Guidance for Evidential Evidential Drug Drug ... · this guidance applies only to case disposals...
Transcript of Guidance for Evidential Evidential Drug Drug ... · this guidance applies only to case disposals...
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EvidentialDrug
Testing in Police Stations
Identification
Guidance for
EvidentialDrug
Testing in Police Stations
Identification
Guidance for
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Section Page
1 Preface 2
2 EvidentialDrugIdentificationTest(EDIT)Process 4
EditProcesschart 4
2.1EditProcess 6
2.2disputedtestProcedure 8
2.3 Roles 9
2.3.1 ArrestingOfficer 9
2.3.2 tester 11
2.3.3investigatingOfficer 12
2.3.4 CustodyOfficer 13
2.3.5 EvidentialReviewOfficerandCPSLawyer 14
2.3.6 PACEinspector 16
2.3.7 CustodyManager 17
2.3.8 ForensicManager 18
2.3.9 CJUManager 19
2.3.10 CaseClerks 20
2.3.11 PropertyStoreManager 21
3 Approvals 22
4 Appendices
A ExampleMG11 23
B NoticeregardingtheEditanddisputedtestprocedures 24
C disputedtestProcedure 25
DApprovedtraining 26
E designatedPersonnelapprovedtousedtK 27
F ApproveddtK 28
5 Glossary 29
Contents
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1.1 IntroductiontheEditprocessmakesuseofHomeOfficeapproveddrugtestingkits(dtK)andaCPSapprovedstagedreportingprocesstoallowacasedisposaldecisiontobemadeindrugpossessioncaseswithouthavingtobailthepersontoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theprocesshasbeensuccessfullypilotedintheMetropolitanPoliceService,MerseysidePoliceandNottinghamshirePolice.itsimplifiesandspeedsupthecriminaljusticeprocessinlinewithSimpleSpeedySummaryJustice(CJSSS)objectives.itassiststimelytreatmentinterventionsandmakessignificantsavingsinpolicetimeandforensicsubmissioncosts.1
1.2 BackgroundHomeOfficeCircular40of1998allowstheuseofapproveddrugtestingkits.thesekitsidentifycontrolleddrugsinuncontestedpossessioncaseswherethearrestedpersonhascorrectlyidentifiedthedrugbeforeknowingthetestresult.identificationbyanexperienced2policeofficercanbeusedincannabiscases.HomeOfficeCircular10of2005extendedthedtKrangetoincludecocaineaswellasopiatesandamphetamines.
take-upofthesekitshasvariedfromforcetoforce.thisisbecausetheyareusedonlyinuncontestedcaseswhichsomepeoplethinkinducesoffenderstobeuncooperative.Forinstance,iftheydon’tcooperatetheywillbequicklybailedfromthecustodysuite.However,iftheydocooperatetheyarelikelytobeincustodyalotlonger.
Edit,incorporatingthestagedreportingprocess,removesthisincentivebecausethedtKscanbeusedincontestedanduncontestedcases.
1.3 Staged Reporting Processthestagedreportingprocessissuccessfullybeingusedforfingerprintidentificationevidence.ithasalsobeentrialledfordNAevidence.
Fullforensicidentificationevidenceisonlyprovidedincaseswhereevidenceofidentityischallenged.thismeansalesspreciseformofidentificationisenoughforthemajorityofprosecutions.Considerablecostandtimesavingsaremadewithoutharmingtheintegrityofindividualcases.
thestagedreportingprocessisusedinexactlythesamewaywithEdit.dtKsareusedtoallowimmediatecasedisposaldecisions.Anexperiencedofficer’sidentificationcanbeusedincannabiscases.indrugpossessionoffencecharges,whereidentificationischallengedincourt,aforensicscientistwillcarryoutacomprehensivedruganalysis.thisiscalledthedisputedtestprocedureinthisguidance.
Section 1 Preface
1.theevaluationfoundthatEalingBorough–theMPSpilotsite-wouldsave£13,600inforensiccostsonanaverageofjustover60casespermonth.Afurtherminimumof£294,000instaffingcostswouldalsobesaved.EalingBoroughhadusedtheuncontesteddrugtestingkitprocedurebeforethepilot.ifithadnotitisestimatedthattheforensicsavingswouldhavebeentripledandthestaffsavingswouldhavebeendoubled.
2.identificationevidencebyanexperiencedpoliceofficerhasbeenacceptedbytheCrownProsecutionServicesince1987forpossessiononlyofcannabiscases.
Sect
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refa
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It simplifies and speeds up the criminal justice process
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1.4 Possession cases onlythisguidanceappliesonlytocasedisposalsforcontrolleddrugpossessioncases.ifthecasedisposalisforanyotheroffence,suchaspossessionwithintenttosupply,thecorrectprocedureistosubmitthesuspectedcontrolleddrug(SCd)forforensicanalysis.thisisbecause,indrugtraffickingcases,thecourtmayneedweightandpurityinformationtomakecorrectsentencingdecisions.thisinformationisalsovaluableforintelligencepurposes.
1.5 Magistrates’ and youth courts onlytheguidanceonlyappliestocourtcasesheardatMagistrates’andYouthCourts.AstatementfromaforensicscientistidentifyingtheSCdmayberequiredifthecaseisreferredtoaCrownCourt.
1.6 EDIT staged reporting process – young peopletheEditstagedreportingprocesscanequallyapplytoyoungpeople.theonlydifferenceisthatawarningorreprimandreplacesacautionasacasedisposaloption.Whetherornottheyoungpersonneedstobebailedtoreturnpendingacasedisposaldecisionshouldalsobeconsidered.
1.7 EDIT staged reporting process – cannabisMostcannabispossessioncaseswillbedealtwithbyacannabiswarning.theEditstagedreportingprocessforcannabisapplieswherethecannabiswarningoptionisnotappropriate.
iftheSCdissuspectedtobecannabis,thedtKisreplacedbysightandsmellevidencefromanofficerexperiencedininvestigatingcannabisoffences.theofficer(s)positivelyidentifyingtheSCdascannabismustclearlyshowtheirgroundsintheirarrestnotesorinawitnessstatement.
Section � : Pref�ce
This guidance applies only to case disposals for controlled drug possession cases
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Section 2 Evidentialdrugidentificationtest(Edit)Process
Sect
ion
� : E
vid
enti
al D
rug
Iden
tifi
cati
on
Tes
t (E
DIT
) P
roce
ss
1 52 3 4
Decision makers: colour key
Submit for forensic analysis
Arresting Officer
Custody Officer
Tester
Investigating Officer
Evidential Review Officer
CPS
What if there’s a significant delay seeing the custody officer?
If a negative EDIT is likely to lead to a de-arrest and release then the test can sometimes be carried out earlier. See page 10
What if more SCDs are found?
Restart the EDIT process from the beginning with the new Arrest
What if the detainee was originally arrested for PWITS?
If the detainee was arrested for Possession With Intent To Supply and the offence is later changed to one of Possession, then the process can start with the test at Stage 3
Arrested for drug
possessionCase disposal:
caution or charge
Custody Officer provided with
evidence of arrest. Detention authorised
EDIT carried out. Necessary paperwork complete. Notice
explaining disputed test procedure given to suspect.
See Appendices B and C
Result is positive
What if there’s a negative result?
Is there evidence to support the offence of
attempted possession?
Are there still reasonable grounds to suspect the
SCD is a controlled drug?
NO
Exit EDIT process
NO
YES
YES
CPS approvecharge?
What if the the suspect does not admit the offence?
Is there evidence of other drug
offences?
Charge for drugpossession
appropriate?
NO
NO
No Further Action
No Further Action
Exit EDIT process
ChargeNO
YES
YES
YES
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1 52 3 4
Decision makers: colour key
Submit for forensic analysis
Arresting Officer
Custody Officer
Tester
Investigating Officer
Evidential Review Officer
CPS
What if there’s a significant delay seeing the custody officer?
If a negative EDIT is likely to lead to a de-arrest and release then the test can sometimes be carried out earlier. See page 10
What if more SCDs are found?
Restart the EDIT process from the beginning with the new Arrest
What if the detainee was originally arrested for PWITS?
If the detainee was arrested for Possession With Intent To Supply and the offence is later changed to one of Possession, then the process can start with the test at Stage 3
Arrested for drug
possessionCase disposal:
caution or charge
Custody Officer provided with
evidence of arrest. Detention authorised
EDIT carried out. Necessary paperwork complete. Notice
explaining disputed test procedure given to suspect.
See Appendices B and C
Result is positive
What if there’s a negative result?
Is there evidence to support the offence of
attempted possession?
Are there still reasonable grounds to suspect the
SCD is a controlled drug?
NO
Exit EDIT process
NO
YES
YES
CPS approvecharge?
What if the the suspect does not admit the offence?
Is there evidence of other drug
offences?
Charge for drugpossession
appropriate?
NO
NO
No Further Action
No Further Action
Exit EDIT process
ChargeNO
YES
YES
YES
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EditProcess
2.1 EDIT Process ChartthepreviouspagechartstheEditprocess.ithighlightsthedecisionstobemadeandwhoshouldmakethem.thearrestingofficer,thetester,theinvestigatingofficer,thecustodyofficer,theevidentialreviewofficer(ERO)3,andtheCrownProsecutionService(CPS),makedecisionsintheprocess.thearrestingofficer,thetesterandinvestigatingofficercanbethesamepersonortwoorthreedifferentpeople.Anexplanationofthechartfollows:
2.1.1 ArrestAnarrestforpossessionofacontrolleddrugoftentakesplaceinthestreetorotherplaceawayfromthecustodysuite.thatmeansthearrestedpersonandSCdhavetobetakentothepolicestationandcustodysuite.innormalcircumstancesthearrestedpersonwillseethecustodyofficerwithoutunduedelay.However,undercertaincircumstancesanEditcantakeplaceinthepolicestationbeforethearrestedpersonseesthecustodyofficer4.AnexampleiswhenthereislikelytobeasignificantdelayandanegativeEditmaymeanthepersoncanbede-arrestedandreleased5.thearrestingofficershouldconsiderthefollowingpointsiftheEditisnegative:
AretherestillgroundstoreasonablysuspecttheSCdisacontrolleddrug?BearinmindthattheHomeOfficeapproveddtKsdonotdetectallcontrolleddrugs.
isthereevidencetosupportanattemptedpossessionofacontrolleddrugoffence?
iftheanswerisnotoboththesequestionsthepersonshouldbede-arrestedandreleased.thearrestingofficershouldcompletenotesofarrestandgivethedetailstothecustodyofficer.Acustodyrecordcanthenbecompletedshowingthatthepersonhadcometothepolicestationbutwasde-arrestedbeforeseeingthecustodyofficer.thetesterwillcompleteanMG11(AppendixA)showingthenegativeresultsoftheEdit(s).6
iftheanswerisyestoeitherquestion,thepersonshouldbetakentothecustodyofficerinthenormalway.
Anarrestforpossessionofacontrolleddrugcanalsotakeplaceinsidethecustodysuite.thisiswhenaperson,alreadyunderarrest,issearchedandanSCdisfound.
2.1.2 Detention and further searches authorised thecustodyofficerhearsandreviewstheevidenceofarrestandmakesdecisionsaboutauthorisingdetentionandfurthersearches.Wherenecessarythisisdoneinconsultationwithaninspectororabove,forinstanceinsection18PACEsearches.
ifdetentionisauthorisedanEditiscarriedoutassoonaspossible.thiswillnormallybeatthesamestageasLiveScan,druginterventionsProgramme(diP)testing,anddNAswabsarecarriedout.
3.theEROisthepersonwhomakesthecasedisposaldecision.
4.itshouldbenotedthatinover700arrestsduringthepilotsiteevaluationperiodthisoptionwasnotusedonce.
5.Forinstance,notalsounderarrestforaseparateoffence.
6.thestreamlinedprocessbeingintroducedbytheCPSwillintroducenewformsthatremovetheneedfortheMG11incertaincases.theEditprocesscanbeeasilyadaptedtoconformtothis.
If detention is authorised an EDIT is carried out as soon as possible
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2.1.3 Arrest for possession with intent to supply (PWITS) but possession case disposalitisnotunusualforaninvestigationtostartoffasacaseofPWitSbutreverttoacaseofdisposalforpossession.thishappenswhenthereisinsufficientevidenceofintenttosupply.theEditprocedurecanbeadoptedassoonasitisdecidedtotreattheinvestigationasapossessiononlyoffence.
itmustbeborneinmindthatifthequantityofdrugissignificantandthisneedstobebroughttotheattentionofthecourtforsentencingpurposes,forensicanalysisshouldalsobeconsidered,astheweightwillalsobeprovided.Alternativelytheofficerinthecaseshouldmakesurethedrugsaretakentocourtandshowntothemagistrate(s).
2.1.4 The EDITAtester,trainedtousethedtK,carriesouttheEdit.thismustbedoneinacontrolledenvironmentinthepolicestationtoaddresscross-contaminationissues.thereismorethanonetypeofdtKandtheprocesswillbedifferentforeach.Allproduceavisualresultwithinminutes.
thetestercompletesanMG11recordingtheEditresult.thedtKisspecifictoaparticulardrugtypeortypes.thereforeitisacceptablefortheSCdtobesubjecttomorethanoneEditusingdifferentdtKs.Cautionshouldbeusedwhenonlydrugtracesarepresent.thisisbecausefurtherforensicanalysismaybeneededifthedisputedtestprocedureisinitiated.
togetherwiththearrestingofficer,thetesterisresponsibleformakingsuretheSCd’scontinuityevidenceisproperlyrecorded.theyarealsoresponsibleformakingsureitisproperlypackagedandexhibited.thisallowsadisputedtestproceduretobecarriedout.
2.1.5 DisclosurethearrestedpersonwillbeinformedoftheEditresult.theywillreceiveacopyofthecompletedMG11(s)(AppendixA)andanoticeregardingtheEditProcess,anddisputedtestprocedures(AppendixB).
2.1.6 Negative EDITAnegativeEditresultrequirestheinvestigatingofficerand/ortheEROtoconsiderwhethertherearestillgroundstosuspectthattheSCdisacontrolleddrugthatthedtKarenotdesignedtoidentifyorifthereissufficientevidenceforanattemptedpossessioncasedisposal.Nofurtheractionisnecessaryifneitheroftheseapplies.
2.1.7 Positive EDITApositiveEditgivesenoughevidencethattheSCdisanamed7controlleddrugtoallowacharge.Evidenceofpossessionisalsoneededtoproveanoffence.thiswillnormallybeprovidedinthearrestingofficer’snotesofarrest.Aninterviewisunnecessaryifthenotescontainadmissionsofpossessionandaresignedbythearrestedperson.theEROthenconsiderswhethertochargeorcautiontheperson.
iftherearenoadmissions,aninterviewshouldtakeplace.ifthepersonadmitstopossessionintheinterview,theEROagaindecidesbetweenchargeorcaution.ifnoadmissionsaremade,theCPSreviewstheevidenceanddecidesbetweenchargeandnofurtheraction.
7.thespecificityofEditdependsonthedtK.trainingintheuseofthedtKincludesguidanceregardingtheappropriatechargeorcautionwordingtobeused.
Section � : EDIT process
1 52 3 4
Decision makers: colour key
Submit for forensic analysis
Arresting Officer
Custody Officer
Tester
Investigating Officer
Evidential Review Officer
CPS
What if there’s a significant delay seeing the custody officer?
If a negative EDIT is likely to lead to a de-arrest and release then the test can sometimes be carried out earlier. See page 10
What if more SCDs are found?
Restart the EDIT process from the beginning with the new Arrest
What if the detainee was originally arrested for PWITS?
If the detainee was arrested for Possession With Intent To Supply and the offence is later changed to one of Possession, then the process can start with the test at Stage 3
Arrested for drug
possessionCase disposal:
caution or charge
Custody Officer provided with
evidence of arrest. Detention authorised
EDIT carried out. Necessary paperwork complete. Notice
explaining disputed test procedure given to suspect.
See Appendices B and C
Result is positive
What if there’s a negative result?
Is there evidence to support the offence of
attempted possession?
Are there still reasonable grounds to suspect the
SCD is a controlled drug?
NO
Exit EDIT process
NO
YES
YES
CPS approvecharge?
What if the the suspect does not admit the offence?
Is there evidence of other drug
offences?
Charge for drugpossession
appropriate?
NO
NO
No Further Action
No Further Action
Exit EDIT process
ChargeNO
YES
YES
YES
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Sect
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� : E
DIT
pro
cess
2.2 Disputed Test ProcedurethedisputedtestprocedureiswheretheEditprocessincorporatesthestagedreportingprocess.Significantly,thedisputedtestprocedurewasusedonlyonceinover700casesatthepilotsitesduringtheevaluationperiod.
ifachargedperson8conteststhecorrectnessofthedtKidentification,afullforensicidentificationanalysiscanbecompleted.
thedisputedtestprocedureisinitiatedifanaccusedpersonpleadsnotguiltyatthefirsthearingandinformsthecourttheyaredisputingtheEdit.
theCrownProsecutionService(CPS)shouldthenrequestasevendayremandpendingtheSCdforensicanalysis.theCPSshouldinformtheCJUwhowillretrievetherelevantexhibitfromthepropertystore.Aftercompletingtheappropriatedocumentation(MGFSP)theyshouldasktheirforensicmanagertoauthoriseurgentanalysisfromaforensicprovider.
theforensicscientistwhocarriesouttheanalysissuppliestheresultinastatement.thisisincludedinthecasepapersforthenextcourthearing.
thisresultsupersedesthedtKEditresult.9itmaybepossibletoclaimthecostoftheadditionalforensicanalysisfromtheaccusediftheyarefoundguilty.thecourtwilldecidewhetherornotitisappropriatetoawardcoststothepoliceinthesecircumstances.10
thedisputedtestprocedurecanbeinitiatedbytheCPSatanystageifitconsidersittobeinthepublicinterest.
itshouldbenotedintheaboveEditstagedreportingprocessthatthepolicecanalsoinitiateaforensicanalysis.thisiswhentheEditresultisnegativeandtherearecontinuedgroundstoreasonablysuspecttheSCdisacontrolleddrug.
PolicealsohavethediscretiontosubmitanSCdforforensicanalysisdespiteapositiveEdit.inthesecircumstancesthepersoncanstillbecharged.However,theinvestigatingofficermustmakesuretheresultisknownbeforethefirsthearing.thisissothattheCPS,thedefence,andthecourtareawareoftheresult.
SeeAppendixCregardingdetailsofthedisputedtestprocedure. 8.thedtKidentificationshouldbetreatedascorrecttomakesurethearrestedpersondoesnotmisusethedisputedtestproceduretodelayprosecution.Acasedisposaldecisionshouldbemadebasedonthatevidence.
9.AsanalternativetheforensicanalysiscanbecarriedoutbeforethefirstcourtcaseifitisknownthatthepersonchallengesthedtKidentificationatcharge.thedisadvantageisthattheanalysismaybeunnecessarybecausethepersonmayhavechangedtheirmindbythetimeofthecourtcase.
10.thisisyettobetestedastherewasonlyonedisputedtestprocedureinthepilotandnocostswereappliedfor.theargumentisthatthepoliceinvestigationiscompletepriortocharge.theforensictestisfordefencepurposes.
The disputed test procedure is initiated if an accused person pleads not guilty
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PoliceofficersandstaffperformroleswithintheEditprocess.theprocessisoutlinedbelowforthebenefitofthoseinvolved.theyneedonlyreadtheparagraphsthatapplytothem.
2.3.1 Arresting Officerthisprocessappliestodrugpossessionarrestsandinvestigations.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisiontobemadewithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theEditproceduremusttakeplaceinacontrolledenvironmentwithinapolicestation.
thearrestingofficer,testerandtheinvestigatingofficercanbethesameperson.Likewisetheycanbetwoorthreedifferentpeople.
therearetwopossiblescenariosthatresultinanarrestforpossessionofacontrolleddrug:
thearresttakesplaceinthestreet,premises,etc.awayfromthecustodysuite.
thepersonisfurtherarrestedwhileinthecustodysuite.thiswillbenormallybeasaresultofanauthorisedsearch,egundersection54PACEorsection18PACEsearch.
EDITAnytrainedofficerormemberofpolicestaffcanundertaketheEdit.ifthearrestingofficerdoesn’tdotheEditthemselves,theyshouldtellthetesterwhichdrug(s)theysuspectthesubstancetobe.
2.3.Roles
Scenario 1thearrestedpersonandSCdaretakentothecustodysuite.theevidenceofarrestisgiventothecustodyofficerinthenormalway.thebooking-inprocedureiscompletedincludingtheauthorisationforfurthersearches.
OncethisisdoneLiveScan;photographs;druginterventionProgramme(diP)drugtesting;anddNAsamplingtakeplaceasnecessary.AtthisstageanEditshouldbecarriedout.
Scenario 2theSCdcanbeseizedduringasearchofanarrestedpersonwhileincustody(section54PACE).Oritcouldbetheresultofapremisessearchwhilethepersonisincustody(usuallysection18PACEsearch).theEditshouldbecarriedoutassoonaspossibleafterthearrestedpersonandthecustodyofficerhavebeentoldofthefurtherarrest.
Section � : EDIT process
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EvidenceContinuityevidenceregardingthesuspecteddrugmustberecorded;generally,thiswillbeinthearrestingofficerorsearchingofficer’snotes.itshouldalsoberecordedinthestatementofthepersonwhocarriesouttheidentificationtest.Additionallythearrestingofficerisresponsibleforclearlyoutlininginthearrestnotesthereasonablegroundsforsuspectingthesubstanceisacontrolleddrug.
thisisparticularlyimportantintheEditprocessasitaddsvaliditytoapositivetestthatcansupportachargeorcaution.thereasonablegroundswillincludeadmissions,thewaythesubstanceiswrapped,whereitwasfoundanditsappearance.inthecaseofcannabis,itwillincludeitssmell.
Atapedinterviewmaybeunnecessarybeforecautionorchargeifthearrestingofficer’snotesrecordadmissionssignedbythearrestedperson.
Significant wait for custody officerAnEditcanbecarriedoutbeforethedetaineeispresentedtothecustodyofficerif:
thearresthastakenplaceoutsidethecustodysuite,and
thereisasignificantwaitatthepolicestationforacustodyofficer,and
anegativeEditislikelytoleadtoade-arrestandrelease.
thepersonshouldbede-arrestedandreleased,unlesstheyareunderarrestforanotheroffence,if:
theEditisnegative,and
therearenoreasonablegroundstosuspectthesubstanceisacontrolleddrug,and
thereisinsufficientevidencetosuspectthepersonhascommittedtheoffenceofattemptedpossession.
thefollowingmustbecompleted:
Notesofarrest;
MG11ofdrugidentificationprocedureandresult;
disclaimersignedbythepersonarrestedforthesubstanceifitisnotrestored;and
detailsforaskeletoncustodyrecord.
iftheEditidentifiesacontrolleddrugtheevidencewillbegiventothecustodyofficerwhenavailable.Likewiseif,despitethenegativeEditresult,therearestillgroundsforthepersontoremainunderarrestthepersonshouldbepresentedtothecustodyofficer.theevidenceofarrestandthenegativetestshouldbegiven,togetherwithgroundsforcontinuingtojustifythearrest.
The EDIT procedure must take place in a controlled environment within a police station
Sect
ion
� : E
DIT
pro
cess
1 52 3 4
Decision makers: colour key
Submit for forensic analysis
Arresting Officer
Custody Officer
Tester
Investigating Officer
Evidential Review Officer
CPS
What if there’s a significant delay seeing the custody officer?
If a negative EDIT is likely to lead to a de-arrest and release then the test can sometimes be carried out earlier.
What if more SCDs are found?
Restart the EDIT process from the beginning with the new Arrest
What if the detainee was originally arrested for PWITS?
If the detainee was arrested for Possession With Intent To Supply and the offence is later changed to one of Possession, then the process can start with the test at Stage 3
Arrested for drug
possessionCase disposal:
caution or charge
Custody Officer provided with
evidence of arrest. Detention authorised
EDIT carried out. Necessary paperwork complete. Notice
explaining disputed test procedure given to suspect.
See Appendices C and D
Result is positive
What if there’s a negative result?
Is there evidence to support the offence of
attempted possession?
Are there still reasonable grounds to suspect the
SCD is a controlled drug?
NO
Exit EDIT process
NO
YES
YES
CPS approvecharge?
What if the the suspect does not admit the offence?
Is there evidence of other drug
offences?
Charge for drugpossession
appropriate?
NO
NO
No Further Action
No Further Action
Exit EDIT process
ChargeNO
YES
YES
YES
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2.3.2 The Testerthisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theEditproceduremusttakeplaceinacontrolledenvironmentwithinapolicestation.
AnEditcanonlybecarriedoutbytrainedpoliceofficersorpolicestaff(thetester)usingHomeOfficeapproveddrugtestingkits(dtKs).
thearrestingofficer,testerandtheinvestigatingofficercanbethesameperson.Likewisetheycanbetwoorthreedifferentpeople.
thetesterisresponsibleforthecontinuityofevidenceoftheSCd.
theymakesurethat:
theycorrectlytakecustodyoftheSCd;
aftertheEdittheremainingsubstanceissealedinapropertybag,recordedandcorrectlystored;
theSCdandpropertybagreferenceisproperlyrecordedontherelevantcustodyrecord;and
theSCdisloggedinthecustodysuitepropertyregisterandputinthepropertycupboard.
ifthetesterisnotthearrestingofficertheymustfindoutwhichdrugthearrestingofficersuspectstheSCdtobe.iftheEditisnegativeforthatdrugfurtherEditscanbecarriedoutforotherdrugtypes.thisshouldbedoneinconsultationwiththearrestingofficerand/ortheinvestigatingofficer.
thismustnotbeafishingexercise.itmustbeconsistentwiththeevidencethatgavereasonablegroundstomakethearrest.AnMG11(AppendixA)willbecompletedforeachEdit.
thetestermustmakesuretheycloselyfollowthetrainingtheyhavebeengiven.thatincludesbeingdiligentabouthealthandsafety,andcross-contaminationissues.
thetesterwillgiveacompletedMG11totheinvestigatingofficerwiththeEditresult(s).Acopy,orcopies,willbedisclosedtothearrestedperson,theirsolicitor,and/orappropriateadult.
Section � : EDIT process
The tester is responsible for the continuity of evidence of the SCD
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2.3.3 The Investigating Officerthisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theEditproceduremusttakeplaceinacontrolledenvironmentwithinapolicestation.
AnEditcanonlybecarriedoutbytrainedpoliceofficersorpolicestaff(thetester)usingHomeOfficeapproveddrugtestingkits(dtKs).
thearrestingofficer,testerandtheinvestigatingofficercanbethesameperson.Likewisetheycanbetwoorthreedifferentpeople.
thetestergivestheinvestigatingofficerthecompletedMG11(s)togetherwiththeEditresult(s).theinvestigatingofficerdisclosescopy(ies)tothearrestedperson,theirsolicitor,and/orappropriateadultalongwith‘NoticetothearrestedpersonregardingEditandthedisputedtestprocedure’(AppendixB).thisshouldbedoneassoonaspossibleaftertheEditandcertainlybeforeanytapedinterviewtakesplace.
Negative EDIT resultAnegativeEditresultwillnormallyendtheinvestigationofthecontrolleddrugpossessionoffence.Howevertheoffenceofattemptedpossessionshouldbeconsidered.SubmittingtheSCdforforensicanalysisshouldbeconsideredifthereisstillstrongcircumstantialevidencethatitisacontrolleddrug.
Positive EDIT result
iftheEditresultispositive,andthearrestedpersonhasmadenoadmissionsorrefusestosignthearrestingofficer’snotes,theinvestigatingofficerisresponsibleforcarryingoutatapedinterview.
Aspecialwarningshouldbegivenifthepersonrefusesorfailstoanswerquestionsregardingthecontrolleddrugintheirpossession.
theinvestigatingofficerpresentstheevidencetotheEvidentialReviewOfficer(ERO)oncetheinterviewiscompletedorthearrestedpersonsignsthearrestingofficer’snotes.
theEROdeterminesontheappropriatecasedisposal.
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Decision makers: colour key
Submit for forensic analysis
Arresting Officer
Custody Officer
Tester
Investigating Officer
Evidential Review Officer
CPS
What if there’s a significant delay seeing the custody officer?
If a negative EDIT is likely to lead to a de-arrest and release then the test can sometimes be carried out earlier.
What if more SCDs are found?
Restart the EDIT process from the beginning with the new Arrest
What if the detainee was originally arrested for PWITS?
If the detainee was arrested for Possession With Intent To Supply and the offence is later changed to one of Possession, then the process can start with the test at Stage 3
Arrested for drug
possessionCase disposal:
caution or charge
Custody Officer provided with
evidence of arrest. Detention authorised
EDIT carried out. Necessary paperwork complete. Notice
explaining disputed test procedure given to suspect.
See Appendices C and D
Result is positive
What if there’s a negative result?
Is there evidence to support the offence of
attempted possession?
Are there still reasonable grounds to suspect the
SCD is a controlled drug?
NO
Exit EDIT process
NO
YES
YES
CPS approvecharge?
What if the the suspect does not admit the offence?
Is there evidence of other drug
offences?
Charge for drugpossession
appropriate?
NO
NO
No Further Action
No Further Action
Exit EDIT process
ChargeNO
YES
YES
YES
The process allows a case disposal decision without the arrested person being bailed to return pending forensic analysis
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2.3.4 Custody Officerthisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theEditproceduremusttakeplaceinacontrolledenvironmentwithinapolicestation.
AnEditcanonlybecarriedoutbytrainedpoliceofficersorpolicestaff(thetester)usingHomeOfficeapproveddrugtestingkits(dtKs).
thearrestingofficer,testerandtheinvestigatingofficercanbethesameperson.Likewisetheycanbetwoorthreedifferentpeople.
thecustodyofficer’sroleistooverseetheEditstagedreportingprocessinthecustodysuite.thereforetheyshouldhaveanoverviewofthewholeprocess.thecustodyofficershouldfamiliarisethemselveswiththerolesofthearrestingofficer,testingofficer,investigatingofficerandevidentialreviewofficer(ERO).
thecustodyofficershouldbeawarethattheEditmayhavebeendonebeforebooking-in.thiscanhappenifthereisasignificantdelaybeforethearrestedpersonispresentedtothecustodyofficer.
ifthisresultsinthepersonbeingde-arrested,acustodyrecordshouldstillbecompleted.itshouldshowtheavailabledetailsandthatanegativeEditresultremovedthegroundsfordetention.
ifthetestispositivethegroundsforarrestandauthorisingdetentionwillbestrengthened.itshouldbenotedthatanegativeEditwillnotalwaysresultinde-arrestandrelease.
thefollowingwilljustifybringingthearrestedpersontothecustodyofficer:
therearereasonablegroundstosuspectanoffenceofattemptedpossession.(de-arrestforpossession,re-arrestforattemptedpossession).
therecontinuetobereasonablegroundstosuspecttheoffenceofpossessionofacontrolleddrugdespitethenegativeEdit.
thepersonisunderarrestforone,orpossiblymore,offences(de-arrestforpossession).
ifanEdithasnotbeencarriedout,whichwillnormallybethecase,thecustodyofficershouldparticularlyensurethatthereasonablegroundstosuspectthatthesubstanceisacontrolleddrugexistwhenauthorisingdetentionasthisaddsintegritytotheEditprocess.
Section � : EDIT process
This process applies to arrests and investigations of drug possession cases
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2.3.5 Evidential Review Officer (ERO) and the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) lawyerthisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theEditproceduremusttakeplaceinacontrolledenvironmentwithinapolicestation.
AnEditcanonlybecarriedoutbytrainedpoliceofficersorpolicestaff(thetester)usingHomeOfficeapproveddrugtestingkits(dtKs).
thearrestingofficer,testerandtheinvestigatingofficercanbethesameperson.Likewisetheycanbetwoorthreedifferentpeople.
Status of the Drug Testing Kit (DTK)therearedifferenttypesofdtK.Apositiveresultforeachtypeisconsideredtogiveenoughdrugidentificationevidenceforacasedisposaldecisioniftherearesufficientgroundstoreasonablysuspectthesubstanceisacontrolleddrug.thisincludescontestedcases.
thereasonablegroundswillincludeadmissions,thewaythesubstanceiswrapped,whereitwasfound,anditsappearance.inthecaseofcannabisthisincludesthesmell.
Allthoseusingthekitsshouldbeawarethattheydonotdefinitivelyidentifythesubstance.Alsothekitsarenotequivalenttoexaminationofthesubstancebyaforensiclaboratory.thekitresultisonepieceinajigsawofinformation.ifthepiecesdonotfit,andarenotconsistentwitheachother,thesubstanceshouldbesubmittedforlaboratoryanalysis.
thedtKshouldbeseenasawayofconfirmingthearrestingofficer’sreasonablesuspicions.Apersonchargedwiththeoffenceofpossessionofacontrolleddrugcaninitiatethedisputedtestprocedureiftheythinkthetestresultiswrong.theydothisbynotifyingthecourtwhentheypleadnotguilty.thiswillresultinquick-timeforensicanalysiswhilethecaseisremanded.theresultofthesecondbestpossibletestwillsupersedethefirst.
Negative EDIT resultAnegativeEditresultwillnormallyendtheinvestigationofthecontrolleddrugpossessionoffence.Howevertheoffenceofattemptedpossessionshouldbeconsidered.SubmittingtheSCdforforensicanalysisshouldbeconsideredifthereisstillstrongcircumstantialevidencethatitisacontrolleddrug.
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Case Disposal DecisionAcasedisposaldecisioncanbemadeincludingchargeif:
theEROissatisfiedtheevidenceofpossessionissufficient;
thedtKidentifiesacontrolleddrug;or
anexperiencedofficeridentifiescannabis(andthereisnoreasontodoubttheaccuracyoftheidentification);and
thearrestedpersonadmitstheoffenceofpossession.
ifthearrestedpersondoesnotadmittheoffencethecaseshouldbereferredtotheCPSforacasedisposaldecision.thisincludesCPSdirectoutofhours.
inmostcasesitwillbetheevidenceofpossessionthatisdisputed.theCPSlawyerdecideswhetherthereisenoughpoliceevidenceinthenormalway.dtKidentification,oridentificationbyanexperiencedofficerinthecaseofcannabis,couldbedisputed.inthissituationachargeshouldstillbeapprovedunlesstherearereasonstodoubttheaccuracyoftheidentification11.thearrestedpersonhastheopportunitytoinitiatethedisputedtestprocedureaftercharge.
Case PaperstheERO/CPSshouldexpectthefollowinglistofevidencebeforeacasedisposaldecisionismade:
1.SCdseizedbyarrestingofficerandtreatedasanexhibit.
2.Notesofarrestfromarrestingandwitnessingofficers.theyshouldprovideevidenceofpossession,evidencetoreasonablysuspecttheSCdisacontrolleddrug,andcontinuityevidenceabouttheSCd.ifnecessary,theyshouldalsoprovidetheirstatementsbasedonthesenotes.
3.Stop/searchrecordifrelevant.
4.tester’scompletedMG11(s).
5.Evidencethatacopyofthetester’sMG11(s)andthe‘NoticetothearrestedpersonregardingtheEditresultandthedisputedtestprocedure’(AppendixB)hasbeendisclosedtothearrestedperson.
6.Signedadmissioninarrestingofficer’snotesorrecordoftheinterview.
Check List for CPS Lawyer – request for charge in contested case
1.Possessiononly?
2.isthereenoughevidenceofunlawfulpossession?
3.doesthecircumstantialevidenceofseizure,packagingandappearancesupportthecontrolleddrugidentification?
4.Hasatrainedtestermadepositiveidentificationusinganapproveddrugtestingkit?
5.Hasthearrestedpersonortheirrepresentativebeengiven‘NoticetothearrestedpersonregardingtheEditresultandthedisputedtestprocedure’?(AppendixB).
11.ifthereisanydoubt,theSCdshouldbesubmittedforforensicanalysis.
Section � : EDIT process
1 52 3 4
Decision makers: colour key
Submit for forensic analysis
Arresting Officer
Custody Officer
Tester
Investigating Officer
Evidential Review Officer
CPS
What if there’s a significant delay seeing the custody officer?
If a negative EDIT is likely to lead to a de-arrest and release then the test can sometimes be carried out earlier.
What if more SCDs are found?
Restart the EDIT process from the beginning with the new Arrest
What if the detainee was originally arrested for PWITS?
If the detainee was arrested for Possession With Intent To Supply and the offence is later changed to one of Possession, then the process can start with the test at Stage 3
Arrested for drug
possessionCase disposal:
caution or charge
Custody Officer provided with
evidence of arrest. Detention authorised
EDIT carried out. Necessary paperwork complete. Notice
explaining disputed test procedure given to suspect.
See Appendices C and D
Result is positive
What if there’s a negative result?
Is there evidence to support the offence of
attempted possession?
Are there still reasonable grounds to suspect the
SCD is a controlled drug?
NO
Exit EDIT process
NO
YES
YES
CPS approvecharge?
What if the the suspect does not admit the offence?
Is there evidence of other drug
offences?
Charge for drugpossession
appropriate?
NO
NO
No Further Action
No Further Action
Exit EDIT process
ChargeNO
YES
YES
YES
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2.3.6 Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Inspectorthisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theEditproceduremusttakeplaceinacontrolledenvironmentwithinapolicestation.
AnEditcanonlybecarriedoutbytrainedpoliceofficersorpolicestaff(thetester)usingHomeOfficeapproveddrugtestingkits(dtKs).
thearrestingofficer,testerandtheinvestigatingofficercanbethesameperson.Likewisetheycanbetwoorthreedifferentpeople.
thePACEinspectorsupervisesthecustodysuiteandthecustodyofficers.thereforetheyshouldhaveanoverviewofthewholeprocessprovidedbytheguidance.thePACEinspectorshouldfamiliarisethemselveswiththerolesofthecustodyofficer,arrestingofficer,testingofficer,investigatingofficerandevidentialreviewofficer(ERO).
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2.3.7 Custody Manager thisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
thecustodymanagershouldhaveanoverviewofthewholeprocess.thecustodymanagerisinvolvedintheprocessintwoways:
introducesandmanagestheEditprocedureswithinthepolicestationtogetherwiththeforensicmanager;and
managesandsupervisesthecustodyofficers.
EDIT Process
thecustodymanagerisresponsibleforintroducingandmanagingthefollowinginconjunctionwiththeforensicmanager:
trainingenoughEdittesters;
identifyingandequippingasuitableroomwheretheEditshouldbecarriedout;
re-stockingthedrugtestingkits(dtK);and
makingsurerelevantformsareavailable.
Section � : EDIT process
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2.3.8 Forensic Manager thisprocessonlyappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theforensicmanagershouldhaveanoverviewofthewholeprocess.theforensicmanagerisinvolvedinthisprocessintwoways:
introducesandmanagestheEditprocedureswithinthepolicestationtogetherwiththecustodymanager;and
introducesandmanagessystemstoensurefast-timeforensicanalysisofthedrugexhibitwhenthedisputedtestprocedureisinitiated.thisisdonetogetherwiththeCJUandpropertystoremanagers.
EDIT Process
theforensicmanagerwillberesponsibleforintroducingandmanagingthefollowing,togetherwiththecustodymanager:
trainingenoughEdittesters;
identifyingandequippingasuitableroomwheretheEditshouldbecarriedout;
re-stockingthedrugtestingkits(dtK);and
makingsurerelevantformsareavailable.
Disputed Test Procedure12
thedefencecaninitiatethedisputedtestprocedureatthefirstcourthearingwhenpleasaretaken.itistheresponsibilityoftheCPStoinformtheCJUwhenthedisputedtestprocedurehasbeeninitiated.
theremustbeasystemtomakesurethedrugsexhibitissubjecttofast-timeanalysis.thisistheresponsibilityoftheCJUmanagertogetherwiththeforensicandpropertystoremanagers.thesystemmakessuretheresultisavailableatthenextcourthearing,inastatementfromtheforensicscientistwhocarriedouttheanalysis.theremandwillnormallybeforsevendays.
thesystemislikelytoincludeseparatestorage,bythepropertyofficer,ofalldrugsexhibitssubjectedtoachargeofcontrolleddrugpossessionuntilthecourtcaseiscompleted.
WhentheCPSnotifiestheCJUofadisputedtestadedicatedpersonshould:
retrievetheexhibitfromthepropertystore;
completethenecessaryformsforforensicsubmissions;
personallytransporttheexhibittotheforensiclaboratory;
submitwithformsforfast-timeanalysis;
waituntiltheanalysisandstatementfromtheforensicscientistiscomplete;and
transporttheexhibit,statementandotherrelevantpaperworkbacktotheCJU.
thestatementshouldthenbeplacedinthecasepapers.thedrugexhibitshouldbereturnedtothepropertystore.
12.AsanalternativetheforensicanalysiscanbecarriedoutbeforethefirstcourtcaseifitisknownthatthepersonchallengedthedtKidentificationatcharge.thedisadvantageisthatunnecessaryanalysismaybecarriedoutbecausethepersonmayhavechangedtheirmindbythetimeofthetimeofthecourtcase.
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2.3.9 Criminal Justice Unit (CJU) Managerthisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theCJUmanagershouldhaveanoverviewofthewholeprocess.theCJUmanagerisinvolvedinthisprocessintwoways:
managesthesupervisionofthecasepapersforcourt;and
introducesandmanagessystemstoensurefast-timeforensicanalysisofthedrugexhibitwhenthedisputedtestprocedureisinitiated.thisisdonetogetherwiththeforensicmanagerandpropertystoremanager,
Case Papersthefollowingisalistofevidenceneededforacourtcase:
1.SCdseizedbyarrestingofficerandtreatedasanexhibit.
2.Notesofarrestfromarrestingandwitnessingofficers.theyshouldprovideevidenceofpossession,evidencetoreasonablysuspecttheSCdisacontrolleddrug,andcontinuityevidenceabouttheSCd.ifnecessary,theyshouldalsoprovidetheirstatementsbasedonthesenotes.
3.Stop/searchrecordifrelevant.
4.tester’scompletedMG11(s).
5.Evidencethatacopyofthetester’sMG11(s)andthe‘NoticetothearrestedpersonregardingtheEditresultandthedisputedtestprocedure’(AppendixB)hasbeendisclosedtothearrestedperson.
6.Signedadmissioninarrestingofficer’snotesorrecordoftheinterview.
7.documentaryevidenceofcasedisposaldecision.
8.ifthedisputedtestprocedureisinitiated,astatementfromtheforensicscientistwiththesecondarytestresult.
Disputed Test Procedure13 thedefencecaninitiatethedisputedtestprocedureatthefirstcourthearingwhenpleasaretaken.itistheresponsibilityoftheCPStoinformtheCJUwhenthedisputedtestprocedurehasbeeninitiated.
theremustbeasystemtomakesurethedrugsexhibitissubjecttofast-timeanalysis.thisistheresponsibilityoftheCJUmanagertogetherwiththeforensic,andpropertystoremanagers.thesystemmakessuretheresultisavailableatthenextcourthearinginastatementfromtheforensicscientistwhocarriedouttheanalysis.theremandwillnormallybeforsevendays.
thesystemislikelytoincludeseparatestoragebythepropertyofficerofalldrugsexhibitssubjectedtoachargeofcontrolleddrugpossessionuntilthecourtcaseiscompleted.
13.AsanalternativetheforensicanalysiscanbecarriedoutbeforethefirstcourtcaseifitisknownthatthepersonchallengesthedtKidentificationatcharge.thedisadvantageisunnecessaryanalysismaybecarriedoutbecausethepersonmayhavechangedtheirmindbythetimeofthetimeofthecourtcase.
Section � : EDIT process
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WhentheCPSnotifiestheCJUofadisputedtestadedicatedpersonshouldretrievetheexhibitfromthepropertystore.Aftercompletingappropriatedocumentation(MGFSP)theyshouldarrangeanurgentanalysisfromtheappropriateforensicprovider.theyshoulddothisthroughtheirforensicmanager.
theresult,detailedinastatementbytheforensicscientistwhocarriedouttheanalysis,isincludedinthecasepapersforthenextcourthearing.thisresultsupersedesthedtKEditresult.thedrugexhibitisreturnedtothepropertystore.
2.3.9 Criminal Justice Unit (CJU) Case Clerksthisprocessappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.itcanalsoapplytoaninvestigationthatstartsasPWitSbutrevertstopossessiononlycasedisposal.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
theCriminalJusticeUnit(CJU)caseclerksshouldhaveanoverviewofthewholeprocess.
Case Papersthefollowingevidenceisneededforacourtcase:
1.SCdseizedbyarrestingofficerandtreatedasanexhibit.
2.Notesofarrestfromarresting,andwitnessingofficers.theyshouldprovideevidenceofpossession,evidencetoreasonablysuspecttheSCdisacontrolleddrug,andcontinuityevidenceabouttheSCd.ifnecessary,theyshouldalsoprovidetheirstatementsbasedonthesenotes.
3.Stop/searchrecordifrelevant.
4.tester’scompletedMG11(s).
5.Evidencethatacopyofthetester’sMG11(s)andthe‘NoticetothearrestedpersonregardingtheEditresultandthedisputedtestprocedure’(AppendixB)hasbeendisclosedtothearrestedperson.
6.Signedadmissioninarrestingofficer’snotesorrecordoftheinterview.
7.documentaryevidenceofcasedisposaldecision.
8.ifthedisputedtestprocedureisinitiated,astatementfromtheforensicscientist,withthesecondarytestresult.
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2.3.10 Property Store Manager thisprocessonlyappliestoarrestsandinvestigationsofdrugpossessioncases.
theprocessallowsacasedisposaldecisionwithoutthearrestedpersonbeingbailedtoreturnpendingforensicanalysis.
thepropertystoremanagerintroducesandmanagessystemstoensurefast-timeforensicanalysisofthedrugexhibitwhenthedisputedtestprocedureisinitiated.thisisdonetogetherwiththecriminaljusticeunit(CJU)managerandforensicmanager.
Disputed Test Procedure14 thedefencecaninitiatethedisputedtestprocedureatthefirstcourthearingwhenpleasaretaken.itistheresponsibilityoftheCPStoinformtheCJUwhenthedisputedtestprocedurehasbeeninitiated.
theremustbeasystemtomakesurethedrugsexhibitissubjecttofast-timeanalysis.thisistheresponsibilityoftheCJUmanagertogetherwiththeforensicmanagerandpropertystoremanager.thesystemmakessuretheresultisavailableatthenextcourthearinginastatementfromtheforensicscientistwhocarriedouttheanalysis.theremandwillnormallybeforsevendays.
thesystemislikelytoincludeseparatestoragebythepropertyofficerofalldrugsexhibitssubjectedtoachargeofcontrolleddrugpossessionuntilthecourtcaseiscompleted.
WhentheCPSnotifiestheCJUofadisputedtestadedicatedpersonshouldretrievetheexhibitfromthepropertystore.Aftercompletingappropriatedocumentation(MGFSP)theyshouldarrangeanurgentanalysisfromtheappropriateforensicprovider.theyshoulddothisthroughtheirforensicmanager.
theresult,detailedinastatementbytheforensicscientistwhocarriedouttheanalysis,isincludedinthecasepapersforthenextcourthearing.thisresultsupersedesthedtKEditresult.thedrugexhibitisreturnedtothepropertystore
14.AsanalternativetheforensicanalysiscanbecarriedoutbeforethefirstcourtcaseifitisknownthatthepersonchallengesthedtKidentificationatcharge.thedisadvantageisthatunnecessaryanalysismaybecarriedoutbecausethepersonmayhavechangedtheirmindbythetimeofthetimeofthecourtcase.
Section � : EDIT process
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3.1. EDIT ApprovalACPO,CPSandNPiAapprovetheEditprocessoutlinedinthisguidance.
3.2. Approved TestersthetestersintheEditprocessmustbeapproved.Apersonbecomesanapprovedtesterbypassinganapprovedtrainingcourse.Appendixdgivesdetailsofapprovedtraining.
3.3. Designated personnel approved to receive approved trainingAllpoliceofficersareeligibletoreceiveapprovedtraining.AppendixEprovidesalistofdesignatedpolicestaffwhocanalsoreceiveapprovedtraining.
3.4. Approved Drug Testing KitsthedrugtestingkitsusedintheEditprocessmustbeapproved.AppendixFlistsapproveddrugtestingkits.
Asystemwillbeintroducedtoapprovenewkitsafteranevaluationprocess.Chiefpoliceofficerswillbeupdatedwithchanges.
Section 3 Approvals
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Signature: Signature Witnessed by:MP 1199/01
Form 193
Form MG 11
Witness Statement(CJ Act 1967, s.9;MC Act 1980, ss.5A(3)(a) and 5B;MC Rules 1981, r.70)
Statement of
Age if under 18 'over 18' (if over 18 insert ‘over 18’) Occupation Police Officer
This statement (consisting of: 1 pages each signed by me) is true to the best of my knowledge and
belief and I make it knowing that, if it is tendered in evidence, I shall be liable to prosecution if I havewilfully stated anything which I know to be false or do not believe to be true.
Dated:
Signature:
I am a police officer / member of police staff, trained by the Forensic Science Service in a manner
approved by the Home Office, in the use of MARQUIS test kits (Evidential Drug Identification Test) for
the testing of amphetamine, morphine and heroin.
On………………………………… at …………. hours I was on duty in the custody suite
at…………………………..police station when……………………………………………….handed me
exhibit……………………number………………consisting of ……………………………………….
………………………………………………sealed in a property bag number ……………………….….
………………………………………. has informed me that there is evidence in this case to suspect that
………………………………………….is in possession of what appears to be a controlled substance
and that the amount of such a substance is in keeping with ‘personal use’
I have tested this item with Marquis reagent using the BDH test kit and have obtained the
……………………… colour that I would expect from ……………………………………
At the conclusion of the test I repackaged the item and at….…….hours handed it
to……………………………………………in a sealed bag number …………………….
The test procedures, which apply to the Evidential Drug Identification testing of substances within
police stations for drug possession cases were all adhered to, during which a contemporaneous
record of the events, signed by myself, was made.
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Signature: Signature Witnessed by:MP 1199/01
Form 193
Form MG 11
Witness Statement(CJ Act 1967, s.9;MC Act 1980, ss.5A(3)(a) and 5B;MC Rules 1981, r.70)
Statement of
Age if under 18 'over 18' (if over 18 insert ‘over 18’) Occupation Police Officer
This statement (consisting of: 1 pages each signed by me) is true to the best of my knowledge and
belief and I make it knowing that, if it is tendered in evidence, I shall be liable to prosecution if I havewilfully stated anything which I know to be false or do not believe to be true.
Dated:
Signature:
I am a police officer / member of police staff, trained by the Forensic Science Service in a manner
approved by the Home Office, in the use of MARQUIS test kits (Evidential Drug Identification Test) for
the testing of amphetamine, morphine and heroin.
On………………………………… at …………. hours I was on duty in the custody suite
at…………………………..police station when……………………………………………….handed me
exhibit……………………number………………consisting of ……………………………………….
………………………………………………sealed in a property bag number ……………………….….
………………………………………. has informed me that there is evidence in this case to suspect that
………………………………………….is in possession of what appears to be a controlled substance
and that the amount of such a substance is in keeping with ‘personal use’
I have tested this item with Marquis reagent using the BDH test kit and have obtained the
……………………… colour that I would expect from ……………………………………
At the conclusion of the test I repackaged the item and at….…….hours handed it
to……………………………………………in a sealed bag number …………………….
The test procedures, which apply to the Evidential Drug Identification testing of substances within
police stations for drug possession cases were all adhered to, during which a contemporaneous
record of the events, signed by myself, was made.
Appendix A
:Exam
ple M
G1
1
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Notification of evidential drug identification test resultYoushouldhavebeengivenacopyofastatementcompletedbythepersonwhocarriedouttheevidentialdrugsidentification.thisstatementprovidesyouwithaformal,writtenrecordofthetestresult.Youshouldbegivenacopywhetherthetesthasbeenpositiveornegative.
Positive test resultApositiveEditresultprovidessufficientidentificationevidencetoallowacautionor,inthecaseofjuveniles(personsundertheageof18)areprimandorawarning.
ApositiveEditresultalsoprovidessufficientidentificationevidencetosupportanimmediatechargeincasesofunlawfulpossessionofacontrolleddrug.thisisthecaseevenifyouindicateanintentiontodenythechargeatcourt.
ifyouarechargedwiththeoffenceofpossessionofacontrolleddrugandwishtodenythechargeonthebasisoftheresultoftheevidentialdrugidentificationtestbeingwrongthenyoushouldusethedisputedtestprocedure.detailsofhowtodothisaregivenbelow.ifontheotherhandyouintendtodenyachargesolelyonthebasisthatyousayyoudidnothavethecontrolleddruginyourpossession,ratherthanthesubstancenotbeingacontrolleddrug,thenitisunnecessaryforyoutousethedisputedtestprocedure.
Cannabisinthecaseofcannabisthepositiveidentificationofanexperiencedpoliceofficerissufficienttoallowacharge,cautionorinthecaseofayoungpersonareprimandorwarning.
Using the disputed test procedureYoumustsaythatyouwishtousethedisputedtestprocedureatyourfirstappearanceincourtwhenpleadingnotguilty.YouormorelikelyyoursolicitormustmakeitclearthatyoudonotaccepttheEditresult(orpoliceofficeridentificationofcannabis)astrueanditispartofyourdefencethatthesubstanceisnotacontrolleddrug.theCPSwillthenaskthecourtforaremandtoallowasecondtestofthesubstancetobecarriedoutbyaforensicscientist.theresultofthesecondtestwillreplacethefirstidentification.If you ask for a second test and it is later proved that the first test was correct and you are found guilty, it will be at the discretion of the court whether to make an order against you for the extra costs involved.1
Negative EDIT test resultAnegativeEdittestresultmeansthatthetestingofficerisunabletopositivelyidentifyacontrolleddruginthesubstance.thepolicestillhavetheoptionofinvestigatingtheoffenceofattempteddrugpossessiononthebasisthatyoutookpossessionofthesubstancebelievingittobeacontrolleddrugAlternatively,iftherecontinuestobegroundstoreasonablysuspectthatthesubstanceisacontrolleddrug,theinvestigatingofficerhastheoptionofsendingthesubstancetoaforensiclaboratoryforfurthertesting.
NoticetothearrestedpersonregardingtheEvidentialdrugidentificationtest(Edit)resultandthedisputedtestprocedure
1. The inclusion of this sentence is optional
App
endi
x B
: No
tice
reg
ard
ing
the
ED
IT r
esu
lt a
nd
th
e d
isp
ute
d t
est
pro
ced
ure
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1.theEvidentialdrugidentificationtest(Edit)iscarriedoutbyatrainedperson(tester)usingaHomeOfficeauthoriseddrugtestingKit(dtK).
2.thetestercompletesastatementusingatemplateMG11foreachdtKusedonthesuspectedcontrolleddrug.
3.ifthetesterisnotalsotheinvestigatingofficerthenthetestergivestheMG11(s)totheinvestigatingofficer.
4.testerisresponsibleforthecontinuityofevidenceofthesuspectedcontrolleddrug.S/heensuresthattheyobtainthesuspectedcontrolleddrugcorrectlyandthattheremainingsubstanceissealedinanevidentialbag,recordedandstoredcorrectly.
5.theinvestigatingofficerprovidesthearrestedperson/solicitor/appropriateadultwithacopyoftheMG11(s)assoonaspracticalandcertainlybeforeanyevidentialinterview.
6.Atthesametimeasdoingthisprovidesthearrestedperson/solicitor/appropriateadultwithanoticeexplainingtheEditandthedisputedtestprocedure.
7.iftheEditispositiveandtheevidenceofpossessionissufficientevenifthearrestedpersondoesnotmakeadmissionsthepersoncanbechargedwithpossessionofaspecifieddrug.
8.thedisputedtestprocedureisinitiatedbythedefendantpleadingNotGuiltyatcourtandnotifyingthecourtthattheEditresultwillbechallenged.theCPScanalsoinitiatethedisputetestprocedure.
9.theCPSwillrequestanadjournmentofthecourtforatleastsevendays.
10.theCPSwillinformthelocalCriminalJusticeUnit(CJU).
11.theremustbeasysteminplacetoquicklyretrievetherelevantexhibitfromthepropertystoreandconveyittoaforensicsciencelaboratoryforaquick-timeanalysis.
12.AstatementfromtheforensicscientistwillprovidethebestpossibleidentificationevidenceandsupersedetheresultoftheEdit.
13.itistheresponsibilityofthelocalCJUtoensurethatstatementisinthecasepapersforthenextcourthearing.
14.ifthefirstandsecondtestsagreeandthepersonisfoundguiltyofpossessionthenthecourtmayincludethepriceofthesecondarytestintheawardofcostswhensentencing.
Appendix C
:Disp
uted
Test Pro
cedu
re
disputedtestProcedure
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inordertoensuretheintegrityoftheEditprocessalldrugtestkitusersmustfirsthaveattendedanapprovedtrainingcourse.thesecoursesareapproximatelyfourhoursinlengthfornewusersandwillcoverallrelevantaspectsintheuseofthekitsincluding:
ExplanationofhowtheuseofEditisapplicablein‘possessiononly’drugcases
RequirementsoftheCriminalJusticesystemincludingstreamlinedevidencereportsandassociateddocumentation
Avoidanceofcontaminationissues
demonstrationandpracticeinusingbothMarquisreagantandimmunoassaykitsincludingthedifferingtypesofkitavailablefromvariousmanufacturers
Correctprocedurestobefollowedincludinginterpretationofresults
Appropriateuseofthekitsandexclusions
HealthandSafetyconsiderationsincludingsafedisposalofchemicals
Officersandstaffpreviouslytrainedintheuseofthesekitsunderprevious‘guiltyplea’arrangementsmaycontinuetouseapprovedkitsbutarerecommendedtoundertakeanEditupdatecourseofapprox.twohoursduration.
ForcesrequiringtraininginEditshouldmakearrangementsdirectwitheitherofthetwocurrentlyapprovedtrainingproviders
TheForensicScienceServiceLtdPrioryHouse,GoochStreetNorth,Birmingham,B56QQPhoneNo.01216076800e-mail:[email protected]
LGCForensicsLtdQueensRoad,teddington,tW110LYPhoneno.02089437000e-mail:[email protected]
AttendanceonaqualifyingcoursewillberecordedbythetrainingproviderwhowillmaintainaregisterofapprovedPoliceOfficersandstaffwhohavecompletedthecoursetothesatisfactionofthetrainingprovider
AnyotherorganisationwishingtodeliverthistrainingmaymakeapplicationtoNPiA.
AcceptanceasanapprovedtrainingproviderissubjecttoqualifyingconditionswhichareobtainableonrequestfromNPiA.
Approvedtraining
App
endi
x D
: Ap
pro
ved
tra
inin
g
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inadditiontopoliceofficersthetablebelowdetailscategoriesofpolicestaffwhoareapprovedtoundertaketestingusingthekitsdetailedinAppendixFofthisdocument.AllstaffmustundertakeanapprovedtrainingdetailedinAppendixdcoursebeforeusingthekits.
CentraldrugsStoreOfficer
Chemicalenhancementstaff
CrimeSceneinvestigators
CustodyAssistants
CustodydetentionOfficers
CustodyinvestigationOfficers
divisionaldrugsLiaisonOfficer
drugsintelligenceOfficers
drugsLiaisonOfficers
drugsSquadOfficers
Fingerprint&fingerprintdevelopmentlabstaff
Forensiclaboratoryservicesstaff
Forensicsubmissionsstaff
ForensicPractitioners
Forensictechnicians
PoliceCommunitySupportOfficers
PoliceStaffinvestigators
ScenesofCrimeOfficers
ScientificintelligenceOfficers
Searchteammembers
SpecialConstabulary
VolumeCrimeSceneExaminers
Appendix E : C
ategories o
f design
ated p
erson
nel ap
pro
ved to
use d
rug testin
g kits
Categoriesofdesignatedpersonnelapprovedtousedrugtestingkits
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thefollowingdrugtestingkitshavebeenapprovedforuseincustodysituationsundertheEditprocesstoestablishwhetherornotsubstancesarecontrolledundertheMisuseofdrugsAct1971.
thebelowlisteddrugtestingkitscanonlybeusebyapprovedpersonnel.thesearelistedatAppendixE.
inadditionallthoseapprovedpersonnelmusthaveundertakenanapprovedtrainingcoursedetailedinAppendixd.
thetestingofdrugs,particularlypowderswhilstutilisinganyofthebelowlistedkitsrequireknowledgeofrelevanthealth&safetyconsiderations.Particularcaremustbetakenwiththecolourchangekitsastheyhaveadditionalrisksofglassandchemicals.Appropriateguidanceandadvicewillbegivenduringtheapprovedtrainingcoursesandincludedwithinthetrainingmanual,providedattheconclusionofthetrainingcourse.
Morphine, heroin and amphetamine:a) BDHMarquistestkit(productnumber321761U)
marketedbyVWRinternationalLtd,HunterBoulevard,MagnaPark,Lutterworth.LE174XNPhone:0800223344e-mail:[email protected]
b) MMCOpiate/AmphetaminetestmarketedbyCrack-downdrugtesting,Unit11,BoarshurstBusinessPark,BoarshurstLane,Greenfield,Saddleworth,OL37ERPhone:01457877988e-mail:[email protected],HygroFarm,KennelLane,Billericay,EssexCM112SUPhone:01277626100www.tetrasoc.com
c) NIKMarquisreagentkit (productnumber6071A)marketedbytetraSceneofCrimeLtd-detailsasabove
Cocaine:d) CozartCocainetestkitmarketedbyCozartBioscienceLtd,
45MiltonPark,Abingdon,OX144RUPhone:01235861483www.cozart.bizwww.concateno.com
e) Drug-IDcocainetestkitmarketedbydtecinternationalLtd.POBox13,LythamStAnnes,LancashireFY81GEPhone:0800371898www.dtecinternational.com
App
endi
x F
: Ap
pro
ved
Dru
g Te
stin
g K
its ApproveddrugtestingKits
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Edit Evidentialdrugidentificationtest
CJSSS CriminalJusticeSimple,Speedy,Summary
dtK drugtestingKit
SCd SuspectedControlleddrug
ERO EvidentialReviewOfficer
CPS CrownProsecutionService
diP druginterventionProgramme
PWitS Possessionwithintenttosupply
MG11 Statementform
MGFSP Forensicexhibitsubmissionform
Section 5 Glossary
Section � Glo
ssary
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EvidentialDrug
Testing in Police Stations
Identification
Guidance for
EvidentialDrug
Testing in Police Stations
Identification
Guidance for
Publication date:October2008
ACPO Project Lead:CommanderAllanGibson
Project Manager:detectiveSuperintendentNeilWilson
Project Team:inspectorPaulRichards,RogerGrainger(ForensicAdvisor)
Author: inspectorPaulRichards
ACPOEqualityimpactAssessmenthasbeencompleted.
Copyright©2008.Allrightsreserved.AssociationofChiefPoliceOfficersofEngland,WalesandNorthernireland.Registerednumber:3445831stFloor,10VictoriaStreet,LondonSW1H0NN.
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