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1. . 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

- - , , , , , , . , , , , , , , . , . . : .. , .. : , .. , .. , .. , , .. , .. - , .. , The New Oxford English Dictionary, 13 vol. . , . ' , . - , . , , . : - ; , , . , , .. , , - ( ) , .

1. . , (- ). , ' . ' , , . , , , , ' table. , ' : . table, . c, . Tisch. , ( ) . " ", . - , . , , , , . , , . , , , , , . , , , ' , ' . - . , . - , : , , . , , , , , . 2 , : 1) ; 2) . , , , , [5]. , , . [5]: , , , , , , . ) , , , , . ,, fact, book, face, number, . facts, books, faces, numbers , facts, books, faces, numbers .. , , , , -s houses, -ing writing . ' , , , , ... .. , , , , , , , , [12]. , , . . ) , ', - (), . ', , , , . house, houses, houses, , ' . - , , ' , , , . , . - . , land : 1) earth, ground, soil; 2) country, fatherland, nation; 3) province, district, region, territory, tract, plot; - , , , . - [15]. ' . - . , , . ) . , . , , . , . ' - ` . , , . - . - , . , woman . , (, ); , , ( , , ) [5]. , , . , , . , , large , big- , tremendous- like- , love- , worship- . , - , ,. , . . , . , - , , , - cow- , emerald eyes- . , . , daddy- , mammy- , father- , mother- . mum, bob, , , . - ' . , .

2. . : Fond- - O.E. fond (), Glad- - O.E. glad (), Husband- - O.E. Hus- bonda ( ).2.1 : a); b) . " ", , , , .. . , ' , , . , - Lat. Carrus, - " ", , ( ), . atomos () , . , , : 1) - ellipsis. , , , : , to starve- () (O.E. stearfan ) "" ( " "). 16- , " ". : , daily - ( ), . 2) - , . , land- ( O.E. land ), : 1) ; 2) . Mid. Eng. "" , "" , " " , , , "". 3) ,, . "" (, ), , " ". 2.2 : 1) (), 2) (), 3) : , 4) (), 5) () . 1) - , , , , . to help: , stock : - .

2) - , , , . , . .to starve: wife: deer: affection: - , , 3) : (, , , ..): the tongues of flame; the tongue of a bell, the foot of a page; the foot of a mountain, a fox . . , , , - , . , . : ) , . ., ass - 1) . , (Equus asinus ); 2) , ; cow - 1) . ( Cavi-cornia ); 2) . , , ; wolf - 1) . (Canis lupus ); 2) , ; , .; ) . ., head - 1) ; 2) -., (); 3) (), (), , (); 4) (, ..), (), ();arm - 1) ( ); 2) , (); 3).. (); , ; , ; (); (); (); (); () .; ) ' (, , , ..) , . ., warm - 1) ; , ; 2) ; ; 3) , , ;dry - 1) ; 2) , ; 3) ; ;sharp - 1) , , ; 2) , ; ; ; 3) , ; .; ) , - - , , .. , : - - - - - , , , , : Sharp wine- () ; sharp smell - ; sharp voice - ; dull colours - , ; soft music - () ; soft light - ; soft tints - () ; sour smell - . deep - , low - , thin - . ) . ., to smash a tea-cup - ; to smash theory - ; to tie a horse to a tree- ' ; to be tied by the rules - ' ; to bear heavy load - ; to bear responsibility - . , , , . . , , . , ' , ' , '. , , , , . ., mouth - : 1), ; 2) . ; 3) ( , ); 4) (; (); 5) . ; (); 6) (); 7). , ; 8) ; 9) ., , ' . Leg - , , : 1); , ; 2); 3) , ; 3) . , ; 4) (); 5). ; 6) ; 7) ; 8) . ; 9) ( ) . . , , . "Very many linguistic forms are used for more than one typical situation, - . - In English, we speak of the head of an army, of a procession, of a household, or of a river and a head of cabbage, of the mouth of a bottle, cannon, or river, of the eye of a needle and of hooks and eyes on a dress; of the teeth of a saw; of the tongue of a shoe or of a wagon; of the neck of a bottle and a neck of the woods; of the arms, legs and back of a chair; of the foot of a mountain; of hearts of celery. A man may be a fox, an ass, or a dirty dog; a woman - a peach, lemon, cat or goose; people are sharp and keen or dull, or else bright or foggy; as to their wits, warm or cold in temperament; crooked or straight in conduct; a person may be up in the air, at sea, off the handle, off his base, or even beside himself, without actually moving from the spot". ', , , - , , - . '. : - ' : ., fowl - 1) , ,2) ', ; goose - 1) , , 2) ; turkey - 1) . , (Meleagris gallopavo), 2) . , . - :., pine - 1) . (Pinus), 2) ; oak - 1) . (Quercus gen.), 2) ; maple - 1) . (Acer gen.), 2) . - : ., bronze - 1) , 2) ; clay - 1) , , 2) ; silver - 1) , 2) . - : ., school - 1) , ; , 2) . , ; hall - 1) , ; 2) , ; house - 1) , 2) , ; , , 3) , , 4) , . - ' : ., authorit -1) , , , 2) , ; beauty - 1) , ; 2) ; talent - 1) , , ; 2) , . - ' : ., support - 1) , , 2) , ; 3) ; supply -1) , 2) ; safeguard - 1) , , 2) , ; 3) , () . ' , : - ' , - , - , - .. , - , , . , , , , . , : . ., green - 1) , ; 2) , , ; ancient - 1), ; 2) , ; (); blind - 1) , ; 2) ; shoot - 1) , ; 2) , , ; sit - 1) ; 2) , ; 3) , .). , , . , ' : ., cat - 1) (Felis domesticus); 2) (Felis Panthera); head - 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; () ..) : ., doctor - 1) . , , ; 2) ( ); 3) , ; burner - 1) -.; 2) , ; 3) .. , '. : ' ', , : . , , ' ' ' ' , . , ( ), . (., ., . hope, love, loss . , , , , , , ', , ) . , . citation , ' , - , . . writing , , , , .. : 1) , ; 2) .. ' (, , - ..) . , , [18]. , , , , . 4) , , . .,Imp- ()- ; ( )- ; ()- , . Gay , ; ()- . 5) - . ., Knight - - - , . - , , , , , , , , .

2.3 : - ; - : : - ; - . : Hound- , (O.E. hund ), O.E. - - M.E. , . - : ., target- , () , () - . , , ., camp- () - Lat.campus- ), () - " ". . , . : 1) ( ), , boor () peasant () (O.E. zebur: ), ( ); 2) ( ), , minister- , ()- , .

2.4 , . , , , . , , . , bread , , , , weapon , , . , , , atom. ' , , .. ' , - - . , cook XVI - , ; uncle ( ), , , . bird, junk, album, assignment, companion, butcher, picture . girl, , . hound, , , . token ', , meat ''', undertaker ' ; , deer ''; coast ' , ; stool '' . knave, , ; , , , sly ', , ' ; cunning , , ; crafty , , , (. lust ', ' ; lewd ', ' ; immoral ', ' ; vice ', ' ; hussy ', ' ; harlot '', ', ' ; boor ', , ' ; churl ', ' ). knight ' , ' ; bard ', ' ; enthusiasm '' ; angel '' ; nice '' ., , , (. marshal ', -'; minister '' ; squire ', ' ; chamberlain '' ; g ', ' ; Whig ', ' ; Methodist '. ' ; pretty ', ' ; fond ', ' .). , . , , , , , , , (., ., book ' ( , ..)', ' ' , ' ; ()', disease '' , - dis- + ease, - , , , ). , . , , . , . , , , , - : ., . Tier- ', ' ; .- deer '; 1) . (Cervidae); 2) . ; 3) - '.

, , , . , . , , , , , . , , , . , , . , , (, , , ). (, , , ..). - ( ). , , . , .. , , ( ) , . . , . , , , ' ( ) , , - .

1. .. . - ., 1973.2. .. . - .,1961.3. .. : .- : , 2007. - 76.- [. .]4. .. // .. : . - ., 1977. 18.5. .. . - ., 1971, - 84.6. .. . .- ., 1956.7. .. . - ., 1989 - 143.8. .. . - .: - , 1957. - 324 .9. K . .- ., 1958.10. .. , .- .: , 1965.- 110.11. .. . - .: ., 1984. - 119.12. ` .. Lexicology.- , 2002. 109.13. .. .- ., 1974.14. .. . , 1992.15. .. . - .: ., 1984. - 224 .16. .. .- ., 1956.17. .. . - : . -. -, 1985. - 179 .18. .. - .- ., 1968.19. . . - .: , 1985. - 432 .20. Ullmann St. Semantics, An Introduction to the Science of Meaning. Oxford,1962.