2

President’s Report

Another month of interesting and enjoyable events! Shen Jiawei's fabulous 30m long monumental mural depicting over 400 people - China 1936-1937: Years of Change - at the Seymour Centre, attracted a huge crowd. It was an absolute delight for me to have a chat with our Patron, Professor Dame Marie Bashir, who was opening the exhibition, and a wonderful coincidence when Mirabel Fitzgerald came up to us. Mirabel is the daughter of the late Professor C.P.Fitzgerald, who founded the Australia-China Society (later changed to ACFS) in Melbourne in 1951. Some members will remember Mirabel giving us a talk about her father at one of our meetings a few years ago. As you all know, my father Luther Yung was an early NSW president of the ACFS in the 1950s, so an iconic photo of us three is in this bulletin. ACFS members and I also met the Chinese Consul-General Mr Li Huaxin, who also spoke at the exhibition. Thanks to all who attended our Annual General Meeting. My President's Report and Lesley Heath's Secretary's Report are printed in this bulletin. The only motion passed which concerns members is that only Centrelink pension/student card holders will be able to be Concession members. As you would all be aware, we are dipping into our reserve monies to run the Society so I hope the adult single membership fee of $30 will be embraced by our members. Our November lunch meeting was most enjoyable with Bruce Venables giving us an insightful and amusing account of 1970s life in Hong Kong. His book 'Scattered Monkeys' is a great read and can be borrowed from our ACFS Library. Thanks to Bruce for coming down to Sydney from the Central Coast and Random House Jess Malpass for organizing it. Some of us were lucky to see the Confucius dance drama at the State Theatre. The dancing, choreography, sumptuous outfits and sets were superb and the audience was agog at the ballet and acrobatic skills of the gorgeous women and men in the cast. The Week of Chinese Culture in November in Sydney included a golf day and congratulations to our Lesley Heath for winning a trophy!

The Balmain Watch House exhibition of art works by the Wednesday Drawing and Painting Group was a great success. Congratulations to ACFS members who exhibited - see photo in this bulletin. Thanks to all our loyal members who have booked to attend our 2014 Christmas Party lunch on the 10th December. It will be a very special event as we have invited some lovely VIPs to join us. See you there!

To all members, our best wishes for a wonderful and joyous Christmas, and a very happy and healthy 2015.

Margaret Yung Kelly President December 2014 Welcome to new member Lulu Wang 2015 TOURS: Lesley Heath is planning a second tour to Myanmar for December 2015. The tour will include Yangon, Bagan and Mandalay but go further north and south than the classic tour. Watch This Space!

2014 Australia-China International Golf Tournament was one of

the sponsored events of the festival. A great day was had at

Macquarie Links Golf Club. The combination of a great golf course,

excellent food and interesting cultural entertainment made for a

very successful event! Lesley Heath receiving the Trophy!

3

Dates for your Diary:

ACFS Regular Activities

Qigong: Every Wednesday, 10am, Ultimo Community Centre, exercise class $10. Call Miranda Ho on 0402 918 383

Mandarin: Every Tuesday. Speaking/Listening class 9.15am-10.15am and General Language class 10.30am-12noon in our ACFS

Rooms. $12 for one class or $17 for both. Contact Mark Seeto, ph. 0417 691 988 or email mseeto@bigpond.net.au

Free Talk: Daily Health Preservation in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Time: 3pm – 5pm

Date: Wednesday, 3 December 2014

Venue: China Cultural Centre in Sydney, Level 1, 151 Castlereagh Street,

Sydney

Traditional Chinese medicine is an ancient and profound hiding art. Ancient Chinese doctors discovered that human body, mind

and spirit were integrally connected and can be affected by external environment as early as

3000 years ago. The 2hour talk will unveil the mask of TCM with focus on its application on our general well-

being and fitness. Audience will be shown methods of preventing and curing diseases and improving conditions through the most

natural ways and organic recipes.

Invited speakers, Mr Wang Qinghai, Deputy President of Guangdong No2 Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mr Qin Min,

Chief Physician, are experienced doctors who have been practicing traditional Chinese medicine for manyyears. They will be delive

ring the talk and conducting a 30minute Q&A session.

Please be kindly reminded that reservation is essential via cccsyd@culturalink.gov.cn or 02-82283050

ACFS Committee for 2015 (three not present)

The ACFS Bulletin is kindly sponsored by:

Ph: 1300 764 224; email: ctstours@chinatravel.com.au

4

Xi Jinping: Open up a More Splendid New Chapter In

China-Australia Relations 2014/11/14

On November 14, 2014, a signed article titled “Open

up a More Splendid New Chapter In China-Australia

Relations” by Mr. Xi Jinping, President of the People's

Republic of China, was published in Australian

newspaper The Financial Review. The full text is as

follows:

The magnificent land of Australia has attracted world-

wide attention with its exotic charming landscape,

dynamic economy, vibrant people and diversified

culture.

I have visited Australia four times since 1988. Each

time left me with a new understanding of the country

and a deep impression of the profound friendship

between the Chinese and Australian people. I look

forward to my fifth trip to this land during which I will

pay a state visit to Australia and attend the Ninth G20

Summit in Brisbane.

As a Chinese saying goes, "Even mountains and seas

cannot distance people with common aspirations."

Despite the geographical distance between us, China

and Australia have been closely linked by history and

reality. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations

42 years ago, our relations have traversed an

extraordinary journey, making us good friends and

strategic partners and bringing real benefits to our

two peoples.

China and Australia have maintained close contacts at

both the top and other levels and deepened mutual

trust. We have established over 30 inter-

governmental consultation mechanisms, including the

annual meeting between our prime ministers, the

foreign and strategic dialogue and strategic economic

dialogue. There have been active exchanges between

our legislatures, political parties and militaries, and

we have maintained good communication and

coordination on multilateral issues.

China and Australia have achieved fruitful results in

practical business cooperation and deepened

converging interests. Bilateral trade has expanded

1,500-fold in the past 42 years. China is now

Australia's largest trading partner, export market and

source of imports. For every 100 tonnes of iron ore

imported to China, 54 tonnes come from Australia.

For every three AU dollars Australia earns from

export, one dollar comes from China. Export to China

has increased Australia's household income by over

13,400 AU dollars each year on average, enough to

buy each household a new car a year. Meanwhile, the

premium dairy, meat and wine products of Australia

are increasingly served at the dining tables of Chinese

households.

China and Australia have engaged in vibrant people-

to-people exchanges and deepened bilateral

friendship. The two countries have successfully held in

each other's side the year of culture, which has

fostered growing "Australia zeal" in China and "China

zeal" in Australia. China is the largest source of tourist

receipts for Australia while Australia is the second

largest destination of outbound Chinese students. In

2013 the mutual visits between our two countries

exceeded 1.5 million, and more than 200,000 Chinese

students are studying in Australia.

The growing China-Australia relations have offered us

many widely told stories. The Australian eye specialist

Peter Gramham, known as a "Lightbringer" visited

China in 1991, during which he performed operations

for several patients with eye disease and restored

their eye sight. In 2009 and 2013 when Victoria and

New South Wales of Australia were hit by severe bush

fires, the Chinese side lent a helping hand by

providing prompt satellite data about the fires. It is

with these heartwarming notes our people have

struck in their exchanges that we have composed a

splendid movement about China-Australia friendship.

As an ancient Chinese philosopher wrote, "A tree has

to strike a firm root before it can flourish. A river has

to have a fully dredged source before it can flow

unceasingly far." The most important reason that

China and Australia, an Eastern culture in the

Northern Hemisphere and a Western culture in the

Southern, have been able to bring bilateral relations

to the current height is that they have followed the

principles of mutual respect, equality and mutual

benefit, and promoted mutual trust through dialogue,

sought win-win progress through cooperation and

cemented friendship through exchanges. This is

5

proven to be the right path for the development of

China-Australia relations, which has withstood the

test of history and won the support of the people. It is

therefore important that we choose the right path

forward and stick to it unswervingly as we move

ahead.

At the current stage, China is comprehensively

deepening reform and opening-up, promoting rule of

law on all fronts and making relentless efforts to

achieve the "two centenary goals" (i.e. doubling our

GDP and per capita urban and rural income of 2010

and completing the building of a moderately

prosperous society in all aspects by 2020, and turning

China into a harmonious modern socialist country that

is strong, prosperous, democratic and culturally

advanced by the middle of the century) and the

Chinese dream of great renewal of the Chinese

nation. Likewise, Australia is speeding up economic

restructuring and industrial upgrading to build a

stronger and more prosperous country. On

international and regional issues, our two countries

have increasingly broader common ground and

common understanding. Suffice it to say that with

strong internal strength for growth, great strategic

significance and a solid foundation, China-Australia

cooperation will enjoy an even brighter prospect.

I look forward to having an in-depth exchange of

views with the Australian leaders and friends of all

sectors during my forthcoming visit, to further tap

into our cooperation potential, deepen friendship and

jointly write a more splendid new chapter in China-

Australia relations.

We need to enhance mutual understanding to

reinforce the bond of mutual trust. To enhance

mutual trust, we must live in harmony without

seeking uniformity and pursue common ground while

reserving differences, thus setting a good example of

peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation

between countries of different cultural traditions,

political systems and stages of development.

We need to deepen practical cooperation to reinforce

the bond of common interests. While striving to break

new grounds in our traditional areas of cooperation

like energy and resources, we should work to create

new stimulus of growth in bilateral cooperation in

finance, infrastructure development, agriculture and

animal husbandry by bringing into full play our

economic complementarity. This way, we can better

facilitate our respective effort to grow economy and

improve people's livelihood.

We need to encourage people-to-people exchanges to

reinforce the cultural bond between our people. It is

important to expand exchanges and cooperation in

education, culture, tourism and between the youth,

and tell the China story and Australia story well so

that the China-Australia friendship will take root deep

in the hearts of our people.

We need to step up strategic communication to

reinforce the bond of multilateral cooperation. The

Chinese side stands ready to work with the Australian

side to strengthen communication and coordination

in international and regional mechanisms, and deal

with traditional and non-traditional security issues of

all kinds to jointly safeguard and promote peace and

prosperity in the Asia-Pacific and beyond.

An important agenda item for my visit to Australia is

to attend the Ninth G20 Summit in Brisbane.

Like Australia, China has also been in the international

spotlight this November, as we have hosted the 22nd

APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting. China will work in

concert with Australia and other APEC member

economies to discuss ways to "Shape the Future

Through Asia-Pacific Partnership", the theme of the

Meeting, and achieve positive outcomes in pushing

forward regional economic integration, promoting

innovative development, economic reform and

growth, and strengthening infrastructure and

connectivity building in all aspects.

I look forward to building on the good momentum of

cooperation between China and Australia, and

working with Prime Minster Tony Abbott and leaders

of other G20 member countries to formulate a

comprehensive G20 growth strategy, develop new

areas of growth through economic reform,

investment in infrastructure and building an open

world economy, to promote strong, sustainable and

balanced growth of the world economy.

Bathing in the pervasive sunshine in the Southern

Hemisphere of November, the Australian continent is

brimming with vigor and vitality. China-Australia

friendship and cooperation has embarked on a new

journey. So long as we work hand-in-hand and

redouble our efforts, our relations will surely embrace

an even brighter future!

6

With artists Liwana Chan, Geoff Murphy, Toni FitzPatrick

and Samuel Chan at the Balmain Watch House Exhibition

At Shen Jiawei’s exhibition at the Seymore Centre with Mirabel Fitzgerald and Dame Marie Bashir

Bruce Venables with Jess Malpass (above)

And with members at November lunchtime

meeting (right)

7

President's Report to ACFS 2014 AGM

We finished last year with a great Christmas Party lunch

attended by 60 people, with a raffle and fun auction

which raised over $400, much needed for the Society.

We hope our 2014 Christmas party on 10th December

will be just as successful and enjoyable.

What a wonderful year this has been for the Society - full

of interesting and enjoyable events.

Our sincere thanks to our excellent guest speakers in

2014:

Marilyn Dooley on 'The Ying & Yang of the Horse'

Jana Mader on 'Teaching & Travelling in China'

Miranda Ho on 'Gongfu Tea Ceremony'

Patricia Curtis, Lesley Heath & Peter Weitzel on

'Myanmar - The Golden Land'

Boyd Anderson on his book 'The Heart Radical'

Lydia Shamshurin-Fegan on 'The Trans-Siberian Railway

across Manchuria in the early 1920s or ‘How My Father

became a Driver for a Chinese Opium Warlord'

John Hunt on his book 'Suffering through Strength' - The

Chinese Contribution to Christmas Island

Dr Richard Wu on his 'Tour of Art & Architecture in

Beijing'

Oola Anderson on her family history 'Kapitan China's

Daughter'

Simon Chan on his Life's Journey

and Bruce Venables will be our 11th November guest

speaker on his book 'Scattered Monkeys.

Our lunch-time excursions have included visits to:

'The Connoisseur and the Philanthropist' - 30 years of

the Sternberg Collection of Chinese Art at the NSW Art

Gallery

Miss Fisher's Costumes and Furniture Exhibition at Old

Government House, Parramatta

'Celestial City' Exhibition at the Museum of Sydney

Australian Chinese Painting Society Annual Exhibition at

Meadowbank

‘The COMMUNE’ Exhibition at the White Rabbit Gallery

Activities included attending other events organized by

Art Atrium, Art Gallery of NSW, Australian Museum,

ACPPRC, ACCA, ACPS, CHAA, CAHS, CWAA, DFAT, China

Studies Centre, Confucius Institute at University of

Sydney and UNSW,

Some highlights were;

We welcomed a delegation from the Shanghai People's

Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries;

Georgina Black and I attended a State Reception at

Government House to welcome the Governor of

Guangdong Province; Georgina Black, Peng Tow and I

were invited to celebrate the 65th Anniversary of the

Founding of the People's Republic of China at the

Chinese Consulate in Sydney; the PRC Consul-General

held a special dinner for the ACFS Committee;

members attended the fabulous Opera House Farewell

Musical Tribute concert in honour of the retiring

Governor of New South Wales HE Professor the

Honourable Dame Marie Bashir AD CVO; and only a

few days ago ACFS members were present at the

Seymour Centre opening of Shen Jiawei's fantastic

exhibition of his 30m long monumental mural 'China

1936-1937, Years of Change'.

We are very grateful to China Travel Service for

sponsoring the printing of our Bulletins this year, and

special thanks to Managing Director, Mr Jian Sun, who

has agreed to continue the sponsorship for 2015. Our

ACFS Tours are excellent value for money and the

friendliest around:.The number of members who join

our tours regularly is testament to this. Our Morocco-

Sicily Tour in April was a resounding success and we look

forward to our 2015 tours -' Essence of North India' is set

to depart with 16 participants in January, and a tour to

Myanmar is planned for December. We are also

researching a Cruise holiday for those who want to relax

and party with friends. Thanks to Amy Rae of CTS for

organizing our ACFS tours so efficiently and so

pleasantly. Thanks to all our members who support our

tours as it helps us run the Society.

Talking of running the Society brings me to a very

important part of my report - my sincerest thanks go to

the 2014 Committee for their great support and hard

work: Vice-President Georgina Black who as Editor of

the Bulletin essentially keeps our hundreds of members

aware of what the Society is doing, Vice-President Peng

Tow for his links with Beijing and Shanghai Youxie, our

counterparts in China; Peng and Peter Weitzel for

helping with the setting up of equipment for our guest

speakers; Assistant Secretary Mailis Wakeham for

helping with tea/biscuits and running up and down to let

members enter the building for our general meetings;

Secretary Lesley Heath for her excellent skills in

undertaking such a time-consuming and heavy

workload; Treasurer Christine Wong for looking after our

finances, updating our membership data base and

printing the labels for the Bulletins, Sue Allen for

maintaining our ACFS NSW website, Fay Briggs for

helping with banking etc.; Miranda Ho for teaching the

Qigong Exercise Class, Patricia Curtis, Laurel Dyson, Gina

Kelly and Margaret Mason for their presence and input.

Barbara Newton has not re-nominated due to other

commitments but I would like to record a vote of thanks

to her for her great contribution as a Committee

Member over many years.

8

Robert Dodgson has agreed to come on the Committer

and on behalf of all of us, we bid you welcome, Robert.

Of course, no Society can flourish without its members,

and I would like to take this opportunity to say a huge

thank you to all our loyal members, not only in NSW but

interstate and overseas, for their continued support in

our aims of promoting friendship and understanding

between the peoples of Australia and China.

We are very proud and profoundly grateful that

Professor Dame Marie Bashir AD CVO has agreed to

continue to be our Patron. We hope to see her at some

of our events now that she has retired as Governor of

New South Wales.

I wrote in my President's Report in the November

Bulletin that we would love our ACFS members to

continue to support the Society and if we can each of us

introduce a new member for 2015, our Society will

double its size.

I am delighted and feel very privileged and honoured to

continue as President of ACFS NSW. I am sure that with

your help and support, 2015 will prove to be another

great year for the Society.

Margaret Yung Kelly, President,

6 November 2014

Secretary's Report to ACFS 2014 AGM

2014 continued the Society's activities thanks to the

work of the committee and the participation of our

membership. Thanks to all for their particular

contributions.

Thanks go especially, as always, to Margaret Yung

Kelly who is as busy in her new role of President as

she was in her many years as Secretary. Her generous

nature and positive outlook are a source of

inspiration.

Our Thursday evening monthly meetings provided

members with many interesting speakers followed by

optional dinners and the Tuesday daytime meetings

included speakers but also excursions to galleries and

exhibitions among other destinations.

We are fortunate in being invited to many functions

such as lectures, musical performances, films etc. via

the Confucius Centres of both University of Sydney

and UNSW as well as the China Studies Centre and

other organisations. These functions are a

wonderful opportunity to attend interesting and

varied events.

Dr Richard Wu has invited us to ‘Blind Reverie’

described as ‘the Party of 2014’ later this month. The

events are too numerous to list, but suffice to say we

circulate them amongst the committee and, if time

permits, give them space in the Bulletin.

Our tours continue to bring in some vitally needed

funds for the society and we encourage members to

join them. The tour led by Margaret to Morocco and

Sicily was a huge success and those of us who booked

look forward to the India tour in January. The

December 2013 trip to Myanmar led by myself will be

followed up with a tour to Myanmar in December

2015 – the itinerary will include destinations

additional to last year’s trip and be published in the

February Bulletin.

Our monthly Bulletin continues to be invaluable in

providing members with information of upcoming

events and tours as well as articles generally China-

related. This is an appropriate moment to express

gratitude to the editor, Georgina Black, who has

produced the publication for many years and

gratitude to our members who roll up for the

Bulletin's monthly mail out - folding, sticking,

labelling, bundling in preparation for the Australia

Post pickup. And thanks to Sue Allen who uploads the

Bulletins onto our website which she maintains.

Haiou Liu continues to teach the Mandarin class on

Tuesday mornings at 10.30am at our ACFS offices.

And Miranda Ho continues to conduct her Wednesday

10am Qigong class at Ultimo Community Centre.

As far as our election results this year, nominations

received did not exceed the number of positions on

the Committee which makes it very easy, and I have

great pleasure in reporting that the ACFS Committee

for 2015 is as follows:

President: Margaret Yung Kelly

Vice Presidents: Georgina Black and Peng Tow

Secretary: Lesley Heath

Assistant Secretary: Mailis Wakeham

Treasurer: Christine Wong

Committee Members: Sue Allen, Fay Briggs, Patricia

Curtis, Robert Dodgson, Laurel Dyson, Miranda Ho,

Gina Kelly, Margaret Mason and Peter Weitzel.

So here's wishing the Society a happy and prosperous

2015. And hope to see a big rollup at the Christmas

Party. And don’t forget to subscribe a friend to boost

our membership numbers.

Lesley Heath, Secretary November 2014

9

Economics: Manufacture renewables to build energy security

• John Mathews and Hao Tan - 10 September 2014

Countries should follow China's lead and boost markets for

water, wind and solar power technologies to drive down

costs, say John A. Mathews and Hao Tan.

POLICY

China's rise to become the world's largest power producer

and source of carbon emissions through burning coal is well

recognized. But the nation's renewable-energy systems are

expanding even faster than its fossil-fuel and nuclear

power. China leads the world in the production and use of

wind turbines, solar-photovoltaic cells and smart-grid

technologies, generating almost as much water, wind and

solar energy as all of France and Germany's power plants

combined. Production of solar cells in China has expanded

100-fold since 2005.

As the scale of Chinese manufacturing has grown, the costs

of renewable-energy devices have plummeted. Innovation

has played a part. But the main driver of cost reduction has

been market expansion. Germany and South Korea are

following similar paths. In short: industrialization can go

hand in hand with decarbonization.

Too many countries have yet to take notice. The USA and

European Union are pursuing counterproductive policies,

such as increasing trade tariffs on imported Chinese

photovoltaic panels. Restricting global trade in renewable

devices will only slow the rate at which costs decrease and

will decelerate the world's retreat from fossil fuels.

As a result, uptake of renewable energies globally has been

too sluggish to seriously reduce greenhouse gases and

tackle climate change. For 15 years, countries have failed to

deliver their carbon-reduction commitments under the

Kyoto Protocol, hindered by the vested interests of the

fossil-fuel industry and fears that alternatives are costly.

LISTEN

John Mathews on China’s trend for renewable energy

The narrative around renewable energies needs to change.

As in China, renewables must be seen as a source of energy

security, not just of reduced carbon emissions. Today's

discussions about energy security focus almost exclusively

on maintaining access to fossil fuels. But unlike oil, coal and

gas, the supplies of which are limited and subject to

geopolitical tensions, renewable-energy devices can be

built anywhere and implemented wherever there is

sufficient water, wind and sun.

Green growth

As the scale of manufacture and use of renewables rises,

market forces will make them more accessible, affordable

and efficient. Energy policies should therefore focus on

promoting manufacturing, trade and competition in low-

carbon technologies, rather than supporting ever more

expensive, dangerous and inaccessible fossil fuels.

China generates more than 5 trillion kilowatt-hours (kWh)

of electricity, about 1 trillion kWh more than the United

States. China's rapid economic expansion since it joined the

World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001 has been based

on fossil fuels: it consumes around 23% of the world's coal

production for electricity. But fossil fuels alone cannot

power the industrial growth the country needs to keep up

with the West.

Since the mid-2000s, China has also pursued a low-carbon

energy strategy. Investment in hydroelectric, wind, solar

and nuclear-power generating facilities increased by 40%

between 2008 and 2012 from 138 billion RMB (US$22

billion) to about 200 billion RMB. The share of investment

in fossil-fuel power facilities in China, meanwhile, fell from

around 50% to 25% over the same period.

Source: EIA/China Electricity Council

Expand

As a result, China's wind-power capacity has increased

fivefold in the past four years (see 'Wind speed'). And in

2013, the generating capacity from new water, wind and

solar sources exceeded that of new fossil-fuel and nuclear

facilities for the first time (see 'Renewables powerhouse').

Zero-carbon sources now contribute 9.6% of the energy

used in China, up from 5.6% in 2000. This is a considerable

achievement.

In 2013, China also hit its target two years early to generate

almost 30% of electricity from renewables. The Chinese

government aims for renewables capacity to reach 550

gigawatts (GW) by 2017, or 48% above the 2013 level.

No other country is investing so much money or

generating so much renewable energy.

Economies of scale

China is upgrading its power grid to accommodate power

fluctuations and distributed generation for intermittent

sources. In one demonstration project, the State Grid

Corporation of China (SGCC) is investing 9.4 billion renminbi

to integrate wind and solar-photovoltaic generation and

storage devices into the main grid. The SGCC is helping to

set international product standards for smart-grid elements

that will underpin the export of these technologies to

countries such as Brazil.

There are two keys to China's success in renewables.

Focused policies drive investment in selected sectors and

encourage domestic take-up by measures such as feed-in

tariffs. And industrial dynamics, including economies of

scale and efficiencies gained through learning, drive down

unit costs as the global market expands.

Sour

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Report

Expand

Renewable-energy generation requires the manufacture of

many components, such as wind turbines, solar-

photovoltaic cells, mirrors, lenses, batteries and energy-

storage systems. From 2010 to 2013, while total global

photovoltaic installation more than tripled from 40 GW to

140 GW, China's installation expanded 22-fold, from 0.8

GW to 18 GW. Supplying the international market, as well

as the domestic one, has helped to drive down costs of

photovoltaic panels by 80% since 2008. Solar-power users

around the world have benefited from lower prices.

A few other countries are following a similar strategy.

South Korea, for example, is committed to 'green growth'

expanding its smart grid and focusing its production on

emerging clean sectors such as zero-emission vehicles. And

Germany has been expanding its manufacture and use of

solar and wind power since the early 2000s, with the aim of

replacing its nuclear power with renewables.

The same principle of industrial-scale production

established US supremacy in the automotive industry a

century ago. Between 1909 and 1916, Henry Ford reduced

the cost of his Ford Model T by 62%, from $950 to $360.

Each year, sales doubled from fewer than 6,000 in 1908 to

more than 800,000 in 1917.

Yet US energy policy emphasizes exploiting domestic coal

seam gas and shale oil, through innovations such as

hydraulic fracture (fracking) and horizontal drilling. The

problems of diminishing returns and environmental costs of

fossil fuels remain.

Changing the conversation

Reframing the emissions debate in terms of energy security

has profound implications for international negotiations

under the terms of the United Nations Framework

Convention on Climate Change. In December, national

representatives will gather in Lima for the preparatory

meeting to the Paris conference in 2015. Their agenda

remains negotiating voluntary national carbon-emissions

reductions, rather than promoting renewable-energy

industries, as the fastest route to decarbonization.

But governments that build strong renewables sectors can

achieve those emissions reductions while enhancing their

energy security and building their manufacturing industries.

Another advantage of the market-oriented approach is that

renewables are not burdened with the task of resolving the

entire climate-change problem. Few countries will be able

to rely on water, wind and solar power alone, and some

fossil fuels will continue to be used.

Our critics will counter that technology-based solutions

raise concerns over the availability of industrial materials

and land for building solar and wind devices and farms. But

our calculations suggest that a global renewables push for

an extra 10 terawatts of power-generation capacity could

be achieved on current industrial scales over the next 20

years, by which time the world energy system would be

well on the way to total conversion. Producing the extra 10

terawatts from renewables needed to transform global

electric power would require more than 5 million square

kilometres filled with around 3 million wind turbines,

14,000 concentrated solar-power installations and 12,500

solar-photovoltaic farms. These technologies could perhaps

be accommodated in the world's desert and semi-desert

regions. The targets are large but they are manageable

compared with current world production levels of 1.75

billion mobile phones per year or 84 mil vehicles per year.

Trade solutions

The main obstacles to expanding renewables uptake are

failed policies and continuing subsidization of fossil fuels.

All governments should enlarge the market for renewable

power by encouraging manufacture and trade of devices.

Countries should foster export and import of renewable

electric power (from, say, North Africa to Europe under the

DESERTEC project, or from Mongolia to China, Japan and

South Korea under the east Asian super-grid proposal).

Above all, the narrow agenda that the Kyoto process has

enforced needs to be broadened.

How? One way involves expanding free trade in renewable

devices. Here, the WTO could complement the Kyoto

process. A preliminary agreement to free up trade in

renewables was adopted by Asia-Pacific Economic

Cooperation countries in 2012, and could be proposed to

the WTO. A precedent exists with trade in personal

computers and other information-technology products. It

was expanded from a voluntary agreement to reduce tariffs,

signed up to by most major industrial countries, and

adopted by the WTO in 1997.

Private finance must also play a part. The Kyoto-process

negotiators have so far considered that financing for

climate-related initiatives should come from tax-based

public finance rather than from private or even

government-backed development banks. This emphasis

needs to change. Green bonds lower the costs of capital

and facilitate the scaling up of investments. One example is

the $500-million bond issued by the Export-Import Bank of

Korea last year allocated exclusively to finance green

projects around the world.

China is leading the way. By placing the emphasis on

production scale and market growth, it is contributing more

than any other country to a climate-change solution. Its

build-up of renewable-energy systems at serious scale is

driving cost reductions that will make water, wind and solar

power accessible to all

11

AustraliaChina Friendship Society

澳中友好協会澳中友好協会澳中友好協会澳中友好協会 NSW INC.

Invites you to join our ACFS Essence of North India Tourto experience the incredible India on the 17 nights 18

days tour toDelhi, Amritsar, Varanasi, Khajuraho, Agra, Jaipur, Nimaj, Jodhpur, Udaipur, and Mumbai. We have been able to obtain for members and friends this specially priced tour, organised by

CHINA TRAVEL SERVICE (AUST.) PTY. LTD. (Licence No. 2TA001849) The tour will depart from Sydney on 19 January2015and arrive back in Sydney on 05 February2015.Please complete the attached booking form and return to Ms Amy Rae, China Travel Service (Aust) Pty. Ltd Sydney Office, Level 1, Suite 3 -7, 650 George Street, Sydney 2000 as soon as possible to secure your place on this fabulous tour.

Please make cheque deposit of $850 payable to CHINA TRAVEL SERVICE

The balance of the tour costs is payable by 30 November2014and a meeting of tour members will be held about two weeks prior to departure. Travel Insurance is essential. CTS (Amy Rae Tel: 02 9372 0081) can arrange it at special

minimal cost or you can make your own arrangement. Book as soon as possible

DON’T MISS OUT!!

Tour Leader is Mrs. Margaret Kelly, NSW PresidentTel/Fax:(02) 9810 4298 Mob 0488913133 Email:mjyk@bigpond.com

Tour price: $6380 per person twin share

Single Supplement: $1650.per person

Price includes

International flights with Thai Airways & domestic flights with Air India Airport taxes and fuel surcharges Domestic flights and domestic airport tax 5 star Western style & 4 star Heritage style accommodations and all meals Transport by road in private air-conditioned vehicles , train & ferry travel English speaking guide throughout Porterage 1 piece per person is included at hotels where available India visa- single entry All tipping Price excludes

Travel Insurance Personal expense

Price excludes

Travel Insurance Personal expense If undeliverable return to: ACFS NSW Inc. Suite 524 368 Sussex Street SYDNEY NSW 2000

PP No 235387/00014

The Australia-China Friendship Society is a non-profit organisation, run completely by volunteers. It was founded in the early 1950s to promote friendship and understanding between the peoples of Australia and China.

In keeping with that objective we engage in the following activities:

� We hold regular meetings each month at which we hear speakers who have expert knowledge about China. � We organise tours to China and other countries, at the lowest possible cost. � We host delegations from China. � We conduct classes in the Chinese language and organise language, painting, cultural and other specialist tours

in China. � We organise excursions and social occasions for members and friends. � We raise money to support the education of disadvantaged children in China’s poorer areas.

Membership is open to anyone who supports our aim of promoting friendship and understanding between Australians and Chinese.

DISCLAIMER: The views expressed in articles published in the Bulletin are not necessarily those of the ACFS.

Australia-China Friendship Society NSW Membership Application Form

To renew your membership or to join, please complete this slip and send it in with your cheque or postal order. Donations welcome!

$30 Individual member

$35 Family

$25 Concession (pension/student)

Donation $________________

Post to the Secretary, ACFS, Suite 524, 5th floor, Pacific Trade Centre, 368 Sussex Street, SYDNEY, NSW 2000

Direct Deposit: Commonwealth Bank BSB number 062 099; Account Number 1021 3918 – Please make sure you indicate your name!

(Please PRINT!) Mr/Mrs/Ms…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Address …………………………………………………………………………………………..……....Postcode…………… Telephone……………………..……..………Email………………………….………………..….……Date……………….…

□ Renewal □ New Member Membership entitles you to monthly Bulletin.

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