HCI Design in Games
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Transcript of HCI Design in Games
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HCI Design in Games
Cindy Song
Fall ‘06
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Agenda
IntroFour Concepts
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
Hands-OnConclusion
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GoalLearn novel
design concepts from games
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
GoalQuestions to Keep In Mind
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Questions to Keep In MindHow do they apply to general apps?Differences b/t games & general apps?
Multi-user vs. single-user mindsets?3D vs. 2D?One app open vs. multiple windows?Motivation: life/death vs. finishing 5-min early?
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
GoalQuestions to Keep In Mind
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Effortless Community Motivation
Communities Serve as Valuable resources Comment on content Resolve problems Provide collaboration
Challenges Critical mass Access to the Internet Ability to find or form the right subgroups
Games make it easy Participation in communities Group forming in communities
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Connect to Community Integration
Game and community Easy to access
Host Servers Dedicated & reliable game servers Enable gamers to host communities on their own game servers Takes a few clicks from within the game itself
Benefits Attract critical mass of users Participate in the same location Available for collaboration
Nature of Games Multi-player: community is a requirement
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Identify and Form Groups Requirements for Collaborator is Situational
General questions (i.e. workaround) Wide group or anyone nearby
Specific tasks Compatible personalities Similar levels of expertise Common interests
Games provide Meeting places In-game grouping
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Meeting Places
Discuss Strategy
Solve Problems
Customize games
Match-Making Stats Profiles
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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In-Game Grouping Situation
Massive multiplayer games Thousands of people Same game world No defined end to the game
Gamer has identity within the world Location (i.e. secret cow level) Conversation channels (i.e. network lag) Friend lists Visual identity (i.e. skills, loyalties, expertise) Explicit teams (i.e. private communication, tracking mechanisms) Guilds (66% of WoW characters, 90% if > level 43)
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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In-Game Grouping (cont.)Explicit Team
Restricted conversations
Locate allies
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Guilds Social
PressureFacilitates
group forming43% more
often to be in a group
CHI ‘06
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Social Aspects of WoW In WoW
Being surrounded by others Café Analogy
Interacting with an audience Identity – “it is not ‘the people that are addictive’ but rather,
‘it’s the image of myself I get from other people’.” CHI ’06 Laughing at and with others
Other players are a spectacle – adds entertainment i.e. Impromptu dance performance by a group of characters
waiting for a boat i.e. Gnome wearing a deep-dive helmet in an auction house “/silly” command
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Community for General Apps General Applications
Graphics Designers who use Photoshop Java Programmers who use JBuilder Architects who use AutoCAD
Channels Newsgroups Websites
Size Comp.graphics.apps.photoshop contains >140,000
discussion threads.
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Weaknesses Conventional apps
Users are disconnected Unaware of others
When communities do exist Participation occurs outside of the application Interaction is asynchronous (i.e. newsgroup)
Disadvantages Requires third party tools Extra effort Out of the application context
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Games vs. General Apps Similarities
Need to build expertise Have questions answered Discuss approaches Solicit Feedback Aim for productivity and efficiency
Discussion Could we apply community concepts to general apps?
Integrated community Meeting place In-app grouping (topic-specific chats, friend list, explicit teams)
What are some differences b/t games and general apps that make it difficult to share HCI concepts?
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Learning by Watching Motivation
Learn from more experienced users Observational Learning
Challenges Users are distributed, not face-to-face Requires embodiment and workspace awareness Requires understanding of detailed actions
Games make it possible Real-time awareness Embodiment information
IntroFour ConceptsHands-OnConclusion
Motivation & ChallengesGames: Easy to ConnectGames: Easy to Identify and Form GroupsComparison with General Apps
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Awareness & EmbodimentConvey embodiment, awareness, and task
based infoAllows easy interpretation of fine-grained
actionsi.e. 3D Avatar in GhostRecon - Crouch,
crawl, jump, run, open doors, and pick up items
i.e. Strategy for fighting lightening demons in Diablo II
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Shared views of workspace and awareness Explored in groupware Not much in single-user applications
i.e. VNC OS-level & App-level Provides awareness (mouse, dropdown menu
selection) Not adequate task information (key sequences)
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Games vs. General Apps Similarities
Benefit from observational learning
Discussion Could we apply learning-by-watching concepts to
general apps? Real-time awareness (i.e. mouse loc, dropdown selection) Task-based information (i.e. present sequence of actions) Visual presentation (i.e. player’s status)
What are some differences b/t games and general apps that make it difficult to share HCI concepts?
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Deep Customizability Motivation
“There is no single configuration best for all tasks.” Increase efficiency & usability
Challenges Usually takes effort to customize
Games innovate Anything-goes UI malleability Natural extensibility Portable customizations
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Anything-Goes UI Malleability
UI element locations
New command container
Remap controls
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Natural ExtensibilityMacros
Everquest: 2 mouse clicksMS Word: 7 actions before starting, 5 more to
place onto a toolbar to useSimplicity
Use macro even for a few minutes’ worth of activity
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Portable CustomizationsSave, move, and share modifications and
extensionsXML files for configurations “Mod kits” for simplifying creation, editing, and
installation of extensions, layouts, and skinsGamers with no experience can use these
interfacesControversy: How much control to give the
users?
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Games vs. General Apps Similarities
Goal: performance and productivity
Discussion Could we apply customizability concepts to general
apps? Anything-Goes UI Malleability (palettes of tools, remap func) Natural Extensibility (i.e. macro) Portable Customizations (i.e. XML)
What are some differences b/t games and general apps that make it difficult to share HCI concepts?
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Fluid System-Human InteractionMotivation
Minimize disruptions to work flowLess user attention Less user effort
Games use novel approachesCalm messagingAttention-aware interface elementsContext-aware view behaviors
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Calm MessagingAudio
Recorded voice notificationsSpatialized environmental sound
Transient TextGradually fadesAutomatically-scrolled message area
AnimationMatch level of visibility with importance Indicate direction, location, and priority
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Warcraft III Red
concentric circles and arrows
Voice: type of event
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Other Fluid UIAttention-aware
Transparency levels reflect user attention (mouse-over)
Context-awareZoom, pan, and rotate viewsNeverwinter Nights: 3 camera behaviorsEasy to toggle using key shortcuts
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Everquest
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Games vs. General Apps Similarities
Goal: no disruption to workflow
Discussion Could we apply customizability concepts to general
apps? Calm Messaging (i.e. audio, transient text, animation) Attention-aware (Transparent out-of-focused windows) Context-aware (i.e. zoom, pan, & rotate views)
What are some differences b/t games and general apps that make it difficult to share HCI concepts?
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Hands-On: Diablo IICollaborate with others to complete tasks Identify examples for today’s concepts
Effortless CommunityLearning by WatchingDeep CustomizabilityFluid System-Human Interaction
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Games vs. General Apps Similarities
Effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction Same challenges User demographics (40% PC game players > 36 yo;
38% are female)
Challenges Effortless Community – distraction, privacy, security Learning by Watching – privacy, visibility Deep Customizability – adoption, applicability Fluid UI – Office env, miss msgs, applicability