all firefight-

ing measures, as outlined in paragraph 73, arepromptly carried out.

(4) Permitting no vehicles or equipment to betaken from the park except by proper authority.

(5) Designating another member of the guardto take charge and assume responsibility for thepost whenever it becomes necessary for him to leavethe post.

73. Park Guards a. Park guards are governed by the regulations

for guards on main guard duty.b. They receive orders only from the commanding

officer, the park commander (the officer of the dayand officers and noncommissioned officers of theguard when the guard is part of the main guard),and the noncommissioned officer of the park guard.

c. In the field or when so directed by properauthority, the guard, upon being posted, verifies thenumber of motor vehicles and/or equipment forwhich he is responsible, and, upon being relieved,gives that number to his successor.

d. In case of fire, the guard sounds the alarm asprescribed in his special orders. Upon sounding thealarm the guard takes such action as is deemednecessary to prevent the spreading of the fire.

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Section III. OTHER SPECIAL GUARDS 74. General Train guards, boat guards, and other guards aredetailed as special guards when it is impractical forthe main guard to guard the areas or property in-volved.

75. Duties The duties of special guards are prescribed by thecommanding officer to fit the specific needs.

76. Civilian Guards Civilian guards are used when authorized by properauthority. They receive their orders and performtheir duties as the installation commander may di-rect.

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PART THREE EXTERIOR GUARD

CHAPTER 8 FUNCTIONS OF THE EXTERIOR GUARD

77. General Exterior guard is a term used in this manual toclassify those guards outside of a military installa-tion, guards in a combat area, guards in hostile orunfriendly territory, and guards (located any-where) who have to perform their duties in sucha manner that the general orders prescribed forinterior guard are not applicable or practicable. Theconduct and actions of exterior guards are limitedonly by the desires and instructions of the com-manders and small unit leaders and by the trainingand initiative of the guards themselves. This man-ual is not intended to limit or dictate the actionsof exterior guards but to familiarize the individualsoldier with some of the responsibilities and actionsof exterior guards. The situation and mission willbe the deciding factor when the commander plansfor the security of his unit and the actions of hisexterior guards.

78. Composition The composition of an exterior guard is in no wayrelated to that of an interior guard. No commanders

8-1

are detailed for that specific duty. The guards areappointed or selected from small units and functionunder the control and supervision of the small unitleaders (chain of command). The actions and re-sponsibilities of the guards are prescribed by in-structions from their leaders, SOPs, and by appro-priate field manuals.

79. Responsibilities

A unit must be protected at all times from surprise.Exterior guards are utilized to protect a unit fromsurprise and to give the unit time to prepare tocounter any threat. Guards must be alert for sur-prise by ground, airborne, and air attacks; to pro-vide early warning of chemical, biological, radio-logical (CBR) attack or contamination; and toprotect supplies and supply installations. If theunit is moving, security may vary from observationto the use of security patrols. During short halts,guards, small security detachments, and forwardpatrols are used to provide all-round security. Forstationary positions in combat or hostile areas, unitcommanders use exterior guards to establish a sur-veillance system to operate day and night through-out the unit area. The commander may use guards,listening posts, observation posts, patrols, aerialobservers, and any other available means. Theguards may have any number of special devices toassist them in performing their duties. These mayinclude CBR detection devices, electronic detectiondevices, infrared or other night vision devices, tripflares and antipersonnel mines, noisemaking devices

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or any other device to provide early warning to theguard and unit.

80. Patrols Patrols may be used to cover an area not otherwiseunder surveillance or gaps between units. To avoidestablishing a pattern of operation, these patrolsoperate at irregular intervals over a variety ofroutes.

81. Communications All exterior guards must have an adequate com-munications system. Special orders or instructionswill govern the type of communications. These maybe radio, wire, arm-and-hand signals, sounds, orany method specified by the commander or leaders.

82. Areas of Unconventional Operation Providing adequate and effective guards in areasthreatened by a guerrilla force is probably the mostdifficult task to accomplish in unconventional opera-tions. To increase their effectiveness against guer-rillas, all soldiers must be trained in tactics to beused against guerrilla forces. All members of theunit must be thoroughly briefed on known or sus-pected guerrilla forces. The commanders and guardsmust use all combat security measures when operat-ing in areas threatened by guerrilla forces. Guardsmust be particularly alert when in seemingly safeareas, especially when in friendly rear areas. Theguerrilla is usually a highly motivated and an ablefighter whose actions are characterized by surprise,rapid movement, deception, secrecy, and stealth.

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This demands commanders and leaders to exercisemethodical supervision and checks on the exteriorguard and overall security discipline. The routinemeans of security are altered frequently to preventguerrilla forces from obtaining detailed and accu-rate information about the composition, habits, andlocation of the exterior guards. In this environmenttwo or more guards should be placed at each postso that one guard provides security for the otherwhen challenging.

83. Tour of Duty The tour of duty for exterior guards may not bethe same as suggested for interior guards. Normallyno guardhouse is used; the guards perform theirduties and also rest at the same location. Whenpractical, guards operate in pairs or larger groupand rotate the watch and rest periods among them-selves to insure that the required number of guardsare alert at all times. If means are available, per-sonal contact may be made with the guard at irregu-lar intervals. This contact may be made by otherguards, patrols, or unit leaders.

84. Countersigns—Challenge and Password The guards must know and properly use the chal-lenge and password (chap 9). The guard should re-main concealed and in a “ready” position at alltimes when challenging (app F). The regularcountersign is used within friendly areas. Whenoutside friendly areas (e.g., on patrol) a differentchallenge and password should be used. In all cases

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when operating outside friendly areas, a means orrecognition must be established and properly used.

85. Use of the Countersign a. A guard should never allow an unidentified

person to approach too close to his position. Thisis important at night and during other periods ofpoor visibility. Special instructions will be given theguards on the use of the challenge and password(app F). Normally, the challenge and password arealways used in friendly rear areas. A guard in aforward position may be instructed to challenge,avoid, or shoot persons near his post. Normally,when the guard is instructed to fire without chal-lenging, all friendly forces have been instructed toremain concealed in their positions and any move-ment is assumed to be enemy.

b. A guard must be extremely cautious at all times(day and night ) about revealing the challenge andpassword. Never use these words unless the unidenti-fied person first exposes himself to view, therebyindicating he is friendly by allowing the guard anopportunity to fire at him. An enemy probablywould not expose himself at any time, but wouldtry to learn the challenge and password in orderto pass through your lines at another point (appF). For example:

(1) An unidentified person approaches yourpost and calls “friendly party,” or “friend,” butdoes not come into view.

(2) If you call “Halt!” and then give the chal-lenge, “Boston”, the enemy will simply fade awayand go to the next outpost.

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(3) At the second outpost the enemy will, whenhalted, called out “Boston,” hoping to confuse theguard and get him to say the password, “Beans.”

(4) Again, the enemy will slip away, armedwith the challenge and password, ready to approacha third outpost where he may be passed throughthe lines.

86. Challenging Unidentified Persons

a. To challenge unidentified personnel, the guardwill call (app F) “Halt!” clearly and just loudenough to be distinctly understood by the challengedparty. Keep the party covered without exposingyourself. When he halts, ask in a low, clear voice,“Who is there?“ He should reply in a low, clearvoice giving the answer which best identifies himself. For example, “Sergeant Black, first squad,” or“Friendly patrol leader.” You then say, “Advance,Sergeant Black, to be recognized,” or “Advance,friendly patrol leader, to be recognized.” Alwaysadvance persons by the name with which they iden-tified themselves. This insures that only that personadvances toward your position. Continue to keephim covered without exposing yourself and halthim again when he is close enough to be identified.If possible, never advance a person closer than 2meters to your position. In a low, clear voice givehim the challenge, for example, “Rainbow.” Heshould answer with the password, for example,“Archer.” If you are not completely satisfied, ques-tion him further. Ask only questions a friendlyperson would be likely to know.

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b. Other men with the challenged person, such asmembers of a patrol, must be identified. This canbe done in one of two ways. Your commander willprescribe the method for you to use.

(1) The leader can vouch for the others andpass them to the flank of your position. This methodreduces movement and noise at your position, andhelps prevent revealing your location to the enemy.

(2) The leader, or his representative, can iden-tify each man as he passes, notifying you when thelast man has passed.

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CHAPTER 9 COUNTERSIGNS AND PAROLE WORDS

87. General The commanding officer (para 4 a) directs the useof the countersign and parole word.

a. The countersign is used in combat and, whennecessary, in garrison.

b. The parole (word) is used to check on thecountersign when inspecting guards.

c. Any person in time of war who discloses theparole word or countersign to any person not en-titled to receive it, shall be punished by death orsuch other punishment as a court-martial may di-rect (Article 101, Uniform Code of Military Jus-tice).

88. By Whom Authorized If a countersign and parole word are prescribed,they are devised by the highest headquarters withina zone or area. This authority (app F) may be dele-gated to subordinate units so they can designate acountersign or parole immediately, if it becomesnecessary; however, these units notify higher head-quarters of such action without delay.

89. Selecting Countersigns--Challenge and Password a. The choice of words or sounds is made with

care. Words are selected that are difficult for the

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enemy to pronounce and do not indicate the ex-pected answer. When sounds are selected for usethey should be distinctive and similar to those nor-mally heard in the locality.

b. The use of the countersign is rigidly controlledand the initiative to use it rests with the challenger(guard). Mutual identification is essential; there-fore, the person challenged should not give the pass-word if he fails to recognize the challenge. Thechallenger (guard) will use only the challenge,never the password, except as prescribed in para-graph 92.

c. Positive identification by the guard of all per-sons claiming authority to pass is the main consid-eration. Persons whose sole means of identificationis the password are not allowed to pass. If there isa reasonable doubt of the challenged person’s au-thority to pass, even if he gives the password, heapprehended and turned over to the commander onthe relief for further investigation.

90. Using Countersigns When a challenge and password are prescribed, thechallenge is given by the guard after the person isadvanced to be recognized. The password is givenby the challenged person. The challenge and pass-word are given in a low tone to prevent them frombeing overheard by others. For example, a guardat an ammunition dump observes a group approach-ing his post. While the group is far enough away(for the guard to take effective measures should thegroup rush him) he calls “Halt! Who is there?”After receiving an answer (such as “Sergeant

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Black, Delta Company”) indicating the group isfriendly and that it may be authorized to pass, theguard says, “Advance, Sergeant Black, to be recog-nized.” When Sergeant Black reaches a point wherethe challenge, spoken in a low tone, can be heardonly by Sergeant Black, the guard again says,“Halt!” Then he gives the challenge in a low tone(e.g. “Rainbow”). After receiving the correct pass-word from Sergeant Black (e.g. “Archer”) andotherwise satisfying himself that Sergeant Blackis authorized to pass, the guard says, “Advance,Sergeant Black.” The guard then tells SergeantBlack to bring up his men and identify them asthey pass (app F).

91. Parole Words The commanding officer directs the use of a paroleword. It is a secret word imparted only to thosepersons entitled to inspect the guard and to com-manders and members of the guard. It is used asa check on the countersign.

92. Using Parole Words a. The parole word is used by authorized persons

to inspect the guards. When the inspector gives aguard the parole word, the guard gives the inspectorboth parts (the challenge and the password) of thecountersign. The guard does not use the passwordat any other time. The parole word may be usedbefore or after the hours of challenging; the inspec-tor gives the parole word when he is close enoughto prevent it from being overheard by unauthorizedpersons. Upon hearing the parole word, the guard

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knows that he is being inspected by an authorizeperson. The guard then repeats both parts of thecountersign (challenge and password).

b. When used during the hours of challenging,the inspector does not give the parole word until heis advanced to a position near the guard. After be-ing advanced to be recognized, the inspector wouldthen use the parole word and the guard gives himboth parts of the countersign. If the guard chal-lenges the inspector with the first part of the coun-tersign, the inspector answers with the parole wordinstead of the password. The guard then gives thepassword to the inspector. If the inspector does notwish to reveal his official capacity while inspectingthe guard he gives an answer such as “friend” whenhalted by the guard. Examples of using the paroleword: The countersign is “Rainbow-Archer” andthe parole word is “Sunshine.” During daylighthours the officer of the day (or any person author-ized to inspect the guard) approaches a guard. Theguard salutes the officer at the appropriate time.When the officer of the day is close enough to theguard he gives the parole word by saying “Sun-shine” in a low tone to prevent it from being over-heard. The guard answers by saying “Rainbow-Archer.” This is to insure that the guard knowsboth parts of the countersign.

c. If the guard halts the officer of the day duringthe hours for challenging and receives the reply“friend,” then the guard says, “Advance, friend, tobe recognized.” When the officer of the day is closeenough to be recognized, the guard again halts him.The officer of the day then says, “Sunshine.” The

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guard answers “Rainbow-Archer.” If the guardchallenges the officer of the day with the challengehe says, “Halt, Rainbow.” The officer of the dayanswers, “Sunshine,” giving the parole word insteadof the password. The guard then answers, “Archer.”

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APPENDIX A REFERENCES

AR 190-2 AR 190-4

AR 210-10AR 220-45AR 220-90AR 310-25

AR 600-25

AR 635-212

AR 840-10

Installation Confinement Facilities.Uniform Treatment of Military Pris-

oners. Administration.Duty Rosters. Army Bands.Dictionary of United States Army

Terms.Salutes, Honors, and Visits of

Courtesy.Discharge-Unfitness and

Unsuitability.Description and Use of Flags, Guidons,

Tabards, and Automobile Plates.The Military Policeman.Confinement and Correctional

Treatment of Military Prisoners.Drill and Ceremonies.

Uniform Code of Military Justice; Articles—Apprehension.Imposition of Restraint.Reports and Receiving of Prisoners.Releasing Prisoner Without Proper

Authority.Unlawful Detention of Another.Improper Use of Countersign.Misbehavior of Sentinel on Lookout.

FM 19-5FM 19-60

FM 22-5

7 .9 .11.96.

97.101.113.

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APPENDIX BDETAILS AND ROSTERS

1. Detail of Personnel The personnel required for the fixed posts of themain guard are detailed daily.

2. Detail of Officers An officer of the day and an officer of the guard aredetailed with each main guard unless the command-ing officer considers the guard so small that anofficer of the guard is unnecessary. When necessaryto efficiently supervise and control the men on arelief, a junior officer of the guard is detailed toassist the officer of the guard.

3. Rosters a. A roster is a list of individuals or organizations

available for a specific duty with a record of theduty each has performed (AR 220-45).

b. For an accurate and equal distribution of guardduty, rosters are kept. The method described hereinis one acceptable method of keeping a guard roster.Any method that insures equitable performance ofguard duty may be used provided it is not in con-tradiction of AR 220-45.

c. Whenever possible a single organization shouldprovide the guard. This prevents interference orconflict with unit training programs and providesfor maintenance of unit integrity.

d. When a single organization, such as a company,provides the entire guard detail for a day, a guardroster showing only organizations is kept by the

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sergeant major and no account is taken of a verysmall difference in the strength of the companies.However, when the difference in strength of thevarious companies is large, a roster is kept as fol-lows:

(1) Determine the number of sentinels of theguard that each company would be required to fur-nish if each were to detail its share of each guard.This number is called the proportion for each com-pany. The method for finding this proportion isexplained in f below. These numbers are entered inthe proportion column of each company on the ros-ter (fig 16).

(2) Give a minus sign to the proportion numberof each company that does not furnish guard for aparticular day. Add this number algebraically tothe number listed in the credit column for the pre-ceding day. On the day the roster is initiated, entera negative proportion number in the credit column.

(3) Subtract the proportion for the companyproviding the guard from the number of men itactually furnished. Give this difference a plus signand add it algebraically to the number in the creditcolumn for the preceding day.

(a) The company that has the largest minusnumber in the credit column is usually selected tofurnish the next guard; however, the choice of thecompany that will provide the next guard dependsupon the company’s administrative load and train-ing schedule.

(b) Rosters for sergeants and relief com-manders of the guard provided by a single organi-zation are also determined in this manner.

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e. When several organizations provide personnelfor each guard—

(1) The adjutant keeps a roster of all officersof the day and officers of the guard by name.

(2) The sergeant major keeps a roster of allsergeants of the guard, relief commanders, and pri-vates of the guard by number or organization.

(3) The first sergeants keep a roster of allsergeants of the guard, relief commanders, andsentinels of the guard by name.

f. The methods of determining the number ofsentinels of the guard that are due from severalcompanies is shown in figure 17. This figure showsthe method used on the first and second days aftersetting up a guard system. The method used for thesecond day is used on each succeeding day until thenumber of organizations furnishing details changesA discussion of the methods used follows:

(1) Take a number of personnel eligible forsentinel duty in each company from its morningreport for the day before that on which the tour ofduty is to begin. Deduct details for detached serviceof over 24 hours that are made after the morningreport is received. The total is the actual number ofpersonnel available for sentinel duty. Enter thisfigure in the strength column for each company(fig 17).

(2) Then multiply the total guard detail neededby the strength of the company and divide the resultby the total strength of the command. This givesthe proportion for that company. Carry this propor-tion out to 2 decimal places. This is done for each

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Figure 17. Method of determining daily proportional num-ber of sentinels of the guard from several organizations.company. Enter this figure in the proportion columnfor each company (fig 17).

(3) Add the whole numbers in the proportioncolumn together. If the total is less than the totalguard detail needed, add one to the whole number

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in the proportion that has the largest fraction, anso on for each company until the required total forthe guard detail is obtained. Enter these wholenumbers in the detail for each company (fig 17).

(4) Enter in the credit column the differencebetween the exact proportion (proportion column)and the number detailed (detail column) from eachcompany.

(5) Bring the credits forward to the next dayand add them to or subtract them from the firstproportion. If the credit brought forward has a plussign, subtract it from the first proportion. This isdone because the proportion of the guard for thenext day is to be reduced by the credited amount.If the credit has a minus sign, add it to the firstproportion; the proportion is to be increased bythis amount. This gives a final proportion which isused in figuring the detail and credit columns ofsucceeding days.

(6) A typical roster for sentinels of the guard,using this information, is shown in figure 18.

(7) The above methods are used to determinethe number of sergeants of the guard and reliefcommanders and a similar roster is prepared foreach.

g. When organizations provide their own parkguards, credit is given each organization for thenumber of enlisted men detailed as though they hadbeen detailed for main guard.

h. Other special guards are credited as the com-manding officer directs.

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APPENDIX C LEGEND OF SYMBOLS

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APPENDIX D SAFETY REGULATIONS

Section I. SAFETY PROCEDURES1. General All personnel armed with their individual weaponmust be qualified with the weapon, including thesafety regulations for the weapon. Weapons are notcarried with cartridges in the chamber or receiverexcept on orders from the commanding officer.When loaded, weapons are carried locked.

2. Retreat GunsSafety regulations for firing retreat guns are pub-lished by installation commanders and depend onthe type of gun used. These regulations are to beunderstood and complied with by all personnel de-tailed to fire the retreat gun.

Section II. SAFETY RESPONSIBILITY 3. Post Commander Installation commanders insure that any new regu-lations about safety as it applies to guard are madeavailable to the guard immediately.4. Company Commander Company commanders are responsible for the weap-ons qualification, familiarization, and instruction on

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applicable safety regulations of all personnel intheir companies. Any man assigned to guard dutywho is not qualified or familiar with the weapon heis to carry is replaced at once. He is not assigned toguard duty until he becomes qualified or familiarwith the weapon used on guard, or until he canbe equipped with a weapon with which he is alreadyqualified. Qualification pertains to individual weap-ons. Personnel armed with weapons other than theirindividual weapon (shotguns (FM 19-60), riotclubs (FM 19-5 ) ) should receive training on thatweapon prior to going on guard.

5. Officer of the Day It is the responsibility of the officer of the day tosee that all violations of safety regulations thatcome to his attention are reported to the offender’scompany commander. If the violation is serious, hereports it to the commanding officer, who takesappropriate action.

6. Commander of the Guard The commander of the guard insures that membersof his guard observe safety regulations. In the eventof a violation, he reports the incident to the officerof the day for appropriate action. The commanderof the guard is responsible for accountability of liveammunition utilized by the guards during his tourof duty.

7. Sergeant of the Guard The sergeant of the guard is responsible for theconduct of the guard and reports all violations of

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safety regulations to the commander of the guardfor appropriate action. Whenever possible. he ispresent at guard formations which involve loadingand unloading weapons. He makes sure that allsafety regulations are observed.

8. Commander of the Relief The relief commander of the guard is responsiblethat safety precautions are observed by his relief.He reports any man in his relief who violates safetyregulations, and if the violation is serious, requeststhe sergeant of the guard to replace the offender.The relief commander will personally supervise theloading, unloading, and clearing of weapons byguards being posted and relieved when live ammuni-tion is used.

9. Sentinels of the GuardSentinels on guard observe all safety regulations.If the sentinel has any doubt about any of theseregulations he requests instructions from the com-mander of his relief prior to being posted.

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APPENDIX EPRISONERS AND PRISONER GUARDS

1. Rules Governing Prisoners AR 190-2, Installation Confinement Facilities, andAR 190-4, Uniform Treatment of Military Prison-ers, prescribe uniform procedures for the adminis-tration, treatment, and disposition of militarypersons confined at Army installations. The correc-tional officer is responsible to the provost marshalwho in turn is responsible to the installation com-mander on all matters relating to the administrationmand operation of a correctional facility.

2. Confinement and Release of Prisoners a. A prisoner, from the first day of confinement

until his sentence is announced, is held in confine-ment by authority of a properly executed confine-ment order. After being sentenced by a court, theprisoner is held in confinement by the conveningauthority who reviews the court proceedings.

b. All prisoners are released from confinementonly by an order of the proper authority.

3. Custodial Personnel a. The provost sergeant is the senior enlisted

assistant to the correctional officer.b. The correctional officer either operationally

controls or commands all custodial personnel as-

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signed and guard personnel for duty in the correc-tional facility and is the commanding officer ofpersonnel assigned to the correctional holding de-tachment. He is responsible for making certain thatall custodial personnel assigned as work supervisorsare properly armed and instructed in the use oftheir weapons (when weapons are required), knowtheir general and special orders, and are instructedin their duties.

c. Personnel from the installation units may beused during an emergency to augment the correc-tional facility custodial personnel. Personnel fromother units on the installation will not be detailedas work supervisors.

4. Prisoner Guards a. A prisoner guard is detailed for the particular

duty of guarding prisoners who are taken out ofa correctional facility for work or other purposes.Prisoner guards should be detailed for not less thanone month. The number of men detailed on prisonerguard is kept to the minimum. Normally, prisonerguards are not part of the interior guard.

b. A part of the personnel from the main guardmay be used in an emergency to augment the stock-ade custodial personnel.

5. Guards on Duty at Confinement Facilities a. A prisoner guard actively assigned to guarding

prisoners is considered on post.b. In the event of an attempted mass breakout

from confinement, riot, or other general disorder,

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a prisoner guard takes immediate action, using thatforce necessary to restore order or prevent escape.The force used, in any case, is limited to that whichis reasonable and necessary to enforce regulationsand to control prisoners. For priorities of force atan Army confinement facility, see AR 190-4.

c. Caution and good judgment will control theuse of firearms in preventing the escape of a prison-er. In certain cases, as determined by the correc-tional officer, different classifications of prisonerswill require only unarmed supervision; however,when firearms are used by a prisoner guard, theywill be used when no other reasonable means ofpreventing an escape is considered effective, andrealizing that firing to prevent an escape is justifiableonly as a last resort. If a prisoner attempts to escapethe guard will call HALT twice. If the prisonerfails to halt, and if there is no other effective meansfor preventing his escape, the guard directs shots atthe prisoner which are aimed to disable rather thanto kill. Extreme care must be taken to avoid hittinginnocent bystanders.

d. A prisoner guard placed over prisoners shouldreceive specific instructions from the confinementofficer or provost sergeant. Guards are responsiblefor making sure that the work of the prisoners isperformed satisfactorily.

e. They should not allow anyone to come betweenthem and the members of their details or to talk, orgive any object to prisoners.

f. A prisoner guard, placed over prisoners, strictlyenforces the rules for the conduct and control ofprisoners in accordance with the instructions re-ceived or the local policies.

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g. Prisoners, except installation parolees andthose assigned to military retraining units, aredenied the privilege of the military salute.

6. Temporary Release of Prisoners to Unit Guards Units will normally provide guards when a tempo-rary release of a prisoner of that unit is necessaryfor routine administration (i.e., appointment forphysical examination and mental evaluation or foradministrative elimination under provisions of AR635-212, appointment with JAG personnel, pur-chase of required clothing, etc.).

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APPENDIX FDETAILS OF AGREEMENT FROMSTANAG NO. 2042 (2d edition)

AND CENTO STANAG NO. 2042(Details of Agreement of CENTO STANAG No. 2042are identical with Details of Agreement of NATO STANAGNo. 2042 (2d edition). Therefore, CENTO STANAG No.2042 is not reproduced.)

NATO UNCLASSIFIED Agreed English/French Texts. STANAG 2042

(Edition No. 2)

DETAILS OF AGREEMENT (DofA)METHOD OF CHALLENGING BY GUARDS

AND SENTRIESAGREEMENT 1. It is agreed that the NATO Armed Forces areto follow the method of challenging by guards andsentries detailed below.

DEFINITIONS 2. These definitions are taken from AAP-6, “TheNATO Glossary of Military Terms and Definitionsin English and French” where applicable:

NATO UNCLASSIFIED

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NATO UNCLASSIFIED

a. Challenge. Any process carried out by oneunit or person with the object of ascertain-ing the friendly or hostile character oridentity of another.

b. Reply. An answer to a challenge.c. Password. A secret word or distinctive

sound used to reply to a challenge.d. Countersign. A secret challenge and its

reply, e.g., NUTS = challenge, WINE =password or reply.

GENERAL

3. The conduct of the individual sentry is to beprescribed by the authorities of his own force andmay be varied in accordance with operational orother special requirements.4. Confusing or misleading replies to a challengeare prohibited.5. The countersign is normally prescribed by thehighest authority within a zone or area. This powermay be delegated, but higher authority must beinformed without delay when such power is exer-cised by a subordinate.6. When forces of two or more nations are in thesame area, the countersign should be selected fromwords which can be readily pronounced by theforces concerned.

NATO UNCLASSIFIED

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NATO UNCLASSIFIED

FIRING BY SENTRIES8. The circumstances under which a sentry is tobe instructed to fire on persons or groups failingto heed a challenge is left to national authoritiesand must, necessarily, vary depending upon theparticular situation and the laws of the countriesconcerned.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AGREEMENT 9. This STANAG will be considered to have beenimplemented when the necessary orders/instruc-tions to adopt the method described in this Agree-ment have been issued to the forces concerned.

NATO UNCLASSIFIED

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PIN: 023689-001