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22/02/2007 Gtoe 2007 Halt of Biodiversity Loss: Can we reach the 2010 Targets in the Tropics? Klaus Riede State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart (SMNS)
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Transcript of Halt offbiodivlossfinal
22/02/2007 Gtoe 2007
Halt of Biodiversity Loss:Can we reach the 2010 Targets
in the Tropics?
Klaus Riede
State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart (SMNS)
22/02/2007 Gtoe 2007
The Challenge: Reduction of biodiversity loss by 2010
• Reduction of biodiversity loss by 2010 is amongthe most ambitious targets of the Johannesburg 2002 summit.
• The European Union is most ambitious by aiming at a total halt of biodiversity loss
http://www.countdown2010.net/
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The Challenge: Reduction of biodiversity loss by 2010
• Reduction of biodiversity loss by 2010 is amongthe most ambitious targets of the Johannesburg 2002 summit.
• The European Union is most ambitious by aiming at a total halt of biodiversity loss
• The European Union does comprise tropical areas
http://www.countdown2010.net/
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Good News
• Political target:
Ecologists and Environmentalists are not alone
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Good News Bad News
• Political target:Ecologists and Environmentalists are not alone
• How do we measure loss?Where is the baseline?
• Implementation:Even if we know loss: how do we stop it?
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The Extraterrestrial Consultant
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The Extraterrestrial Consultant:
The Martian aks about:
Purpose of monitoring,
Magnitude and distribution of benefits,
The Martian finally concludes that benefits from Biodiversity are large.
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The Extraterrestrial Consultant:
The Martian did not ask a fundamental question:
How many species on earth?
Do we have a list?
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The Extraterrestrial Consultant:
The Martian did not ask a fundamental question:
How many species on earth?
Do we have a list?
Or an illustrated catalogue?
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The Problem:
Diversity in the Tropics is overwhelming
(gu)estimates from canopy studies:
30 million Erwin
80 million Stork
Consensus:
appr 5 million
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New Orthoptera Species
Borneo47 (49)
Floren, Riede & Ingrisch 2001
Ecuador
(lowland) 37 (42) Nischk 1999
Ecuador
(mountain) >50 100) Braun 2002
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.... but how can insect diversity be mapped or monitored, if most species not even have a name?
Eneoptera sp.
www.dorsa.de
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Good News Bad News
• More than 5 million species on Earth
• „only“ 1.8 million described
• Taxonomic impediment
• Unprecedented species loss: many species probably disappear before they are described
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Good News
• A well-established assessment scheme by the IUCN Red List
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Top Ten countries with Extinct bird numbers
United States (Hawaii: 18) 24Mauritius 18New Zealand 15Saint Helena 9Réunion 9French Polynesia 8Australia 7Japan 4Canada 3Guadeloupe 3Jamaica 3Mexico 3Norfolk Island 3Cuba 2Indonesia, Seychelles, Martinique, Cuba 2
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Good News Bad News
• A well-established assessment scheme by the IUCN Red List
• IUCN criteria not applicable to many tropical species only known from singletons
• Actual rate of species loss is a (gu)estimate,
• …but definitely around 1000 times higher than natural extinction rates
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Global Amphibian Assessment
The GAA assessed threat status and distribution for each of the
5,743 amphibian species known to science.
More than 520 scientists from over 60 countries contributed to the three-year study.
Results provide a baseline for global amphibian conservation, and will be used to design strategies to save the world’s rapidly declining amphibian populations
The Panamanian golden frog is one of roughly 110 species of harlequin frog (Atelopus), many of which are dying out. Although this species still
survives, its numbers have fallen significantly.
35 EXTINCT/EW
427 CriticallyEndangered
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Distribution of Threatened Amphibians Worldwide
[Source: Global Amphibian Assessment]
92% in Haiti
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Haiti;Google Earth 2007
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RAP, CAMP & TEAM & (ATBIs)
RAP scientists gather and report information about:
•Vegetation structure and richness•Birds•Mammals•Reptiles•Amphibians•Selected insect groups
RAP conducts terrestrial biodiversity surveys in Central and South America, the Asia-Pacific region, and Africa.
Conservation Assessment Medicinal Plants (CAMP)
Conservation Assessment andManagement Plan (CAMP
Tropical Ecology, Assessment & Monitoring (TEAM) Initiative
"All Taxa Biodiversity Inventories" (ATBIs)
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Acoustic monitoring:a TEAM protocol
afternoonearlyHG.mp3
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WWF Living Planet Index
The LPI is the average of three separate indices measuring changes in abundance of
555 terrestrial species,
323 freshwater species
267 marine species
around the world.
LIVING PLANET REPORT 2004
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Good News
• Sufficient information is available for clear recommentdations to reduce biodiversity loss:
- protect primary forests- connect forest fragments- Implement sustainable tropical agriculture
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Bad News
• Main drivers of tropical diversity loss continue or increase:- dams,- biofuel- climate change- biological invasions
• International Conventions not binding (CBD) or limited to few species (CITES, CMS)
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Conclusion
There is societal consensus for „halt biodiversity loss“ by 2010
This is a unique opportunity to find new mechanisms to implement what we know
(for the politicians), for the scientists this means to find new and more efficient ways to overcome the taxonomic impediment and to open for a more dialogue
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Thank you
