Handling Hazardous Building Materials

How to Avoid a Construction Nightmare

Meet Your Moderator

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James Ciccone

During This Webinar

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All lines will be muted.

Communicate via the questions tab in your

webinar panel.

Unanswered questions will be responded to

after the webinar.

Webinar recording and slides will be emailed

to you tomorrow.

Meet Your Presenters

Ryan Miller

Engineering Project Manager

Triumvirate Environmental

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Maria Borejsza-Wysocka

Environmental Engineer

Triumvirate Environmental

Agenda

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Asbestos

Lead

Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Mercury (in plumbing)

Summary & Questions

Poll Question

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What is your greatest challenge when it comes

to asbestos?

Asbestos: What Is It?

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The “Miracle” Fiber

• Widely used for many reasons:

Resistant to heat, electricity, and chemicals

Sound absorbent

Has a high tensile strength

Able to be woven into cloth

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Types of Asbestos

• Serpentine (Chrysotile)

Quickly cleared in the human lung,

Distinct morphology,

Fibers often “clumped” in air

• Amphibole (Amosite and Crocidolite)

Biopersistant

Straight spear like fibers

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Suspect Materials

• Pipe Insulation

• Floor Tile

• Mastic

• Ceiling Tile

• Duct Seam Glue

• Joint Compound

• Roofing Material

• Fire Proofing

• Fume Hood Panels

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How Do You Identify Asbestos?

• Laboratory analysis Cannot identify an asbestos

fiber by the naked eye

• Licensed asbestos inspector

• Specific methodology for sampling

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Asbestos Sampling

OSHA 40 CFR 763.86• Prescriptive sampling methods

US EPA Pink Book• Summarizes the Asbestos Hazard

Emergency Response Act (AHERA) sampling guidelines

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Asbestos SamplingSurfacing Material

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Asbestos SamplingThermal System Insulation (TSI)

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Asbestos Sampling• Miscellaneous Materials

At least one sample shall be collected from each suspected miscellaneous material. (EPA)

OSHA says: In a manner sufficient to determine whether material is ACM or not ACM, collect bulk samples from each homogeneous area of friable miscellaneous material that is not assumed to be ACM.

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Definitions

• The US EPA defines ACM as material containing >1% asbestos.

• MA DEP has requirements for asbestos containing waste material (ACWM) for specific materials (vermiculite) containing 1% asbestos or less.

Non-routine asbestos abatement work

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It’s Identified, Now What?

• Abatement

Performed by licensed contractor

Requires 10 working day notification to the state

Clearance sampling

Re-occupancy

• Management Asbestos Management Plan or O&M Plan

Asbestos awareness training

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Case Study• Facility wide asbestos inspection and management plan

• 12 buildings assessed, one for pre-demolition and the others for an O&M plan

• Over 300 samples collected over the course of 6 business days

• Asbestos identified in roofing materials, TSI, mastic, floor tiles, fume hood panels, etc.

• Continues management and inspection of areas identified

Agenda

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Asbestos

Lead

Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Mercury (in plumbing)

Summary & Questions

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History of Use

• Lead Pipes Lead has been used in plumbing for centuries Majority of buildings built prior to the 1980s have lead in

their plumbing infrastructure 1986: SDWA prohibited use of pipe, solder, or flux in

public water systems that was not “lead free”

• Lead Paint Lead based paint has been used for centuries 1951 first ban on the use of lead based paint Majority of buildings built prior to the 1978 have lead-

based paint

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History of Use

Source: www.epa.gov

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Exposure

How does lead get into the

water?

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Exposure

• Areas of concern are painted surface Walls and ceilings Windows and window sills Doors and door frames Stairs, railing, banister, and porches Woodwork (baseboards and molding)

• Routes of exposure Inhalation Ingestion

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Health Effects

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Water Sampling

Drinking water taps

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Lead Paint Sampling and Screening

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Laws and Regulations

• Safe Drinking Water Act (1986)“No person may use any pipe or plumbing fitting or fixture, any solder, or flux, after June 19, 1986, in the installation or repair of: (i) any public water system; or (ii) any plumbing in a residential or non residential facility providing water for human consumption, that is not lead free (within the meaning of subsection (d))

Effective 2 years after August 6, 1996, it shall be unlawful-(A) For any person to introduce into commerce any pipe, or any pipe or plumbing

fixture, that is not lead free, except for a pipe that is used in manufacturing or industrial processing;

(B) For any person engaged in the business of selling plumbing supplies, except manufacturers, to sell solder or flux that is not lead free; or

(C) For any person to introduce into commerce any solder or flux that is not lead free unless the solder or flux bears a prominent label that it is illegal to use the solder or flux in the installation or repair of any plumbing providing water for human consumption.”

-1417(a)(1)(A)

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Laws and Regulations

• Lead and Copper Rule (1991)(1) The lead action level is exceeded if the concentration of lead in more than 10 percent of tap water samples collected during any monitoring period conducted in accordance with §141.86 is greater than 0.015 mg/L (i.e., if the “90th percentile” lead level is greater than 0.015 mg/L). - §141.80

• Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act (2011)“…the term ‘lead free’ means- (A) not containing more than 0.2 percent lead when used with respect to solder and flux; and (B) not more than a weighted average of 0.25 percent lead when used with respect to the wetted surface of pipe, pipe fitting, plumbing fittings, and fixtures” 1417(Sec.2)

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Laws and Regulations

• Toxic Substances Control Act (1976)

• U.S. EPA Lead Renovation, Repair, and Painting Rule Lead-Based Paint: paint with lead levels ≥

1.0 mg/cm2 or more than 0.5% by weight

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Lead is Identified, Now What?Lead in Water

• Measures to reduce lead in drinking water: Flush your pipes prior to

drinking

Only use cold water for eating and drinking

Install a water filter or treatment system

Remove the pipes containing lead and dispose the waste accordingly

Reduce the corrosiveness of the water

• Shut down the system

• Label water outlets accordingly

Lead in Paint• Measures to reduce exposure

to lead Inspect and maintain all painted

surfaces

Address water damage quickly

and completely

Keep building dust free

• Lead Paint Abatement

• Remove the waste accordingly

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Case Study

Agenda

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Asbestos

Lead

Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Mercury (in plumbing)

Summary & Questions

Poll Question

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How concerned are you that you might have a

PCB problem?

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History and Background• Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): 1929 to 1979

1929 – PCBs first manufactured 1960s – Production decreased in 1960s Early 1970s – all uses of PCBs in United States are confined to closed

systems 1977 – PCB manufacturing in the United States ends 1979 – PCBs banned in the United States

• Properties Chemically Stable Non-Flammable High Boiling Point Tasteless and odorless Good Insulators

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Commercial Uses• Electrical equipment

• Fluorescent light ballasts

• Transformers and capacitors

• Motor and hydraulic system oil

• Thermal insulation

• Adhesives and tapes

• Oil-based paint

• Caulking

• Plastics

• Floor finishes

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Exposure

• Routes of Exposure Inhalation

Dermal routes

• Activities:

During repair or removal of older construction materials (i.e., paint, plaster, and caulk)

Leak or release form electrical equipment

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Health Effects

• Cancer

• Immune effects

• Reproductive effects

• Neurological effects

• Endocrine effects

• Not acutely toxic to humans

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Sampling

Air SampleBuilding Material Sample

Wipe Sample

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Laws and Regulations

• Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 40 CFR Part 761

• Definition of Bulk Waste vs. Remediation Waste 40 CFR §761.61 and 761.62

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PCBs is Identified, Now What?

• Reduce exposure to PCBs Remove PCB containing fluorescent light

ballasts

Remove building material: caulk, masonry, wood and bricks contaminated or containing PCBs

Encapsule PCB containing material

• Dispose PCB waste accordingly

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Case Study

Agenda

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Asbestos

Lead

Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Mercury (in plumbing)

Summary & Questions

What is Mercury?• Naturally occurring element that in its

pure form is a liquid that volatizes

readily

• Exposure at high levels can harm the

brain, heart, kidneys, lungs, and

immune systems

• Mercury vapor is colorless and

odorless

Where CanIt Be Found?

Thermometers

Barometers

Manometers

Light bulbs

Thermostats

Coal and other rocks

Coal-burning power plants are the

largest human-caused source of

mercury emissions to the air in the

United States

Mercury

Devices in

Your Facility

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Mercury in Plumbing

• Relic plumbing Mercury poured into drains can remain in

the plumbing indefinitely, until it is physically removed or the plumbing is replaced

• Often overlooked

• Mercury remediation is costly and time consuming

Mercury in

Plumbing

Mercury Vapor

Measurement• Various methods are used to detect

and quantify mercury vapors in air

• Vapor detection limits vary

significantly

• Regulations and guidance

concentrations can be in milligrams

per cubic meter (mg/m3),

micrograms per cubic meter (ug/m3),

or nanograms per cubic meter

(ng/m3)

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Mercury Vapor Measurement

Mercury Vapor Measurement

Triumvirate utilizes the Jerome J-505 for most mercury vapor monitoring activities.

Monitoring Device Detection Limit

Dräger tubes 0.05 mg/m3

Jerome J-505 0.00005 mg/m3

Lab (EPA Method 6009) 0.002 mg/m3

Lumex 0.00005 mg/m3

Jerome 431-X 0.003 mg/m3 (± 0.003 mg/m3)

X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Analyzer 10 to 20 mg/kg

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Mercury Meter Interferences• Potential interferences to the Jerome 431-X mercury vapor analyzer have been

identified and are listed in the Manufactures Owners Manual

• Erroneously high readings can sometimes occur with the presence of:

Hydrocarbons

High levels of CO, CO2, and SO2

Water vapor/condensation

Chlorine and Ammonia

NO2

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)

Most mercaptans (organic sulfur compounds or “thiols”)

• There are no known interferences with the Jerome J505 or Lumex meters

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Regulations and

Guidance• OSHA established a PEL as a ceiling value of

0.1 mg/m3, the only legally enforceable federal

U.S. standard

• NIOSH set a REL of 0.05 mg/m3 as a 10-hour,

time weighted average

• The ACGIH recommended the most recent

occupational exposure standard as the TLV-

TWA of 0.025 mg/m3

• The ATSDR recommends risk managers

isolate humans from mercury spills when a

concentration level of ≥ 0.01 mg/m3

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Cleanup Guidance

Worker Health and SafetySpills within a facility can pose a threat

to worker health and safety and to

building occupants:

• Improper PPE

• Cross Contamination

• “Hot Spots”

• Improper Clean Up

• Improper Waste Disposal

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Mercury Clean Up Products &

Equipment

Triumvirate utilizes multiple mercury

cleanup products to effectively

eliminate mercury vapor releases,

including:

• Mercury Vacuums

• Mercury Amalgamation

• Mercury Vapor Adsorption

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Waste Disposal

• The most common disposal method is

mercury retort

• Solid and liquid bearing wastes are put

through a controlled high vacuum retort

system that recycles mercury

• The mercury can be recycled up to

99.99995% purity, and can be used on a

wide variety of applications

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Case Study: Mercury in Lab Piping

Case Study: Mercury in Lab Piping• Remove each sink trap, collect the

contents, and screen with a Jerome

J-505

• Traps with detections were removed

and containerized for proper disposal

• Remaining laboratory waste piping

was screened, and any piping with

detections was cut and containerized

for proper disposal

• All piping was removed until there

were no detections on the Jerome

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Agenda

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Asbestos

Lead

Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Mercury (in plumbing)

Summary & Questions

Summary

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• It is important to know what materials are present prior to construction or renovations to handle the building material/waste accordingly.

• Pipes in your building may contain lead, mercury or asbestos.

• It is important to assess a variety of building material to determine if they are hazardous.

• Planning ahead will save you time and money during your renovations and construction projects.

THANK YOU!CONTACT US!

1-888-834-9697

www.triumvirate.com

Ryan Miller: rmiller@triumvirate.com

Maria Borejsza-Wysocka: mborejsza-wysocka@triumvirate.com