†gwW‡Kj eR© e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwk¶Y gwWDj

wgRvbyi ingvb i“ûj Bmjvg Lvb bvwmgv Av³vi

A‡±vei 2005

M‡elYv I g~j¨vqb wefvM, eª vK eª vK †m›Uvi, 75 gnvLvjx, XvKv 1212, evsjv‡`k

B-†gBj: research@brac.net, d¨v·: 880-2-8823542, 8823614 †dvb: 9881265, 8824051, 8824180-87

mn‡hvwMZvq: Bbw÷wUDkb GÛ cwjwm mv‡cvU© BDwbU, cwi‡ek I eb gš ¿Yvjq

we —vwiZ Z‡_¨i Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b: nasima.a@brac.net, mr_ny2003@yahoo.com

1

Training Module on Medical Waste Management Mizanur Rahman, Ruhul Islam Khan and Nasima Akter

Abstract

The objective of this vernacular training module on medical waste management

(MWM) was to provide training to the healthcare service providers i.e. doctors, nurses,

laboratory technicians, waste handlers, cleaners, municipal staff related to medical

waste collection and disposal, healthcare personnel, officials and professionals of

government and non-government organizations who are providing services in the

health sector. The module was prepared and finalized based on MWM manual, focus

group discussion, workshop and training conducted at Rajshahi City Corporation area.

This module was prepared during July − October 2005 for a day-long training course.

However, considering the different level of participants course duration could be

extended for more then two or three days. The main topics covered in the module are a)

concept of medical waste/hospital waste; b) classification; c) risk related with medical

waste; d) existing situation of MWM in Bangladesh; and e) appropriate MWM. This

module was used during the training to develop a 15-member core trainer group.

2

mgqKvj: 01 (GK) w`b hv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨

• †gwW‡Kj Awdmvi • ÷vd bvm©/bvm© • c¨viv‡gwWKm • IqvW© gv÷vi • wK¬bvi • nvmcvZvj mnvqKKgx©e„›` cÖwk¶‡Yi g~j welqmg~n

• nvmcvZvj e‡R© i aviYv • nvmcvZvj e‡R© i †kªYxwefvM • nvmcvZvj e‡R© i ¶wZKi cÖfve • evsjv‡`‡k nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbvi eZ©gvb wPÎ • mwVKfv‡e nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbv cÖÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨

G cÖÖwk¶Y †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

• nvmcvZvj eR © m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb • nvmcvZvj e‡R© i ¶wZKi w`Kmg~n we‡k−lY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb • nvmcvZvj e‡R© i Drm I †kªYxwefvM ej‡Z cvi‡eb • nvmcvZvj e‡R© i h_vh_ e¨e¯’vcbvi ¸i“Z¡ ej‡Z cvi‡eb • nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K DrmvwiZ RxevYyNwUZ `~lY Ges cwi‡ekMZ wech©q I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v

Ki‡Z cvi‡eb • mwVKfv‡e nvmcvZvj e‡R© i e¨e¯’vcbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb cÖwk¶Y c×wZ

• e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv • KvVv‡gvMZ AwfÁZv • cÖ k©b I Av‡jvPbv • ¯−vBW †kv • Abykxjb DcKiY

• †cv÷vi gvK©vi • n¨vÛ AvDU • w÷Kvi • gvwëwgwWqv • IGBPwc • PvU© • j¨vcUc/†W¯‹Uc Kw¤úDUvi

3

gwWD‡j Av‡jvwPZ welqe ‘ mg~n:

1.0 cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wPi m~Pbv

1.1 Af¨_©bv Ávcb 1.2 cwiPq ce© 1.3 cÖwk¶Y cUf~wg I cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbv 1.4 wcÖ-†U÷

2.0 nvmcvZvj eR©

2.1 eR© wK? 2.2 nvmcvZvj eR© wK? 2.3 cÖv_wgK aviYv 2.4 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i Drcw˯’j

3.0 nvmcvZvj e†R© i ‡kªYx wefvM

3.1 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cÖKvi 3.2 mvaviY eR©

3.2.1 cybt e¨envi‡hvM¨ eR© 3.2.2 cybt cÖwµqvKiY eR© 3.2.3 SuywKc~Y© eR© 3.2.4 nvmcvZv‡ji SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i Dcv`vb

4.0 SzuuwKc~Y© eR© I SuywKmg~n

4.1 SuywKc~Y© eR© 4.2 msµvgK eR© 4.3 c¨v_jwRK¨vj eR© 4.4 dvigvwmDwUK¨vj eR© ev Ilya m¤úK©xq eR© 4.5 ivmvqwbK eR© 4.6 †iwWIA¨vKwUf/†ZRw¯Œq eR© 4.7 D”PPv‡ci cvÎmg~n

5.0 nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K wKfv‡e †ivMe¨vwa msµwgZ n‡Z cv‡i

5.1 wKfv‡e †ivMe¨vwa msµwgZ n‡Z cv‡i 5.2 †ncvUvBwUm we fvBiv‡mi msµgY (Av‡gwiKv) 5.3 GBPAvBwf/GBWm msµgY (Av‡gwiKv)

6.0 evsjv‡`‡k nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbvi eZ©gvb wPÎ

6.1 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cwi‡ekMZ I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve 6.2 nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K †ivM RxevYy Qov‡bvi c_ 6.3 SzuwKc~Y© †kªYx

4

7.0 myôz nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbv

7.1 myôz Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e¯’vcbv 7.2 eR© c„_KxKiY I mvgwqK msi¶Y 7.3 eR© Kg Drcv`b I cybtcÖwµqvRvZKiY 7.4 Af¨š—ixY eR© cwienY I †K›`ªxq gqjv msi¶Y 7.5 cv‡Îi Mv‡qi eY© Abymv‡i nvmcvZvj eR© c„_KxKiY I eR© msi¶Y 7.6 nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvq mswk−ó‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

8.0 mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx

7.7 mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx 7.8 wbWj, b‡Rj I c−vw÷K mvgMÖx KvUv/fv½vi wbqg 7.9 web/evjwZ wPwýZKiY Ges cwjw_b I wPý/bgybv wPÎ? 7.10 RxevYybvkK `ªeY

9.0 mgvwß Awa‡ekb

9.1 †cv÷ †U÷ 9.2 cÖwk¶Y mgvwß Awa‡ekb

5

w`emwfwËK Kg©m~wP mgq welqe ‘

cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wPi m~Pbv Af¨_©bv Ávcb cwiPqce© cÖwk¶Y cUf‚wg e¨vL¨v I cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨

09.00-09.30

wcÖ-†Uó eR¨© wK nvmcvZvj eR© wK? cÖv_wgK aviYv

09.30-09.40

nvmcvZvj e‡R© i Drcw˯’j nvmcvZvj e‡R ©i cÖKvi mvaviY eR© cybt e¨envi‡hvM¨ eR© cybt cÖwµqvKiY †hvM¨ eR© SuywKc~Y© eR© nvmcvZv‡ji SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i Dcv`vb

09.40-10.20

nvmcvZv‡ji wewfbœ As‡k ˆZwi e‡R© i cÖKvi SuywKc~Y© eR© msµvgK eR© c¨v_jwRK¨vj eR© avivj eR© dvg©vwmDwUK¨vj eR© ev Ilya m¤úK©xq eR© ivmvqwbK eR© †iwWIA¨vKwUf eR© /†ZRw¯Œq eR©

10.20-10.50

D”PPv‡ci cvÎmg~n nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K wKfv‡e †ivMe¨vwa Qov‡Z cv‡i †ncvUvBwUm we fvBiv‡mi msµgY Av‡gwiKv

10.50-11.00

GBPAvBwf/GBWm msµgY (Av‡gwiKv) 11.00-11.15 weiwZ

evsjv‡`‡ki nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi eZ©gvb wPÎ nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cwi‡ekMZ I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K †ivM RxevYy Qov‡bvi c_ SuywKc~Y© †kªYx myôz Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e¯’vcbv

11.15-11.45

eR© c„_KxKiY I mvgwqK msi¶Y eR© Drcv`b n«vm, eR© cwienY I †K›`ªxq gqjv msi¶Y cv‡Îi Mv‡qi eY© Abymv‡i nvmcvZv‡j eR© c„_KxKiY I eR© msi¶Y

11.45-02.45 ga¨vý weiwZ mn

nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvq mswk−ó‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx wbWj, b‡Rj I c−vw÷K mvgMÖx KvUv/fv½vi wbqg web/evjwZ wPwýZKiY Ges cwjw_b I wPý/bgybv wPÎ

02.45-03.30

RxevYybvkK `ªeY mgvwß Awa‡ekb †cv÷ †U÷

03.30-04.00

cÖwk¶Y mgvwß Awa‡ekb

6

cvV wk‡ivbvg 1.0: cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wPi m~Pbv

cvV: welqe¯‘

1.1 Af¨_©bv Ávcb 1.2 cwiPq ce© 1.3 cÖwk¶Y cUf~wg I cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ 1.4 wcÖ-†U÷

D‡Ïk¨

- cÖwk¶K I cÖwk¶Yv_©x/AskMÖnYKvixMY ci¯úi ï‡f”Qv wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges cÖwk¶‡Yi bvg ej‡Z cvi‡eb

- cÖwk¶K I cÖwk¶Yv_©xMY G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ cwiwPZ n‡eb - cÖwk¶Yv_©xiv cÖwk¶‡Yi cUf~wg I D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - cÖwk¶Yv_x©iv cÖwk¶‡Yi g~j welqe¯‘i Dci cÖkœcÎ c~iY Ki‡eb

mgq : 30 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW, gvwëwgwWqv I cÖkœcÎ cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 1.1 Af¨_©bv Ávcb

cÖwk¶K mKj AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ `„wó wewbgq K‡i mvjvg I ï‡f”Qv wewbgq Ki‡eb| gvwëwgwWqv Ab K‡i cÖwk¶‡Yi wk‡ivbvg m¤wjZ ¯−vBW-K I L cÖ k©b Ki‡eb| cÖwk¶‡Yi wk‡ivbvg ej‡eb Ges nvwmLywk cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i AvR‡Ki cÖwk¶‡Yi mgqm~wP e‡j w`‡eb |

¯−vBW K I L 1.2 cwiPqce©

cÖwk¶K wb‡Ri cwiPq w`‡q cwiPq ce© ïi“ Ki‡eb| cwiPqc‡e© cªwk¶K hv hv ej‡eb bvg c`ex cÖwZôv‡bi bvg PvKzwii eqm GjvKv

cÖwk¶K wb‡Ri cwiPq w`‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡`i GKBfv‡e cwiPq †`qi Rb¨ Avnevb Ki‡eb Ges mevi cwiPq †`qv †kl n‡j mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q cieZx© cvV ïi“ Ki‡eb| mgq I cwiw¯’wZ we‡ePbv K‡i cÖwk¶K Ab¨ †h †Kvb c×wZ‡Z cwiPq ce© †mkbwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

7

1.3 cÖwk¶Y cUf~wg I cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨

cÖwk¶K GB gwWD‡ji f~wgKv Aej¤‡b cÖwk¶‡Yi cUfywg e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb| Gici cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ m¤wjZ ¯−vBW/†cv÷vÍ cÖ k©b K‡i cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb| mnvqK D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨vi ci ej‡eb − Avgiv GB cÖwk¶Y †_‡K Av‡jvwPZ D‡Ïk¨¸wj AR©b Kivi †Póv Ki‡ev G wel‡q cÖwk¶bv_x©‡`i m¤§wZ †b‡eb Ges ej‡eb AvR‡Ki cÖwk¶Y †_‡K D³ D‡Ïk¨¸‡jv AR©b Kivi Rb¨ ci¯úi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e A_v©r K¬vmi“‡g Av‡jvPbvi cÖwZ mevi gb‡hvM _vKv ,†Kvb wKQz bv eyS‡j cÖkœ Ki‡eb Ges cieZx© cv‡Vi cÖwZ mevi `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡eb |

¯−vBW M 1.4 wcÖ-†U÷

mnvqK c~e©cv‡Vi Av‡jvPbvi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L mevB‡K GKwU cÖkœcÎ c~i‡Yi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡eb ev Aby‡iva Ki‡eb | mnvqK mevi D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡eb GB cÖkœcÎ c~i‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv †h Avgiv GB cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ m¤‡Ü KZUzKz Rvwb †m e¨vcv‡i cÖv_wgK aviYv¸‡jv †R‡b †bqv Ges AvR‡Ki cÖwk¶‡Yi Av‡jvPbvi ci GB cÖkœcÎ c~bivq c~iY Kie| G †_‡K GKUv cwigvc Kiv hv‡e †hAvgiv cÖwk¶YwU KZUzKz MÖnY Ki‡Z cvijvg| G‡Z eySv hv‡e †h GB wel‡q Avgv‡`i AviI cÖwk¶‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q wKbv| cÖwk¶K mKj AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ cÖkœcÎ weZiY Ki‡eb Ges mgq e‡j †`‡eb| mnvqK wbw`©ó mgq †k‡l cÖwk¶Yv_x©‡`i KvQ †_‡K c~iYK…Z cÖkœcθ‡jv msMÖn Ki‡eb Ges mKj‡K cÖkœcÎ c~iY Kivi Rb¨ ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q GBce© †kl Ki‡eb Ges cieZx© cv‡Vi ïi“ Ki‡eb|

(cÖkœcÎ-wcÖ‡Uó n¨vÛAvDU 1)

we: ª: wcÖ‡Uó I †cvó †U‡ói Rb¨ cÖvß GKB ai‡bi cÖkœcÎ e¨eüZ n‡e| GB gwWqy ‡ji mv‡_ bgybv cÖkœcÎ (n¨vÛ AvDU 1 I 2) †`qv n‡jv| mnvqKe„›` cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ wgj †i‡L Ab¨ cÖkœcÎI ˆZix K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib|

8

cvV wk‡ivbvg 2.0: nvmcvZvj eR© cvV: welqe¯‘

2.1 eR© Kx? 2.2 nvmcvZvj eR© Kx? 2.3 cÖv_wgK aviYv 2.4 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i Drcw˯’j

D‡Ïk¨: AskMÖnYKvixMY

- eR© Kx ej‡Z cvi‡eb? - nvmcvZvj eR© Kx ej‡Z cvi‡eb? - nvmcvZvj e‡R© i AcKvixZv m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb? - nvmcvZvj e‡R© i Drcw˯’j wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb?

mgq : 10 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW, †cv÷vi I gvwëwgwWqv cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 2.1 eR© Kx?

- mnvqK eR© wK ¯−vBW/†cv÷vi cÖ k©b K‡i AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K GB msÁvi e¨vL¨v Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb|

- AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i mnvqK e‡R© i msÁvi e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb (¯−vBW-1 I 2)

2.2 nvmcvZvj eR© Kx?

- mnvqK c~e© Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i ÒnvmcvZvj eR© wK?Ó Gi ¯−vBW/†cv÷vi cÖ k©b K‡i nvmcvZvj e‡R© i msÁv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-3) 2.3 cÖv_wgK aviYv

- Gevi nvmcvZvj eR© m¤úwK©Z ÒcÖv_wgK aviYvÓ −vB‡W cÖ k©b K‡i ¯−vB‡Wi welqe ‘ ‡jv e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb Ges AskMÖnYKvix‡`i m¤§wZ Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb|

(¯−vBW-4) 2.4 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i Drcw˯’j

- mnvqK nvmcvZvj e‡R© i Drcw˯’j ¯−vBW-5-G cÖ k©b K‡i Ges Zv we‡k−lY K‡i nvmcvZvj eR© wK GB c‡e©i mgvwß †U‡b cieZ©x cv‡Vi w`‡K hv‡eb| (¯−vBW-5)

9

cvV wk‡ivbvg 3.0: nvmcvZvj e‡R© I †kªYxwefvM cvV: welqe¯‘

3.1 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cÖKvi 3.2 mvaviY eR© 3.3 cybt e¨envi‡hvM¨ eR© 3.4 cybt cÖwµqvKiY eR© 3.5 SuywKc~Y© eR© 3.6 nvmcvZv‡ji SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i Dcv`vb 3.7 nvmcvZv‡ji wewfbœ As‡k ˆZwi e‡R© i cÖKvi

cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨: GB cvV †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

- nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ e‡R© i aib wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - wewfbœ ai‡bi Drcbœ e‡R© i cwigvY ej‡Z cvi‡eb - nvmcvZvj e‡R© wgwkªZ _vKv ¶wZKi Dcv`vb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb - nvmcvZv‡ji †Kvb As‡k †Kvb ai‡bi eR© Drcbœ nq Zv wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb

mgq : 30 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW, †cv÷vi I gvwëwgwWqv cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 3.1 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cÖKvi

- mnvqK ÒnvmcvZvj e‡R© i cÖKviÓ-Gi ¯−vBW-6 cÖ k©b K‡i nvmcvZv‡j KZ ai‡bi eR© Drcbœ nq Ges †m¸‡jv‡K †Kvb †kªYx‡Z †djv hvq Zvi e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb

- AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K †R‡b †b‡eb †Kvb ai‡bi gqjv †ewk Drcbœ nq| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gš—‡e¨i m~Î a‡i cieZ©x cv‡Vi Av‡jvPbv ïi“ Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-6) 3.2 mvaviY eR©

- mnvqK nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ mvaviY eR© wK wK n‡Z cv‡i Ges AvbygvwbK Zvi cwigvY KZ n‡e G wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb

- mnvqK mvaviY eR© ¯−vBW-7 I 8 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| (¯−vBW-7-8)

3.3 cybte¨envi‡hvM¨ mvgMÖx

- c~e© cvV AbymiY K‡i GKBfv‡e cybte¨envi‡hvM¨ eR© wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| - A_©vr †h mg — mvgMÖx RxevYygy³ K‡i evi evi e¨envi Kiv hv‡e

(¯−vBW-9) 3.4 cybtcÖwµqvKiY-‡hvM¨ eR©

- cÖwk¶K AskMÖnYKvix‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ cybte¨envi I cybtcÖwµqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb Ges AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvg‡Zi m~Î a‡i cybte¨envi‡hvM¨ eR© /Dcv`vb I cybtcÖwµqvKiY‡hvM¨ e‡R© i aib wb‡q we‡k−lYvZ¡K Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb

- mnvqK mevi D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡eb ÒAvgiv g‡b ivL‡ev †h, cybtcÖwµqvKiY‡hvM¨ eR© †hb cybte¨envi bv n‡Z cv‡i Zvi Rb¨ H mg — eR© †djvi c~‡e© Avgv‡`i‡K wKQz KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb: e¨eüZ wmwi‡Äi b‡Rjmn wbWj †K‡U †dj‡Z n‡e|

- GiKg AviI wKQz D`vniY cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb - †k‡l mnvqK cybte¨envi‡hvM¨ I cybtcÖwµqvKiY‡hvM¨ e‡R© i K‡qKwU D`vniY w`‡q

cvV †kl Ki‡eb| (¯−vBW 9)

10

3.5 SuywKc~Y© eR©

- mnvqK SuywKc~Y© eR© ¯−vBW-10 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv ïi“ Ki‡eb| - AskMÖnYKvix‡`i wk¶vMZ †hvM¨Zvi K_v we‡ePbv K‡i SuywKc~Y© K_vwUi cÖwZkã

e¨envi K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| - SuywKc~Y© eR© ev ¶wZKviK wK wK eR© n‡Z cv‡i Zvi K‡qKwU D`vniY Rvb‡Z

PvB‡eb| - †Kb G¸‡jv‡K SuywKc~Y© eR© ejv n‡”Q Zvi e¨vL¨v Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb - AskMÖnYKvix‡`i D`vniY I e¨vL¨vi m~Î a‡i cieZ©x cvV ïi“ Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-10, 11) 3.6 nvmcvZv‡ji SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i Dcv`vb

- mnvqK nvmcZv‡j SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i Dcv`vb Gi ¯−vBW-12 cÖ k©b K‡i welqe¯‘ Abyhvqx e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb|

- mnvqK ÔnvmcvZvj e‡R© i cÖKviÕ welqe ‘mg~n Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q we‡klfv‡e K‡qKevi D‡j−L Ki‡eb †h,

- gvÎ 10-20 fvM SuywKc~Y© eR© Avjv`v bv Kivq Avgiv 100 fvMB SuywKc~Y© eR© ˆZwi KiwQ Ges Zv cwi‡e‡k wgwk‡q w`w”Q hv †_‡K †ivMe¨vwai SuywK evwo‡q ZzjwQ A_P Avgiv hw` GB ¯í cwigvY eR© ‡K c„_K Ki‡Z cvwi Zvn‡j A‡bK †ivMe¨vwa Avgiv cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cvi‡ev| G Av‡jvPbvi Dci mevi m¤§wZ †b‡eb|

(¯−vBW-12) 3.7 nvmcvZv‡ji wewfbœ As‡k ˆZwi e‡R© i cÖKvi

- mnvqK ch©vqµ‡g ¯−vBW 13, 14 I 15 cÖ k©b K‡i nvmcvZv‡ji wewfbœ wefv‡M ev As‡k Drcvw`Z eR© wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges SuywKc~Y© eR© wb‡q we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q cieZ©x c‡e©i m~Pbv Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-13-15)

11

cvV wk‡ivbvg 4.0: SuywKc~Y© eR© I SuywKmg~n cvV: welqe¯‘

4.1 SuywKc~Y© eR© 4.2 msµvgK eR© 4.3 c¨v_jwRK¨vj eR© 4.4 avivj eR© 4.5 dvigvwmDwUK¨vj eR© ev Ilya m¤úK©xq eR© 4.6 ivmvqwbK eR© 4.7 †iwWI A¨vKwUf eR© /†ZRw¯Œq eR© 4.8 D”PPv‡ci cvÎmg~n

D‡Ïk¨: GB cvV †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

- nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ wewfbœ SuywKc~Y© eR© mg~n wbY©q Ki‡Z m¶g n‡eb - mg — eR© †_‡K SuywKc~Y© eR© mg~n Avjv`v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i Øviv m„ó ¶wZKi w`Kmg~n e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb

mgq : 30 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW, †cv÷vi I gvwëwgwWqv cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 4.1 SuywKc~Y© eR©

- mnvqK SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i msÁv, cÖKvi, ¯−vBW-10 cybt cÖ k©b K‡i msÁvwU cybt Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges wKwK eR© SzuywKc~Y© n‡Z cv‡i Ges wKfv‡e Qov‡Z cv‡i Zvi Rb¨ ¯−vBW -16 I 16.1 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges ch©vqµ‡g cÖwZwU aib wb‡q we‡k−lYvZ¥K Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-16-16.1) 4.2 msµvgK eR©

- mnvqK msµvgK eR© wK Zvi ¯−vBW-17 Ges msµvgK e‡R© i Drm ¯−vBW-17 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv ïi“ Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-17-18) 4.3 c¨v_jwRK¨vj eR©

- mnvqK c~e© Av‡jvPbvi Abymi‡Y GKBfv‡e c¨v_jwRK¨vj eR© wK Ges Drm −vBW-19 wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-19) 4.4 aviv‡jv eR©

- mnvqK aviv‡jv eR© ¯−vBW-20 wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i Gevi SuywKc~Y© GB mg — msµvgK, c¨v_jwRK¨vj I aviv‡jv eR© †_‡K †Kvb ai‡bi ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i Zv −vBW-21 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

- AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K †R‡b †b‡eb hv †`Lv hv‡”Q ev hv ejv n‡”Q Zv mwVK wKbv A_©vr Zviv GKgZ wKbv m¤§wZ Av`vq Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K †Kvb D`vniY Rvb‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| D`vniY †U‡b cieZ©x cv‡V hv‡eb|

(¯−vBW-20-21)

12

4.5 dvigvwmDwUK¨vj ev Ilya m¤úK©xq eR©

- mnvqK ¯−vBW-22 cÖ k©b K‡i Ilya ev dvigvwmDwUK¨vj m¤úK©xq eR© wK Ges Drm m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb

( −vBW-22)

4.6 ivmvqwbK eR©

- c~e© Av‡jvPbvi gZB ¯−vBW-23 I 24 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb - Gevi ch©vqµ‡g ¯−vBW-25-26 I 27 cÖ k©b K‡i dvigvwmDwUK¨vj I ivmvqwbK

e‡R© i ¶wZKviK w`Kmg~n wb‡q e¨vL¨vg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| (¯−vBW-23-27)

4.7 †ZRw¯Œq eR© ev †iwWI A¨vKwUf eR©

- mnvqK c~e© cvVmg~‡ni Av‡jvPbvi gZB ¯−vBW-28-29 I 30 cÖ k©b K‡i †ZRw¯Œq e‡R© i msÁv, Drm I SuywK wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb

( −vBW-28-30)

4.8 D”PPv‡ci cvÎmg~n

- Gevi mnvqK ¯−vBW-31 cÖ k©b K‡i D”PPv‡ci cvÎmg~n wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| (¯−vBW-31)

13

cvV wk‡ivbvg 5.0: nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K wKfv‡e †ivMe¨vwa msµwgZ n‡Z cv‡i

cvV: welqe¯‘

5.1 wKfv‡e †ivMe¨vwa msµwgZ n‡Z cv‡i

- m~uPv‡jv e¯‘i AvNv‡Zi gva¨‡g - †kvl‡Yi gva¨‡g - ¶Z w`‡q ¯ú‡k©i gva¨‡g - kix‡ii big As‡ki gva¨‡g - k¦vmcÖk¦v‡mi gva¨‡g - Lv`¨MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g

5.2 †ncvUvBwUm we fvBiv‡mi msµgY (Av‡gwiKv)

5.3 GBPAvBwf/GBWm msµgY (Av‡gwiKv)

D‡Ïk¨: GB cvV †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

- nvmcvZv‡ji SuywKc~Y© eR© †_‡K wKfv‡e †ivMe¨vwa‡Z Avµvš— nq Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb

- wewfbœ †`‡k nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K †ivMe¨vwa‡Z Avµvš—‡`i m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb mgq : 15 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW, †cv÷vi I gvwëwgwWqv cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 5.1 wKfv‡e †ivMe¨vwa msµwgZ n‡Z cv‡i

- mnvqK h_vµ‡g −vBW-16 cÖ k©b K‡i c~e© Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i Avgv‡`i kix‡i ev Ab¨vb¨ RxeRš‘i gv‡S †Kvb †Kvb gva¨‡g nvmcvZvj e‡R© i ms¯ú‡k© †ivMe¨vwa Qov‡Z cv‡i Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-16) 5.2 †ncvUvBwUm we fvBiv‡mi msµgY (Av‡gwiKv)

- mnvqK Gevi Av‡gwiKvi nvmcvZvj Kg©x‡`i Avµvš— nIqvi WvUv m¤wjZ ¯−vBW-32 I 33 cÖ k©b K‡i e¨vL¨vg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-32-33)

14

5.3 GBPAvBwf/GBWm msµgY

- mnvqK c~e©cv‡Vi Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i ¯−vBW-33 cÖ k©b K‡i GKBfv‡e e¨vL¨g~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb G ai‡bi †Kvb D`vniY Kv‡iv Rvbv Av‡Q wKbv|

- mnvqK G msµvš— Ab¨vb¨ Z_¨ Rvbv _vK‡j we‡kl K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki hw` †Kvb Z_¨ _v‡K Z‡e Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

- GB cvV †k‡l mnvqK AvR‡Ki †mk‡bi c~‡e©i cvVmg~n †_‡K ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welqmg~n Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges ej‡eb|

- Avgiv Zvn‡j wK Ki‡Z cvwi - eZ©gvb eR© e¨e¯’vcbv †hfv‡e Pj‡Q †mfv‡eB wK Pj‡e - AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvgZ wb‡q cÖwk¶K cÖkœ Ki‡eb - Avgiv wK Ki‡Z cvwi - mnvqK mwVKev‡e eR© e¨e ’vcbvi Dci ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc K‡i Ges cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv

mwVKfv‡e eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi n‡e, e‡j cv‡Vi mgvwß Uvb‡eb (¯−vBW-33)

15

cvV wk‡ivbvg 6.0: evsjv‡`‡k nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi eZ©gvb wPÎ cvV: welqe¯‘

6.1 evsjv‡`‡ki nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v 6.2 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cwi‡ekMZ I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve 6.3 nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K †ivM RxevYy Qov‡bvi c_ 6.4 SuywKc~Y© †kªYx

cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨: GB cvV †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY - evsjv‡`‡ki nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cwi‡ekMZ I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb - nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K †ivM RxevYy Qov‡bvi c_mg~n wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - SuywKc~Y© †kªYxmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb mgq : 30 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW, †cv÷vi I gvwëwgwWqv cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 6.1 evsjv‡`‡ki nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbvi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

- mnvqK cÖ_‡gB −vBW-34 cÖ k©b K‡i ej‡eb Avgiv wP‡Î hv †`‡LwQ Zv GKwU we‡`kx nvmcvZv‡ji eR© e¨e ’vcbvi wPÎ Ges G‡K G‡K Qwe¸‡jv we‡k−lY K‡i eywS‡q †`‡eb|

- cieZ©x‡Z ej‡eb Avgv‡`i Ae¯’v wK GB wP‡Îi gZ - AskMÖnYKvixM‡Yi gZvgZ wb‡q cieZ©x ¯−vBW-35 cÖ k©b K‡i Avgv‡`i eZ©gvb

eR© e¨e ’vcbvi Ae¯’v wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| c~e© Av‡jvPbvi mv‡_ wgwj‡q cieZ©x ¯−vBW-36 cÖ k©b K‡i e¨vL¨vg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki“b - Avgiv GB `„k¨ Avgv‡`i Av‡kcv‡kB †`wL wKbv - GLvbKvi me gqjvB SuywKc~Y© wKbv - G¸‡jv GLvb †_‡K wKfv‡e Avevi Avgv‡`i N‡i P‡j Avm‡Q Zvi ev —em¤§Z D`vniY w`‡q cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv ïi“ Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-34-36) 6.2 nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cwi‡ekMZ I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve

- mnvqK c~e© Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i ej‡eb - nvmcvZvj e‡R© i ¶wZKviK cÖfv‡e Avgv‡`i Dci Ges cwi‡e‡ki Ab¨vb¨ Dcv`v‡bi Dci †Kvb ai‡bi weiƒc cÖfve co‡Q| Zvi wKQz D`vniY w`b Ges ¯−vBW-37 - 38 cÖ k©b K‡i e¨vL¨vg~jK Av‡jvPbv K‡i cieZ©x cvV ïi“ Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-37-38)

16

6.3 nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K †ivMRxevYy Qov‡bvi c_

- c~e© cv‡Vi m~Î wgwj‡q ¯−vBW-39 cÖ k©b K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb wKfv‡e nvmcvZvj I Zvi eR© †_‡K †ivMRxevYy Qwo‡q hv‡”Q|

- mnvqK cÖwZ welq ev —e D`vniY w`‡q e¨vL¨v Ki‡eb| †hgb gvwU †_‡K wKfv‡e Lvevi Ges Lvevi †_‡K wKfv‡e gvbe‡`‡n ¶wZKviK c`v_© Qwo‡q hv‡”Q Z‡e D`vniY w`‡Z wM‡q ej‡eb wWwWwU GKmgq KxUbvkK wn‡m‡e dm‡ji †¶‡Z e¨eüZ n‡Zv GLb Zv wbwl× GB wWwWwU gvwU †_‡K km¨ `vbvi gva¨‡g gvbe‡`‡ni i‡³ Ae¯’vb wb‡Z cv‡i Ges hv Avgv‡`i kix‡ii fqven ¶wZmvab Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv eskci¤úivq †_‡K †h‡Z cv‡i- †hgb GK y‡ai wkïi Amy ’Zvi Rb¨ cix¶v Ki‡Z wM‡q Zvi i‡³ wWwWwU cvIqv †M‡j M‡elYv K‡i †`Lv †Mj †h, GB wWwWwU gv‡qi `ya †_‡K G‡m‡Q-gv‡qi `y‡a G‡m‡Q gv‡qi i³ †_‡K Ges gv‡qi i‡³ G‡m‡Q wWwWwUhy&³ km¨`vbv LvIqvi Rb¨ A_©vr nvmcvZvj e‡R© i g‡a¨I Ggb `~wlZ c`v_© _v‡K hv RxeRM‡Zi cÖwZwU cÖv‡Yi Rb¨B ¶wZKi n‡Z cv‡i|

( −vBW-39) 6.4 SuywKc~Y© `j

- c~e© Av‡jvPbvi mv‡_ wgwj‡q cÖwk¶K ei‡eb - nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K Kviv †ewk SuywKc~Y© - mnvqK mK‡ji gZvgZ wb‡q ¯−vBW-40, 41 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb †h Gme Z‡_¨i hyw³ Av‡Q wKbv ev wVK Av‡Q wKbv

- mnvqK cwi‡k‡l mevB‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i ej‡eb, Avgiv G mKj SuywKc~Y© Ae¯’v †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z cvwi| Avi Zvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i‡K Aek¨B nvmcvZv‡ji eR©¨ e¨e ’vcbvi cÖwZ h‡_ó ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

- GKwU myôy eR© e¨e ’vcbv c×wZ M‡o Zzj‡Z cvi‡jB ZLb nvmcvZvj eR© Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Awfkvc bv n‡q m¤ú` wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|

- GB Av‡jvPbv †k‡l mevB‡K myôyfv‡e nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q cieZ©x cvV ïi“ Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-40-41)

17

cvV wk‡ivbvg 7.0: myôz nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbv

cvV: welqe¯‘

7.1 myôz Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e ’vcbv 7.2 eR© c„_KxKiY I mvgwqK msi¶Y 7.3 eR© Kg Drcv`b I cybtcÖwµqvRvZKiY 7.4 Af¨š—ixY eR© cwienY I †K›`ªxq gqjv msi¶Y 7.5 cv‡Îi Mv‡qi eY© Abymv‡i nvmcvZvj eR© c„_KxKiY I eR© msi¶Y 7.6 nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvq mswk−ó‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨: GB cvV †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

- myôyfv‡e Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e ’vcbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - eR© e¨e ’vcbvq KiYxq¸‡jv wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - nvmcvZv‡j eR© e¨e ’vcbvi Rb¨ e¨eüZ wewfbœ cvÎ wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges wewfbœ is‡qi cvθ‡jvi g‡a¨ †_‡K mwVK cv‡Î mwVK eR© msi¶‡Yi wbqg ej‡Z cvi‡eb

mgq : 120 wgwbU (2 N›Uv) c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW, †cv÷vi I gvwëwgwWqv, †cv÷vi, gvK©vi, n¨vÛAvDU, B‡Rj †evW©/e− vK‡evW©/†evW© gvK©vi cÖwµqv

cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 7.1 myôy Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e ’vcbv

- mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖkœ Ki“b - e¨e ’vcbv ej‡Z wK eySvq - AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvg‡Zi mv‡_ wgwj‡q ejyb, e¨e ’vcbv gv‡b †Kvb KvR ¸wQ‡q

wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e AweiZ K‡i hvIqv †hgb, Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z Avgiv cÖwZwbqZ KiwQ, ivbœvevbœvi e¨e¯’vcbv, wkï‡`i e¨e ’vcbv, gqjv AveR©bv e¨e¯’vcbv| wVK GKBfv‡e Avgiv Avgv‡`i Kg©‡¶‡Î wewfbœ ai‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv Kv‡R RwoZ| †hgb, nvmcvZv‡j Avgiv †ivMx, `k©bv_©x I wPwKrmv msµvš— e¨e¯’vcbv KiwQ Zvi mv‡_ nvmcvZvj e¨e ’vcbvI KiwQ|

Pjyb Avgiv †`wL eZ©gv‡b Avgiv wK KiwQ - mnvqK B‡Rj †evW©/e− vK‡evW© A_ev †cv÷vi e¨envi Ki‡eb - mnvqK cÖkœ Ki“b Avgv‡`i nvmcvZv‡j wK wK KvR n‡”Q, wK wK Ni Av‡Q, †Kvb

N‡i wK ai‡bi eR© Drcbœ n‡”Q eZ©gv‡b Avgiv †m¸‡jv wKfv‡e e¨e ’v KiwQ| - mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvgZ Abyhvqx †ev‡W© g¨v‡ci gZ AuvK‡eb Ges

†Kv_vq †Kvb ai‡bi gqjv Drcbœ n‡”Q Zv wjL‡eb Ges eZ©gv‡b †hev‡e e¨e ’v Kiv n‡”Q †Kvb cv‡Î KqwU cv‡Î

- KZ¶Y H cv‡Î ivL‡Q - Zvici †Kv_vq wb‡q hv‡”Q - mnvqK BZ¨vw` Z_¨¸‡jv †ev‡W© wj‡L Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb - †`Lv hv‡e †h, wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e eR© e¨e ’vcbv n‡”Q bv - mnvqK mevi D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡eb GLb †_‡K Avgiv wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e eR© e¨e ’vcbv

Ki‡ev - mnvqK Gevi ch©vqµ‡g ¯−vBW-42 †_‡K 45 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

(¯−vBW-42-45)

18

7.2 eR© c„_KxKiY I mvgwqK msi¶Y

- mnvqK ¯−vBW 46 I 47 cÖ k©b K‡i ¯−vBW wjwLZ welqe ‘ Abyhvqx Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges gv‡S gv‡S AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvgZ †b‡eb|

(¯−vBW-46-47) 7.3 eR© Kg Drcv`b I cybtcÖwµqvRvZKiY

- mnvqK c~e© cv‡Vi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L ¯−vBW 48-49 cÖ k©b K‡i e¨vL¨vg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb

(¯−vBW-48-49) 7.4 Af¨š—ixY eR© cwienY I †K› ªxq gqjv msi¶Y

- mnvqK myôz nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbv A_©vr cvV 7:1 Abymv‡i †ev‡W© †h g¨vc AuvKv n‡qwQj cybivq †mLvb †_‡K Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

- Avgiv IqvW©; †Kweb, IwU BZ¨vw`i gqjv KZ¶Y Iqv‡W©, †Kwe‡b ev IwU‡Z ivwL †Kv_v †_‡K †Kv_vq wb‡q hvB| wKfv‡e wb‡q hvB †K› ªxq †Kvb msi¶YvMvi Av‡Q wKbv BZ¨vw` wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

7.5 cv‡Îi Mv‡qi eY© Abymv‡i nvmcvZvj eR© c„_KxKiY I eR© msi¶Y

- mnvqK Gevi me AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K †QvU `‡j KvR Kivi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡eb Ges m¤§wZ †b‡eb|

- cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i 7wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb Ges `‡ji bvg wba©viY Ki‡eb| `‡ji bvg n‡e Kvj, jvj, meyR, njy I bxj, iƒcvjx I ev`vwg|

- mnvqK ¯−vBW 50 I 51 cÖ k©b Ki‡eb Ges mevi gv‡S w÷Kvi weZiY Ki‡eb| ej‡eb GLb †_‡K Avgiv GB mKj cvÎ e¨envi Ki‡ev|

- Kvj, jvj, meyR, njy I bxj, iƒcvjx I ev`vwg| - mnvqK †Kvb cv‡Î †Kvb eR© †dj‡Z n‡e Zvi GKwU we‡k−lYg~jK Av‡jvPbv

Ki‡eb Ges jvj, njy I bxj cv‡Î RxevYybvkK `ªeY e¨env‡ii e¨vcv‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

- RxevYybvkK `ªeY ˆZwii wbqgvejx e‡j †`‡eb - 95 fvM cvwb 5 fvM we−wPs cvDWv‡ii wgkªY A_ev mv‡o Pvi wjUvi cvwbi g‡a¨

25 MÖvg we−wPs cvDWv‡ii wgkªY w`‡q RxevYybvkK `ªeY evbv‡Z n‡e| - mnvqK Gevi †QvU `‡j emvi Rb¨ RvqMv wba©viY K‡i †`‡eb cÖwZ `‡j †bZv ev

Dc¯’vcK wba©viY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZ `‡j †cv÷vi gvK©vi A_ev KvM‡Ri wkU I Kjg weZiY Ki‡eb

- mevB‡K 1.5 wg: mgq wba©viY K‡i †`‡eb - mnvqK mvevi D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡eb Avgiv `‡ji bvg Abyhvqx †h cvÎ †m cv‡Î GB

nvmcvZvj †_‡K eR© ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †Kvb¸‡jv †dj‡ev Zv wjL‡Z n‡e - `jxq KvR †kl n‡j| cÖwZ `‡ji †cv÷vi ev wkU †`qv‡j Uvwb‡q ch©vqµ‡g

Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| - mnvqK Gevi mevi gv‡a¨ Ó†Kvb eR© †Kvb cv‡Î †dj‡Z n‡eÓ Zvi ZvwjKv

m¤wjZ n¨vÛ AvDU-1 weZiY Ki‡eb Ges mevB‡K wgwj‡q wb‡Z ej‡eb| - †QvU `jxq Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvbv‡eb

- mnvqK Gevi mevB‡K cybivq †QvU`‡j emvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Rvbv‡eb Ges cieZ©x c‡e©i †NvlYv w`‡eb|

(¯−vBW 50-51)

19

7.6 nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbvq mswk−ó‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

- mnvqK c~e©cv‡Vi m~Î a‡i ej‡eb, Avgiv GB cÖwk¶‡Y hviv AvwQ Zviv mK‡jB eR© e¨e ’vcbvi mv‡_ mswk−ó myZivs fwel¨‡Z myôz e¨e ’vcbvq Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Avgv‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨¸‡jv wba©viY Ki‡ev Ges Zv wj‡L wj‡L Rgv †`e|

- mnvqK Gevi 5wU `j‡K KvR fvM K‡i †`‡eb Ges mgq e‡j †`‡eb

mgq 15 wgwbU

- mnvqK eR© e¨e ’vcbvq Wv³vi, bvm©, Avqv, wK¬bvi I IqvW©eq‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z ej‡eb A_ev cÖwk¶Yv_©xiv †h †h †ckvq wb‡qvwRZ Zv‡`i †ckv Abyhvqx `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨¸‡jv wbY©q Ki‡Z ej‡eb

- mnvqK `jxq KvR †k‡l wkU¸‡jv †b‡eb Ges AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K c‡o †kvbv‡eb - me wVK Av‡Q wKbv mevi m¤§wZ †b‡eb - mevi gv‡S `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ m¤wjZ n¨vÛ AvDU-2 weZiY K‡i cv‡Vi mgvwß

Uvb‡eb|

20

cvV wk‡ivbvg 8.0: mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx

cvV: welqe¯‘

8.1 mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx 8.2 wbWj, b‡Rj I c−vw÷K mvgMÖx KvUv/fv½vi wbqg 8.3 web/evjwZ wPwýZKiY Ges cwjw_b I mvBb 8.4 RxevYybvkK `ªeY

cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨: GB cvV †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

- nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi KiYxq¸‡jv wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - mwVKfv‡e e¨eüZ wbWj, b‡Rj I Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx bó K‡i †djvi ¸i“Z¡ ej‡Z cvi‡eb Ges †K‡U ev

†f‡½ †dj‡Z cvi‡eb| - web/evjwZ, wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges cwjw_‡bi mwVK e¨envi I mvBb wPb‡Z cvi‡eb

mgq : 45 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv DcKiY : ¯−vBW cÖ k©b, gvwëwgwWqv, wmwiÄ, cwjw_b, KvU©vi I m¨vjvBb e¨vM cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 8.1 mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx

- mnvqK ¯−vBW 52 †_‡K 54cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb (¯−vBW-52-54)

8.2 wbWj, b‡Rj I c−vw÷K mvgMÖx KvUv/fv½vi wbqg

- mnvqK c~e©cwiKíbv Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb| - b‡Rj I wbWj KvUv/fv½vi wbqgvejx wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| - cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i ga¨ †_‡K K‡qKRb‡K †K‡U †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb - cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i mv‡_ AwfÁZv wewbgq Ki“b †h, wKfv‡e AwZ mn‡RB Avgiv

wmwiÄmn Ab¨vb¨ ¶wZKviK e‡R© i cybte¨envi n‡Z cv‡i GiKg mvgMÖx bó K‡i w`‡Z cvwi|

- mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvg‡Zi †hŠw³KZv wb‡q †Lvjv‡gjv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges mK‡ji m¤§wZµ‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq wm×vš— †b‡eb|

- mnvqK h_vmgq wmwi‡Äi b‡Rj I wbWj KvUv mn Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx bó K‡i †djvi †¶‡Î wK wK mgm¨v †`Lv †`q ev †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡q cÖkœ Ki“b|

- mgm¨v¸‡jv †ev‡W© ev †cv÷v‡i wjLyb - mgm¨v¸‡jv wKfv‡e mgvavb n‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡q mK‡ji gZvgZ wb‡eb Ges

Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb - mK‡ji m¤§wZµ‡g GB cvV †kl Ki‡eb

8.3 web/evjwZ wPwýZKiY Ges cwjw_b I mvBb

- mnvqK ch©vqµ‡g ¯−vBW 55 †_‡K 58 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| - fwel¨‡Z eR© e¨e ’vcbvq †h mKj ¯xK…Z cwjw_b e¨eüZ n‡e †m¸‡jv Ges †Kvb

†Kvb mvBb e¨eüZ n‡e Zvi †hŠw³KZv wb‡q e¨vL¨vg~jK Av‡jvPbv K‡i cv‡Vi mgvwß Uvbyb|

(¯−vBW-55-58) 8.4 RxevYybvkK `ªeY

- mnvqK ¯−vBW 59 cÖ k©b K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| (¯−vBW-59)

21

cvV wk‡ivbvg 9.0: mgvwß Awa‡ekb

cvV: welqe¯‘

9.1 †cv÷ †U÷ 9.2 cÖwk¶Y mgvwß Awa‡ekb

cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨: GB cvV †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

- cÖwk¶Y DËi cÖkœcÎc~iY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - cÖwk¶Y †_‡K wkLbmg~n ej‡Z cvi‡eb - cÖwk¶Y cieZ©x KiYxqmg~n wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb mgq : 30 wgwbU c×wZ : e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv, cix¶v DcKiY : cÖkœcÎ, cÖwk¶Y, D‡Ïk¨ m¤wjZ ¯−vBW-M cÖwµqv cvV cÖwk¶K/mnvq‡Ki cÖwZ wb‡`©kvejx 9.1 †cv÷ †U÷

- mnvqK cÖ‡qvRbxq f~wgKv w`‡q mKj AskMÖnYKvixMY‡K †cvó †U‡÷ AskMÖnYKvixMY‡K †cv÷ †U‡ó AskMÖnY Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb Ges mevi gv‡S cÖkœcÎ e›Ub Ki‡eb I mgq e‡j †`‡eb|

- wbw`©ó mgq †k‡l DËicθ‡jv msMÖn K‡i mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvbv‡eb (cÖkœcÎ - †cv÷ †U÷, n¨vÛ AvDU 2)

9.2 mgvwß Awa‡ekb

- mnvqK cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ m¤wjZ ¯−vBW-M cÖ k©b K‡i ch©vqµ‡g cÖkœ Ki‡eb †h, Avgiv AvR‡Ki cÖwk¶Y †_‡K D³ D‡Ïk¨¸‡jv AR©b K‡iwQ wKbv|

- mevi m¤§wZ †b‡eb Ges ab¨ev` Rvbv‡eb| - cÖwk¶Yv_©x‡`i ga¨ †_‡K KvD‡K wKQz ejvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb - mnvqK cÖ‡qvR‡b MvBW Ki‡Z cv‡ib †h, - Avgiv wK wkLjvg - hv wkLjvg Zv ev —‡e cÖ‡qvM‡hvM¨ wKbv - GB cÖwk¶YwU mswk−ó mK‡ji Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb wKbv - cÖwk¶YwU‡Z AviI wKQz welqe ‘ ms‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e wKbv ev †Kvb wKQz ev` w`‡Z n‡e

wKbv BZ¨vw`| - mnvqK A_ev cÖwk¶‡Yi mv‡_ mswk−ó KZ…©c¶ †_‡K GKRb GB cÖwk¶Y Av‡qvRK,

AskMÖnYKvix I mnvqK‡`i Avš—wiK ab¨ev` I K…ZÁZv Rvwb‡q cÖwk¶‡Yi mgvwß Uvb‡eb|

22

n¨vÛ AvDU 1 mshyw³

nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwk¶Y

cÖkœcÎ (wcÖ‡Uó)

bvg: ZvwiL:

cÖwZôv‡bi bvg: c`ex:

PvKzixKvj: eqm:

mgq: 15 wgwbU

1. nvmcvZvj eR© ej‡Z wK ey‡Sb?

2. nvmcvZvj e‡R© i ¶wZKi w`K¸‡jv e¨vL¨v Ki“b |

3. nvmcvZvj e‡R© i mwVK e¨e ’vcbv bv _vKvq †Kvb †kªYxi gvbyl †ewk ¶wZMÖ ’ n‡”Qb?

4. nvmcvZv‡ji †Kvb †Kvb eR© ¸wj‡K Avcbvi `„wó‡Z SuzwKc~Y© e‡j g‡b nq?

5. Avcbvi g‡Z nvmcvZvj †_‡K Drcvw`Z e‡R© i KZfvM SuzwKc~Y© e‡j g‡b nq?

6. nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K wK Dcv‡q †ivM RxevYy Qovq?

7. nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvq Avcwb wK f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡ib?

`ªóe¨: mwVK Dˇi Ò�Ó (wUK) wPý w`b | 8.1 nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ †h mg¯— e‡R© †Kvb msµvgK RxevYy I Ab¨vb¨ SuywKc~Y© Dcv`vb _v‡K bv †m mg¯—

eR© ‡K msµvgK eR© /mvaviY eR© /†ZR¯Œxq eR© e‡j | 8.2 nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ e‡R© i g‡a¨ SuzwKc~Y© e‡R© i cwigvY 10-20%/25-40%/45-60%| 8.3 mKj cÖKvi avivj eR© msµvgK bvI n‡Z cv‡i; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.4 †gqv` DËxY© Jla, f¨vw·b Ges Gm‡ei mswk−ó cvÎmg~nI SuzwKc~Y©: mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.5 SuzwKc~Y©, msµvgK, c¨v_jwRK¨vj I avivj e‡R© i ms¯ú‡k© GBWm, †ncvUvBwUm we, †ncvUvBwUm wm BZ¨vw` gvivZ¥K †ivM Qov‡Z cv‡i; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.6 nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ mg¯’ eR© ‡K GKB ¯’v‡b †djv DwPr; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.7 nvmcvZvj eR© Øviv †mev cÖ vbKvix Kgx©, †UvKvB, mvaviY gvbyl wewfbœ ai‡bi msµvgK e¨vwa‡Z Avµvš—

n‡Z cv‡i; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq|

23

n¨vÛ AvDU 2

nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwk¶Y cÖkœcÎ (†cvó †Uó)

bvg:

cÖwZôv‡bi bvg: c`ex:

PvKzixKvj: eqm:

ZvwiL:

mgq: 15 wgwbU

1. nvmcvZvj eR© ej‡Z wK ey‡Sb?

2. nvmcvZvj e‡R© i ¶wZKi w`K¸‡jv e¨vL¨v Ki“b |

3. nvmcvZvj e‡R ©i mwVK e¨e ’vcbv bv _vKvq †Kvb †kªYxi gvbyl †ewk ¶wZMÖ ’ n‡”Qb?

4. nvmcvZv‡ji †Kvb †Kvb eR© ¸wj‡K Avcbvi `„wó‡Z SuzwKc~Y© e‡j g‡b nq?

5. Avcbvi g‡Z nvmcvZvj †_‡K Drcvw`Z e‡R© i KZfvM SuzwKc~Y© e‡j g‡b nq?

6. nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K wK Dcv‡q †ivM RxevYy Qovq?

7. nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvq Avcwb wK f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡ib?

`ªóe¨: mwVK Dˇi Ò�Ó ( wUK) wPý w`b| 8.1 nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ †h mg¯’ e‡R© †Kvb msµvgK RxevYy I Ab¨vb¨ SuywKc~Y© Dcv`vb _v‡Kbv †m mg¯—

eR¨©‡K msµvgK eR© /mvaviY eR© /†ZR¯Œxq eR© e‡j | 8.2 nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ e‡R© i g‡a¨ SzwKc~Y© e‡R© i cwigvY 10-20 %/25-40%/45-60%| 8.3 mKj cÖKvi avivj eR © msµvgK bvI n‡Z cv‡i; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.4 †gqv` DËxb© Jla, f¨vw·b Ges Gm‡ei mswk−ó cvÎ mg~nI SuzwKc~Y©: mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.5 SuzwKc~Y©, msµvgK, c¨v_jwRK¨vj I avivj e‡R© i ms¯ú‡k© GBWm, †ncvUvBwUm we, †ncvUvBwUm wm BZ¨vw` gvivZ¥K †ivM Qov‡Z cv‡i; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.6 nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ mg¯’ eR© ‡K GKB ¯’v‡b †djv DwPr; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| 8.7 nvmcvZvj eR© Øviv †mev cÖ vbKvix Kgx©, †UvKvB, mvaviY gvbyl wewfbœ ai‡bi msµvgK e¨vwa‡Z Avµvš—

n‡Z cv‡i; mZ¨/wg_¨v/†KvbwUB bq| * Avcbvi †ckvMZ `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z wM‡q muyB, †e−W, KuvwP ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb aviv‡jv e¯‘ Øviv KL‡bv AvNvZcÖvß n‡qQb wK? nu v/bv * n‡q _vK‡j wK e¨e¯’v wb‡qwQ‡jb? ** Avcbvi †ckvMZ `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z wM‡q †Kvb †iv‡M Avµvš— n‡qwQ‡jb wK? nu v/bv | ** n‡q _vK‡j wK ai‡bi †iv‡M Avµvš— n‡qwQ‡jb Ges wK e¨e¯’v wb‡qwQ‡jb

24

n¨vÛ AvDU 3

mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbvq †mev cÖ vbKvixM‡Yi KiYxq: • Kv‡Ri ïi“‡Z, Kv‡Ri †k‡l, Lvevi MÖn‡Yi c~‡e© Ges cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a wba©vwiZ wbq‡g nvZ ay‡q †djyb| • Kg©‡¶‡Î wbivcËRwbZ †cvkvK-A¨v‡cÖvb, K¨vc, eyU, M−vfm cwiavb Ki“b Ges Kg©‡¶‡Î wbivcËvRwbZ

†cvkvK cwi¯‹vi/RxevYygy³/ay‡q †djyb| • `vwqZ¡ ey‡S †bevi mgq †`‡L wbb, me KqwU cvÎ n‡Z mwVKfv‡e eR© AcmviY Kiv n‡q‡Q wKbv| • e‡R© i Drcw˯’‡jB, eR© wPwýZ/c„_K Ki‡eb bv| • hw` mvaviY eR© , ¶wZKviK e‡R© i mv‡_ wg‡k hvq, Zvn‡j a‡i wbb cy‡ivUvB ¶wZKviK eR© | • hw` e‡R© i cÖKvi‡f` (mvaviY/¶wZKviK) m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡Z bv cv‡ib Zvn‡j a‡i wbb GUv ¶wZKviK

eR© Ges njy cv‡Î ivLyb| • mvaviY eR© - Kvj i‡Oi cv‡Î, ¶wZKviK eR© -njy i‡Oi cv‡Î, avivj eR© - jvj i‡Oi cv‡Î, †ZRw¯Œq

eR© iƒcvjx i‡Oi cv‡Î Ges ivmvqwbK eR© ev`vgx i‡Oi cv‡Î I Zij eR© bxj i‡Oi cv‡Î ivLyb| • njy is-Gi cv‡Î ivLv eR© †Kvb Ae¯’vq-B Ab¨ i‡Oi cv‡Î miv‡bv hv‡e bv| • AmsµwgZ m¨vjvBb e¨vM, bj, ivevi/c−vw÷K `ªe¨ meyR i‡Oi cv‡Î ivLyb| • msµwgZ ivevi/c−vw÷K `ªe¨ njy i‡Oi cv‡Î ivLyb| • mKj cÖKvi e¨eüZ †Wª‡bR e¨vM/i³ cwimÂvi‡bi e¨vM/bj †K‡U UzK‡iv K‡i w`b Ges njy i‡Oi cv‡Î

ivLyb| • mKj cÖKvi AmsµwgZ ivevi/c−vw÷K e¨vM A_ev bj †K‡U UzK‡iv K‡i w`b Ges meyR is‡qi cv‡Î †djyb| • mKj cÖKvi myuB I wmwi‡Äi bRj µvmvi h‡š¿i Dc‡ii wQ`ªc‡_ XywK‡q nvZ‡j Pvc w`‡q muyB/bRj †K‡U

w`b| • `vwqZ¡ eywS‡q †`evi Av‡M µvmvi h‡š¿ ivLv eR© jvj i‡Oi cv‡Î ivLyb| • cybte¨env‡ii j‡¶¨ †U÷ wUDe/¯−vBW/Ab¨vb¨ hš¿cvwZ fvjfv‡e RxevYygy³ K‡i wbb| • KvjPvi wgwWqv I KvjPvi w÷K (eR© ) ivmvqwbK `ªeY Øviv RxevYygy³ K‡i njy i‡Oi cv‡Î †djyb| • ev‡¯‹U ev Szwo‡Z KLbI †Kvb eR© ivL‡eb bv| • i³/†`n-im †bevi ci †ivMxi e¨eüZ msµwgZ Zzjv/wUmy †ccvi njy i‡Oi cv‡Î †djyb| • wWw÷j IqvUv‡ii fv½v A¨v¤úyj/fv½v †evZj/Ab¨vb¨ avivj eR© jvj i‡Oi cv‡Î †djyb| • ivbœv N‡ii eR© Kvj i‡Oi cv‡Î ivLyb Z‡e cPb cÖwµqv `ª“ZZi Kivi j‡¶¨ njy i‡Oi cv‡Î ivLv hv‡e| • e¨eüZ myuB-G KLbI K¨vc cov‡eb bv| • Zij ivmvqwbK e‡R© i mv‡_ cÖPzi cvwb wgwk‡q Zvici cqtwb®‹vkb †Wª‡b †djyb| • memgq avivj eR© ivLvi cv‡Î 0.5% †K¬vwiY `ªeY ivLyb| • fvqv‡j i³/†`n-im/cuyR/wUmy/†`‡ni KwZ©Z Ask ivLv n‡j Ges mgqgZ †cÖiY Kiv bv n‡j, fvqvjwU eR©

wn‡m‡e njy cv‡Î †djyb| • i³/†`n-im/cuyR/wUmy/†`‡ni KwZ©Z Ask Øviv msµwgZ e¨v‡ÛR/Zzjv/MR/Kvc‡oi UzKiv njy i‡Oi cv‡Î

†djyb| • Ily‡ai KvUz©b/w÷ªc/d‡qj/c¨vwKs e·/KvV/KvMR/AmsµwgZ Kvco/†jvnv/Lvwj †evZj BZ¨vw` meyR i‡Oi

cv‡Î †djyb| • Zij eR© Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb eR© †ivMxi †e‡Wi bx‡P ivLv cv‡Î †dj‡eb bv| • RxevYyhy³ eR© cv‡Î †djvi c~‡e©/c‡i ivmvqwbK `ªeY Øviv RxevYygy³ K‡i w`b| • me mgqB wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e †h, eR© cy‡ivcywi I mwVKfv‡e cv‡Î ivLv n‡q‡Q Ges mwVKfv‡e cv‡Îi XvKbv

jvMv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

25

• Kg©‡¶‡Î mKj cÖKvi Qwo‡q cov/Dc‡P cov eR© RxevYygy³/cwi®‹vi Ki“b/Kwi‡q wbb| • eR© msMÖnKvixi wbKU eR© n —vš—‡ii c~‡e© IRb Kwi‡q wbb I Zv wba©vwiZ di‡g wjwce× Ki“b| • Lvevi cÖ ‘ZKiY ¯’v‡bi Kv‡Q †Kvb Ae¯’vqB eR© msi¶Y Ki‡eb bv| • ¯v¯’ wk¶vi Ask wn‡m‡e †ivMx‡`i KLb, †Kv_vq, wKfv‡e eR© †dj‡e Zvi Dc‡`k/cÖwk¶Y w`b| • KLbI 24 N›Uvi †ewk eR© msi¶Y Kiv hv‡e bv| • avivj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvq AwaKZi mveavbZv Aej¤b Ki“b| wmwbqi ÷vd bvm©/IqvW© I IwU Bb-PvR©/c¨viv‡gwWKm M‡Yi `vwqZ¡ • Kg© ’‡j Kg©iZ Kg©PvixMY eR© cv‡Î mwVKfv‡e ivL‡Qb wKbv †mB welqwU wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

• eR© c„_KxKi‡Yi Rb¨ wbw`©ó i‡Oi cvÎ mwVKfv‡e e¨envi n‡”Q wKbv †mB welqwU wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • wewfbœ i‡Oi cv‡Îi mwVK RvqMvq ¯’vcb, XvKbv jvMv‡bv, cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv Ges msi¶Y wbwðZ Ki‡Z

n‡e| • eR© ivLvi cvÎ Pvi fv‡Mi wZb fvM c~Y© n‡jB A_ev cÖ‡qvRbymv‡i wbivc`fv‡e Lvwj Kivi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z

n‡e| • eR© msMÖnKvixi wbKU eR© n —vš—‡ii cy‡e© IRb Kivb I wba©vwiZ Q‡K wjwce× wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© msMÖn ev cwien‡Yi mgq DcwP‡q co‡j, †mB RvqMv RxevYybvkK Øviv cwi¯‹vi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© ivLvi cvÎ miv‡bv n‡j wbw`©ó i‡Oi Ab¨ GKwU cv‡Îi cÖwZ¯’vcb wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • wb‡Ri ¯v‡¯’ i wbivcËvmn, eR© e¨e ’vcbvi mv‡_ RwoZ Ab¨vb¨ Kg©Pvix‡`i ¯v¯’ wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z

n‡e| • ¯v¯’ wk¶vi Ask wn‡m‡e †ivMx‡`i KLb, †Kv_vq Ges wKfv‡e eR© †dj‡Z n‡e Zvi wbqwgZ

cÖwk¶Y/Dc‡`k †`qv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • wbw`©ó wefv‡Mi `vwqZ¡cÖvß n‡j, H wefv‡Mi mvwe©K eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi ZË¡veavb I gwbUwis wbwðZ Ki‡Z

n‡e| IqvW© gv÷v‡ii `vwqZ¡ • mKj e‡R© i AcmviY ZË¡veavb Kiv| • IqvW©eq/myBcvi/Avqv‡`i KvR Z`viwK Kiv| • eR© msMÖ‡ni c~‡e© IRb Kiv‡bv I Zv wjwce× K‡i ivLv| • eR© msi¶‡Yi RvqMvi wbivcËv weavb Kiv| • wbw`©ó mg‡q/c‡_ eR© cwienY/AcmviY Z`viwK Kiv| • wbw`©ó mg‡q/c‡_ eR© cwienY/AcmviY Z`viKx Kiv| • wbw`©ó is-Gi cv‡Î aib Abyhvqx eR© †dj‡Z †ivMx I `k©bv_©x‡`i mnvqZvmn civgk© cÖ vb Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© msMÖn ev cwien‡Yi mgq Dc‡P co‡j, †m RvqMv RxevYybvkK Øviv cwi¯‹vi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© ivLvi cvÎ AcmviY Kiv n‡j, bZzb GKB is-Gi cvÎ †mLv‡b cÖwZ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© msMÖn ev cwien‡Yi mgq mswk−ó Kg©Pvix‡`i e¨w³MZ wbivcËvg~jK wRwbl/†cvlvK Gi e¨envi wbwðZ

Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© Acmvi‡Yi ci cvθwj ay‡q wbw`©ó RvqMvq mwVKfv‡e msi¶Y wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© ivLvi cv‡Îi Pvwiw`‡K cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| • †Kvb Kg©Pvix eR© Øviv AvNvZ cÖvß n‡i ms‡M ms‡M KZ©„c¶‡K Rvbvb mn Zvi wPwKrmv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

26

IqvW© eq/Avqv/KzK-M‡Yi `vwqZ¡ • nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi wewfbœ w`K mwVKfv‡e Rvbv Ges †Kvb e¨vL¨vi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j DשZb KZ©„c‡¶i

wbKU n‡Z †R‡b wb‡Z n‡e| • wewfbœ i‡Oi cvÎ mwVK RvqMvq ¯’vcb, XvKbv jvMv‡bv, cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv Ges msi¶Y wbwðZ Ki‡Z

n‡e| • e‡R© i aib Abyhvqx wbw`©ó i‡Oi cv‡Î mwVKfv‡e eR© ivLv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© ivLvi cv‡Îi Pvi fv‡Mi wZb fvM c~Y© n‡jB A_ev cÖ‡qvRbvbymv‡i wbivc`fv‡e eR© Lvwj Kiv wbwðZ

Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© msMÖn ev cwien‡Yi mgq e¨w³MZ wbivcËvg~jK wRwbm/†cvkvK Gi e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • †Kvb eR© †Kv_vq Ges wKfv‡e ivL‡Z n‡e Zv †ivMx I `k©bv_©x‡`i eywS‡q ej‡Z n‡e| • eR© msMÖn ev cwien‡Yi mgq DcwP‡q co‡j, †mB RvqMv RxevYybvkK Øviv cwi¯‹vi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© ivLvi cvÎ miv‡bv n‡j, wbw`©ó i‡Oi Ab¨ GKwU cvÎ †mLv‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| • eR© AcmviY, cwienYmn Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡R wK¬bvi‡`i mnvqZv cÖ vb Ki‡Z n‡e| • avivj eR© Øviv AvNvZcÖvß n‡j ms‡M ms‡M KZ©„c¶‡K Rvbvb mn wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| wK¬bviM‡Yi `vwqZ¡ • e‡R© i aiY Abyhvqx wbw`©ó i‡Oi cv‡Î eR© ivL‡Z n‡e| • eR© ivLvi cv‡Îi Pvi fv‡Mi wZb fvM c~Y© n‡jB A_ev cÖ‡qvRbymv‡i wbivc`fv‡e eR© Lvwj Ki‡Z n‡e| • eR© msMÖn ev cwien‡Yi mgq e¨w³MZ wbivcËvg~jK wRwbm/†cvkvK-Gi e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • †g‡Si Dci w`‡q eR© ivLv cvÎ bv †QPov‡bv I XvKbv Qvov cvÎ e¨envi Ges cwienY bv Kiv| • †hLv‡b †mLv‡b ¶wZKviK eR© bv †cvovb| • eR© Acmvi‡Yi ci cvθ‡jv ay‡q wbw ©ó RvqMvq mwVKfv‡e msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e| • ZË¡veavqK‡`i ZË¡veav‡b wewfbœ wefv‡Mi eR© msMÖn, cwienY I wbw`©ó ’v‡b e‡R© i aiY Abyhvqx P~ovš—

AcmviY Ki‡Z n‡e| • wbw`©ó is-Gi cv‡Î eR© †dj‡Z †ivMx I `k©bv_©x‡`i mnvqZvmn civgk© cÖ vb Ki‡Z n‡e| • avivj eR© Øviv AvNvZcÖvß n‡j m‡½ m‡½ KZ©„c¶‡K Rvbvb mn wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| • †Kvb Ae¯’vqB c−vw÷K (wewfwm hy³) eR© †cvov‡bv hv‡e bv|

1

TRAINING ON MEDICAL WASTE TRAINING ON MEDICAL WASTE TRAINING ON MEDICAL WASTE TRAINING ON MEDICAL WASTE

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwk¶Y

K

D‡Ïk¨

cÖv_wgK aviYv

AveR©bv I nvmcvZvj AveR©bvi msMv

evsjv‡`‡k nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

eZ©gvb e¨e¯’vcbvi ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve

cÖ —vweZ eR© e¨e¯’vcbv

welqe¯—y

L

cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨

GB cÖwk¶Y †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY

**** nvmcvZvj eR © m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb |

**** nvmcvZvj e‡R ©i ¶wZKi w`Kmg~n we‡k−lY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb |

**** nvmcZvj e‡R ©i Drm I †kªbxwefvM ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

**** nvmcZvj e‡R ©i h_vh_ e¨e¯’vcbvi ¸iyZ¡ ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

**** nvmcZvj eR© †_‡K DrmvwiZ RxeYyNwUZ `~lY Ges Zv †_‡Kcwi‡ekMZ wech©q I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb

**** mwVKfv‡e nvmcvZvj e‡R© i e¨e¯’vcbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb |M

AveR©bv/eR© Ges nvmcvZvj e‡R©¨i msMv

WHAT IS

WASTE

AND

MEDICAL

WASTE

1

eR© wK?

Waste is something that placed in a wrong

place and wrong time

AveR©bv nj Ggb e¯‘ hvnv fyj mg‡q fyj ¯’v‡b c‡o _v‡K

2

nvmcvZvj eR© wK

nvmcvZvj eR© ej‡Z mvaviYZt H mg — nvmcvZvj eR©

e¨e¯’vcbv‡K eySvq hv gvbyl A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb cÖvYxi †ivM

wbY©q, †ivM wbivgq GgbwK †ivM cÖwZ‡iva Kvh©µ‡gi

Kvi‡Y Drcbœ nq|

eR©¨ KwVb I Zij GB yB Ae¯’vqB _v‡K

3

2

cÖv_wgK aviYv

nvmcvZvj n‡”Q †ivM RxevYyi mywZKvMvi

A`¨vewa evsjv‡`‡k h_vh_ nvmcvZvj eR©e¨e¯’vcbv M‡o D‡Vwb

nvmcvZvj eR© cvwb, gvwU I evZvm‡K ~wlZ K‡i Ges Lv`¨ P‡µi gva¨‡g Qwo‡q c‡o

cÖwZeQi AmsL¨ gvbyl nvmcvZvj eR© †_‡K †ivMvµvš— nq

4

nvmcvZvj I ¯v ’ †mev Kvh©µ‡g Drcbœ eR©

nvmcvZvj eR©¨ wK?

Laboratory

Waste

Waste from

Treatment

Waste from

support

service 5

nvmcvZvj eR©¨

mvaviY eR©¨ SzuwKc~Y© eR© cybt cÖwµqvKiY eR©

Lv`¨, RvZxq wewfbœcPbkxj ªe¨vw` msµvgK, ivmvqwbK I

avivj eR© KvMR, KvW© †evW

nvmcvZvj e‡R©¨i cÖKvi

6

mvaviY eR© n‡”Q nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ e‡R© i H Ask hvig‡a¨ mvaviYZt †Kvb msµvgK RxevYy I Ab¨vb¨ SuywKc~Y©

Dcv`vb _v‡K bv|

GKwU nvmcvZv‡ji †h mg¯— eR© ‡K mvaviY e‡R© i Aš—fy©³Kiv hv‡e Zv wbgœiƒc|

mvaviY eR©

7

Lvevi eR© (†hgb: gvQ, gvs‡mi eR© ,ZiKvix I kvK&-mewRi eR© , Dw”QóLv`¨ `ªe¨ , d‡ji †Lvmv, wW‡gi †Lvmv)

BZ¨vw`|

8

cybt e¨envi I cybt cÖwµqvKiYK…Z eR©¨ cybt e¨envi

Kuv‡Pi wRwbmcÎ, KvW©‡evW©, Mvgjv BZ¨vw`

cybt cÖwµqvKiY :

�AmsµwgZ c−vw÷K mvgMÖx

�wewfbœ avZe cÎ

�wewfbœ c−vw÷K †gvoK

�KvMR, KvW©‡evW© I Ab¨vb¨

9

3

SuywKc~Y© AveR©bv

SuywKc~Y© eR© n‡”Q nvmcvZv‡j Drcbœ e‡R© i HAsk hvi g‡a¨ mvaviYZt msµvgK RxevYy I Ab¨vb¨ ¶wZKviK Dcv`vb h‡_ó cwigvY _v‡K|GKwU nvmcvZv‡j mvaviYZt wewfbœ cÖKvi

SuywKc~Y© eR© Drcbœ nq|

10

SzuwKc~Y© eR©

msµvgK eR©c¨v_jwRK¨vj eR©avivj eR©dvg©vwmDwUK¨vj eR©ivmvqwbK eR©†iwWI GKwUf ev †ZRw¯Œq eR©D”PPv‡ci cvÎ mg~n

11

SuywKc~Y© e‡R© i Dcv`vb

wewfbœ M‡elYv Kvh©µg †_‡K cvIqv †M‡Q †h, hw`I nvmcvZv‡j wewfbœ cÖKvi eR©©ˆZwi nq wKš‘ ~wlZ I SyuwKc~Y© eR© ‰Zwi nq gvÎ 10-20 fvM| GB ¯í cwigvY `~wlZ I welv³ e‡R© i ‰ewkó¨ nj:

�GB e‡R© i g‡a¨ msµvgK RxevYy _v‡K|

�GB eR© i g‡a¨ †RbUw·K c`v_© _v‡K|

�wewfbœ cÖKvi SzuwKc~Y© ivmvqwbK c`v_© _v‡K|

�GB e‡R© i g‡a¨ †ZRw¯Œq eR© _vK‡Z cv‡i|

�GB e‡R© i g‡a¨ avivj eR © _v‡K 12

Wvt Ges bvm©‡`ii“g

IqvW© Ges †Kweb

mvaviY eR©¨ cybt cÖwµqvKiY eR©

SzuwKc~Y© eR©

mv‡cvwU©smvwf©m

j¨ve Gesc¨v_jwR

nvmcvZv‡ji wewfbœ As‡k ˆZwi e‡R© i cÖKvi

13

nvmcvZv‡ji wewfbœ As‡k ˆZwi e‡R© i cÖKvi

Acv†ikb w_†qUi

cybt cÖwµqvKiYeR©

SzuwKc~Y© eR©

14

e‡R© i DrmmvaviY eR©¨ SzuwKc~Y©

eR©

cybt cÖwµqvKiY

eR©

IqvW© Ges †Kweb ���� ���� ����

Acv‡ikb w_‡qUi ���� ���� ����

j¨ve GesWvqvMbwóK †m›Uvi ���� ���� ����

Wvt Ges bvm©‡`i i“g ���� ���� ����

mv‡cvwU©s mvwf©m ���� ���� ����

����: Waste Produced, ����: Waste Not Produced

e‡R© i cÖKvi

15

4

wK fv ‡e † i v M e¨v wa m s µ wg Z n ‡Z cv ‡i

�m &u~Pv j e¯ ‘i g v a ¨ ‡g�†k v l ‡Y i g v a ¨ ‡g�¶ Z w `‡q m s ¯ ú‡k ©i g v a ¨ ‡g�k ix ‡ii b ig A s ‡k i g v a ¨ ‡g�k ¦v m cÖk ¦v ‡m i g v a ¨ ‡g�L v `¨ MÖn‡Y i g v a ¨ ‡g

16

nvmcvZvj e‡R© i SuywKmg~n

nvmcvZv‡ji eR© , evZvm, Lvevi GgbwKkvixwiK ¯ú‡k©i gva¨‡g Qov‡Z cv‡i

16. 1

msµvgK eR©

†h mg¯— e‡R© ch©vß cwigvY msµvgK RxevYy

†hgb e¨vK‡Uwiqv, fvBivm, QÎvK BZ¨vw`i Dcw ’wZ eZ©gvb ZvivmsµvgK e‡R© i Aš—f©y³| GB mKj eR©

†_‡K mn‡RB wewfbœ ai‡bi gvivZœK msµvgK ‡iv‡Mi cÖv yf©ve n‡Z cv‡i| GKwU nvmcvZv‡ji †h mKj eR© GB e‡R© i Aš—f©y³ n‡e Zv wb‡gœ †`Iqv nj:

17

* j¨ v e -K v jP v i † hg b, e ¨ v K ‡U w iqv , f v Biv mBZ ¨ v w ` K v jP v i

* Av B‡mv ‡j‡U W I qv ‡W ©i e R©* ms µ v g K ‡iv ‡M Avµ v š— † K v b e ¨ v w ³i

k ix ‡ii K v U v As k , i³, ¯úyU v g BZ¨v w `* Ab¨ † h ‡K v b e R© h v ms µ v gK e ‡R© i ms ¯ ú ‡k©

G ‡m‡Q

18

kix‡ii wewfbœ †K‡U ‡djv A½ c¨v_jwRKvj e‡R© i Aš—f©y³GB mKj e‡R© mvaviYZt msµvgK RxevYyi cwigvY Kg _v‡K|

kix‡ii KvUv A½

c−v‡m›Uv

ewW d¬zBW

kix‡ii wewfbœ wUmy I AM©vb

i³,gjg~Î BZ¨vw`

c¨v_jwRi eR©

19

wbwWj

Qzwi

fv½v M−vm

¯‹¨vj‡cj

fv½v wc‡cU

†e−W

Ab¨vb¨

avivj eR©

20

5

SuywKc~Y©, msµvgK, c¨v_jwRK¨vj I avivj e‡R© i SuywK

GB mKj eR© †_‡K mKj cÖKvi msµvgK e¨vwa Qov‡Z cv‡i †hgb:

�GBP AvB wf/GBWm�†ncvUvBwUm we/wm�M¨vm‡Uªv-Bb-†UwiK Bb‡dKkb� †imwc‡iUwi Bb‡dKkb�AKzjvi Bb‡dKkb, BZ¨vw`

21

mg — cÖKvi ZvwiL AwZµvš— Jla, f¨vw·b, wmivg Ges †h mg — cvÎH mKj Jl‡ai ms¯ú‡k© G‡m‡Q Zv meB Jlam¤úK©xq/dvigvwmDwUK¨vj e‡R© i Aš—f©y³

†RbUw·K I mvB‡UvUw·K eR©

G·cvqvi †gwWwmb

e· I fvqvj hv Jl‡ai ms¯ú‡k© G‡m‡Q

dvigvwmDwUK¨vj eR©¨

22

ivmvqwbK eR©

m g — c ÖK v i K w Vb , Z ij I ev q ex q iv m v q w b K c `v _© hve¨ env i K iv i c i †d ‡j † `Iq v n ‡q ‡Q ev n‡ e Z v i m e Biv m v q w b K e‡R © i A š —f ©y³| G B m K j e R © m v a v iY Z t †iv M x i†iv M w b Y ©q , w ew f bœ a i‡b i ˆ eÁ v w b K c ix ¶ v , nv m cv Z v ‡ji†g ‡S c w i®‹v i, g k v I A b ¨ v b ¨ †c v K v g v K o w b q š¿Y K v h©µg†_‡K ˆ Z ix n‡Z c v ‡i| nv m c v Z v ‡j m v a v iY Z t w b gœw jw L ZS uyw K c~Y © iv m v q w b K c `v _© e¨ env i K iv n ‡q _ v ‡K |

2 3

�dig v j-w W -nv BW� ˆ R e † hŠ M�A‰ R e † hŠ M�K x U bv k K�w e wf bœ ai‡bi ªe Y�d‡U v M Öv w dK † Kw g K¨ v j�`v n¨ † K wg K ¨v j, BZ¨v w `

24

dvg©vwmDwUK¨vj I ivmvqwbK e‡R© i SuywK

�hw`I G ai‡bi eR© nvmcvZv‡j Kg Drcbœ nq wKš‘ we‡kl Ae¯’vq (ZvwiL Awaµvš— Jla) AwaK cwigv‡Y eR© Drcbœ n‡Z cv‡i| G e‡R© i SuywK nj:

25

mvgwqK I `xN©‡gqv`x G·‡cvRv‡ii Kvi‡Y weltwµqv|Sj‡m hvIqv/cy‡o hvIqv I ¶‡Zi m„wó nIqv|†PvL I Pvgovi Biwi‡Ukb I ¶wZ mvab|k¦vmbvwji wgDKvm †gg‡eª‡bi ¶wZ mvab|

we`¨gvb Lv`¨ P‡µi ¶wZ mvab| Gw›UwbIc−vw÷K I mvB‡UvUw·K Jlamgyn n‡”Q Kviwm‡bv‡Rb

(hv GKwU mvaviY †Kvl‡K K¨vbmvi †Kv‡liƒcvš—wiZ Ki‡Z cv‡i)|

2 6

6

AwaKvsk RxevYybvkK n‡”Q Kiwmf hv Ab¨ ivmvqwbK e‡R© i mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i wi-GKwUf eR© ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i|

‡gqv‡`vËxb© f¨vw·b †_‡K †ivM Qov‡Z cv‡i|nvmcvZv‡j gkv I Ab¨vb¨ †cvKvgvKo wba‡bi Rb¨

†h mg — KxUbvkKe¨envi Kiv nq Zv gvbyl I cwi‡e‡ki

Ab¨vb¨ Dcv`v‡bi Rb¨ gvivZœK ¶wZKi|

27

†ZRw¯Œq eR©

†h †Kv b ai‡bi e R © ( Kw Vb, Z i j, e v q e x q) hv †Z R w ¯Œq c `v _© w `‡q †i v Mw bY©q I †i v M w Pw Kr m v i m g q D rc v w `Z e R© m g ~n ‡K †Z R w ¯Œq e R © e ‡ j|

†h m g — e ‡R © † Z R w ¯Œq c `v ‡_©i c w i g v Y Ò w K¬qv ‡i Ý †j‡fjÓ G i †e k x _v ‡K Z v i v †Z R w ¯Œq e ‡R © i A š—f©y³ | †h m Kj e R © G B e‡R © i A š—f©y³ n ‡e Z v

�†i w W I M Öv w d I A b¨v b¨ M ‡e l Yv q ( †hL v ‡b † Z R w ¯Œq c `v _© e ¨e ü Z n q †hg b : A w ’ ¯‹¨v w bs ) e ¨e ü Z Z i j c `v _©|

�†Z R w ¯Œq c `v ‡_©i m s ¯ú‡k © G ‡m ‡Q G g b c v Îm g yn |�G e R i‡e ›U hv †Z R w ¯Œq c `v ‡_©i m s ¯ú‡k © G ‡m ‡Q |

28

†ZRw¯Œq e‡R© i SuywK

†ZRw¯Œq e‡R© i SuywK g~jZt wbf©i K‡i KZevi GB

e‡R© i ms¯ú‡k© G‡m‡Q Ges ms¯ú‡k© Avmvi Kvi‡Y

Avf¨š—ixY †WvR †Kvb gvÎv ch©š— n‡q‡Q Zvi Dci| GB

e‡R© i SuywK mvaviY †_‡K AZ¨vš— gvivZœK n‡Z cv‡i|

29

cÖv_wgK fv‡e gv_v e¨v_v, wSgywb I ewg-ewg fve

†R‡bwUK g¨v‡Uwiqv‡ji Dci cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i

P~ovš— ch©v‡q wUmy i ¶wZ I K¨vÝvi

3 0

D”PPv‡ci cvÎ mg~ncÖvq cÖwZwU nvmcvZv‡j wewfbœ cÖKvi M¨vm e¨envi Kiv nq hvD”P-Pv‡c cv‡Î msi¶Y Kiv n‡q _v‡K| nvmcvZv‡j e¨eüZM¨vm mg~n wZb fv‡M wef³:

‡gwWK¨vj M¨vm

� Aw·‡Rb

� bvB‡Uªv‡Rb

� Bw_wjb A·vBW

j¨ve M¨vm

� bvB‡Uªv‡Rb

�AvM©b

�Kve©b-WvB-A·vBW

wnwUs M¨vm (weD‡Ub Ges cÖ‡cb) nvmcvZv‡je¨eüZ G¨v‡ivmj I Gqvi-‡d«kbvi GB

e‡R© i Aš—f©y³|3 1

fv B i v j † n cv U v B wU m we B b ‡ dK k b( Av ‡gwi K v )

1 - 1 5500- 7, 300eR© Kg©x

2 41 2 , 000Bgvi‡RwÝ †gwW‡Kjc¨viv‡gwWKm

5- 81 00- 300†Ww›U÷ mnKvix

<11 00- 300†Ww›U÷ nvmcvZv‡ji evB‡ii

1 - 3500- 1 700nvmcvZv‡ji evB‡ii Wv³vi

<11 00- 4 00Wv³vi

2 41 2 , 2 00†UKwbwkqvb

2 3- 911 1 , 700- 4 5, 300nvDm wKcvi

2 - 1 58 00- 750nvmcvZvj j¨ve IqvK©vi

5 6- 9 61 7, 700- 2 2 ,2 00bvm©

GBPwewf/ermiBbRywi/ermi†ckv

3 2

7

GBPAvBwf/GBWm msµgYAv‡gwiKv

�3 2 R b w b W ‡ji A v N v Z †_ ‡K�1 R b †e−‡ W i A v N v Z †_ ‡K�1 R b M −v ‡m i A v N v Z †_ ‡K�1 R b A a v iv ‡jv e¯ ‘i m s ¯ úk © †_ ‡K�4 R b k ix ‡ii A b ¨ v b ¨ b ig A s k G es Pv g o v i A b ¨ v b ¨ ¶ Z w `‡q

19 9 4 mv ‡j 39 R b G BP Av Bwf ‡Z Avµ v š— nq

R y‡b i g ‡a ¨ m e© ‡g v U G BW m A v µv š — †iv M x i m s L ¨ v †e‡o 51 †Z `v o v q | 3 3

nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbv cÖwk¶Y

3 4

Avf¨š—ixb eR©msi¶Y e¨e ’v

miKvwiWv÷web

Acv‡ikb w_‡qUvi

j¨ve I c¨v_jRx

IqvW© I †Kweb

mnvqZvcÖ`vbKvwimvwf©m

Wv³vi I bvm©‡`i K¶

evsjv‡`‡ki nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e ’vcbvieZ©gvb Ae ’v

3 5

evsjv‡`‡k nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi eZ©gvb wPÎ

3 6

���� wewfbœ ai‡bi msµvgK †iv‡Mi cÖv ~f©ve n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: †ncvUvBwUm we, UvBd‡qW, wbD‡gvwbqv, Ges GBW&m|

���� †mev cÖ`vbKvix Kgx©, †UvKvB Ges mvaviY gvbylI wewfbœ ai‡bi msµvgK e¨vwa‡Z Avµvš— n‡Z cv‡i|

���� msµwgZ wmwiÄ Ges avivj eR© cyb:e¨envi n‡Z cv‡i|

nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cwi‡ekMZI ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve

3 7

���� ivmvqwbK Ges †ZRw¯Œq eR© Øviv Lv`¨ P‡µi †h †Kvb Dcv`vb gvivZ¥Kfv‡e ¶wZMÖ — n‡Z cv‡i GgbwK wejyßI n‡Z cv‡i hv Lv`¨P‡µi Dc‡ii —‡i Aew ’Z cÖwZwU cÖvYxi DciB gvivZ¥K Kz-cÖfve †dj‡e|

���� I‡cb Wvw¤ús Gi d‡j gvwU, cvwb I evZvm ~wlZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges Kg SyuwKc~Y© eR© I GB e‡R© i ms¯ú‡k© G‡m SzuwKc~Y© e‡R© iƒcvš—wiZ n‡Z cv‡i|

nvmcvZvj e‡R© i cwi‡ek I ¯v¯’ MZ cÖfve

3 8

8

nvmcvZv‡ji eR©¨ †_‡K †ivM Rxevby Qov‡bvi c_

Lvevi

†ivM-e¨vwa

cï -cvwL mivmwigvwUevZvmcvwb

†ivM-gyw³

c½yË

g„Zz

gvbyl

nvmcvZvj, †ivM-RxevYyi m~wZKvMvi

3 9

†h mKj e¨w³ nvmcvZvj e‡R© i `~wlZ I SyuwKc~Y© As‡ki ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡e Zviv mK‡jB SzuwK enb K‡i| Z‡e SzuwKi cwigvY wbf©i K‡i e‡R© i aib Ges e‡R© i ms¯ú‡k© Avmvi cwigv‡Yi Dci| Kv‡RB †h e¨w³ hZ †ewk GB e‡R¨i ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡e †m e¨w³ ZZ †ewk SyuwKc~Y©|

SzuwKc~Y© `j

4 0

evsjv‡`‡k g~jZ: wbgœwjwLZ `jmg~n S~uwKc~Y©|

bvm© I Avqv

†UvKvB, wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb Kgx© hviv GB eR© AcmviY Ges P~ovš—e¨e ’vcbvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ|

†ivMx, `k©bv_x©, Wv³vi Ges Ab¨vb¨ nvmcvZvj Kgx©|

mvaviY gvbyl I cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`vb|

SzuwKc~Y© `j

4 1

nvmcvZvj eRnvmcvZvj eR©© ee¨ee¯’¯’vcbvvcbv

G K w U nv m c v ZvG K w U nv m c v Zv ‡‡ j D rc bj D rc b œœ w ew f bw ew f b œœ cc ÖÖ K v i eK v i e ‡‡ RR ©© i D rc wi D rc w ËË ¯ ’¯ ’ v b v b †† __ ‡‡ K P~o vK P~o v šš —— A c m v iY c hA c m v iY c h ©š©š —— hZ chZ c ÖÖ K v i K v R K iv nq , Z v i K v i K v R K iv nq , Z v i

m eB nv m c v Z v j eRm eB nv m c v Z v j eR ©© ee¨ee ¯ ’¯ ’ v c b v i Av c b v i A šš —— f yf y ©³©³ ||

nv m c v Z v j eRnv m c v Z v j eR ©© ee¨ee ¯ ’¯ ’ v c b v w ew f bv c b v w ew f b œœ †† `‡‡ k w ew f bk w ew f b œœ iK g G es iK g G es G L b c hG L b c h ©š©š —— †† K v b w b w `K v b w b w ` ©ó©ó ee¨ee ¯ ’¯ ’ v c b v cv c b v c ØØ w Z b v B| ew Z b v B| e¨ee ¯ ’¯ ’ v c b v v c b v

cc ØØ w Z i w f bw Z i w f b œœ Z i K v iY g ~jZ : eZ i K v iY g ~jZ : e ‡‡ RR ©© i a i b G es i a i b G es †† `‡‡ k i k i A _A _ ©‰©‰ b w Z K A eb w Z K A e ¯ ’¯ ’ v |v |

4 2

nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi mdjZv Ges LiP g~jZ: myôz Af¨š—ixY e¨e¯’vcbvi Dci wbf©i K‡i|

Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e¯’vcbv‡K mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡j ~wlZ I SzuwKc~Y©e‡R© i cwigvY K‡g hv‡e Ges GB ¯í cwigvc eR© ‡K mn‡RB msi¶Y, cwienY I P~ovš— AcmviY Kiv m¤¢e n‡e|

myôz Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e ’vcbv

4 3

GKwU myôz nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbvi wZbwU avc i‡q‡Q|

2222myôz Af¨š—ixY e¨e¯’vcbv

2222 wbivc` eR© cwienY

2222 myôz P~ovš— e¨e¯’vcbv

nvmcvZvj eR© e¨e¯’vcbv

4 4

9

myôz Af¨š—ixY eR© e¨e¯’vcbviPviwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq :

1.eR© c„_KxKiY I mvgwqK msi¶Y

2.eR© Drcv`b n«vmKiY I cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY

3.Avf¨š—ixY gqjv cwienY

4. †K›`ªxq gqjv msi¶Y4 5

eR© c„_KxKiY I mvgwqK msi¶Y

IqvW©, †Kweb, Acv‡ikb w_‡qUvi, Wv³vi I bvm©‡`i K¶, e−vW e¨vsK, Bgvi‡RwÝ BDwbU, ewnwe©fvM dv‡g©mx ev Ab¨ †h ‡Kvb BDwb‡U eR©ˆZwi nIqvi m‡½ m‡½ Avjv`v K‡i wbw ©ó is-Gi evjwZ‡Z/we‡b†dj‡Z n‡e|

mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e †hb †Kvb Ae ’v‡ZB †hb ~wlZ I SzuwKc~Y© eR© Ab¨†Kvb AveR©bvi mv‡_ wg‡k bv hvq Ges GB eR© †e‡Wi wb‡P Aew ’ZMvgjv/cv‡Î †djv bv nq|

4 6

~wlZ I SzuwKc~Y© eR© Drcbœ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avjv`v K‡i msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e| d‡j:

2222 mvaviY eR© ~wlZ I SzuwKc~Y© e‡R©¨i mv‡_ wgk‡e bv|

2222 ~wlZ I SzuwKc~Y© e‡R© i cwigvY K‡g hv‡e|

2222 Af¨š—ixY msi¶Y, cwienY Ges P~ovš— e¨e ’vcbv LiP Kg n‡e|

** mg — cÖKvi eR© ‡KB hw` Dr†m c„_K Kiv m¤¢e nq Z‡e eR© e¨e ’vcbvi LiP A‡bK K‡g hv‡e|

~wlZ I SzuwKc~Y© eR© c„_KxKiY I mvgwqK msi¶Y

4 7

eR© Kg Drcv`b I cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY

nvmcvZv‡ji Rb¨ gvjvgvj µ‡qi †¶‡Î

♦♦♦♦ cybt e¨envi‡hvM¨ A_ev cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY m¤¢e Ggb wRwbm cÎ µq Kiv|

♦♦♦♦ †h mg¯— cvÎ ev Ab¨ wKQz hv cybt e¨envi‡hvM¨ Zv h_vh_fv‡e cwi¯‹vi I RxevYygy³ K‡i cybtivq e¨envi Kiv|

♦♦♦♦ †h mg¯— wRwbm cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY Kiv m¤¢e Zv Aek¨B cybt cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ †cÖiY Kiv|

4 8

� j¨ve I Jla msi¶Y Ni wbqwgZ †PK Kiv hv‡Z ‡gqv` DËxb© ivmvqwbK †Kwg‡Kj I Jl‡ai cwigvc K‡g hvq|

���� memgq cyiv‡bv Jla I ivmvqwbK †Kwg‡Kj/wi-G¨v‡R›U Av‡M e¨envi Kiv|

����eR© ˆZwii ms‡M RwoZ e¨w³MZ eR¨© welqK cÖwk¶Y †`Iqv|

eR© Kg Drcv`b I cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY

4 9

cv‡Îi Mv‡qi eY© Abymv‡i nvmcvZvj eR©c„_KxKiY I eR© msi¶Y

mvaviY eR©

cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY e R©

msµvgK eR©

aviv‡jv eR©

50

10

cv‡Îi Mv‡qi eY© Abymv‡i nvmcvZvj eR© c„_KxKiY I eR©msi¶Y

Zij eR©

†ZRw¯Œq eR©

ivmvqwbK eR©

51

mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx

1. me mgqB Kg© ’‡j e¨w³MZ myi¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxqwRwbmcÎ (Personal protective device) e¨envi Ki‡Zn‡e|

2. mg¯— i³ ev cu~R gvLv e¯‘ njy e¨v‡M hv‡e|

���� hw` †Kvb gqjv †Kvb e¨v‡M hv‡e Zv eySv bv hvq Z‡e ZvInjy e¨v‡M hv‡e|

52

3.eR© Af¨š—ixY cwien‡Yi mgq Aek¨B mZK©Zv Aej¤b Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB GB mKj eR© nvmcvZv‡ji g‡a¨ Qwo‡q bvc‡o|

4. mKj †¶‡ÎB AveR©bvi e¨vM GKwU wQ ªwenxb cv‡Î cwienY Ki‡Zn‡e|

5. †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB †Kvb cÖKvi ~wlZ I SzuwKc~Y© eR© †ivMxi †e‡Wiwb‡Pi Mvgjvq †djv hv‡e bv|

mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx

5 3

6.Avjv`vK…Z cÖ‡Z¨K cÖKvi eR© ‡KB Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡ecwienY Ki‡Z n‡e|

7.cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY eR© ‡K Avjv`v Kivi mgq mZK©ZvAej¤b Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB i³gvLv wmwiÄ evAb¨ †Kvb e¯‘ Gi mv‡_ wg‡k bv hvq|

8.cybt cÖwµqvRvZKiY eR© †djvi Av‡M Zv cybt e¨env‡iimy‡hvM bó K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e|

mvaviY wb‡`©kvejx

54

mvaviY e‡R© i Rb¨Kvj evjwZ

(m v a v iY eR © )Lvevi gqjv †djyb|

mvaviY eR©

55

cybtcÖwµqvRvZKiY e‡R© i Rb¨meyR evjwZ

(cybtcÖwµqvRvZKiY eR© )i³gvLv/msµwgZ bq Ggb

w m w iÄ , m ¨v jv B b e ¨v M , fv qv j, G es A b¨v b¨ c −v w÷ K †e v Z j †djyb | Kv M R , w m w i ‡Ä i Kfv i, m ¨v jv B b †m U I e ¨v ‡M i Kfvi, I lya I A ¨v ¤ úy‡ji K fv i|

cybtcÖwµqvRvZKib‡hvM¨ eR©¨

_vgyb!! c−vw÷K mvgMÖx †K‡U‡Qb/†f‡½‡Qb wK? 5 6

11

web/evjwZ wPwýZKiYwbw ©ó eR© †djvi Rb¨ wbw ©ó evjwZwU hv‡Z mn‡RB wPwýZ Kiv hvq Zvi Rb¨ cÖwZwU evjwZi XvKbvi DciGKwU K‡i mZK©Zvg~jK evYx _vK‡Z n‡e| evYxi bgybv wb‡gœ †`qv nj:

aviv‡jv e‡R©¨i Rb¨jvj web/evjwZ/†KŠUv/k³ †evZj

wbwWj, †e−W I Ab¨vb¨ aviv‡jv eR©¨ †djybZvwiL (ïi“)--------------------- ZvwiL (†kl)-----------------------------

wec`RbK

avivj eR©

57

web/evjwZ wPwýZKiYSzuwKc~Y© e‡R© i Rb¨njy web/evjwZ (SuywKc~Y© eR© )

(RxevYybvkK ªeY w`b)i³gvLv

wmwiÄ, m¨vjvBb †mU, e−vW e¨vM, MR, e¨v‡ÛR, K¨v‡_Uvi I ivBm wUDe BZ¨vw` †djyb|

wec`RbK

msµvgK eR©

_vgyb!! c−vw÷K mvgMÖx †K‡U‡Qb/†f‡½‡Qb wK? 58

RxevYybvkK ªeY

avivj eR© I msµvgK eR© msi¶‡Yi cv‡ÎRxevYybvkK wn‡m‡e 0.5% (v/v) †K¬vwib ªeY e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i

†K¬vwib ªeY cÖ ‘Z cÖYvjx

1 0 w jU v i G KwU X v Kbv hy³ G Kw U e v jw Z ‡Z 4.75 w jU v i c w i gv Y c w i ¯‹v ic v w b †X ‡j w bb G es D ³ cv w bi w fZ i 25 M Öv g w e −w Ps c vD Wv i w g w k ‡q fv jfv ‡ebv o–b| A Zt c i e v jw Z i X v Kbv w U 10 w g w bU eÜ K‡i i v Lyb|

59