Heading West – Push/Pull!. Think of three reasons why you may have been pushed to go West....
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Transcript of Heading West – Push/Pull!. Think of three reasons why you may have been pushed to go West....
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Heading West – Push/Pull!
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Think of three reasons why you may have been pushed to go West.
(Let’s be honest . . . Why would anyone want to go here?)
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In 1780, 2.7 million people lived in 13 states
Fifty years later . . .
In 1830, 12 million people lived in 24 states
Why do people
move west?
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The average family had
five children at this time!
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Push Factors Cause People to Leave Home!
Why did Cowboys leave home?
What forced Exodusters to move?
Why did Native Americans migrate West?
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Push Factors
Think about . . .
What “pushed” you out of bed today?
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Pull Factors Draws People to New Location!
Why did Railroad Workers end up in California?
What led Mormons to settle in Utah?
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Pull Factors
Think about this . . .
What “pulled” you to SS today?
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Push Factors to the West
Overcrowding (you need a new place to live)
Need for jobs (displaced workers)
Ethnic/Religious repression
Refuge for outlaws
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Land (cheap and plentiful)
Riches (gold, silver, later oil)
Freedom of religion/beliefs
Family connections
Jobs and new opportunities
Pull Factors to the West
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Adventure!
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Or maybe to find LOVE
Perhaps a mail-order bride?
Kiss Me!
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Today . . .
What are some modern day examples of push/pull?
–Poor economy - people move for jobs
–Environmental disasters (Hurricane Katrina, Japanese and Haitian Earthquakes)
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What encouraged (or pushed) so many Americans to go West (or did they get pulled West)?
A belief in the philosophy of Manifest Destiny, which stated that …..
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…. God, …, clearly wanted hard–working American(s) to occupy North America. It was inevitable and good that the United States occupy the continent “from sea to shining sea.”
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“It is,” he wrote, “our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.”
John L. O’Sullivan (editor) gave these ideas a name: Manifest Destiny
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End here on Friday, 2/27
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What incentives does the government provide to help fulfill this “manifest destiny” and pull people west?
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Incentives to go west #1:Homestead Act (1862)
for approximately $10, settlers could have 160 acres of western land, if
they met certain criteria:
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• American citizens who were 21 years or older, or the head of a household
• Built a home on their lot, and lived in it at least 6 mos. of the year
• Farmed the land for 5 years or more
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• Daniel Freeman was the first American to file a homestead claim for land under the Homestead Act of 1862.
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• Almanzo Wilder received a patent granting him title to 160 acres in Dakota Territory that for five years he had homesteaded with his wife Laura Ingalls Wilder.
• Homesteaders would often display the patent as proof of their hard work.
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Mr. & Mrs. David Vincent and daughter, Martha, by their sod house near White River, South Dakota
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Sod •Tough layer of prairie sod. The turf is held together for a depth of about a foot. The durability of the sod layer prevents erosion from taking place at the same rate as on the deposits below it.
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Sod Houses - Interior
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•Imagine the isolation felt by the homesteaders!
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End here on Tuesday, 3/03
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Incentives to go West #2:The Pacific Railways Act (1862/1864)
–Granted railroads 10 square miles on either side of each track they laid to the west
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What did the railroads do with all that land?
They Sold It!!
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Incentive to go West #3:
Morrill-Land Grants (1862 initial)
–Gave land to state educational facilities with curriculum tied to agriculture and mechanical arts (Texas A&M, Oklahoma A&M, etc.)
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…states were given land in the west in exchange for opening up colleges – even Delaware! (1890 version of the grant)
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End here on Wednesday, 3/04
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A question to ponder . . .
The Homestead Act, Pacific Railways Act, and Morrill Land Grants are government incentives and their method to conquer the land.
What Technology and/or Tools might the people need?Change the last box of your notes from “Potential Conflicts”
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The item in the foreground, not the train in the background
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Mechanical Reapers
Sod busting plows
Mechanized tractors
Tools to work the land!
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Keys to Farming on the Plains
John Deere – high quality farm equipment to work the plains.
Cyrus McCormick – developed the reaper for working the large crops.
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What potential conflicts might occur as a result of all this movement?