Hazardous

Materials

Emergency Response

Training

The Dynamic Tendencies of

Physical and ChemicalProperties

Presented By: HMERTBrian Ramsey

Visual EducationIncreased Awareness of Hazardous MaterialsDeath by POWER POINTIncreased Knowledge of Chemistry and Toxicology

(What we really need to know to be SAFE!)Risk Based ResponseHome Safety

PlusThis Stuff is REALLY COOL!

Why Demonstrate

Hazmat Technicians / Specialist’s

Chemical Facilities

Process Safety Engineers

Municipal Fire Departments

Safety Professionals

Target Audience

Huge blaze erupts at Oklahoma chemical plant following container explosions

Williams Olefins Plant Explosion and Fire

Veolia Environmental Services Flammable Vapor Explosion and Fire

Barton Solvents Flammable Liquid Explosion and FireSynthron Chemical

Explosion Pictures

Courtesy of CSB

Physical & Chemical PropertiesSignificant in Assessing Hazards and Managing Risk;• Will it Hurt Me? How?• IDLH, TWA /PEL values

Identifying your “TARGET”• Qualitative / Quantitative Analysis Using Instrumentation.

Necessary for proper PPE selection

Physical / Chemical PropertiesPhysical Properties: Observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Physical properties are used to observe or describe matter.

Chemical Properties: Describe how substances have the ability to undergo reactions and form new substances.

Essential Knowledge for Dealing with

Hazardous Materials

CHEMICAL PROPERTIESFLASH POINTFire PointFlammable LimitsAuto Ignition TemperatureToxicityStabilityReactivityIonization Potential

Minimum temperature that a substance gives off vapors sufficient to burn in the presence of an ignition

source Minimum temperature that a substance will continue to burn in the absence of ignition

source

Explosive range or LEL / UEL

Temperature at which a substance will spontaneously ignite with out the

presence of an ignition source

PHYSICAL PROPERTIESSOLID / LIQUID / GASBoiling PointVapor PressureVolatilitySpecific GravityVapor DensitySolubility

Fuel State of Matter

Temperature at which the pressure of the vapors = atmospheric pressure

Molecules escaping from liquid or solid

How readily a substance vaporizes. Substances that vaporize at room

temperature are considered to be VolatileRelationship of substance to

water

Relationship of substance to Air

Ability of Solute to dissolve in solvent

Flammable Liquids Physical Relationships

Low Low

High

BPFP HO

IT VC VP BP FPHOIT VC

VP

Physical & Chemical Properties

Material Flash Point

Ignition Temperature

Lower % by Volume

in Air

Upper % by volume

in Air

Specific Gravity (W)

= 1.0

Vapor Density

(A) = 1.0

Water Soluble

Boiling Point

Acetone 0F 869F 2.1 12.8 0.79 2.1 Miscible 132FMethanol 52F 867F 6 36 0.79 1.1 Miscible 52F

Isopropanol 53 750F 2 12.7 0.79 2.07 Miscible 181FEthyl Alcohol 55F 685F 3.3 19 0.79 1.58 Miscible 173F

Heptane 25F 399F 1.1 7 0.68 3.5 Insoluble 208FToluene 40F 896F 1.1 7.1 0.87 3.17 Insoluble 232F

Ethyl Ether -49 356F 1.9 36 0.71 2.55 8% 94F

EXP Propylene 260 851F 2.4 10.3 NA 1.45 0.05% -53.8Propane 270 842F 2.1 9.5 NA 1.5 0.01% -44Hydrogen 800 752F 3 75 NA 0.1 <5% -422Acetylene NA 571F 2.5 100 NA 0.91 Moderate -119

Simple Hazard Analysis / Risk Assessment

Simple Hazard Analysis / Risk Assessment

Simple Hazard Analysis / Risk Assessment

Physical / Chemical Properties“Hazmat Response Constants”Air= 14.7 Psi / 760 mmHg• 29 AMUWater= 8.34 lbs/gal1% = 10,000 ppmBranching: Lowers Boiling PointsMaterials must be @ Flash Point to burn, given a ignition source is present.Polar Solvents “OH” Mix with waterTemperature always affects Pressure

Physical StateFlash PointBoiling PointVapor PressureVapor DensitySpecific GravitySolubility Polar /vs/ Non-PolarLower Explosive Limit // Upper Explosive LimitSurface Area / vs / Reaction RateStatic ElectricityStoichiometric ReactionsExpansion Ratio

Todays Demonstrations

DYNAMIC TENDANCIES OFHazardous Materials

WARNING STATEMENT!The demonstrations you are about to see, have been laboratory tested, and performed through research and development methods. It is strongly recommended that you do not attempt to try this yourself. These are hazardous materials, and they can pose serious harm and even death if not treated with respect!

Please Ask Questions!

Please Participate!

Enjoy The Show