Hazardous Materials Awareness Level Annual Refresher Program.

Hazardous Materials Awareness Level

Annual Refresher

Program

FIRST RESPONDER AWARENESS LEVEL – ANNUAL REFRESHER TRAINING

INTRODUCTION

Employees at the awareness level are personnel likely to (1) discover or witness a hazardous material emergency, or (2) may be the first on the scene of an emergency involving hazardous materials. These employees are expected to recognize which hazardous materials are present, protect themselves, call for trained personnel and secure the area. Their most important role is making proper notifications that begin the emergency response sequence. This level of training anticipates a response role which involves no potential for exposure to hazards related to the hazardous materials involved in an incident.

The employer is responsible for ensuring the health and safety of responding personnel as well as the protection of the public and the communities served. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311 require that emergency response employees be completely trained before they perform at hazardous materials emergencies. Training managers face a significant challenge in ensuring that all responding personnel are fully trained and prepared while working within existing resources and conflicting priorities. An employer must provide annual refresher training which focuses on using available information sources to recognize and identify hazardous materials. The refresher training should be accomplished with approximately four contact hours.

This training course has been developed by the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) District 1 to provide annual First Responder Awareness Level Refresher Training to emergency responders including law enforcement, fire fighters, EMS, Public Works and others.

This course is divided into four parts and should take approximately four (4) hours to complete: Part 1 – 3/4 hour, Part 2 – 1 1/2 hour, Part 3 – 1 1/4 hour and Part 4 – 1/2 hour. All students taking this course should have a current version of the North American Emergency Response Guidebook (NAERG).

Part 1

“Preparation for Response”

Part 1

“Preparation for Response”

After completing this section, you will understand:

• Training required by OSHA in 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311.

• The role of the first responder at the awareness level.

• The role of the LEPC and SERC in regards to hazardous materials emergency response planning.

AHJ Authority Having Jurisdiction

ALS Advanced Life Support

BLS Basic Life Support

CBRNE Chemical-Biological-Radiological-Nuclear-Energetic

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

DOT Department of Transportation

EAP Emergency Action Plan

EHS Extremely Hazardous Substance

EMS Emergency Medical Service

EOC Emergency Operations Center

EOP Emergency Operations Plan

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-know Act

ERG Emergency Response Guide

ERP Emergency Response Plan

FDCA Florida Department of Community Affairs

FDEM Florida Division of Emergency Management

FDEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection

FDLE Florida Department of Law Enforcement

FDOH Florida Department of Health

FDOT Florida Department of Transportation

FOG Field Operations Guide

Important Acronyms

IAP Incident Action Plan IC Incident Commander ICP Incident Command Post ICS Incident Command System HAZ-MAT Hazardous MaterialsHAZWOPER Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency ResponseNAERG North American Emergency Response GuidebookLEPC Local Emergency Planning CommitteeMSDS Materials Safety Data SheetNFPA National Fire Protection AssociationNGO Non-Governmental Organization NIMS National Incident Management System NOS Not Otherwise SpecifiedNRP National Response Plan ORM Other Regulated MaterialOSHA Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationPPE Personal Protective EquipmentPIO Public Information Officer RDSTF Regional Domestic Security Task ForceRPC Regional Planning CouncilSARA Superfund Amendment an Reauthorization ActSERC State Emergency Response CommissionSOG Standard Operating Guidelines SOP Standard Operating ProceduresSWP State Warning PointWMD Weapons of Mass Destruction

Important Acronyms

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Definitions US DOT - “a hazardous substance or material which has beendetermined to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported...” US EPA and OSHA - “any substance that can produce an adverse effect on the health or safety of the persons exposed...”. A simple definition - “any substance or material that may hurt orharm the things it contacts if released from its container.”

An EHS is a material that: • Is listed by EPA in 40 CFR 355.

• Could present a significant risk to the surrounding community and/or environment if released.

• Have an extremely high degree of toxicity.

• Have the potential to migrate off-site of the release and move throughout the environment presenting an immediate health and

safety hazard.

• Must be reported to the appropriate authorities if stored in quantities exceeding the threshold planning quantities.

EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE

EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

Some Extremely Hazardous Substances include:

ChemicalChemical

ChlorineChlorine

Ammonia (anhydrous)Ammonia (anhydrous)

Ammonia (aqueous 20% or greater)Ammonia (aqueous 20% or greater)

Sulfur Dioxide (anhydrous)Sulfur Dioxide (anhydrous)

Hydrogen Chloride (anhydrous)Hydrogen Chloride (anhydrous)

Hydrochloric Acid (aqueous 37% or greater)Hydrochloric Acid (aqueous 37% or greater)

Hydrogen Fluoride (anhydrous)Hydrogen Fluoride (anhydrous)

Hydrofluoric Acid (aqueous 50% or greater)Hydrofluoric Acid (aqueous 50% or greater)

Nitric Acid 80% or greater)Nitric Acid 80% or greater)

A complete list of extremely hazardous substances may be obtained from the Florida Department of Community Affairs Risk Management Program at www.dca.state.fl.us/cps/arprmp/start.htm or by calling (800) 635-7179.

Hazardous Materials Incident Any unplanned or unexpected release/potential release of a hazardous material. Some unique characteristics of these incidents:

Required PPE might not be provided.

Responders may not be trained in the use of required PPE.

May require operational approaches that differ from normal or routine duties.

Non-routine skills and attitudes may be required.

Can pose a significant risk to the responder.

Always expect the unexpected when responding!!!!

When responding to any motor vehicle accident, the responder should park his/her vehicle at least 50 feet upwind (100 feet if any hazardous materials are involved in the accident).

T Thermal Temperature extremes.Heat from fire or heat releasing chemical reactions.Extremes in cold, e.g. liquefied gas and cryogenic liquids.

E Etiological Injury of harm caused by human disease causing agents.Bacteria and viruses.

A Asphyxiation Simple – caused by an oxygen deficient atmosphere.Chemical – can cause changes in the body preventing the proper use of oxygen, e.g. carbon monoxide.

M Mechanical Physical hazardous such as flying debris, uneven ground and/or excessive noise conditions with potential for hearing damage.

C Chemical Toxic or injurious effects caused by exposure to chemicals, e.g. pesticide poisoning, respiratory injury (e.g. chlorine) and corrosive damage to eyes and skin (e.g. acids and alkalines).

P Psychological Mental stress from fear of the unknown or from witnessing a violent death.

R Radiological Exposure to materials that spontaneously emit radiation.

TEAM CPRMechanisms of HarmMechanisms of HarmMechanisms of HarmMechanisms of Harm

•Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”.

•Your level of involvement is defined by your employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP).

•The actions you are expected to take should be in Standard Operating Guidelines format.

•NEVER exceed your level of training and protection!

Public Safety “Duty to Act”

Awareness Level Goals

First responders at the Awareness Level have four Goals or responsibilities:

Recognition/Identification

Recognize if an incident involves haz-mats and identify materials involved - if this can be done with no risk to the responder.

Isolation Isolate and deny access to the area. Remove uninjured and non-contaminated persons from the area - if it can be done without risk to the responder.

Protection Protect yourself and others. If properly trained and equipped, this may include use of PPE and evacuation of nearby structures.

Notification Notify the next level of response.

• The ERG is a responder’s tool for success.• Every emergency vehicle should have an ERG.• Purpose:

– An aid for identification of the material involved.

– Outlines basic initial actions.

– Recommends protective action areas.

– Serves as an initial incident safety plan.

– National and international emergency contact phone numbers.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK”

• Congress passed the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act (EPCRA) in 1986

• 1988 - Florida Legislature passed the Florida Hazardous Materials Emergency Response and Community Right-to-Know Act

• EPCRA, Section 126 mandated that OSHA develop safety regulations for fist responders.

• EPCRA requires local communities and facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous materials emergencies.

Federal and State RegulationsFederal and State Regulations

SUPERFUND AND HAZWOPER

SARA Title I, Section 126 - mandated worker safety regulations for hazardous waste operations and emergency response in 29 CFR 1910.120 and 40 CFR 311. SARA Title III - Emergency Planning and Community Right – to – Know Right - To - Know Act (EPCRA) requires:

1. Reporting of hazmat releases to the Florida State Warning Point at (800) 320-0519 or (850) 413-9911 (emergency 24 hour#) and the National Response Center (800) 424-8802

2. State Emergency Response Commissions (SERCs) and Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPCs)

Maintain regional emergency response

equipment and facilities lists

Develop SOP’s for facility and emergency

personnelIdentify facilities

and transportation

routes

Develop timely detection and notification procedures

Maintainevacuation plans

Provide training

Test and exercise hazmat plans

Designate community and

facility coordinators

LEPCResponsibilities

SUPERFUND AND HAZWOPER

HAZWOPER- Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR 1910.120)

• OSHA and EPA’s safety standard developed in accordance with the mandate of EPCRA, Section 126

• Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR

Adopted by EPA in 40 CFR 311 to insure its enforcement

in all states.

HAZWOPERApplies to employers & employees exposed/potentially

exposed to hazardous substances/waste in the following five operations:

Required clean-up operations involving hazardous substances that are conducted at uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Corrective actions involving clean-up operations at sites covered under RCRA.

Voluntary clean-up operations at sites recognized by federal, state, local, or other governmental body as uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Operations involving hazardous wastes conducted at treatment, storage, and disposal facilities regulated by Title 40 CFR 264 and 265, or by agencies under agreement with EPA to implement RCRA regulations. Emergency response operations for releases of, or substantial threats of release of, hazardous substances regardless of the location of the hazard.

Awareness Persons likely to witness or discover a haz-mat release must notify appropriate authorities, deny entry into the affected and remain at a safe location until emergency responders reach the scene.

Operational Persons who respond to haz-mat incidents with defensive actions to contain and prevent the release from spreading.

Hazardous Materials

Technician

Persons who respond to a haz-mat spill with offensive actions to control the spill or leak.

Hazardous Materials Specialist

Persons with specialized knowledge that provide support to the Hazardous Materials Technician.

Hazardous Materials Incident

Commander

Persons who assume command of the incident and control all operations. They must have Operational Level training and additional training in implementing the employer’s emergency response plan.

There are five levels of training required under HAZWOPER:

LEVELS OF TRAINING

Defensive mode – Level of training, available equipment, or extent of the incident prohibits further involvement in controlling the incident. Responder may be required to activate remote shut-offs.

Offensive mode - Places the responder close to or in contact with the hazardous material or its vapors and gases. These operations are taken only after a thorough risk vs. benefit analysis. They demand the highest level of knowledge since they expose the responder to the greatest risk.

Modes of Operation

There are two modes of operation at a haz - mat incident:

OPERATIONAL MODES

• Awareness and Operational level responders take DEFENSIVE actions.

• Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions.

• The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety.

OPERATIONAL MODES

PART 1 – REVIEW QUESTIONS

Before continuing, take a few minutes to answer the following questions:

1. Who is designated as the incident commander at hazardous materials emergencies in your community?

2. Who would you notify in your community to activate the hazardous materials emergency response plan?

3. What agencies are available in your community to assist with a haz-mat emergency?

4. What medical facilities in your area will accept hazardous materials patients?

5. Who can order a mandatory evacuationduring a hazardous materials emergency?

6. This OSHA regulation was developed toinsure responder safety during haz- matemergencies:

A. 49 CFR 1910.120B. 29 CFR 1910.120C. 40 CFR 1910.20D. 29 CFR 1911.11

7. Which mechanisms of harm could most likely be present at an accident involving a gasoline tank truck?

A. Thermal, etiological, mechanical, radiologicalB. Thermal, asphyxiation, mechanical, radiologicalC. Thermal, asphyxiation, chemical, psychologicalD. Thermal, mechanical, psychological, radiological

8. A hazardous material is defined as a substance or material that:

A. Can pose an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported.

B. Can produce an adverse effect on the health or safety of exposed persons.

C. When released from its container may hurt or harm the things it contacts.

D. All of the above.

10. The two operational response modes are:

A. Risk and benefit.

B. Defensive and operational.

C. Offensive and defensive

D. Safe and Cautious

11. The four goals of the awareness level responder are:A. Recognition/identification, isolation, protection and notification.B. Recognition/identification, isolation, personal protection and public awareness.C. Identification, notification, protection and risk assessment. D.Identification, public protection, risk assessment and isolation.

12. The five levels of training are:

A. Awareness, Operational Specialist, Hazardous Materials Trainee, Hazardous Materials Awareness, Incident Specialist.

B. Hazardous Materials Technician, Hazardous Materials Specialist, Hazardous Materials Incident Commander, Operations Level and Primary Technician.

C. Awareness, Operations Specialist, Hazardous Materials Technician, Hazardous Materials Inspector, Hazardous Materials Incident Commander.

D. Awareness, Operational, Hazardous Materials Technician, Hazardous Materials Specialist, Hazardous Materials Incident Commander.

13. Awareness Level responders always operate in

the offensive mode:

A. True

B. False

9. The seven potential hazards found at a hazardous material incident (TEAM CPR) are?

A. Toxic, etiological, asphyxiation, mechanical, chronic, psychological, radiological.

B. Thermal, etiological, asphyxiation, mechanical, chemical, psychological, radiological.

C. Tired, etiological, asphyxiation, man-made, chemical, physical, radiological.

D. Thermal, etiological, aspiration, mechanical, chemical, physiological, radiological.

PART 1 – REVIEW QUESTIONS – ANSWERS

1. This depends upon the emergency responder’s ICS procedures. In most cases, the local fire department will have jurisdiction.

2. The communications center (911), dispatch center, local warning point

3. Fire Departments, Law Enforcement Agencies, Emergency Medical Services, Utility Companies, Public Works Departments, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and Emergency Management

4. Contact your supervisor for this answer

5. The on-scene commander

(Important - Review the answers to questions 1-5 with your supervisor)

6. B

7. C

8. D

9. B

10. C

11. A

12. D

13. B

This concludes Part 1 “Preparation for Response”

the information covered in this unit.

Part 2

“Hazard Identification”

Part 2

“Hazard Identification”

After completing this section, you should be able to identify:

• Six clues that indicate the presence of a hazardous material(s).

• The nine DOT Hazard classes.

• A hazardous material by class, name and/or UN/NA ID number.

Decisions made in the first minutes of an incident will have a direct impact on its outcome. Making sound choices early, reduces the impact of the incident and increases life safety for the responder and members of the public.

YOUR SAFE RESPONSE IS DEPENDENT UPON YOUR

ABILITY TO RECOGNIZE AND IDENTIFY HAZARDOUS

MATERIALS

Recognizing Hazardous Materials

Six Important Clues

Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location

Clue # 2 - Container Shape and Size

Clue # 3 - Placards and labels

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors

Clue # 6 - The Human Senses

1. Occupancy refers to the actual structure and its use: Manufacturing facilities Storage facilities Retail establishments Residential

2. Location is the general area in which you are located: Agricultural Industrial Parks Business Districts Residential Areas Transportation corridors - rail, air, marine, pipeline, and highway. Illegal Operations (e.g. drug labs).


If you accidentally come across an illegal drug lab, don’t touch anything or stop any process. Leave the

same way you entered and get specialized help.

DANGER

METH LABS

An illegal meth lab makes the illegal drug methamphetamine. All processes use harmful chemicals including explosives, solvents, metals, salts and corrosives. During the drug manufacturing (“cooking”) process, additional toxic compounds and by-products are produced. The fumes, vapors, and spillage associated with cooking can all be toxic. Booby traps can be present. Can be located anywhere activities can be hidden from view such as in: storage units, motel rooms, trailer parks, apartments, houses and car trunks.


METH LAB CLUES

• Unusual traffic at all hours• Chemical odors• Fortified• Occupants come outside to smoke


Low pressure or non-pressurized Containers

Found in a wide variety of configurations - bags, bottles, and drums. Common highway containers are the MC/306 - DOT/406 (commonly seen carrying gasoline and other petroleum materials), the MC/307 - DOT/ 407 (chemical carriers) and the MC/312 - DOT/412 (corrosive carriers).

Pressurized Containers

Pressurized containers - made from heavy steel with rounded ends to distribute pressure against the container walls. Containers transported by rail, have valves and contentions, which are enclosed in a protective steel dome. Common highway containers are the MC/331 (liquefied gas) and the MC/338 (cryogenic) carriers.

Review Pages 18 –19 in your 2004 ERG

Clue # 2 - Container Shape and Size

Clue # 3 - Placards and Labels

A vehicle without a placard may be transporting hazardous materials. For commercial carriers, it is estimated that:

• 50% carry hazardous materials.• Placards are required for only 50% of those transporting haz-mats. • Only 50% are properly placarded.

Labels - Found on containers

Placards - Found on vehicles transporting hazardous materials.

Review Pages 16 –17 in your 2004 ERG

CLASS 1 - EXPLOSIVES

Division 1.1 - Mass Explosion Hazard

Virtually the entire load could detonate instantaneously given the proper initiating source.

Examples: Dynamite, Trinitrotoluene (TNT) and black powder.

Division 1.2 - Projectile hazard Explosive with a projectile hazard but not a mass explosion hazard. Examples: Aerial flares, detonating cord.

Division 1.3 - Fire hazard, minor blast and/or minor projection hazard Examples: Propellant explosives.

Division 1.4 - Minor explosion hazard Contains very small amounts of explosive materials with no projection hazard. Examples: Practice ammunition signal cartridges.

Division 1.5 - Very insensitive explosives Has a mass explosion hazard, but requires such a high-powered initiating source. Unlikely to self- initiate even if burning. Formerly called “Blasting Agents”.

Examples: Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Oil Mixtures (ANFO)

EXPLOSIVES SAFETY

1. Consider all explosives an extreme hazard when involved in a fire.

2. Engine compartment and tire fires should be fought aggressively by trained personnel if the fire does not make its way to the storage area.

3. Always anticipate that you will be unable to get the fire under control and start evacuation early.

4. Know your response area and where explosives may be in use. There may be no outward indication that explosives are present.

Division 2.1: Flammable Gases

A flammable gas has a vapor pressure of 14.7 psi or greater at 68 degrees F and is usually present in the form of a gas. Some flammable gases are liquefied, e.g. propane and butane. The pressure keeps the gas in a liquid form. If released, the liquid will convert to a gas and expand rapidly. Other gases are stored as compressed gases. The container pressures for these gases are generally higher and the expansion ratio is not as great.

Examples: Acetylene, Hydrogen

Division 2.2: Non-Flammable, Non-Toxic Gases2.2 “Non-Flammable, Non-Po

Non-flammable gases can be compressed, liquefied compressed or cryogenic. Cryogenic liquids have three hazards:

• Extremely cold temperatures (< -150 degrees F).

• The hazards of the gas itself (inert, displaces oxygen).

• Very high expansion ratio - 800 - 1000 to 1.

Materials in this class do not meet the strict criteria for being either flammable or poisonous. However, they may be toxic to humans and sometimes flammable.

Examples: anhydrous ammonia, cryogenic argon, liquid or compressed nitrogen, carbon dioxide.

CLASS 2 – GASES

Division 2.3: Toxic Gases2

A gas stored in a compressed or compressed liquefied state. These gases have the potential to travel longer distances. If liquefied, it will have higher expansion ratio and will create a large vapor cloud.

Examples: chlorine, methyl bromide, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide.

CLASS 3 – FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

Flammable liquids release enough vapors at room temperature to support combustion if an ignition source is present. Combustible liquids generally need warming to produce sufficient vapors to support combustion. Many of these materials contain toxicological hazards as well, such as the benzene found in gasoline.

Flammable liquids must be grounded

and bonded to prevent fires and/or explosions

CLASS 4 – FLAMMABLE SOLIDS

Division 4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible materials Pyrophoric - Will ignite in less than 5 minutes upon contact with air.

Self Heating - Can slowly self heat upon contact with air. Examples: phosphorus, charcoal briquettes

Division 4.3 – Dangerous When Wet / Water Reactive Substances materials Examples: Lithium, sodium

Division 4.1 – Flammable Solids materials Wetted explosives – Have enough water, alcohol or plasticizer content to suppress explosive properties.

Self reactive materials – Can react with the release of heat if exposed to high temperatures during transport, friction or if contaminated.

Readily combustible – can ignite with friction

Examples: Sulfur, magnesium, nitrocellulose

Division 5.1 - Oxidizers

Those materials that may cause or enhance the combustion of other materials by releasing oxygen. Examples: ammonium nitrate, pool chemicals like calcium hypochlorite.

Division 5.2 – Organic Peroxides Organic peroxides have a bivalent -O-O- structure in the compound. This means there is a lot of oxygen in the molecule. Attached to each end of the molecule is an organic compound that may have varying combustible characteristics. Therefore, a fuel is present with plenty of available oxygen. Organic peroxides can be VERY unstable and can detonate depending on their type. Examples: benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, peroxyacetic acid.

CLASS 5

OXIDIZERS AND ORGANIC PEROXIDES

CLASS 6 POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES

Division 6.1 - Poisonous Materials

Materials other than gases that are poisonous/presumed poisonous to humans. Includes severely irritating materials.

Examples: “tear gas”, hydrocyanic acid, carbon tetrachloride

Division 6.2 - Infectious Substances

AKA Etiological.

Viable microorganism or its toxin, which can cause disease in humans or animals.

•Includes bacteria, viruses and their toxins.

Human blood and many body fluids must be considered to be infectious. Emergency responders must be trained in universal precautions and infection control.

Examples: anthrax, botulism, tetanus.

CLASS 7 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS

Radioactive materials are materials that emit ionizing radiation with an activity of greater than 0.002 micro curies per gram. If contamination is avoided, exposure stops when you get away from the material.

Time: Dose is directly proportional to duration of exposure.

Distance: Dose is indirectly proportional to the square of the distance from the source.

Shielding: Ionizing radiation is absorbed in varying amounts by materials. The greater mass placed between the source and the responder, the less the exposure.

Further classified as Radioactive I, II and III with III having the highest specific activity. Packaged in either type B or A containers. Both types of containers are designed to withstand impacts and damages of varying magnitudes. Type A packaging is the strongest.

CLASS 8 CORROSIVE MATERIALS

These materials can cause irreversible damage to human tissue. Their fumes or vapors are also very hazardous.

Examples: nitric acid, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda or lye), hydrochloric acid.

Corrosive materials are measured on the pH Scale:

CLASS 9 MISCELLANEOUS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Miscellaneous hazardous materials which:

• Can cause extreme annoyance or discomfort to flight crew members during air transport, or

• Are not classified into one of the other eight categories but are subject to DOT transportation regulations.

Examples: molten sulfur, PCBs (poly chlorinated biphenols), hazardous wastes.

A placard is not required when less than 1000 pounds of a particular hazard class is loaded at one location. Exceptions to this rule include some explosives, high-level radioactive materials, poisonous gases, and flammable solids which are dangerous when wet.

THE 1000 POUND RULE

Pesticide Labels EPA requires the following labeling on pesticide containers:

• Product Name• Active Ingredients• Signal Word – Caution, Warning, Danger


MODEMODE NAMENAME LOCATIONLOCATION NOTESNOTES

HighwayHighway Bill of lading, freight bill or manifest

Cab of vehicle Must be within arms reach of driver and on driver’s seat or door pocket when un-attended.

RailRail Consist List or Waybill

With conductor or engineer

Provides an itemized listing of each car within the train.

WaterWater Dangerous Cargo Manifest

Wheelhouse of vessel or in document tube or box on a barge

AirAir Airbill Cockpit and attached to outside of packages

In the possession of the pilot.

PipelinePipeline Pipeline Markers Where pipeline crosses another mode of transportation

Indicates owner’s name and 24 hour emergency contact information. Note: contents of many pipelines change regularly.

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Employers must maintain MSDS for all hazardous substances, stored, manufactured orused in the workplace. MSDS has 8 basic sections:

Section I – Manufacturer

Manufacturer's Name Emergency Telephone Number

Address (Number, Street, City, State, and ZIP Code)

Telephone Number for Information

Date Prepared

Signature of Preparer (optional)

Section II - Hazardous Ingredients/Identity Information

Hazardous Components (Specific Chemical Identity; Common Name(s) OSHA PEL

ACGIH TLV

Other LimitsRecommended

%(optional)


Boiling Point Specific Gravity (H2O = 1)

Vapor Pressure (mm Hg.) Melting Point

Vapor Density (AIR = 1) Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate = 1)

Solubility in Water

Appearance and Odor

Section III - Physical/Chemical Characteristics

Flash Point (Method Used) Flammable Limits LEL UEL

Extinguishing Media

Special Fire Fighting Procedures

Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards

Section IV - Fire and Explosion Hazard Data

Section V - Reactivity Data

Stability Unstable Conditions to Avoid

Stable

Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid)

Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts

HazardousPolymerization

May Occur Conditions to Avoid

Will Not Occur

Route(s) of Entry: Inhalation? Skin? Ingestion?

Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic)

Carcinogenicity: NTP? IARC Monographs? OSHA Regulated?

Signs and Symptoms of Exposure

Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure

Emergency and First Aid Procedures

Section VI - Health Hazard Data

Section VII - Precautions for Safe Handling and Use

Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Released or Spilled

Waste Disposal Method

Precautions to Be taken in Handling and Storing

Other Precautions

Section VIII - Control Measures

Respiratory Protection (Specify Type)

Ventilation Local Exhaust Special

Mechanical (General) Other

Protective Gloves Eye Protection

Other Protective Clothing or Equipment

Work/Hygienic Practices

A glossary of terms used in the MSDScan be found at:

http://www.ilpi.com/msds/ref/index.html

MSDS TERMINOLOGY

Facility Emergency Response Plans (ERP)

Facilities storing EHS over a certain quantity must prepare an ERP. Identifies materials stored onsite and procedures to follow in an emergency.

Facility Emergency Action Plans (EAP) Identifies emergency procedures. May identify hazardous materials

that are present. Usually calls for employees to evacuate rather than respond to an emergency.

Facility Contingency Plan

Required for large generators of hazardous waste. Must minimize hazards to human health or the environment from fires, explosions, or any unplanned sudden or non-sudden release of hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents to the air, soil, or surface water.

More Facility Documents


1. Container colors:

• Many organizations have established standardized color coding for containers such as the Compressed Gas Association.

• Compliance is not mandatory

• Colors may vary depending on the supplier

• Colors are not uniform statewide

2. UN/NA Identification Number - 4 digit number established by DOT. Found in three locations during transport:

• Shipping papers• On the vehicle placard • Sometimes on the MSDS

UN/NA number can be cross-referenced in the yellow - bordered pages

of the NAERG.

Clue # 5 - Markings and ColorsNFPA 704 Diamond

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed a standardized facility marking system commonly called the “704” system.

The HMIS label

Found on containers of hazardous materials. Similar to the NFPA label for the blue, yellow and reactivity sections, but white area identifies required PPE.

A

B

C

D

E

F

Safety glasses

Safety glasses and gloves

Safety glasses, gloves, protective apron

Face shield, gloves, protective apron

Safety glasses, gloves, dust respirator

Safety glasses, gloves, protective dust respirator

G

H

I

J

K

L

Safety glasses, gloves, vapor respirator

Splash goggles, gloves, protective apron and vapor respirator

Safety glasses, gloves, dust respirator, vapor respirator

Splash goggles, gloves, protective apron dust respirator and vapor respirator

Air line mask or hood, gloves, full suit and boots

Ask your supervisor or safety specialist for help


Health

Flammability

Reactivity

PPE

Military Markings

Familiarize yourself with the specialized hazards you may encounter at military facilities.



Never use touch, taste or smell to identify hazardous materials. High odor thresholds and/or olfactory fatigue can make your sense of smell unreliable. Many hazardous materials do not have an odor.

Odor Threshold - The lowest concentration at which a normal person should be able to smell a material.

Olfactory Fatigue – The ability to detect an odor decreases with continued exposure to the odor.

Low Risk Senses: Sight and Sound

High Risk Senses: Smell, Touch and Taste

Use sight and hearing to detect pressure releases, liquids, gas leaks/vapor clouds, victims and chemical reactions

and/or explosions.


Smoke and Fire

Chemical Reactions

The presence of victims

Vapor clouds

Corrosive actions

With your sight, you can detect from a safe distance:


An explosive release of expanding vapor and boiling liquid following the catastrophic failure of a pressure vessel holding a

liquefied gas such as propane or LPG. A BLEVE is the worst possible outcome when a propane or LPG tank is exposed to fire. BLEVE hazards include fireballs, blast, projectiles and possible

toxic clouds or vapor cloud explosions.

BLEVE

“Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion”

BLEVE

BLEVE warning signs:• Pinging sound from the metal shell

• Discoloration of the container (normally cherry red)

• Flaking of small metal pieces

• Bubble or bulge on the container

• Steam from the tank surface

• Shrill sound from the pressure relief valve

• Especially if increasing with passage of time

• Tear in container surface

Methods of Identification CAS Number

The Chemical Abstract Service registers and assigns known chemical compounds a CAS number. This number is usually found on the MSDS for the product and is of little value to the Awareness Level Responder.

Shipping Papers

Shipping papers list the common name of the hazardous material and the UN/NA ID number. This name or number can be used to find the proper guide page in the DOT ERG. Awareness Level Responders should never place themselves at risk to obtain shipping papers.

MSDS The product name is listed in the first section. Hazardous ingredients may be listed by common name in the “Hazardous Ingredients Section.” There may be multiple hazardous ingredients.

Facility Pre-Plans

If required, the Employer Emergency Response Plan or LEPC Plan identifies materials present at fixed facilities.

Employees/Bystanders

Employees, vehicle drivers and bystanders may be able to identify the product involved.

Operational Decisions

Awareness level responders can make safety decisions without knowing the specific name of a material. Awareness level responders should never allow the lack of the material name to slow their decision making process. The product’s hazard class enables you to make the right decision.

REVIEW

Hazardous Materials – Six Clues

Occupancy and Location

Container Shape and Size

Placards and Labels

Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

Markings and Colors

The Human Senses

1. Six important clues to recognizing hazardous

materials are:

A. Occupancy and Location, Container Shape and Size, Placard and Labels, Shipping Papers and Facility Documents, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.

B. Occupancy and Location, Container Shape and Size, MSDS, Shipping Papers, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.

C. Occupancy and Location, Electronic monitoring equipment, MSDS, Shipping Papers, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.

D. Occupancy and Location, the NAERG, MSDS, Shipping Papers, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.

2. The UN/NA number can be found on:

A. On shipping papers

B. On the placard

C. On the orange rectangular panel

D. All of the above

3. The 1000 Pound Rule means a placard is not required when less than 500 pounds of a particular hazard class is loaded at one location.

A. True

B. False



4. The correct interpretation of this

NFPA placard would be:

A. Severe health hazard, extreme fire hazard, minimal reactivity hazard and water reactive.

B. Moderate health hazard, extreme fire hazard, minimal reactivity hazard and water reactive.

C. Severe health hazard, extreme fire hazard, moderate reactivity hazard and water reactive.

D. None of the above.

5. You can use your sight to detect:

A. Smoke and fire, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, and good weather conditions.

B. Smoke and fire, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, and corrosive actions.

C. Smoke and fire, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, corrosive actions, and unsafe responders.

D. Co-workers, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, corrosive actions, and witnesses.

6. The high risk senses are:

A. Sight, touch and taste.

B. Smell, touch and taste.

C. Hearing, touch and taste

D. Smell, sight and hearing

7. Pressurized containers have rounded ends and are

made of heavy steel.

A. True

B. False

8. Section 2 of the MSDS gives you information concerning hazardous ingredients and chemical identity.

A. True

B. False

9. This placard means:

A. Virtually the entire load could detonate instantaneously if given the proper initiating source.

B. Explosive with a projectile hazard but

not a mass explosion hazard.

C. Contains very small amounts of explosive materials with no projection hazard.

10. This placard means:

A. A flammable gas is present.

B. A flammable liquid is present.

C. A flammable solid is present.

11. In a highway incident involving a tanker truck, shipping papers are generally found in the cab of the truck.

A. True

B. False

12. In a railroad accident, shipping papers can usually be found in the caboose or last car of the train.

A. True

B. False

13. Olfactory Fatigue occurs when the ability to detect an odor decreases with continued exposure to the odor.

A. True

B. False


1. A

2. D

3. B

4. C

5. B

6. B

7. A

8. A

9. A

10. B

11. A

12. B

13. A

This concludes Part 2“Hazard Identification”

Part 3

“Taking Control”

Part 3

“Taking Control”

After completing this section, you will be able to identify actions that protect responders and civilians during hazardous materials incidents such as:

• Actions needed to properly isolate the incident.

• Procedures necessary to activate an Emergency Response Plan.

• Proper protective actions to take in accordance with the NAERG.

The North American Emergency Response Guidebook (NAERG)

U.S. DOT, Transport Canada and the Secretary of Communications & Transport (Mexico) developed the NAERG. It should be carried in every emergency response vehicle in North America. The NAERG is:

Updated every 3 years.

Duplicated and distributed free of charge by US DOT.

Distributed by your county’s Emergency Management office and your Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC).

• Assists responders in making initial decisions at a hazardous materials emergencies.

• Users must know how to use and interpret the information provided.

• Designed for use in transportation emergencies (highway and rail).

• May have some use at fixed facility incidents.

• Instructions are based on the involvement of a single not multiple chemicals.

The North American Emergency Response Guidebook (NAERG)

YellowYellow bordered pages provide an index list of dangerous goods in bordered pages provide an index list of dangerous goods in numerical order by UN/NA ID number.numerical order by UN/NA ID number.

BlueBlue bordered pages contain a list of dangerous goods in alphabetical bordered pages contain a list of dangerous goods in alphabetical order by material name. order by material name. If you know the chemical name, the UN/NA If you know the chemical name, the UN/NA number can be cross-referenced in the blue bordered pages of the number can be cross-referenced in the blue bordered pages of the NAERG.NAERG.

OrangeOrange bordered pages provide safety guidelines.bordered pages provide safety guidelines.

GreenGreen bordered pages provide information on initial isolation and bordered pages provide information on initial isolation and protective action distances, and lists TIH materials including protective action distances, and lists TIH materials including certain chemical warfare agents and water reactive materials certain chemical warfare agents and water reactive materials which produce toxic gases upon contact with water.which produce toxic gases upon contact with water.

Using the NAERG

The NAERG is divided into four basic sections:

TIH materials – liquid or gases so toxic to humans as to pose a hazard to health during transportation

Using the NAERG

To effectively use the NAERG, you must first recognize that you are dealing with a hazardous material. The hazardous material can be identified finding:

Look up the Guide number using one of the following:

The yellow bordered numerical index.

The blue bordered alphabetical index.

• The four digit ID number a placard or orange panel.• The four digit ID number (after UN/NA) on a shipping document or package.• The name of the material on a shipping document or package.

If you cannot identify the material, match the placard or label:

• If you cannot find a name or an ID number, turn to the “Table of Placards” located on pages 16-17 and use the guide page number indicated for the particular placard or DOT label.

NOTE: these placards are also located in Part 2 of the course materials.

Using the NAERG

A “P” next to the guide page in the yellow or blue bordered pages, indicates the material can undergo violent polymerization (heat/explosion).

Using the NAERG

*TIH – a liquid of gas so toxic to humans as to pose a health hazard during transportation.

If the index entry is highlighted, it is a TIH* or a Dangerous Water Reactive material.

“P”

A chemical reaction in which one or more small A chemical reaction in which one or more small molecules combine to form larger molecules. A molecules combine to form larger molecules. A hazardous polymerization takes place at a rate hazardous polymerization takes place at a rate that releases large amounts of energy that can that releases large amounts of energy that can cause fires or explosions or burst containers. cause fires or explosions or burst containers. Materials that can polymerize usually contain Materials that can polymerize usually contain

inhibitors that can delay the reactions.inhibitors that can delay the reactions.

HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION

If you cannot find a chemical name or an ID number, and you believe a hazardous material is involved, turn to Guide Page 111 in the “Guides” section (orange bordered pages) of the NAERG for further help.

Using the NAERG

BASIC PROTECTIVE ACTIONS (YIPP)

Your Approach

* Always approach an incident from upwind and uphill.* If you cannot approach from upwind and uphill, upwind always takes priority. * If you cannot approach from upwind, then stay even further away.* Look for all hazards.* Stay back 500 ft. & use binoculars to identify labeling. Look for all hazards.* Relay hazards and safety information to others.

Isolate the area

Without entering the area:* Keep people away including unprotected responders.* Keep everyone upwind.* Stay out of low-lying areas.

Prevent Direct Contamination

* Avoid direct contact with the product, its gases, vapors and/or smoke from any fire.

Prevent Secondary

Contamination

* Contamination of persons or equipment who come in contact with items or persons who have not been properly decontaminated.

* Never allow anyone or anything to leave the area without proper decontamination. Qualified individuals and properly protected personnel must perform the evaluation.

Review page 6 of your NAERG

Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG

Potential Hazards

Fire/ Explosion Hazards

Pay heed to adjectives such as “Highly” or “Extremely.” Note the bold “P” in the fire and explosion hazard area of guide 119. These materials can polymerize.Note the statement “Containers may explode when heated.”

Health Hazards

Toxic materials can enter the body through:• Inhalation• Skin / eye contact and absorption• Ingestion• Injection

Notification Activate your emergency response plan and summon help. Use the

Emergency contact number on the MSDS or shipping papers and/or

contact CHEMTREC (800-424-9300) for additional information.

Notify the State Warning Point (800) 320-0519 . Advise other responders of:

• Incident conditions• Material(s) involved and amount• Safe approach information• Guide page you are using• Needed resources • Actions being taken

Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG Using the of the NAERG

Public Safety

ProtectiveClothing

The minimum level of protective clothing at hazardous materials emergencies is structural firefighter protective clothing with positive pressure breathing apparatus. Frequently, this protection is not adequate.

Awareness level responders are not provided with chemical protective clothing. Street uniforms DO NOT provide protection against chemical hazards.

The user must be properly trained in the use of chemical protective clothing.

The “guide” page indicates whether firefighter protective clothing will provide limited protection or if specialized chemical protection is required.

EVACUATION

Isolate the immediate area and evacuate or otherwise protect persons downwind or in a radius around the incident. Spill: If this entry is highlighted, you need to consult the green-bordered pages of the NAERG for spill protective distances.

Fire: Fire evacuation distances are always expressed as a radius because of the potential for an explosion or BLEVE.

Protective Action Zones - Two options:

Evacuate if the incident is going to be of long duration, or if there is a potential for massive fire or explosion. Methods include: door to door, Emergency Alert System, loud speakers. Provide evacuation route info & shelter/mass care info if known, & identify and notify a collection point.

Protect in place: If there is no hazard of a massive fire or explosion or it is impractical to evacuate (population density, hospitals) or if evacuation could expose persons to greater hazards.

Small Spill Vs. Large SpillDaytime Vs. Nighttime

Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG of the NAERG

Public Safety

Fire If a fire involves a haz-mat, the fire is a hazardous material incident.

Only properly trained and protected persons should attempt to fight a fire that directly involves hazardous materials.Operation level personnel can provide defensive fire attack if they have the necessary protection and training.

Technician level personnel must conduct offensive fire attack.

Awareness level responders should not attempt to fight a hazardous materials fire.

Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG of t

Emergency Response

Spill or Leak

Operational level personnel can perform spill control if they are properly protected and avoid direct contact with the product.

Technician level responders perform leak control.

Operational level responders can activate remote shut-offs.

Personnel engaging in these activities must be properly trained and protected.

First Aid This section of the NAERG outlines the basic first aid principles for victims of exposure.

Awareness level responders should not come in direct contact with persons who present a significant risk of secondary contamination.

Contaminated, conscious victims should be encouraged to move to an isolated area and await medical assistance by persons with proper training and protection.

If victims are unconscious as a result of exposure to the hazardous materials, rescue by untrained and unprotected personnel should not be attempted.

Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG of t

Emergency Response

If the chemical is shaded in the yellow or blue pages, look for the ID number and chemical name in the “Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances” (green bordered pages) and begin IMMEDIATE protective actions.

Using the NAERG

Incident Control Zones

Decontamination

Incident

HOT WARM

Entry Corridor

COLD

Wind

Command area,

Support functions

SafeRefuge

Hot Zone Work area where chemical hazards existSeparate with red barrier tapeDo not enter w/o appropriate PPE

Warm Zone Work site area where decontamination occursSeparate with red barrier tapeSemi-contaminated areaDo not enter w/o appropriate PPE

Cold Zone Separate with yellow barrier tapeNo chemical PPE required

Establish work zones:

Isolate and Restrict Access to

Incident Scene

Consider:

• Roadblocks and traffic re-routing

• Perimeter control

• Personnel accountability system

• Shelter in-place Shelter in-place

• Short duration incidentsShort duration incidents• Greater hazard to attempt to moveGreater hazard to attempt to move• Impractical to evacuateImpractical to evacuate

• EvacuationEvacuation

– Potential for massive fire or explosionPotential for massive fire or explosion– Long duration incidentsLong duration incidents

Protective Action OptionsProtective Action OptionsProtective Action OptionsProtective Action Options

Review page 298 of your NAERG

• Seek shelter inside a buildingSeek shelter inside a building• Turn off HVACTurn off HVAC• Close all windows and doorsClose all windows and doors• Seal all openingsSeal all openings• Stay inside until notified to leaveStay inside until notified to leave

Initiate ICS to identify those authorized to enter the sceneInitiate ICS to identify those authorized to enter the scene• Senior response official/Qualified response official implements ICSSenior response official/Qualified response official implements ICS• Review ICS specified in ERP & SOGsReview ICS specified in ERP & SOGs• Must appoint safety officerMust appoint safety officer

• NIMS and HAZWOPER require ICSNIMS and HAZWOPER require ICS

• To be IC requires minimum of Operations Level and IC training. Fire Chief,To be IC requires minimum of Operations Level and IC training. Fire Chief, Police officer or county EM may not have the required training.Police officer or county EM may not have the required training.

Evaluate priorities for incident, life, property, environment (LIPE)Evaluate priorities for incident, life, property, environment (LIPE)

Incident Command System (ICS)Incident Command System (ICS)

LIFE:LIFE: Health & well- Health & well-being, acute & being, acute & chronic health chronic health hazardshazards

INCIDENT:INCIDENT: Establish Establish ICS, hazard zones & ICS, hazard zones & take proper protective take proper protective actionsactions

PROPERTY:PROPERTY: Immediate Immediate destruction, fire, explosion, destruction, fire, explosion, long term contaminationlong term contamination

ENVIRONMENT:ENVIRONMENT: Air, water, Air, water, land pollution, death/injury land pollution, death/injury to wildlifeto wildlife

Weapons of Mass Destruction

• C- Chemical

• B- Biological

• R- Radiological

• N- Nuclear

• E- Explosives

Terrorist Activity – Target Locations

• Public assembly areas and mass transit systems, i.e. subways, Public assembly areas and mass transit systems, i.e. subways, busesbuses

• Government buildings and historic or symbolic sitesGovernment buildings and historic or symbolic sites

• Areas of significant economic impact, i.e. regional shopping Areas of significant economic impact, i.e. regional shopping centerscenters

• Religious or controversial organizationsReligious or controversial organizations

• Industrial and military facilitiesIndustrial and military facilities

• First Responders may intentionally be targeted to increase the First Responders may intentionally be targeted to increase the impact of the attack.impact of the attack.

Targets in Our Area

Nuclear Power PlantsNuclear Power Plants

Military BasesMilitary Bases

Theme ParksTheme Parks NASANASA

• Rapid on-set of medical signs and symptoms

• Dead animals and insects

• Chemical Residue

• Unusual odors and/or residue

• Discolored trees or foliage

• Skin, eye and/or airway irritation

• Indications of a hazmat release – e.g. plume or cloud

A Chemical Release – Important Clues:

TERRORISM

• Gradual on-set of medical signs & symptoms

• No obvious odor and/or residue

• Hospitals are reporting mass casualties with the same signs and symptoms

• Widespread migration of illness

• Infected individuals transmitting to others

TERRORISM

A Biological Release – Important Clues:

Review pages 354 - 356 of your NAERG

Specific Actions for Suspected Specific Actions for Suspected Terrorist IncidentsTerrorist Incidents

If a terrorism or other criminal activity is suspected, consider all of the following

• Take self protective actions

• Be alert to secondary devices

• Communicate suspicions during the notification process

• Establish work control zones and access control points

• Document the initial observations

• Attempt to preserve evidence

REVIEW

The NAERG Guidebook contains:

• Guidelines for initial safety and protection actions.• Basic response instructions.• A numerical and an alphabetical index.• Guide pages that can be selected by using the:

• 4 digit UN/NA ID number• The Material name• A Placard comparison

YellowYellow bordered pages provide an index list of dangerous goods in numerical order by UN/NA ID number.

BlueBlue bordered pages contain a list of dangerous goods in alphabetical order by material name.

OrangeOrange bordered pages provide safety guidelines.

GreenGreen bordered pages provide information on initial isolation and protective action distances.



1. The NAERG:

A. Was developed by U.S. DOT, Transport Asia and the

Secretary of Communications & Transport (Mexico).

B. Should be carried in every emergency response vehicle in

North America.

C. Is duplicated and distributed for a small fee by US DOT.

D. Assists responders in making initial decisions at a

hazardous materials emergency.

E. B and D

2. In the NAERG, the green bordered pages contain:

A. The “Table of initial isolation and Protective Action

Distances.”

B. An alphabetical listing of hazardous materials.

C. The emergency response “Guides.”

D. A list of DOT placards.

3. In the NAERG, the blue bordered pages contain:


Distances.”


C. The emergency response “Guides.”


4. In the NAERG, the yellow bordered pages contain:


Distances.”

B. The emergency response “Guides.”

C. An listing of hazardous materials by UN/NA ID #.


7. Street uniforms provide fairly good protection

against chemical hazards.

A. True

B. False

8. The minimum level of protective clothing at hazardous materials emergencies is structural firefighter protective clothing with a positive pressure breathing apparatus.

A. True

B. False

5. In the NAERG, the orange bordered pages

contain:


Distances.”


C. Safety Guidelines


6. If you know the chemical name, the UN/NA number can be cross-referenced in the blue bordered pages of the NAERG:

A. True

B. False


1. E

2. B

3. B

4. C

5. C

6. A

7. B

8. A

This concludes Part 3“Taking Control”

Please take a few minutes to review the information covered in this unit.

Part 4

“Termination”

Part 4

“Termination”

After completing this section, you should be able to identify:

• Three actions to take when terminating an incident.

• Information to gather during an incident debriefing.

Termination Procedures

Are required by OSHA

• to identify operational weaknesses and to improve response and safety

Conveys important information to the emergency responders

Insures exposures are documented

Insures improvements in future responses

Relays important information to responders concerning:

• Hazardous material exposure(s).

• Signs and symptoms of over-exposure.

• Who to contact if symptoms of over exposure are experienced.

T The responder must immediately seek medical attention if an exposure over the PEL has occurred.

On-Scene Debriefing Process

Incident Critique An incident critique should:

• occur immediately after the incident. • involve all responders. • reinforce the strong points.• expose any weaknesses.• identify any needed corrective actions.

After action analysis:

• an administrative function.• implementation schedule for corrective actions is developed. • Method for tracking implementation and effectiveness of changes is developed.

1. The following statement(s) are true regarding

termination procedures:

A. Are required by OSHA.

B. Convey important information to accident victims

C. Insure improvements in future responses

D. A and C

2. A Hazard Communication briefing is held after

every incident and responder(s) are advised about:

A. Hazardous material(s) exposures.

B. Signs and symptoms of over exposure.

C. Procedures to follow if signs and symptoms occur.


3. The following statement(s) are true regarding an incident critique:

A. It should occur within two weeks after the incident.

B. It should reinforce the strong and weak points.

C. It should involve only operational level responders.

D. It should identify any needed corrective actions.

E. B and D

4. The after incident analysis identifies:

A. Operational strong points.

B. Operational weaknesses.

C. Methods for correcting weaknesses





1. D

2. D

3. E

4. D

This concludes Part 4“Termination”

Please take a few minutes to review the information covered in this unit.

FINAL EXAM

To complete this training course and receive your certificate of completion, you must take and pass a proctored exam. A schedule of exam dates, times and locations is listed below:

Date Time Location

Please contact Sherry Starling at (850) 595-8910 x 247 or [email protected] register for an exam.

Hazardous Materials Awareness Level Annual Refresher Program.

Documents

Transcript of Hazardous Materials Awareness Level Annual Refresher Program.