Harvard Presentation April 4 2009 Final
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Transcript of Harvard Presentation April 4 2009 Final
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Clean Water Technology in Developing Countries
Source: Sean Clauson., 2007
Jean Pierre NshimyimanaCandidate Master’s of Science, Civil & Environmental Engineering, MIT
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Source: www.africaguide.com Global Land Cover Facility,2003, DFGFI 2007
Rwanda
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Rwanda
Source : http://ww.moh.gov.rw , IDHS 2007/2008 & UNDP-2007, http://www.undp.org.rw/MDGs-NOV2007.pdf
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Source: Prüss-Üstün, A., Bos R., Gore F., and Bartram, J., (2008).
The Problem, My Focus
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Kiziba Refugee Camp
Sources: •Nshizirungu F., Assessment of hygiene and sanitation in Kiziba Refugee Camp, KHI/ Kigali, 2005, http://www.arc.org.rw/kib3.jpg& •www.arc.org.rw/kib2.jpg
1. Founded 1996
2. 20,000 people from DRC
3. 30% skin diseases 4. 67% diarrhea cases
Interventions:
1. Wastewater treatment design
2. Community behavior change
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Sources: Global Land Cover Facility, 2003, Bisate Health Center Report, 2008.
1. Founded 1971
2. 17,400 people served
3. No clean water until 2007
4. 2nd source of morbidity: diarrhea
Interventions:
1. Rainwater harvesting system:
1. 41,350 Liters 2. Cost $10,000
2. Health care waste management
3. Toilets combined with biogas system (in collaboration with Dartmouth University students)
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Bisate Community Cistern
1. Nearly 3,000 people served
2. Capacity: 25,000 Liters
3. Total cost: $10,000
4. Management and maintenance by local community committees
5. Maintenance cost: $250 per Year
6. Contribution: 200FRW = $0.50 per year per family
7. Contributors: 1,000 families ; $500 total
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Challenges Challenges
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Suggested Approach
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Technology Needed
Example: Current Household Cistern
Filter to improve water quality
Cover for safe storage
Pump for safe access
Source: Cresti Daria 2007
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A Feasible Design
Source: Cresti Daria 2007
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Examples
Source: Rollins Chris http://www.solvatten.se/SOLVATTEN/Start.html
Sand Filter (Stored water)
Solar Disinfection Ceramic Siphon filter (point of use)
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Many Problems, but also Progress
Source: Sean Clauson 2007
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THANKS!