Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009) by,,,,,,,,,,,,, Angel Moya,...

Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009)

by , , , , , , , , , , , , , Angel Moya, Richard Sutton, Fabrizio Ammirati, Jean-Jacques Blanc, Michele Brignole, Johannes B. Dahm, Jean-Claude Deharo, Jacek Gajek,

Knut Gjesdal, Andrew Krahn, Martial Massin, Mauro Pepi, Thomas Pezawas, Ricardo Ruiz Granell, Francois Sarasin, Andrea Ungar, J. Gert van Dijk, Edmond P. Walma, Wouter Wieling, , Haruhiko Abe, David G. Benditt, Wyatt W. Decker, Blair P. Grubb, Horacio Kaufmann, Carlos Morillo, Brian Olshansky, Steve W. Parry, Robert

Sheldon, Win K. Shen, , Alec Vahanian, Angelo Auricchio, Jeroen Bax, Claudio Ceconi, Veronica Dean, Gerasimos Filippatos, Christian Funck-Brentano, Richard Hobbs, Peter Kearney, Theresa McDonagh, Keith McGregor, Bogdan A. Popescu,

Zeljko Reiner, Udo Sechtem, Per Anton Sirnes, Michal Tendera, Panos Vardas, Petr Widimsky, , Angelo Auricchio, Esmeray Acarturk, Felicita Andreotti, Riccardo

Asteggiano, Urs Bauersfeld, Abdelouahab Bellou, Athanase Benetos, Johan Brandt, Mina K. Chung, Pietro Cortelli, Antoine Da Costa, Fabrice Extramiana, José Ferro, Bulent Gorenek, Antti Hedman, Rafael Hirsch, Gabriela Kaliska, Rose Anne Kenny,

Keld Per Kjeldsen, Rachel Lampert, Henning Mølgard, Rain Paju, Aras Puodziukynas, Antonio Raviele, Pilar Roman, Martin Scherer, Ronald Schondorf,

Rosa Sicari, Peter Vanbrabant, Christian Wolpert, and Jose Luis Zamorano

EHJVolume 30(21):2631-2671

November 1, 2009

© The European Society of Cardiology 2009. All rights reserved. For permissions please email: [email protected]

Context of transient loss of consciousness (T-LOC).

Developed in collaboration with et al. Eur Heart J 2009;30:2631-2671


Pathophysiological basis of the classification (see text).



A case of ‘initial orthostatic hypotension’ (left panel) and of ‘classical orthostatic hypotension’ (right panel).



Reflex syncope (mixed form) induced by tilt testing in a 31-year-old (upper panel) and in a 69-year-old patient (lower panel).



Schematic presentation of the distribution of age and cumulative incidence of first episode of syncope in the general population from subjects up to 80 years is shown.



Syncope events/visits per 1000 patient-years in The Netherlands (from Ganzeboom et al.27 with permission).



Diagnostic flowchart in patients with suspected T-LOC.



Treatment of syncope.



Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009) by,,,,,,,,,,,,, Angel Moya,...

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