Head, Neck, and Face
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Transcript of Head, Neck, and Face
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Head, Neck, and Face Kinesiology Flash Cards
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Directions
• The first slide asks a question.
• The second slide answers the question.
• Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge.
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Question
• Where is the frontalis muscle?
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Answer
The forehead
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Question
• Which bone is situated posterior to the two parietal bones to make up the back of the skull?
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Answer
• The occipital bone
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Question
• What is the action of the frontalis muscle?
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Answer • The frontalis muscle raises the eyebrows and wrinkles
the forehead.
• The frontalis muscle works with the occipitalis muscle. The two are connected via the sheet tendon that covers the top of the cranium.
• These muscles working together make a unit called the epicranius. The tendon that attaches these muscles together has two names: 1) the epicranial aponeurosis and 2) the galea aponeurotica.
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Question
• What is the action of the occipitalis muscle?
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Answer
• The occipitalis muscle assists the frontalis muscle in raising the eyebrows.
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Question
• Which bone is commonly referred to as the jaw bone?
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Answer
• The mandible
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Question
• What is the action of the corrugator supercilii muscle?
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Answer
• The corrugator supercilii muscle brings the eyebrows together, making wrinkles between them.
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Question
• Which bones articulate to form the temporomandibular joint?
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Answer
• The mandibular condyle (mandible) articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.
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Question
• What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?
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Answer
• Combination of a plane and hinge joint
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Question
• What types of movements are available at the temporomandibular joint?
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Answer
• Depression and elevation (hinge joint)
• Protraction and retraction (gliding joint)
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Question
• Which muscles open (depress) the jaw?
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Answer
• Primary – External pterygoid– Anterior head of the digastric
• Secondary – Muscles attached to the hyoid bone
• Suprahyoid, digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, infrahyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
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Question
• Which muscles close (elevate) the jaw?
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Answer
• Primary – Masseter– Temporalis
• Secondary – Internal pterygoid
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Question
• What is the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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Answer
• Origin – Superior margin of the sternum and the
medial aspect of the clavicle
• Insertion – Mastoid process of the temporal bone
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Question
• What are the general actions of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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Answer
• Bilaterally – Flexes the neck – Draws the head anteriorly – Elevates the chin
• Unilaterally – Rotates the head to the opposite side – Laterally flexes the neck
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Question
• What is the origin and insertion of the scalene muscles?
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Answer
• Origin – Transverse process of the cervical vertebrae
• Insertion – Superior surface of the first two ribs
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Question
• What is the origin and insertion of the levator scapulae?
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Answer
• Origin – Transverse processes of C1–C4
• Insertion – Superior part of the medial border of the
scapula
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Question
• What actions does the trapezius perform at the neck and head?
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Answer
• Extends the head and neck
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Question
• What actions does levator scapulae perform at the neck?
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Answer
• Unilaterally – Laterally flexes the neck to the same side – Rotates the neck to the same side
• Bilaterally – Extends the neck
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Question
• What muscle presses the cheeks against the teeth? (Hint: this same muscle is used in holding the cheeks in when playing a trumpet.)
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Answer
The buccinator
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Question
• What is the muscle that bulges at the temples when clenching the teeth?
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Answer
The temporalis
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Question
• The joint between the first cervical vertebra and the second cervical vertebra is called ______.
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Answer
• The atlantoaxial joint – The first cervical vertebrae is called the atlas– The second cervical vertebrae is called the
axis
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Question
• What type of joint is the atlantoaxial joint?
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Answer
Pivot
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Question
• Which two bones form the atlantooccipital joint?
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Answer
• The superior facets of the first cervical vertebra (atlas) articulate with the occipital condyles of the occipital bone.
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Question
• Which muscle bulges at the cheeks when clenching the teeth?
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Answer
The masseter
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Question
• What is the round muscle that surrounds the mouth?
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Answer
Orbicularis oris
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Question
• What is the round muscle that surrounds each eye?
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Answer
The orbicularis occuli