Harmonics & Flicker Testing - emitec industrial...2017/05/16 · Flicker emission –IEC 61000-3-3...

CONDUCTED RF EQUIPMENT POWER AMPLIFIERS

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Harmonics & Flicker Testing

Daniel Spira – Product Manager

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Introduction

Who has to test – and why ?

Harmonics emission – IEC 61000-3-2

Flicker emission – IEC 61000-3-3

Outlook – which changes are ahead?

Agenda

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Introduction





Agenda

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> Harmonics phenomenon

Introduction

DC rectifier :

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> Flicker phenomenon

Introduction

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Introduction





Agenda

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> CE conformity - EU EMC Directive 2014/30/EU

Who has to test ?

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Replaces EMC Directive 2004/108/EU

Has to be implemented into national legislation until 19.04.2016 –

new Conformity Declarations referring to obsolete references INVALID

Basic requirements remain unchanged, but : - Stricter requirements about documentation and available information

- Stricter requirements about marking and verification

- Special provisions for stationery systems

NEW: Besides manufacturer and importer, retailer have also responsibilities

Clause 42 defines now penalties for violations of the Directive; the penalties shall

be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.

Who has to test ?

> CE conformity - EU EMC Directive 2014/30/EU

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Source : Die neue EMV-Richtlinie 2014/30/EU, Manfred Brunner, 2015

Who has to test ?

> CE conformity - EU EMC Directive 2014/30/EURetailer Importer Factory

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Introduction





Agenda


> IEC 61000-3-2 : Limits for harmonic current emissions

Harmonic current emissions test

IEC 61000-3-2


> Definition - Harmonics

IEC 61000-3-2

Harmonics are sinusoidal voltages or currents having frequencies that are whole multiples of the frequency at which the supply system is designed to operate (e.g. 50Hz or 60 Hz).

A 250 Hz sine-wave signal, superposed onto the fundamental mains frequency, will be designate as the 5th harmonic or as the harmonic of 5th order (5 x 50 Hz).


90 180

270 360

U,I

IZn

R

U

I

In a linear system (e.g. a circuit, with ideal resistors, capacitors and/or inductors), the characteristics of the voltage and the current are manifested by a sinusoidal progress. The current contain only one frequency, the mains frequency or the so called fundamental. Beside this 50 Hz component there are no other frequencies and therefore there are no harmonic components.

> Linear System

IEC 61000-3-2


Time domain Spectrum or frequency domain

Example DC rectifier :

> Sources of voltage & current harmonics

IEC 61000-3-2

voltage & current flow into the capacitor


The Fourier transformation converts a time function into a frequency function.

Any periodic or non periodic waveform can be resolved into truly sinusoidal

components (the fundamental frequency and the associated harmonics higher

order thereof).

Decomposition of a waveform in the time domain into sine-wave signals higher order (harmonics)

-

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

> Fourier Transformation

IEC 61000-3-2

Frequency spectrum


Switched mode power supplies

Dimmer‘s

Current Regulators

Low power consumption lamps

Frequency Converters

Voltage source inverters with pulse width modulated converters

Electrical arc-furnaces, Arc welding machines

Induction motors with irregular magnetizing current associated

with saturation of the iron

Computer & TV equipment

NEW : High pressure cleaner, refridgerators & freezers (cf. Annex C)

All equipment‘s with built-in switching devices as also /or

with internal loads with non-linear voltage/current characteristics.

> Potential Sources of Harmonics

IEC 61000-3-2


Harmonics emissions are generated by devices which do not have a linear

current / voltage characteristic.

Harmonics are a "by-product" of modern electronics.

Devices equipped with electronics have one thing in common:

They draw currents that deviate from the ideal sinusoidal shape.

When connecting reactive loads and cable capacitances, resonances and other

disturbances can occur as a direct consequence of the harmonics in the supply

network. These can also be observed far away from the problem source.

ZI

dU

> Potential Sources of Harmonics

IEC 61000-3-2


Distortion of main supply voltage, unwanted currents flowing in the supply

network generate additional energy losses,

Defective operation of regulating devices, disturbed discharge lamps, TVs or

other equipment's,

Malfunction of ripple control and other mains signaling systems, protective relays

and, possibly, other means of control,

Additional losses in capacitors and rotating machines,

Additional acoustic noise from motors and other apparatus, reducing the

efficiency on special motors,

Telephone interference,

High amplitudes of harmonics may not only cause malfunctions, additional

losses and overheating, but also overload the network and as consequence

thermal effects, on special the neutral conductor as consequence of the

summation of all harmonics is subject to burn out.

> Problems caused by Harmonics

IEC 61000-3-2


Spectrum

The distortion of mains supply voltage can be limited by reducing the current

harmonic content delivered by the connected equipment.

Main purpose is …

to limit the distortion created by equipment connected to the mains supply !

> Why to measure Mains Harmonics?

IEC 61000-3-2

Time domain


Power electronics is indispensable, but "annoying"; This interference emission must be limited.

Devices and systems must comply to EMC rules, ie. they must neither disturb others nor lose their functionality under interfering influences.

International standards are a practicable compromise in order to establish reference levels for the coordination of emission and immunity in the interests of electromagnetic compatibility.

A low power factor only strains the network and the supply lines and resultsin a low share of useful energy.

> Principles of establishing Emission limits

IEC 61000-3-2


Applicability

This standard is basically applicable to all electrical and electronic equipment having an input current up to and including 16 A per phase, and intended to be connected to public low-voltage network.

Exceptions:

= Equipment with a rated power of 75 W or less, other than lighting equipment

= Professional equipment with a total rated power greater than 1 kW

= Symmetrically controlled heating elements with a rated powerless than or equal to 200W

= Independent dimmers for incandescent lamps with a rated power less than or equal to 1 kW

> Application of IEC 61000-3-2

IEC 61000-3-2


Class A: - Balanced three-phase equipment;- Household appliances excluding equipment identified as Class D;- Tools excluding portable tools;- Dimmers for incandescent lamps;- Audio equipment;- Equipment not specified in Classes B, C or D

Class B: -Portable tools- arc welding equipment which is not professional equipment

Class C: - Lighting equipment.

Class D: Equipment having a specified power < 600W of the following types: - PCs and PC monitors , - TVs ,- NEW : Refrigerators and freezers mit VSD controlled

compressor motor(s) (VSD = „variable-speed drive“).

> Equipment Classification

IEC 61000-3-2


> Limits Class A and B – Table 1

Class A

Odd harmonics

n3579

1113

15 - 39

Even harmonics

n246

8 n 40

Max. current

A2,3

1,140,770,400,330,21

0,15 * 15/n

Max. current

A1,080,430,30

0,23 * 8/n

Class B

1,5 * Klasse A


> Limits Class C and D – Tables 2 & 3

IEC 61000-3-2

Class C Class D

Harmonic

n23579

11 n 39

Harmonic

n3579

1113 - 39

Max. % of current

%A2

30 * Power Factor10753

Max. mA/W

mA/W3,41,91,00,5

0,353,85/n

Current: input current at the fundamental frequency Power: max measured value of all 1,5 s smoothed

active input power in each DFT time window


Active input power > 25 W

> General rule

Harmonic currents shall not exceed the relative limits given in Table 2 (Class C)

> Incandescent lighting with builtin dimmers / dimmers built in an enclosure

Limits in Table 1 applies (Class A limits)

> Discharge lighting with built-in dimmers / dimmers built in an enclosure

The harmonic current values for the maximum load condition derived from the percentage limits given in Table 2 shall not be exceeded

In any dimming position, the harmonic current shall not exceed the value of current allowed in the maximum load condition

The equipment shall be tested according to the conditions given in Clause C.5

> Emission limits for Class C (lighting equipment)

IEC 61000-3-2


Active input power ≤ 25 W

> Discharge lighting equipment has to comply with one of two sets of limits :

a) Power-related limits

The harmonic currents shall not exceed the limits of Table 3, column 2


IEC 61000-3-2


b) Harmonic current, expressed as a percentage of the fundamental current

3rd order : max 86%

5th order : max 61%

Curve shape I: before 60° begins to flow (5% threshold)

before 65° is the last current peak

before 90° current stops to flow (5% threshold)

Zero crossing of the fundamental supply voltage is assumed to be at 0°.


IEC 61000-3-2


Beispiel: Der selbe EUT wie auf voriger Seite erfüllt nun die Anforderungen


IEC 61000-3-2

b) Harmonic current, expressed as a percentage of the fundamental current

3rd order : max 86%

5th order : max 61%

Curve shape I: before 60° begins to flow (5% threshold)

before 65° is the last current peak

before 90° current stops to flow (5% threshold)

Zero crossing of the fundamental supply voltage is assumed to be at 0°.


IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Consolidated edition (2001-10)

IEC/EN 61000-3-2 (2000-12 (A14))

IEC/EN 61000-4-7 Ed.2.1 2009 (Ed. 1 v. 1991-08) + (Ed. 2 A1 von 2002.08)

General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements

and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto

IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Ed.4 2014-05 Limits for harmonic current emissions

(equipment input current up to and including 16 A per phase (single & 3 phase)).

IEC 1000-3-2 (1995-03) + (am1 + am2 1998-04)

> Standards status

IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Ed. 3 2005 und (A1: 2008, A2:2009)

IEC 61000-3-2


> Measurement equipment according to IEC 61000-4-7

IEC 61000-3-2


Measurement procedure:

The 1,5 sec smoothing filter (low pass 1st order) is applied for all observation periods.

The arithmetic average of the measured individual harmonic currents from the DFT time windows is calculated over the entire observation period.

Response 1,5s low pass filter

> Test procedure

IEC 61000-3-2


For harmonic measurement a rectangular window of 10 (50 Hz) or 12 (60 Hz) periods has to be used.

Measuring Window

> IEC 61000-4-7 : 2009

IEC 61000-3-2

Rectangular window with 10 (12) cycles of the fundamental is mandatory.

Tw = 200 msNo gap and no overlapping between successive measuring windows are allowed!

t

I

Tw

mm-1 m+1

m-1, m, m+1 number of windows Tw : Window width


I peak

Definition crest factor :I RMS

In the event of a load change, it may happen that a EUT temporarily needs more peak current. A source with a sufficiently rated crest factor ensures that no saturation occurs during such operations. Saturation phenomena at the source used, lead to incorrect measurements and are not permitted according to the standard!

Crest factor Measuring deviceAccording to IEC 61000-4-7 Ed. 2 each measuring input must withstand - at least 1,2 * In for continuous and - for short-time (1s) 10 * In .Measuring range Crest Factor : up to 5A - Crest Factor 4;

up to 10A - Crest Factor 3.5; up to 20A - Crest Factor 2.5.

> Product characteristic Power source / Measurement

IEC 61000-3-2


Application of limits :

Only the arithmetic average has to comply to the below limits

The values measured in the DFT time windows and smoothed through the low pass filter shall comply to one of conditions below:- max. 150 % over the applicable limits, OR- max. 200% over the applicable limits if all three conditions apply :

- the EUT belongs to Class A- values > 150% during less than 10% of Tobs, in total max. 10 min (smaller applies)- average value during Tobs is < 90% of the applicable limits.

Harmonic currents < 0,6 % of the Iinput measured under the test conditions, or < 5 mA, whichever is greater, are disregarded. [0.6% of 833 mA = 5 mA ]

For the 21st and higher odd order harmonics, relaxed limits apply

> Test procedure

IEC 61000-3-2


Class Dmax. Power [W]

Class Cmax. fundamental current [A]

max. power factor

Class C and DThe following values are used for establishing limits when limits are specified:

AMETEK CTS Test-Software uses the input values tocompute the harmonic limits provided the difference tothe measured max. values are within 10%. Is thedeviation larger, then the software uses automatically themeasured max. values to compute the limits. That’s whyduring Class C and D measurements, the limits are not shown before the end.

> Test procedure

IEC 61000-3-2


> Test procedure - flow diagram

No

IEC 61000-3-2


Simplified test method

Requirements for a simplified test

Previously tested products, which subsequently undergo minor changes or updates.

Goal: avoid unnecessary testing costs, especially for the fast moving IT market

Check during the previous standard test:

- Current emission : < 60% of each harmonic current limit

- THD of current: < 15%

- Documentation oft the EUT active input power

Simplified test method for modified equipment:

- Input power : within ± 20%, of the originally tested product.

- THD of current < 15%

Products that fulfil these requirements are deemed to comply with the applicable limits, but in

case of doubt the result of a full compliance test takes precedence over this simplified method..

> Changes introduced with Ed. 3 – Amendment 2 (2009)

IEC 61000-3-2


Clarification of the term «lighting equipement»

Excluded are „household appliances whose primary function is not for generating and/or regulating and/or distributing optical radiation but which contain one or more lamps with or without separate switch (e.g. a range hood with a built-in lamp)“

Definition of the term „variable speed drive “ (VSD)

„equipment, based on power electronics, which enables the speed and/or torque of a motor to be continuously controlled “

Extension of Class D

Newly added to Class D were refrigerators and freezers with VSD controlled compressor motors

> Changes between Ed. 3.2 (2009) to the latest Ed.4 (2014)

IEC 61000-3-2


Annex C (normative) – Type test conditionsC.7 Vacuum cleaners

[…]

Vacuum cleaners with electronic control shall be tested in three modes of operation, each for

an identical time interval that is at least 2 min long, with the control adjusted:

to maximum input power,

to 50 % ± 5 % of the maximum active input power, or, if that is not possible (e.g. controlled

in steps), to the point closest to 50 % that is supported by the equipment design,

and to minimum input power.

These three time intervals need not be consecutive, but the application of limits according to

6.2.3.4 is done as if the intervals were consecutive. In that case, the entire test observation

period is made up of the three identical time intervals, without taking into account harmonic

current values outside these three intervals..

[…]

IEC 61000-3-2



Annex C (normative) – Type test conditionsC.14 Arc welding equipment (none professional)

Revised test conditions; new distinction now according to welding process

C.15 High pressure cleaners (none professional)

- The high pressure cleaner is adjusted according to normal operation as defined

in IEC 60335-2-79 except for the electronic power control.

- High pressure cleaners with electronic power control shall be tested in three modes of

operation (max., 50%, min. of input power) see vacuum cleaners Annex C.7

IEC 61000-3-2



Annex C (normative) – Type test conditionsC.16 Refrigerators and freezers

- Refrigerators and freezers shall be tested with an empty cabinet. The

temperature control shall be adjusted to the lowest setting. The measurement

shall be started after the internal temperature has been stabilised.

C.16.2 Refrigerators and freezers with VSD

- Tobs = 1 h

- A few seconds after starting the measurement, all doors and further internal

compartments shall be fully opened for 60 s and then closed again and kept closed for

the rest of the observation period..

- Input power calculation : Pi = 0.78 x Im x Ur (IEC 60335-2-24, 10.2)

Used for the calculation of harmonics limits, deviating from Clause 6.2.2 (±10% rule)

C.16.3 Refrigerators and freezers without VSD

- Tested according to Class A limits in a representative 2,5 min observation period

IEC 61000-3-2



> net.control – IEC 61000-3-2 Ed.4.0 – Annex C16.2

IEC Testing



IEC Testing


Introduction





Agenda


> IEC 61000-3-3 : Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker

Flicker emissions test

IEC 61000-3-3


> Flicker phenomenon

Introduction


> Phenomenon & Definition

IEC 61000-3-3

Voltage fluctuations caused by varying load currents may also influence luminance or

spectral distribution of lightning systems.

The impression of unsteadies of visual sensation induced by this light stimulus is called flicker.

Whereby the limits on the voltage fluctuations are based on the equivalent levels of light flicker

in a 60 W incandescent bulb which is perceived as disturbing.

Flicker curve of equal severity


> Phenomenon & Definition

IEC 61000-3-3


Start Procedure of Motors

Motors with turbulent running

Soldering Machines

Arc Welding Ovens

Load Control by Voltage or Frequency Switching

Cooking fields and ovens

Wash machines, tumblers, refridgerators

Laser printer, vacuum cleaner, hair driers, TVs, Audio, …

Boiler, Air conditioners, …

In general all other Loads with changing current consumption characteristic

> Potential Source of Voltage Fluctuations

IEC 61000-3-3

http://www.google.ch/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCJWhzJ6khMkCFUYlDwodF7QE_w&url=http://www.vaht.co.uk/?attachment_id%3D6128&bvm=bv.106923889,d.bGQ&psig=AFQjCNH6T3vpDAUB9V9Be4XcS9HbFE-C9A&ust=1447190861320500

http://www.google.ch/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCJuNkbSjhMkCFcebDgodEi4OnA&url=http://www.kochtechnik.de/Oranier/Kochfeld-autark/KFTC-9965-TC&bvm=bv.106923889,d.bGQ&psig=AFQjCNEA2y0dRXLLWtl4XU7mm6UWCeUAlQ&ust=1447190614875103

http://www.google.ch/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCLve6s-jhMkCFQeqDgodMpID0g&url=http://waschmaschinen-infos.eu/&bvm=bv.106923889,d.bGQ&psig=AFQjCNE2uBCQJV4Brs5hQcVD747eNTlF4w&ust=1447190700043408

http://www.google.ch/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCO-OmeCjhMkCFQVGDwodBxMODg&url=http://www.gravis.de/Zubehoer/Drucker-und-Scanner/Samsung-SCX-4623F-All-In-One-S-W-Laserdrucker-USB.html&bvm=bv.106923889,d.bGQ&psig=AFQjCNEbfsutz3bq9YgbJTYxAwlEPOWGOg&ust=1447190729066174


Main purpose is to limit the variations in voltage caused by equipment

connected to the power supply network !

Variation in load current will result in varying voltage across the net impedance !

A 2% variation in RMS voltage will result in a 4% fluctuation of light luminance of a normal incandescent bulb. This is recognized by naked eye and depending on repetition rate, it can be a very disturbing effect.

> Why measure Flicker or Voltage Fluctuations?

IEC 61000-3-3


IEC/EN 61000-3-3 : Ed. 3.0 (2013 -05) Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in

public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated

current <= 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection..

IEC/EN 61000-3-3 : Ed. 2 (2008 -07)

IEC/EN 61000-4-15 : Ed.2 (2010-08)Testing and measurement techniques - Flickermeter –

Functional and design specifications

IEC/EN 61000-4-15 : am1 Ed. 1.1 (2003-02)

IEC 60725 Ed.3 (2012-06)Reference Impedance for flicker measurement ≤75 A per phase

> Standards status

IEC 61000-3-3


IEC TS 61000-3-5 Limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker in low-voltage

power supply systems for equipment with rated current

greater than 75 A (2009)

IEC 61000-3-11 Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations

andflicker in public low-voltage supply systems –

Equipment with a rated current <= 75 A and subject to

conditional connection. (Ed. 1: 2000 ; Ed. 2 CDV)

> … further related standards

IEC TR 61000-3-15 Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunity

and emission requirements for dispersed generation

systems in LV network (2011)

IEC 61000-3-3


Standard Impedance 1 phase system as per IEC/EN 60725

RA = 0,4 ; jXA = 0,25 at 50Hz

> Flicker set-up requirements – 1 PH Systems

IEC 61000-3-3


Very stable and accurate AC source with well known source impedance

U = + 2%; f = + 0,5%; THD < 3%

Standard impedance

RA = 0,24 ; jXA = 0,15 at 50Hz

RN = 0,16 ; jXN = 0,10 at 50Hz

Accuracy impedance = + 3%

Accuracy measuring = + 8%

> Flicker set-up requirements – 3 PH Systems

IEC 61000-3-3


The functional chain what voltage change, flicker sensation, perception and

valuation concerns (lamp-eye-brain chain), comprise the mock-up of:

physics of the incandescent bulb

physiological system lamp-eye-brain

psycho-social system of perception and valuation of the disturbance

> Functional diagram of IEC flickermeter

IEC 61000-3-3


Short Term Flicker severity Pst

– Limit for Pst = 1.0

– Observation time for Pst Tp = 10 min

Long Term Flicker severity Plt

– (Plt is computed out of successive Pst values)

– Limit for Plt = 0.65

– Observation time for Plt Tp = 2 hours (12 x 10 min)

n

PLT = 3

1/n a PST,i3

i = 1

The long term observation period for the Plt measurement can be chosen between two hours and seven days.

According to IEC 61000-3-3 the long term observation period last two hours, consisting of 12 successive Pst – intervals of 10 min each.

> Main Flicker Parameters and Limits thereof

IEC 61000-3-3


EUT (equipment under test):The observation period shall include that part of the whole operation cycle in which the equipment under test produces the most unfavorable sequences of voltage changes.

Test setup:Requires excellent power source with low distortion, excellent accuracy and stability what voltage and frequency concerns.

The source Pst value shall be < 0.4.

Lumped artificial impedance as per IEC/EN 60725

Maximum total measurement uncertainty <± 8 %

As per IEC/EN 61000-4-15 a minimum accuracy performance of 5 % is specifiedfor the analyzer which requires at least 16 Bit resolution in amplitude.

> Test conditions for the Flicker measurement

IEC 61000-3-3


NSG1007-x Power Source

INA215x Reference Impedance

CCN1000-x Signal

ConditionerEUT

3-Phase

AC INA

BCN

A

BCN

A

BCN

Measurement Signal IEC61000-3-x

PC

DAQ-Card

INA2110 / INA2113

Profline Software

WIN2110 / 2145

WIN2100V3 / 2106

> Flicker measurement setup example

IEC 61000-3-3


EN/IEC 61000-3-3Max. allowed voltage variation d in function of number ofvariations per minute ;d : (dV/V in %)r : 1/min

Flicker is fundamentally a physiological phenomenon and is modeled to account for

the overall response characteristics of the lamp-eye-brain system. Flicker is more

tolerable if it occurs infrequently over short intervals. Tolerance decreases in the

presence of increasing level intensity, event frequency, or event duration.

> CENELEC – Flicker curve

IEC 61000-3-3


dc: 3,3 % Relative steady state change between two Steady-State-values.

dmax : 4% Maximum relative voltage change

dt: > 3,3% für 500ms rel. voltage change characteristic, where the voltage is > 3,3 %.

> Voltage variations – additional parameters and limits

IEC 61000-3-3

relativevoltage

Steady state value 1

dmax

dc

Limit Steady state value 2


> Flicker measurement : EM Test – net.control

IEC 61000-3-3



IEC 61000-3-3


Pst value shall not be greater than 1.0;

Plt value shall not be greater than 0.65;

d(t) value of d(t) during a voltage change shall not exceed 3.3%

for more than 500ms.;

dc the relative steady-state voltage change dc, shall not exceed 3.3%..

the maximum relative voltage change , dmax, shall not exceed: :

a) 4% without additional conditions.

b) 6% for equipment with automatic switching more frequently than twice per day and has

a delayed restart (the delay being not less than a few tens of seconds) or manual restart

after a power supply interruption.

c) 7% for equipment which

- is attended whilst in use (For example: hair dryers, vacuum cleaners ....) or

- is switched on automatically or is intended to be switched on manually no more than twice per

day and has a delayed restart (the delay being not less than a few tens of seconds)

or manual restart after a power supply interruption.

In the case of equipment incorporating multiple loads, the b) and c) limits shall be applicable only to delayed

loads; for all loads which are energized immediately on restoration of supply after a power supply interruption the

limits given in a) shall be applied.

Limits since: 2004-05-01

3.3%

> Changes since IEC 61000-3-3 Amend. 1 (2001)

IEC 61000-3-3


Manual switching :

For voltage changes caused by manual switching, equipment is deemed to comply

without further testing if the maximum r.m.s. input current (including inrush

current) evaluated over each 10 ms half-period between zero-crossings does not

exceed 20 A, and the supply current after inrush is within a variation band of 1,5 A.

Conditional connection :

Equipment which does not comply with the limits of IEC 61000-3-3 when tested

with the reference impedance Zref (clause 6.4), and which therefore cannot be

declared compliant with this part, may be retested or evaluated to show conformity

with IEC 61000-3-11. Part 3-11 is applicable to equipment with rated input current

≤ 75 A per phase and subject to conditional connection.


IEC 61000-3-3


New Annex B (normative): Manual switching

Test conditions for measuring dmax voltage changes caused by manual switching

a) 24 measurements of inrush current data shall be carried out as follow:- start a measurement,

- switch on the EUT (to create a voltage change),

- let the EUT operate as long as possible under normal operating conditions during a measuring time interval of one minute,

- switch off the EUT before the end of the 1 minute interval and make sure that all moving parts inside the EUT come to standstill before the next measuring interval is started,

- start the next measurement.

b) Calculation of arithmetical average

The final test result shall be calculated as follows:Delete the highest and lowest result and take thearithmetical average of the remaining 22 values.

3.3%


IEC 61000-3-3


> Changes since IEC 61000-3-3 Ed. 3 (2013)

New definiton of Tmax :

max. time duration during the observation period that the voltage deviation d(t) exceeds the limit for dc

Minor changes to improve or simplify understanding

All limits and measurement methods remain unchanged

New Annex C (informative) :

„Determination of steady state voltage and voltage change characteristics,

as defined in IEC 61000-4-15:2010 “

Helps to process measurement results with the direct measurement method

New Annex D (informative) :

„Input relative voltage fluctuation ΔV/V for Pst = 1,0 at output [IEC/TR 61000-3-7:2008]“

Table D.1 with adapted values for 120 V / 60 Hz network voltage & frequency

IEC 61000-3-3


> Outlook: Changes, trends & prospects

IEC 61000-3-3


Single phase solution – EM Test

- 1 PH Harmonic & Flicker Analyser (DPA) - Including flicker impedance up to 16A

- 1 PH AC source (ACS or NetWave) 20A, 300V, 6000VA

> Harmonic and Flicker test solutions

Test solutions


Three Phase solution – EM Test

- 3 PH Analyser (DPA)

- 3 PH Impedance (AIF)

- 3 PH AC source (NetWave)

3x400V 16A / 32A


Test solutions


NSG1007 AC Power Sources :

Single phase: 3, 5, 10 kVA

Three phase: 15, 30, 45 kVA

Measurement unit :

1 & 3 PH Harmonics analyser

and flicker meter

Software :

Measurement and analysis

software

EUT

PROFLINE – versatile Harmonics and Flicker measurement system

> Harmonic and Flicker test solutions - TESEQ

Test solutions


NSG1007-x Power Source

INA215x Reference Impedance

CCN1000-x Signal

ConditionerEUT

3-Phase

AC INA

BCN

A

BCN

A

BCN

Measurement Signal IEC61000-3-x

PC

DAQ-Card

INA2110 / INA2113

Profline Software

WIN2110 / 2145

WIN2100V3 / 2106


Test solutions


IEC 61000-3-2, -3-12 : Harmonics emission

IEC 61000-3-3, -3-11 : Flicker emission

IEC 61000-4-8 : Power frequencey magnetic field immunity [Option 8]

IEC 61000-4-11 : Dips & interrupts immunity (AC, ≤16 A per phase) [Option 11]

IEC 61000-4-13 : Harmonics & Interharmonics immunity

IEC 61000-4-14 : Voltage fluctuation immunity

IEC 61000-4-17 : Ripple on D.C. input power port immunity

IEC 61000-4-27 : Unbalance immunity

IEC 61000-4-28 : Variation of power frequency immunity

IEC 61000-4-29 : Dips & interrupts immunity (DC) [Option 11]

IEC 61000-4-34 : Dips & interrupts immunity (AC, >16 A per phase) [Option 11]

MIL/Avionics : RTCA/DO-160 ; MIL-STD 704 ; Boeing ; Airbus [Options]

Automotive : LV 123 / VW 80300 & related standards

> Covered Standards :

Test solutions


EM Test - net.control


Introduction





Agenda


> net.control – IEC 61000-3-2 Ed.5.0 - Preview

Outlook

-3-2 Ed.5.0 is being developed in multiple fragments

Current status are mostly CDVs (f1, f3, f4)

Reviewed definitions lighting equipment & dimmers

New to Class A:

- independent phase control dimmers

- professional luminaires for stage lighting and studios

Clause 7 : Harmonic current limits new exception

- lighting equipment with a rated power less than but not equal to 5 W;

- independent phase control dimmers still being debated (fragment 1)

- power-dependent limits for dimmers >25 W are being debated

- NEW: change from “active input power” to “rated power” criteria for >25W / ≤25W

Revised Annex C.2 Test conditions for television receivers

Revised Annex C.5 Test conditions for lighting equipment

Revised Annex C.11 Test conditions for induction hobs (auto cooking zone)


> net.control – IEC 61000-3-3 Ed.3 – Amend. 1 – Preview

Outlook

IEC 61000-3-3 Ed.3 Amend. 1 is currently in CDV

Changes to Annex A.2 Test conditions for lighting 1 and similar equipment

Request to increase the exception level for LED luminaries from currently

200 W up to 600 W (like for other lamp luminaries)

- Study has shown that modern LEDs are not more (or even less) sensitive to Flicker

than discharge lamps

CONDUCTED RF EQUIPMENT POWER AMPLIFIERS

www.ametek-cts.com

Thank you for your attention

Harmonics & Flicker Testing - emitec industrial...2017/05/16 · Flicker emission –IEC 61000-3-3...

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Transcript of Harmonics & Flicker Testing - emitec industrial...2017/05/16 · Flicker emission –IEC 61000-3-3...