The Dead Zone: The Dead Zone: Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico.
Gulf Hypoxia and its Impact on Ohio Municipalities.
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Transcript of Gulf Hypoxia and its Impact on Ohio Municipalities.
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Gulf Hypoxia and its Impact on Ohio Municipalities
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www.epa.gov/msbasin
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Hypoxic Zones are Spreading
Diaz & Rosenberg, Science, 2008
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Comprised of:Federal Agencies (EPA, NOAA, USDA, USACE, USGS, DOI)States represented by Agriculture or Environment Departments (AR, IL, IA, LA, MN, MS, MO, OH, TN, WI)
Goals:Examines complex science and policy issues surrounding Gulf Hypoxia Takes collaborative actions to improve water quality
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Goolsby et al. 1999, Rabalais 2002
0.6%58%18%21%[w & w2.4%]
Huge Watershed, Huge Problem
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10
0
2 mg/L
Source: N. Rabalais, LUMCON
21 – 28 July 2007 Bottom-Water Hypoxia
up to 22,000 km24 - 5 m nearshore to 35 - 45 m offshore0.5 km nearshore to 100+ km offshorewidespread and severe in May – Sep
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Brown Shrimp
O2> 2 mg/l
Significant fisheries resources at riskReduced habitatAltered migrationChanges in food resourcesSusceptibility of early life stagesGrowth and reproduction
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Atlantic croaker Brown shrimp
0-1
1-22-4
>4
Dissolved oxygen (mg/l) Catch percentiles+
1-25%
25-50%
50-75%75-100%
0
Craig et al., 2005
NGOMEX 2002 Cruise
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Time Magazine
Nutrients, Increased Growth, Low Oxygen
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no d
ata
h
h
d
d
d droughth hurricane
Source: N. Rabalais, LUMCON
River N load is main long-term driver of hypoxia
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(A) Total Nitrogen (B) Total Phosphorus
Alexander, et al, Environ. Sci. Tech., 2008
Nutrient Delivery to the Gulf of Mexico
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Sub-basin Nitrogen Contribution
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Sub-basin Phosphorus Contribution
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Goals of the 2008 Action Plan
Coastal– Reduce or make significant progress towards
reducing the five-year average areal extent of the hypoxic zone to 5,000 square kilometers
Within Basin– Restore and protect the waters of the 31 states within
the MARB
Quality of Life– Improve communities and economic conditions
across the MARB
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Moving Forward: Implementation
State nitrogen and phosphorus reduction strategies
Federal nitrogen and phosphorus reduction strategies
Annual Operating Plans
Annual Report
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For more information
or to read the Action Plan visit:
http://www.epa.gov/owow_keep/msbasin/
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Ohio River Basin Team
A partnership helping to protect and restore local waters and
the Gulf of Mexico
John Kessler, Ohio DNR
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Ohio River BasinSteering Committee MembersIllinois Dept of AgricultureIndiana Dept of Environmental ManagementKentucky Dept of Environmental ProtectionKentucky Division of ConservationOhio Dept of Natural ResourcesOhio EPAPennsylvania Conservation CommissionTennessee Dept of Environmental ConsWest Virginia Conservation AgencyWest Virginia Dept of AgricultureWest Virginia Dept of Environmental ProtectionORSANCO
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The Ohio River Basin
NY
PA
IL IN OH
KY
WV VA
NC TN
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Biggest ChallengesAbsence of clear drivers (but this may change)– Financial (some funds shifted)
– Regulatory (nutrient criteria, TMDLs in-state and interstate or regional???)
– Public Opinion (climate change, energy)
– Working voluntarily in advance of regulation
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Program Integration and Implementation Examples from Ohio
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Typical Eastern Corn Belt Field with Conservation Tillage
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Combinations of Practices
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Rural Drainage
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Rural Drainage
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Urban Stormwater BMP
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Scioto CREP practice
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Scioto CREP practice
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WQ Trading Example (holding pond and plan needed)
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Urban CSO
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Urban CSO
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Public Treatment Works
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Nutrient Load Reductions2006 Examples
Scioto Watershed CREP – 57,000 out of 70,000 acres enrolled– 36,000 lb. P/yr– 73,000 lb. N/yr
Great Miami Trading – 68,000 lb. P over 5 to 20 years– 176,000 lb. N over 5 to 20 years
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Thank You